CA1116971A - Process for refining tobacco - Google Patents
Process for refining tobaccoInfo
- Publication number
- CA1116971A CA1116971A CA000319932A CA319932A CA1116971A CA 1116971 A CA1116971 A CA 1116971A CA 000319932 A CA000319932 A CA 000319932A CA 319932 A CA319932 A CA 319932A CA 1116971 A CA1116971 A CA 1116971A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- microorganisms
- culture
- nitrates
- nitrites
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000588915 Klebsiella aerogenes Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940092559 enterobacter aerogenes Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229960005419 nitrogen Drugs 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 235000010633 broth Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000588914 Enterobacter Species 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLXMOAALOJOTIY-FPTXNFDTSA-N Aesculin Natural products OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1Oc2cc3C=CC(=O)Oc3cc2O PLXMOAALOJOTIY-FPTXNFDTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L Malonate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000192041 Micrococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XHCADAYNFIFUHF-TVKJYDDYSA-N esculin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC(C(=C1)O)=CC2=C1OC(=O)C=C2 XHCADAYNFIFUHF-TVKJYDDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005706 microflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU79039A LU79039A1 (de) | 1978-02-09 | 1978-02-09 | Verfahren zum veredeln von tabak |
| LU79039 | 1978-02-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1116971A true CA1116971A (en) | 1982-01-26 |
Family
ID=19728836
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000319932A Expired CA1116971A (en) | 1978-02-09 | 1979-01-19 | Process for refining tobacco |
Country Status (10)
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU81611A1 (de) * | 1979-08-20 | 1981-03-24 | Tabac Fab Reunies Sa | Verfahren zur gewinnung einer von nitraten freien loesung aus einer nitrate enthaltenden produktloesung |
| US4622982A (en) * | 1979-08-20 | 1986-11-18 | Fabriques De Tabac Reunies S.A. | Continuous method of denitrating tobacco extracts |
| DE3100715A1 (de) * | 1981-01-13 | 1982-07-22 | Fabriques de Tabac Réunies S.A., 2003 Neuchâtel | Verfahren zur aufbereitung von tabak und tabak, aufbereitet nach diesem verfahren |
| US4685478A (en) * | 1981-10-01 | 1987-08-11 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Thermophilic denitrification of tobacco |
| US4651759A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1987-03-24 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Start-up process for the thermophilic denitrification of tobacco |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE121598C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | ||||
| DE669550C (de) * | 1936-05-20 | 1938-12-29 | Johannes Moser Dr | Verfahren zur Fermentation von Tabak |
| US3747608A (en) * | 1971-06-18 | 1973-07-24 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco | Microbial digestion of tobacco materials |
| JPS4849999A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1971-10-26 | 1973-07-14 | ||
| US4011141A (en) * | 1975-11-17 | 1977-03-08 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Process for maximizing the growth and nicotine degrading activity of microorganisms |
| US4038993A (en) * | 1975-11-17 | 1977-08-02 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Process for reduction of nicotine content of tobacco by microbial treatment |
| DE2811690C3 (de) * | 1977-05-06 | 1982-05-06 | Fabriques de Tabac Réunies S.A., 2003 Neuchâtel | Verfahren zum Veredeln von Tabak |
| DE2816427C2 (de) * | 1977-05-06 | 1982-09-16 | Fabriques de Tabac Réunies S.A., 2003 Neuchâtel | Verfahren zum Veredeln von Tabak |
| LU77272A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1977-05-06 | 1979-01-18 | ||
| US4556073A (en) * | 1978-06-15 | 1985-12-03 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Process for reduction of nitrate content of tobacco by microbial treatment |
| US4557280A (en) * | 1978-06-15 | 1985-12-10 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Process for reduction of nitrate and nicotine content of tobacco by microbial treatment |
-
1978
- 1978-02-09 LU LU79039A patent/LU79039A1/de unknown
-
1979
- 1979-01-15 DE DE19792901310 patent/DE2901310A1/de active Granted
- 1979-01-18 AU AU43472/79A patent/AU523558B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-01-19 CA CA000319932A patent/CA1116971A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-19 CH CH59279A patent/CH640393A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-01-24 GB GB7902543A patent/GB2014031B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-01-31 NL NLAANVRAGE7900761,A patent/NL188733C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-02-06 FR FR7902972A patent/FR2416654B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1979-02-07 IT IT19955/79A patent/IT1110105B/it active
- 1979-02-08 BE BE6046755A patent/BE874050A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2901310C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1988-01-21 |
| LU79039A1 (de) | 1979-09-06 |
| BE874050A (fr) | 1979-05-29 |
| NL188733B (nl) | 1992-04-16 |
| GB2014031B (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| CH640393A5 (de) | 1984-01-13 |
| GB2014031A (en) | 1979-08-22 |
| IT1110105B (it) | 1985-12-23 |
| AU523558B2 (en) | 1982-08-05 |
| FR2416654B1 (fr) | 1986-05-02 |
| IT7919955A0 (it) | 1979-02-07 |
| NL188733C (nl) | 1992-09-16 |
| AU4347279A (en) | 1979-08-16 |
| DE2901310A1 (de) | 1979-08-23 |
| FR2416654A1 (fr) | 1979-09-07 |
| NL7900761A (nl) | 1979-08-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |