CA1103616A - Diaphragms from discrete thermoplastic fibers requiring no bonding or cementing - Google Patents
Diaphragms from discrete thermoplastic fibers requiring no bonding or cementingInfo
- Publication number
- CA1103616A CA1103616A CA249,095A CA249095A CA1103616A CA 1103616 A CA1103616 A CA 1103616A CA 249095 A CA249095 A CA 249095A CA 1103616 A CA1103616 A CA 1103616A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- diaphragm
- acetone
- water
- slurry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(C)=O OVARTBFNCCXQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical group FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 210000000188 diaphragm Anatomy 0.000 description 20
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 206010001497 Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100459439 Caenorhabditis elegans nac-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005682 EO-PO block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000010375 Talinum crassifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015055 Talinum crassifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DJZKNOVUNYPPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-1,4,11,14-tetracarboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCC(C(N)=O)CCCCCCC(C(N)=O)CCCC(N)=O DJZKNOVUNYPPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
- C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
- C25B13/08—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US566,911 | 1975-04-10 | ||
| US05/566,911 US4036729A (en) | 1975-04-10 | 1975-04-10 | Diaphragms from discrete thermoplastic fibers requiring no bonding or cementing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1103616A true CA1103616A (en) | 1981-06-23 |
Family
ID=24264923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA249,095A Expired CA1103616A (en) | 1975-04-10 | 1976-03-29 | Diaphragms from discrete thermoplastic fibers requiring no bonding or cementing |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US4036729A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS51124675A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1103616A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2615145A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2307058A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1540422A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1057486B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7603655A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4036729A (en) * | 1975-04-10 | 1977-07-19 | Patil Arvind S | Diaphragms from discrete thermoplastic fibers requiring no bonding or cementing |
| US4175023A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1979-11-20 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Combined cathode and diaphragm unit for electrolytic cells |
| US4126535A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1978-11-21 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Chlorotrifluoroethylene containing polymer diaphragm |
| US4183793A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1980-01-15 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Electrolysis of alkali-metal halides |
| US4126536A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-11-21 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Diaphragms for chlor-alkali cells |
| JPS53149881A (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1978-12-27 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Strengthened cation exchange resin membrane and production thereof |
| IT1110461B (it) * | 1978-03-01 | 1985-12-23 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti | Membrane anioniche costituite da copolimeri di (2) o (4)-vinilpiridina con divinilbenzene o con monomeri vinilici alogenati |
| US4289600A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1981-09-15 | Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. | Microporous membrane materials |
| ZA793535B (en) * | 1978-07-31 | 1980-07-30 | Solvay | Permeable diaphragm for an electrochemical cell |
| US4252878A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1981-02-24 | Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. | Processes of wetting hydrophobic fluoropolymer separators |
| FR2485041A1 (fr) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-12-24 | Solvay | Diaphragme permeable en matiere polymerique organique pour cellule d'electrolyse de solutions aqueuses d'halogenure de metal alcalin |
| US4426272A (en) | 1980-09-02 | 1984-01-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrolytic cell vermiculite diaphragms |
| US4366041A (en) * | 1981-02-18 | 1982-12-28 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of preparing a cathode-diaphragm unit |
| NO148267C (no) * | 1981-06-16 | 1983-09-07 | Norsk Hydro As | Diafragma for vannelektrolyse |
| US4464238A (en) * | 1983-05-09 | 1984-08-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Porous separators for electrolytic processes |
| US4517064A (en) * | 1983-09-23 | 1985-05-14 | Duval Corporation | Electrolytic cell |
| US4853101A (en) * | 1984-09-17 | 1989-08-01 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Porous separator comprising inorganic/polymer composite fiber and method of making same |
| MX169225B (es) * | 1984-09-17 | 1993-06-24 | Eltech Systems Corp | Compuesto de fibras no organicas/polimero metodo para elaborarlo y uso del mismo, incluyendo un separador dimensionalmente estable |
| US4666573A (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-05-19 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Synthetic diaphragm and process of use thereof |
| EP0261832B1 (en) * | 1986-09-08 | 1992-07-15 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Synthetic pulp and absorbent comprising the same |
| US4720334A (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1988-01-19 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Diaphragm for electrolytic cell |
| CA2057826C (en) * | 1991-01-03 | 1998-09-01 | Donald W. Dubois | Method of operating chlor-alkali cells |
| AU3603393A (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1993-09-03 | Dow Chemical Company, The | Separators for electrolytic cells and processes for making |
| US20020018754A1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2002-02-14 | Paul Albert Sagel | Shapes for tooth whitening strips |
| US6096328A (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 2000-08-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Delivery system for an oral care substance using a strip of material having low flexural stiffness |
| US6582708B1 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2003-06-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening substance |
| US6059944A (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-05-09 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Diaphragm for electrolytic cell |
| AU5907300A (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2001-01-22 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Compositions comprising organosiloxane resins for delivering xylitol to the oralcavity |
| WO2002000182A2 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2002-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Structures and compositions increasing the stability of peroxide actives |
| US6949240B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2005-09-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening products |
| US20050019277A1 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2005-01-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening products |
| US20050100515A1 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2005-05-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening products |
| US20040120903A1 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-06-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening strips |
| US8524200B2 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2013-09-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening products |
| US7329332B2 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2008-02-12 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Diaphragm for electrolytic cell |
| US7618527B2 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2009-11-17 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Method of operating a diaphragm electrolytic cell |
| US8784620B2 (en) | 2010-05-13 | 2014-07-22 | Axiall Ohio, Inc. | Method of operating a diaphragm electrolytic cell |
| CA2888199C (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2019-06-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Strip for the delivery of an oral care active and methods for applying oral care actives |
| CN114774988A (zh) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-07-22 | 清华大学 | 电解槽复合隔膜、制备方法、碱性电解水制氢装置及应用 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1862244A (en) * | 1932-06-07 | K e stuart | ||
| US1865152A (en) * | 1930-01-31 | 1932-06-28 | Hooker Electrochemical Co | Production of electrolytic cathode-diaphragm structures |
| NL274822A (enExample) * | 1961-06-12 | |||
| US3235636A (en) * | 1963-04-11 | 1966-02-15 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Method of molding teflon |
| US3407096A (en) * | 1966-01-25 | 1968-10-22 | American Cyanamid Co | Fuel cell and method for preparing the electrodes |
| US3694281A (en) * | 1969-04-28 | 1972-09-26 | Pullman Inc | Process for forming a diaphragm for use in an electrolytic cell |
| FR2100878B1 (enExample) * | 1970-07-09 | 1973-06-29 | Nippon Soda Co | |
| US3674696A (en) * | 1970-12-30 | 1972-07-04 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Gaseous dielectric materials |
| US3853721A (en) * | 1971-09-09 | 1974-12-10 | Ppg Industries Inc | Process for electrolysing brine |
| US3803016A (en) * | 1972-02-09 | 1974-04-09 | Fmc Corp | Electrolytic cell having adjustable anode sections |
| BE795724A (fr) | 1972-02-25 | 1973-08-21 | Basf Ag | Procede et dispositif de fabrication de fibres courtes en matieres synthetiques thermoplastiques |
| FR2229739B1 (enExample) * | 1973-05-18 | 1976-09-17 | Rhone Progil | |
| BE800949A (fr) * | 1973-06-15 | 1973-10-01 | Solvay | Diaphragme pour une cellule d'electrolyse |
| US3928166A (en) * | 1974-03-01 | 1975-12-23 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | Dimensionally adjustable anode-dimensionally stable diaphragm combination for electrolytic cells |
| US3966576A (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1976-06-29 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrophoretic deposition of asbestos diaphragms |
| US4036729A (en) * | 1975-04-10 | 1977-07-19 | Patil Arvind S | Diaphragms from discrete thermoplastic fibers requiring no bonding or cementing |
-
1975
- 1975-04-10 US US05/566,911 patent/US4036729A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-03-29 CA CA249,095A patent/CA1103616A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-04-07 NL NL7603655A patent/NL7603655A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-04-07 DE DE19762615145 patent/DE2615145A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-04-08 IT IT48927/76A patent/IT1057486B/it active
- 1976-04-09 GB GB14505/76A patent/GB1540422A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-04-09 FR FR7610459A patent/FR2307058A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-04-10 JP JP51039834A patent/JPS51124675A/ja active Pending
-
1977
- 1977-04-27 US US05/791,497 patent/US4125451A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-07-05 US US05/812,684 patent/US4138314A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-07-14 US US05/924,699 patent/US4154666A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1540422A (en) | 1979-02-14 |
| IT1057486B (it) | 1982-03-10 |
| JPS51124675A (en) | 1976-10-30 |
| US4138314A (en) | 1979-02-06 |
| DE2615145A1 (de) | 1976-10-14 |
| US4036729A (en) | 1977-07-19 |
| US4125451A (en) | 1978-11-14 |
| FR2307058A1 (fr) | 1976-11-05 |
| US4154666A (en) | 1979-05-15 |
| NL7603655A (nl) | 1976-10-12 |
| FR2307058B1 (enExample) | 1980-10-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |