CA1099441A - Polysiloxane packed gas chromatographic columns - Google Patents
Polysiloxane packed gas chromatographic columnsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1099441A CA1099441A CA292,478A CA292478A CA1099441A CA 1099441 A CA1099441 A CA 1099441A CA 292478 A CA292478 A CA 292478A CA 1099441 A CA1099441 A CA 1099441A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- mesh
- gas chromatography
- particulate
- rsio3
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- -1 Polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910020485 SiO4/2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001558 organosilicon polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910020487 SiO3/2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001872 inorganic gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(phenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15824876A JPS5383680A (en) | 1976-12-29 | 1976-12-29 | Filler for gas separation column |
| JP158248/76 | 1976-12-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1099441A true CA1099441A (en) | 1981-04-14 |
Family
ID=15667479
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA292,478A Expired CA1099441A (en) | 1976-12-29 | 1977-12-06 | Polysiloxane packed gas chromatographic columns |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4145506A (show.php) |
| JP (1) | JPS5383680A (show.php) |
| CA (1) | CA1099441A (show.php) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA814216B (en) * | 1980-06-27 | 1982-07-28 | Akzo Nv | Porous inorganic support material coated with an organic stationary phase for use in chromatography and process for its preparation |
| JPS60186698U (ja) * | 1984-05-18 | 1985-12-11 | 日立照明株式会社 | けい光灯照明器具 |
| US4648260A (en) * | 1985-05-20 | 1987-03-10 | Mark Telephone Products, Inc. | Helium detector |
| US4743377A (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1988-05-10 | Shiseido Company Ltd. | Packing material for liquid chromatography |
| JP2874297B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-18 | 1999-03-24 | 東ソー株式会社 | 逆相クロマトグラフィー用充填剤及びその製造方法 |
| US5360878A (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1994-11-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Highly crosslinked silicon polymers for gas chromatography columns |
| US5637135A (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-06-10 | Capillary Technology Corporation | Chromatographic stationary phases and adsorbents from hybrid organic-inorganic sol-gels |
| CN108226360A (zh) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-29 | 四川环科检测技术有限公司 | 一种测定空气中丙酮的方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3354095A (en) * | 1964-07-23 | 1967-11-21 | Owens Illinois Inc | Solid, substantially spherical, hard particles and preparation thereof |
| FR1472047A (fr) * | 1965-06-29 | 1967-03-10 | Soc Ind Des Silicones | Polycondensats de silanes et procédé de préparation desdits polycondensats |
| US3395117A (en) * | 1966-04-27 | 1968-07-30 | Owens Illinois Inc | Organopolysiloxane compositions and processes for the preparation of the same |
| US3450672A (en) * | 1967-01-12 | 1969-06-17 | Gen Electric | Organosilsesquioxanes and a method for making them |
| US3414540A (en) * | 1967-05-11 | 1968-12-03 | Owens Illinois Inc | Methods of making organopolysiloxane flakes |
| US3496126A (en) * | 1967-10-10 | 1970-02-17 | Owens Illinois Inc | Process for preparing organopolysiloxane beads |
| US3642693A (en) * | 1968-04-08 | 1972-02-15 | Owens Illinois Inc | Methods for preparing organopolysiloxanes using group ii-a metal hydrolysis catalysts |
| US3795313A (en) * | 1970-05-22 | 1974-03-05 | Du Pont | Chromatographic packing with chemically bonded organic stationary phases |
| DE2357184A1 (de) * | 1973-11-16 | 1975-05-22 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von organisch modifizierten siliciumdioxiden |
| US4026868A (en) * | 1975-11-10 | 1977-05-31 | General Electric Company | Process for producing a low viscosity silicone resin |
-
1976
- 1976-12-29 JP JP15824876A patent/JPS5383680A/ja active Granted
-
1977
- 1977-11-04 US US05/848,532 patent/US4145506A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-12-06 CA CA292,478A patent/CA1099441A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5651297B2 (show.php) | 1981-12-04 |
| JPS5383680A (en) | 1978-07-24 |
| US4145506A (en) | 1979-03-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1328141C (en) | Spherical polymer tertiary or secondary organosiloxaneamine compounds | |
| US3795313A (en) | Chromatographic packing with chemically bonded organic stationary phases | |
| US3722181A (en) | Chromatographic packing with chemically bonded organic stationary phases | |
| US4064154A (en) | Catalysts and carriers therefor | |
| US5583085A (en) | Preparation of dehydroxylated supports | |
| Nawrocki | Silica surface controversies, strong adsorption sites, their blockage and removal. Part II | |
| CA1099441A (en) | Polysiloxane packed gas chromatographic columns | |
| CA1333733C (en) | Method for making cyclic poly(siloxane)s | |
| EP0268243A2 (en) | Packing material and process for its production | |
| CA1053650A (en) | Catalysts and carriers therefor | |
| JPH0319237B2 (show.php) | ||
| US10335767B2 (en) | Sol-gel polymeric stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography and solid phase extraction: their method of making | |
| JP5455895B2 (ja) | シリカゲル材料の再被覆方法 | |
| US3839385A (en) | Organo-silicon modified silica gel particles | |
| US5391531A (en) | Preparation of dehydroxlated supports | |
| US3639498A (en) | Preparation of crosslinked organopolysiloxanes in a suspension medium | |
| JPH025682B2 (show.php) | ||
| CN1130375A (zh) | 旋光异构体分离剂 | |
| Palframan et al. | Techniques in gas chromatography. Part I. Choice of solid supports. A review | |
| EP0776901B1 (en) | Process for separation of dimethyldichlorosilane from methyltrichlorosilane | |
| JPH08319352A (ja) | オルガノポリシロキサンの精製方法 | |
| GB1567096A (en) | Process for removing biphenyls from | |
| JP3862007B2 (ja) | スルホン化樹脂触媒の再活性化方法 | |
| SU857860A1 (ru) | Способ получени сорбента дл хроматографии | |
| US5567836A (en) | Process for separation of methyltrichlorosilane from dimethyldichlorosilane |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |