CA1107981A - Box beam building structure - Google Patents
Box beam building structureInfo
- Publication number
- CA1107981A CA1107981A CA327,371A CA327371A CA1107981A CA 1107981 A CA1107981 A CA 1107981A CA 327371 A CA327371 A CA 327371A CA 1107981 A CA1107981 A CA 1107981A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- skins
- panel
- wires
- extension
- wire mesh
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
- E04C5/0636—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts
- E04C5/064—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts the reinforcing elements in each plane being formed by, or forming a, mat of longitunal and transverse bars
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
BOX BEAM BUILDING STRUCTURE
Abstract Box beam building panels, each having exterior wire cloth skins and interior sinuous wire truss members supporting the skins in spaced-apart parallel planes, and being especially formed for assembly in a plurality of configurations providing various portions of a build-ing structure.
Abstract Box beam building panels, each having exterior wire cloth skins and interior sinuous wire truss members supporting the skins in spaced-apart parallel planes, and being especially formed for assembly in a plurality of configurations providing various portions of a build-ing structure.
Description
3';~
1The inventi~n relates to the construction of reinforced concrete wall and building structures in which a box beam skeleton reinforcing matrix is first set in place and concrete or similar material is applied thereto, see, fox example, U. S. Patent 3,305,991, and co-pending application of Rockstead and Fahrenbach, U. S. Serial No. 771,999, filed February 25, 1977, for BUILDI~G FO~ AND REINFORCING ~T~IX, now U. S. Patent No. 4,104,812.
10The structures disclosed in the above-noted U. S. patents provide an excellent advance in the art, and are being used for the erection and construction of reinforced concrete building walls. Conventionally, the matrix structures are fabricated and furnished to - the job site in the form of modular panels typically 4 feet wide and in standard lengths of 8 feet, 10 feet, 12 feet, etc., and typically these panels are erected in a vertical plane on a foundation and hog-ringed or otherwise tied together in edge-to-edge abutment to define a continuous wall form. One of the weaknesses of the structure is the lack of continuity of steel or wire mesh reinforcement throu~h the joint between panels so as to make the entire wall structurally integral and the reinforcement continuous. The prior structures referred to were not designed to provide such continuous reinforcement.
The present invention may provide a modular building form and reinforcing matrix of the character described which may be quickly, easily, and precisely erected, followed by expeditious completion of finished concrete walls, and in which there will be provided at the joinder of the panels, a complete and effective re-inforcing wire or mesh matrix which will function to make integral and tied together the several panels forming walls, floors, ceilings, and other portions of the building.
~ I
: . ' ' '~ .
, 1 The present invention may also provide a box beam building structure of the character described hav-ing a universality of application, enabling the panels to be erected vertically, e.g., to provide vertical walls; or horizontally, e.g., to provide floors or ceil-ings; or inclined, e.g., to provide roof sections and the like. The panels may be readily assembled in co-planar position or at acute, right, or obtuse angles.
Moreover, panels may be connected together to provide a large number of new, important building structures including:
ta) the combination of a wall section and a vertically extending post; -~ b) the combination of a wall section and a horizontally extending beam;
~ c~ the combination of a horizontal wall sec-tion providing a floor or ceiling and an integrally con-nected horizontally extending beam;
(d) the combination of a pair of roof sec-tions mounted to provide the intersecting sides of aroof peak, and an integral roof beam extending horizon-tally at the interior side of the peak.
The invention possesses other features, some of which of the foregoing will be set forth in the fol-lowing description of the preferred form of the inven-tion which is illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification. It is to be understood, however, that variations in the showing made by the said drawings and description may be adopted within the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.
FIGURE 1 is a front view of a modular building form and reinforcing matrix panel constructed in accord-ance with the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of the panel.
1 FIGURE 3 is an edge elevation of a typical panel.
FIGURES 4 and 5 are edge elevations of ends of typical panels.
FIGURE 6 is a side elevation showing a wall and foundation structure formed in accordance with the present invention.
FIGURE 7 is a side elevation of another form of wall and foundation structure including floor and ceiling members.
FIGURE 8 is a plan view of a typical wall and corner section.
FIGURE 9 is a side elevation of a roof and a roof beam construction.
FIGURE 10 is a side elevation of a typical floor or ceiling and reinforcing beam structure.
FIGURE 11 is a side elevation of a typical wall foundation and ceiling structure.
. FIGURE 12 is a fragmentary plan view on a some-what enlarged scale showing the corner detail of FIGURE 8.
The box beam building panel 16 of the present invention comprises, bxiefly, a pair of exterior open wire mesh skins 17 and 18; a plurality of sinuous wire truss members 19 extending between, and secured to, and supporting skins 17 and 18 in spaced substantially paral-lel planes; and as a principal feature of the present invention, truss members l9 are terminated short of an edge section of one of the skins, ~see edge section 21 30 on skin 18 in FIGURE 2, and edge section 22 on skin 17 in FIGURE 1), in all instances to define a side of the panel having a free-standing wire mesh extension adapted for positioning within and reinforcing a contiguous ioint for the panel, (see FIGURES 6-12).
_4~
1 The structure of the present panel permits the use of an overhanging edge section at any one of the four sides of the rectangular panel; that is, at either end or at either side, (see FIGURES 3, 4 and 5). In FIGURE 3, an overhanging, free-standing edge section 22 is shown at the left end of panel 16 and on skin 17. Alternatively, the overhanging, free-standing edge section may be pro-vided at the opposite end of skin 17 as suggested at 22 or at the left end or right end of skin 18 as suggested at 22b and 22c. Any or all of edge sections 22, 22_, 22b, and 22c may be provided on a single panel. Similar-ly, and as shown in FIGURE 4, edge sections may be pro-vided on either or both sides of panel 16, and on either or both skins 17 and 18 as illustrated at 21, 21a, 21_, and 21c. While normally panel 16 will be fabricated in a standard width of, say, 4 feet, and in standard lengths of 8 feet, 10 feet, 12 feet, etc., tne construction of the present panel readily permits of its being ~roduced in narrower widths, as illustrated in FIGURE 5, and here again, the overhanging edge sections 21, 21a, 21b, and 21c may be provided at either or both sides of skins 17 and 18, as depicted in FIGURE 5.
The present panel is preferably constructed from rolls of standard, commercially available rectangu-; lar wire mesh cloth. A 2-inch by 4-inch spacing of 12-1/2 gauge steel wires is quite satisfactory for present purposes. Rolls of this material may be obtained in various widths to provide the desired width dimension of panel 16 with one or more overhanging edge sections.
The truss members 19 may be composed of 12-gauge steel wire fabricated in a length to suit. A plurality of these trusses may be mounted in a jig making u2 the nominal widthwise dimension of the panel, and the wire cloth skins are positioned in the spaced-apart planes per-pendicular to the truss members, and the truss members are spot welded to the longitudinal wires 2~, as seen in _5_ ~79~1 1 FIGURE 2. Normally, a pair of truss members define the opposite sides of the panel.
Typically, in panels of this type, an interior partition is carried on the truss members for support of concrete to be applied to the panels. The present panel uses, for this purpose, a sheet of common building paper 26, as also shown in the above-noted patent application.
FIGURE 6 illustrates the use of the box beam of the present invention with a single f'ange 22, and em-bodied in a structure having a monolithic wall 27,foundation 28, and slab floor 29 construction. A founda-tion trench 31 is dug adjacent to the earth grade 32, which will form the base for the slab floor 29, and box beam 16 is mounted in trench 6 with edge section 22 lowermost, and extended laterally from the panel for wire mesh reinforcing of the joint between the panel and foundation. Typically, foundation 28 is poured and wall 27 is sprayed as a two-step operation following closely together so that when the wall is sprayed, the wet con-crete mixes with the still moist concrete in the footing.
Slab 29 may be poured at any convenient subsequent time in the construction of the building. An alternative form of wall and foundation structure is illustrated in FIGURE 11, wherein wire mesh extensions 22 and 22b are provided at the lower end of panel 16m, and the panel is mounted in the middle of a foundation trench 31_ with mesh extensions 22 and 22b deployed laterally to the trench in opposite directions to provide wire mesh reinforcing of the joint between the panel and foundation.
~ 30 A further alternative is illustrated in : FIGURE 7, wherein the mesh extension 22_ on panel 16a erected in trench 31b is provided with a length extending through the trench and into overlying position on the earth grade 32a for providing a continuous wire mesh reinforcement cGnnecting the slab floor 29_, foundation 28a, and the wall 27_. An excellent preferred -6~ 79~
1 construction, as depicted in FIGURE 7, is to mount a second box beam panel 16b on grade 32 which is formed with an underlying wire cloth skin superimposed on mesh section 22_, thus better providing and tying in integral reinforcement in floor slab 29a.
The foregoing wall and foundation structures work well for basement walls, retaining walls, wind barrier fences, patio walls, swimming pool walls, and the like, in which case the slab foundation and wall should be "gunited" or cemented at the same time. In the struc-ture illustrated in FIGURE 7, the mesh ties together the several structural parts, and the mesh is selected of a wire size and spacing which closely matches the strength of the concrete, thus obtaining a very uniform distribu-tion of force flow and minimizing the propensity of the concrete to crack a~long the lines of reinforcing members where heavier reinforcing rods are used. In the structure shown in FIGURE 7, box beam 16a is provided with a second flange 22i at its upper end which is bent out at right angles to underlie a top horizontally disposed box beam panel 16c. Mesh extension 22i may be secured to the underlying wire mesh skin 18c of box beam panel 16c by tie wires, hog rings or the like, similar to the secure-ment of flange extension 22d to the underside of box beam 16_. Typically, concrete is sprayed by the well known "gunite" technique, the first coat being applied against the vapor barrier partiGn 26, making a layer approximately 1 inch thick and trapping one of the mesh skins of the box beam. Usually this is done from the outside of the building. Then after installation of wiring, plumbing, etc., the wall is finished by spraying concrete from the opposite, inner side, so as to trap the opposite wire mesh screen in a concrete wall of approximately one-inch thickness. ~ second vapor barrier (not shown) may be incorporated within the box beam juxtaposed to wire mesh skin 18.
_7_ 1~7~1 1 Generally, the wire mesh extension of one box beam will be ~ounted in overlapping engagement with the wire mesh skin of a contiguous box beam so as to provide a continuous wire mesh reinforcement carrying through the joint between the panels. A variety of this type of structure is illustrated in the remaining figures of the drawing. In FIGURE 8 wire mesh extens~n 21~ on panel 16e laps over and is fastened to skin 17a of panel 16_, and mesh extension 22f on panel 16d laps over skin 18e of panel 16e. As will be observed from FIGURE 8, panel 16_ is provided at its opposite side with a mesh extension 21e for lapping the next panel (not shown) to be erected.
Similarly, panel 16f on an adjacent side of the building is provided with a nesh extenslon 21f for connection to the next adjacent partition (not shown) to be erected.
The mesh extensions may be used for connection of panels which are mounted in angularly intersecting planes, as illustrated in FIGURES 7, 9, 10 and 11. This structure is particularly useful where the mesh extensions are provided at the same side of one o~ the box beams so as to provide a beam-type reinforcement for roofs, FIGURE 9; floors and ceilings, FIGURE 10; and for inter-secting walls, FIGURE 11. In such cases, the mesh exten-sions are bent out laterally in opposite directions and mounted in face-to-face engagement with the skin or skins of the contiguous panels to provide continuous joint reinforcement therebetween. In the structure illustrated in FIGURE 9, a pair of panels 16g and 16h are mounted to provide the intersecting sides of a roof peak 36, and panel 16i is mounted interiorly of peak 36 and is formed with wire mesh extensions 21g and 21h lapping the interior wire mesh skins of panels 16g and 16h and disposing panels 16i as a horizontally extending and depending roof beam supporting the roof structure. Steel reinforcing rods 37 may be mounted in the bottom of the beam to carry the tension load.
- , 7C~
1 In the arrangement shown in ~IGU~E 10, a box beam 16i is applied in a manner somewhat similar to that shown in FIGURE 9 to the underside of a horizontally dis-posed box beam 16k, the latter typically providing a floor or ceiling of a building and panel 16i providing a beam support therefor. As illustrated in FIGURE 10, beam 16i is provided with mesh extensions 21i and 21i which are bent laterally from the top of panel 16i in opposite directions and fastened by tie wires, hog rings, or the like, to the bottom wire mesh skin 17b of panel 16k. In a somewhat similar construction, the mesh exten-sions 22g and 22_ on box beam 16m in FIGURE 11 are extend-ed laterally from the upper end of the panels so as to underlie and be secured to the bottom wire mesh skin 17c of horizontally disposed panel 16_ forming a ceiling wall of the building.
The structures shown in FIGURES 9, 10, and 11 are illustrated in vertical cross-section. ~owever, due to the universality of the panel connections, these struc-tures are equally effective when rotated 90 and seen intop plan view. In the latter case, panels 16g, 16h, 16k, and 16n may constitute exterior vertical walls; panels 16i and 161, vertical posts; and panel 16m, a vertical wall. Similarly, while panels 16i and 16i are here illustrated as horizontally e~tending beams, such panels ; with top and bottom wire mesh extensions may be strapped onto walls to provide either horizontal beams or vertical posts.
Advantage of the wire mesh extension is taken to obtain an improved corner construction, as illustrated in FIGURES 8 and 12. As here shown, panel 16e is pro-vided with mesh extension 21k which laps one end 41 of panel 16f, which is mounted in abutment to the end of panel 16e to define a corner. Mesh extension 21k is bent outwardly from the corner at about 45 and an angle mesh plasterer's corner bead 43 is mounted on, and extends ~7~
_9_ 1 longitudinally of, the distal edge of the mesh extension in spaced parallel relation to the corner. The conven-tional plasterer's corner bead is formed with an arcuate socket or groove which may be snapped onto the free edge of mesh extension 21k. The corner sections, as illustrated in FIGURES 8 and 12, are preferably poured solid to provide maximum strength posts at the corner of the building structure.
In general, the wire mesh extensions transmit the stress of the skin from one box beam monolithic sheet to the adjacent one. Instead of being two separate individual rectangular plates of concrete, the wire mesh extensions establish one much stronger sheet of concrete virtually with an unbroken stress pattern. Accordingly, cracking along the joint will be resisted until very high, virtually catastrophic forces occur. In short, instead of concentrating displacements along a joint, the forces or stresses that will tend to cause the wall or other structure to come apart are distributed over the entire surface or uniformly, thereby avoiding cracking and brea~ing.
The dash lines in each of the views show the c~ncrete wall section which is sprayed, or otherwise applied, to the wire mesh skins of the panel.
.
1The inventi~n relates to the construction of reinforced concrete wall and building structures in which a box beam skeleton reinforcing matrix is first set in place and concrete or similar material is applied thereto, see, fox example, U. S. Patent 3,305,991, and co-pending application of Rockstead and Fahrenbach, U. S. Serial No. 771,999, filed February 25, 1977, for BUILDI~G FO~ AND REINFORCING ~T~IX, now U. S. Patent No. 4,104,812.
10The structures disclosed in the above-noted U. S. patents provide an excellent advance in the art, and are being used for the erection and construction of reinforced concrete building walls. Conventionally, the matrix structures are fabricated and furnished to - the job site in the form of modular panels typically 4 feet wide and in standard lengths of 8 feet, 10 feet, 12 feet, etc., and typically these panels are erected in a vertical plane on a foundation and hog-ringed or otherwise tied together in edge-to-edge abutment to define a continuous wall form. One of the weaknesses of the structure is the lack of continuity of steel or wire mesh reinforcement throu~h the joint between panels so as to make the entire wall structurally integral and the reinforcement continuous. The prior structures referred to were not designed to provide such continuous reinforcement.
The present invention may provide a modular building form and reinforcing matrix of the character described which may be quickly, easily, and precisely erected, followed by expeditious completion of finished concrete walls, and in which there will be provided at the joinder of the panels, a complete and effective re-inforcing wire or mesh matrix which will function to make integral and tied together the several panels forming walls, floors, ceilings, and other portions of the building.
~ I
: . ' ' '~ .
, 1 The present invention may also provide a box beam building structure of the character described hav-ing a universality of application, enabling the panels to be erected vertically, e.g., to provide vertical walls; or horizontally, e.g., to provide floors or ceil-ings; or inclined, e.g., to provide roof sections and the like. The panels may be readily assembled in co-planar position or at acute, right, or obtuse angles.
Moreover, panels may be connected together to provide a large number of new, important building structures including:
ta) the combination of a wall section and a vertically extending post; -~ b) the combination of a wall section and a horizontally extending beam;
~ c~ the combination of a horizontal wall sec-tion providing a floor or ceiling and an integrally con-nected horizontally extending beam;
(d) the combination of a pair of roof sec-tions mounted to provide the intersecting sides of aroof peak, and an integral roof beam extending horizon-tally at the interior side of the peak.
The invention possesses other features, some of which of the foregoing will be set forth in the fol-lowing description of the preferred form of the inven-tion which is illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification. It is to be understood, however, that variations in the showing made by the said drawings and description may be adopted within the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.
FIGURE 1 is a front view of a modular building form and reinforcing matrix panel constructed in accord-ance with the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of the panel.
1 FIGURE 3 is an edge elevation of a typical panel.
FIGURES 4 and 5 are edge elevations of ends of typical panels.
FIGURE 6 is a side elevation showing a wall and foundation structure formed in accordance with the present invention.
FIGURE 7 is a side elevation of another form of wall and foundation structure including floor and ceiling members.
FIGURE 8 is a plan view of a typical wall and corner section.
FIGURE 9 is a side elevation of a roof and a roof beam construction.
FIGURE 10 is a side elevation of a typical floor or ceiling and reinforcing beam structure.
FIGURE 11 is a side elevation of a typical wall foundation and ceiling structure.
. FIGURE 12 is a fragmentary plan view on a some-what enlarged scale showing the corner detail of FIGURE 8.
The box beam building panel 16 of the present invention comprises, bxiefly, a pair of exterior open wire mesh skins 17 and 18; a plurality of sinuous wire truss members 19 extending between, and secured to, and supporting skins 17 and 18 in spaced substantially paral-lel planes; and as a principal feature of the present invention, truss members l9 are terminated short of an edge section of one of the skins, ~see edge section 21 30 on skin 18 in FIGURE 2, and edge section 22 on skin 17 in FIGURE 1), in all instances to define a side of the panel having a free-standing wire mesh extension adapted for positioning within and reinforcing a contiguous ioint for the panel, (see FIGURES 6-12).
_4~
1 The structure of the present panel permits the use of an overhanging edge section at any one of the four sides of the rectangular panel; that is, at either end or at either side, (see FIGURES 3, 4 and 5). In FIGURE 3, an overhanging, free-standing edge section 22 is shown at the left end of panel 16 and on skin 17. Alternatively, the overhanging, free-standing edge section may be pro-vided at the opposite end of skin 17 as suggested at 22 or at the left end or right end of skin 18 as suggested at 22b and 22c. Any or all of edge sections 22, 22_, 22b, and 22c may be provided on a single panel. Similar-ly, and as shown in FIGURE 4, edge sections may be pro-vided on either or both sides of panel 16, and on either or both skins 17 and 18 as illustrated at 21, 21a, 21_, and 21c. While normally panel 16 will be fabricated in a standard width of, say, 4 feet, and in standard lengths of 8 feet, 10 feet, 12 feet, etc., tne construction of the present panel readily permits of its being ~roduced in narrower widths, as illustrated in FIGURE 5, and here again, the overhanging edge sections 21, 21a, 21b, and 21c may be provided at either or both sides of skins 17 and 18, as depicted in FIGURE 5.
The present panel is preferably constructed from rolls of standard, commercially available rectangu-; lar wire mesh cloth. A 2-inch by 4-inch spacing of 12-1/2 gauge steel wires is quite satisfactory for present purposes. Rolls of this material may be obtained in various widths to provide the desired width dimension of panel 16 with one or more overhanging edge sections.
The truss members 19 may be composed of 12-gauge steel wire fabricated in a length to suit. A plurality of these trusses may be mounted in a jig making u2 the nominal widthwise dimension of the panel, and the wire cloth skins are positioned in the spaced-apart planes per-pendicular to the truss members, and the truss members are spot welded to the longitudinal wires 2~, as seen in _5_ ~79~1 1 FIGURE 2. Normally, a pair of truss members define the opposite sides of the panel.
Typically, in panels of this type, an interior partition is carried on the truss members for support of concrete to be applied to the panels. The present panel uses, for this purpose, a sheet of common building paper 26, as also shown in the above-noted patent application.
FIGURE 6 illustrates the use of the box beam of the present invention with a single f'ange 22, and em-bodied in a structure having a monolithic wall 27,foundation 28, and slab floor 29 construction. A founda-tion trench 31 is dug adjacent to the earth grade 32, which will form the base for the slab floor 29, and box beam 16 is mounted in trench 6 with edge section 22 lowermost, and extended laterally from the panel for wire mesh reinforcing of the joint between the panel and foundation. Typically, foundation 28 is poured and wall 27 is sprayed as a two-step operation following closely together so that when the wall is sprayed, the wet con-crete mixes with the still moist concrete in the footing.
Slab 29 may be poured at any convenient subsequent time in the construction of the building. An alternative form of wall and foundation structure is illustrated in FIGURE 11, wherein wire mesh extensions 22 and 22b are provided at the lower end of panel 16m, and the panel is mounted in the middle of a foundation trench 31_ with mesh extensions 22 and 22b deployed laterally to the trench in opposite directions to provide wire mesh reinforcing of the joint between the panel and foundation.
~ 30 A further alternative is illustrated in : FIGURE 7, wherein the mesh extension 22_ on panel 16a erected in trench 31b is provided with a length extending through the trench and into overlying position on the earth grade 32a for providing a continuous wire mesh reinforcement cGnnecting the slab floor 29_, foundation 28a, and the wall 27_. An excellent preferred -6~ 79~
1 construction, as depicted in FIGURE 7, is to mount a second box beam panel 16b on grade 32 which is formed with an underlying wire cloth skin superimposed on mesh section 22_, thus better providing and tying in integral reinforcement in floor slab 29a.
The foregoing wall and foundation structures work well for basement walls, retaining walls, wind barrier fences, patio walls, swimming pool walls, and the like, in which case the slab foundation and wall should be "gunited" or cemented at the same time. In the struc-ture illustrated in FIGURE 7, the mesh ties together the several structural parts, and the mesh is selected of a wire size and spacing which closely matches the strength of the concrete, thus obtaining a very uniform distribu-tion of force flow and minimizing the propensity of the concrete to crack a~long the lines of reinforcing members where heavier reinforcing rods are used. In the structure shown in FIGURE 7, box beam 16a is provided with a second flange 22i at its upper end which is bent out at right angles to underlie a top horizontally disposed box beam panel 16c. Mesh extension 22i may be secured to the underlying wire mesh skin 18c of box beam panel 16c by tie wires, hog rings or the like, similar to the secure-ment of flange extension 22d to the underside of box beam 16_. Typically, concrete is sprayed by the well known "gunite" technique, the first coat being applied against the vapor barrier partiGn 26, making a layer approximately 1 inch thick and trapping one of the mesh skins of the box beam. Usually this is done from the outside of the building. Then after installation of wiring, plumbing, etc., the wall is finished by spraying concrete from the opposite, inner side, so as to trap the opposite wire mesh screen in a concrete wall of approximately one-inch thickness. ~ second vapor barrier (not shown) may be incorporated within the box beam juxtaposed to wire mesh skin 18.
_7_ 1~7~1 1 Generally, the wire mesh extension of one box beam will be ~ounted in overlapping engagement with the wire mesh skin of a contiguous box beam so as to provide a continuous wire mesh reinforcement carrying through the joint between the panels. A variety of this type of structure is illustrated in the remaining figures of the drawing. In FIGURE 8 wire mesh extens~n 21~ on panel 16e laps over and is fastened to skin 17a of panel 16_, and mesh extension 22f on panel 16d laps over skin 18e of panel 16e. As will be observed from FIGURE 8, panel 16_ is provided at its opposite side with a mesh extension 21e for lapping the next panel (not shown) to be erected.
Similarly, panel 16f on an adjacent side of the building is provided with a nesh extenslon 21f for connection to the next adjacent partition (not shown) to be erected.
The mesh extensions may be used for connection of panels which are mounted in angularly intersecting planes, as illustrated in FIGURES 7, 9, 10 and 11. This structure is particularly useful where the mesh extensions are provided at the same side of one o~ the box beams so as to provide a beam-type reinforcement for roofs, FIGURE 9; floors and ceilings, FIGURE 10; and for inter-secting walls, FIGURE 11. In such cases, the mesh exten-sions are bent out laterally in opposite directions and mounted in face-to-face engagement with the skin or skins of the contiguous panels to provide continuous joint reinforcement therebetween. In the structure illustrated in FIGURE 9, a pair of panels 16g and 16h are mounted to provide the intersecting sides of a roof peak 36, and panel 16i is mounted interiorly of peak 36 and is formed with wire mesh extensions 21g and 21h lapping the interior wire mesh skins of panels 16g and 16h and disposing panels 16i as a horizontally extending and depending roof beam supporting the roof structure. Steel reinforcing rods 37 may be mounted in the bottom of the beam to carry the tension load.
- , 7C~
1 In the arrangement shown in ~IGU~E 10, a box beam 16i is applied in a manner somewhat similar to that shown in FIGURE 9 to the underside of a horizontally dis-posed box beam 16k, the latter typically providing a floor or ceiling of a building and panel 16i providing a beam support therefor. As illustrated in FIGURE 10, beam 16i is provided with mesh extensions 21i and 21i which are bent laterally from the top of panel 16i in opposite directions and fastened by tie wires, hog rings, or the like, to the bottom wire mesh skin 17b of panel 16k. In a somewhat similar construction, the mesh exten-sions 22g and 22_ on box beam 16m in FIGURE 11 are extend-ed laterally from the upper end of the panels so as to underlie and be secured to the bottom wire mesh skin 17c of horizontally disposed panel 16_ forming a ceiling wall of the building.
The structures shown in FIGURES 9, 10, and 11 are illustrated in vertical cross-section. ~owever, due to the universality of the panel connections, these struc-tures are equally effective when rotated 90 and seen intop plan view. In the latter case, panels 16g, 16h, 16k, and 16n may constitute exterior vertical walls; panels 16i and 161, vertical posts; and panel 16m, a vertical wall. Similarly, while panels 16i and 16i are here illustrated as horizontally e~tending beams, such panels ; with top and bottom wire mesh extensions may be strapped onto walls to provide either horizontal beams or vertical posts.
Advantage of the wire mesh extension is taken to obtain an improved corner construction, as illustrated in FIGURES 8 and 12. As here shown, panel 16e is pro-vided with mesh extension 21k which laps one end 41 of panel 16f, which is mounted in abutment to the end of panel 16e to define a corner. Mesh extension 21k is bent outwardly from the corner at about 45 and an angle mesh plasterer's corner bead 43 is mounted on, and extends ~7~
_9_ 1 longitudinally of, the distal edge of the mesh extension in spaced parallel relation to the corner. The conven-tional plasterer's corner bead is formed with an arcuate socket or groove which may be snapped onto the free edge of mesh extension 21k. The corner sections, as illustrated in FIGURES 8 and 12, are preferably poured solid to provide maximum strength posts at the corner of the building structure.
In general, the wire mesh extensions transmit the stress of the skin from one box beam monolithic sheet to the adjacent one. Instead of being two separate individual rectangular plates of concrete, the wire mesh extensions establish one much stronger sheet of concrete virtually with an unbroken stress pattern. Accordingly, cracking along the joint will be resisted until very high, virtually catastrophic forces occur. In short, instead of concentrating displacements along a joint, the forces or stresses that will tend to cause the wall or other structure to come apart are distributed over the entire surface or uniformly, thereby avoiding cracking and brea~ing.
The dash lines in each of the views show the c~ncrete wall section which is sprayed, or otherwise applied, to the wire mesh skins of the panel.
.
Claims (9)
1. A box beam building panel comprising:
a pair of exterior open wire mesh skins each composed of a plurality of transversely spaced longitu-dinally extending wires and a plurality of longitudinally spaced transversely extending wires welded thereto;
a plurality of sinuous truss wires extending between and having their apexes welded to said longitu-dinal wires and supporting said skins in spaced apart substantially parallel planes and providing continuous transmission of stress between said truss wires and said skin wires;
an interior partition mounted between said skins and functioning as a backing for concrete applied to said skins for forming solid continuous concrete walls extend-ing internally and externally of said skins and with said skins and apexes embedded centrally as reinforcement therein; and said truss members being terminated short of an edge section of one of said skins to define a side of said panel having a free-standing wire mesh extension adapted for lapping a skin of a contiguous panel for embedding therewith medially within a monolithic continuation of one of said walls.
a pair of exterior open wire mesh skins each composed of a plurality of transversely spaced longitu-dinally extending wires and a plurality of longitudinally spaced transversely extending wires welded thereto;
a plurality of sinuous truss wires extending between and having their apexes welded to said longitu-dinal wires and supporting said skins in spaced apart substantially parallel planes and providing continuous transmission of stress between said truss wires and said skin wires;
an interior partition mounted between said skins and functioning as a backing for concrete applied to said skins for forming solid continuous concrete walls extend-ing internally and externally of said skins and with said skins and apexes embedded centrally as reinforcement therein; and said truss members being terminated short of an edge section of one of said skins to define a side of said panel having a free-standing wire mesh extension adapted for lapping a skin of a contiguous panel for embedding therewith medially within a monolithic continuation of one of said walls.
2. The structure of claim 1, and a building foundation having a foundation trench;
said panel being mounted in said trench with said edge section lowermost and said mesh extension positioned laterally and upwardly within said trench; and concrete emplaced in said trench to provide said foundation with said extension embedded medially therein and said foundation and said concrete walls forming a continuous monolithic structure.
said panel being mounted in said trench with said edge section lowermost and said mesh extension positioned laterally and upwardly within said trench; and concrete emplaced in said trench to provide said foundation with said extension embedded medially therein and said foundation and said concrete walls forming a continuous monolithic structure.
3. The structure of claim 2, and a contiguous interior concrete floor; and said extension having a length extending through said trench and into an embedded position in said floor for making integral and reinforcing the joint between said panel, foundation, and floor.
4. The structure of claim 3, and a second box beam panel having an exterior wire mesh skin superimposed on and connected to said extension and embedded therewith in said floor.
5. The structure of claim 1, and a second box beam building panel mounted contiguous to said side and having an exterior wire mesh skin in face-to-face contact with and secured to said extension for embedding there-with medially within a monolithic continuation of one of said walls.
6. The structure of claim 2, said panel being formed with a second wire mesh extension on the opposite skin and being deployed laterally and upwardly within said trench on the side of said panel opposite to said first-named extension and embedded medially within said foundation.
7. A horizontally spanning wall and a beam support therefor comprising:
a pair of box beam panels each comprising:
a pair of exterior open-wire mesh skins each composed of a plurality of transversely spaced, longitudinally extending wires and a plurality of longitudinally spaced transversely extending wires welded thereto;
a plurality of sinuous truss wires extend-ing between and having their apexes welded to said longitudinal wires and supporting said skins in spaced-apart parallel planes and providing con-tinuous transmission of stress between said truss wires and skin wires;
an interior partition mounted between said skins and functioning as a backing for concrete applied to said skins for forming solid continuous concrete walls extending internally and externally of said skins and with said skins and apexes embedded centrally as reinforcement therein;
a first of said panels being mounted with its said skins disposed in substantially horizontal planes;
a second of said panels providing said beam support and having its said truss members terminated short of edge sections of its said skins to define a pair of free-standing wire mesh extensions; and said second panel being mounted with its said skins in substantially vertical planes and with said edge sections in abutment with one of said first panel skins with said wire mesh extensions positioned laterally in opposite directions and in face-to-face engagement with and being attached to said last-named skin; said over-lapping extensions and skin being formed for passage of concrete therethrough to said backing to form a solid continuous concrete wall extending internally and extern-ally of said overlapping extensions and skin with the latter embedded centrally in said wall.
a pair of box beam panels each comprising:
a pair of exterior open-wire mesh skins each composed of a plurality of transversely spaced, longitudinally extending wires and a plurality of longitudinally spaced transversely extending wires welded thereto;
a plurality of sinuous truss wires extend-ing between and having their apexes welded to said longitudinal wires and supporting said skins in spaced-apart parallel planes and providing con-tinuous transmission of stress between said truss wires and skin wires;
an interior partition mounted between said skins and functioning as a backing for concrete applied to said skins for forming solid continuous concrete walls extending internally and externally of said skins and with said skins and apexes embedded centrally as reinforcement therein;
a first of said panels being mounted with its said skins disposed in substantially horizontal planes;
a second of said panels providing said beam support and having its said truss members terminated short of edge sections of its said skins to define a pair of free-standing wire mesh extensions; and said second panel being mounted with its said skins in substantially vertical planes and with said edge sections in abutment with one of said first panel skins with said wire mesh extensions positioned laterally in opposite directions and in face-to-face engagement with and being attached to said last-named skin; said over-lapping extensions and skin being formed for passage of concrete therethrough to said backing to form a solid continuous concrete wall extending internally and extern-ally of said overlapping extensions and skin with the latter embedded centrally in said wall.
8. The structure of claim 7 comprising a pair of said first panels mounted to provide the intersecting sides of a roof peak; and said second panel being mounted interiorly of said peak and with said wire mesh extensions lapping the interior surfaces of said first panels adjacent said peak.
9. A building corner construction comprising:
a first box beam panel having exterior wire cloth skins and a plurality of sinuous wire truss members extending between and secured to and supporting said skins in spaced-apart parallel planes, said panel being erected to define a wall section;
a second box beam panel having exterior wire cloth skins and a plurality of sinuous wire truss mem-bers extending between and secured to and supporting said last-named skins in spaced-apart substantially parallel planes;
said last-named truss members being terminated short of an edge section of one of said last-named skins to define a side of said second panel having a free-standing wire mesh extension thereat, said side being mounted in abutment with an end of said first panel to define a corner with said mesh extension lapping said end and extending outwardly from said corner; and an angle mesh plasterer's corner bead mounted on and extending longitudinally of the distal edge of said mesh extension in spaced parallel relation to said corner.
a first box beam panel having exterior wire cloth skins and a plurality of sinuous wire truss members extending between and secured to and supporting said skins in spaced-apart parallel planes, said panel being erected to define a wall section;
a second box beam panel having exterior wire cloth skins and a plurality of sinuous wire truss mem-bers extending between and secured to and supporting said last-named skins in spaced-apart substantially parallel planes;
said last-named truss members being terminated short of an edge section of one of said last-named skins to define a side of said second panel having a free-standing wire mesh extension thereat, said side being mounted in abutment with an end of said first panel to define a corner with said mesh extension lapping said end and extending outwardly from said corner; and an angle mesh plasterer's corner bead mounted on and extending longitudinally of the distal edge of said mesh extension in spaced parallel relation to said corner.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US90450678A | 1978-05-10 | 1978-05-10 | |
| US904,506 | 1978-05-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1107981A true CA1107981A (en) | 1981-09-01 |
Family
ID=25419270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA327,371A Expired CA1107981A (en) | 1978-05-10 | 1979-05-10 | Box beam building structure |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54149214A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1107981A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2918925A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2425514A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2022673A (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO832425L (en) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-01-07 | Elkem As | BUILDING ELEMENT OR BUILDING PART MANUFACTURED FROM ARMED CONCRETE AND PROCEDURE FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
| GB2147331B (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1987-04-29 | Chen Kai Nan | Insulating panel |
| JPH0633647B2 (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1994-05-02 | 清水建設株式会社 | Lightweight panel composed of three-dimensional wire and mesh truss |
| JPS62228537A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-07 | 清水建設株式会社 | Construction of light weight panel and three-dimensional wire mesh truss used therein |
| GB2196357A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-27 | James Graham Malcolm | Construction of vaults |
| GB2196660B (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1991-06-26 | Shimizu Construction Co Ltd | Wire mesh truss used as building wall element |
| JPH0711155B2 (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1995-02-08 | 東方ユニット研究所 | How to build a building with a basement |
| JPH0735667B2 (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1995-04-19 | 株式会社東方ユニット研究所 | How to build a building |
| AU1855000A (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-31 | Bairen Deng | Reinforced concrete structure with triangle shape with transmitting force in multi-direction |
-
1979
- 1979-05-10 CA CA327,371A patent/CA1107981A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-10 JP JP5758379A patent/JPS54149214A/en active Pending
- 1979-05-10 FR FR7911908A patent/FR2425514A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-05-10 DE DE19792918925 patent/DE2918925A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-05-10 GB GB7916147A patent/GB2022673A/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2425514A1 (en) | 1979-12-07 |
| GB2022673A (en) | 1979-12-19 |
| DE2918925A1 (en) | 1979-11-15 |
| JPS54149214A (en) | 1979-11-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |