CA1096135A - Process for lowering the sulfur content of vanadium- carbon materials used as additions to steel - Google Patents
Process for lowering the sulfur content of vanadium- carbon materials used as additions to steelInfo
- Publication number
- CA1096135A CA1096135A CA280,822A CA280822A CA1096135A CA 1096135 A CA1096135 A CA 1096135A CA 280822 A CA280822 A CA 280822A CA 1096135 A CA1096135 A CA 1096135A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- vanadium
- sulfur
- mixture
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
PROCESS FOR LOWERING THE SULFUR
CONTENT OF VANADIUM-CARBON
MATERIALS USED AS ADDITIONS TO STEEL
Abstract of the Disclosure Vanadium-carbon materials for use as additions to steel have been produced by the vacuum furnacing of a mixture of vanadium oxide and carbon. To lower the sulfur content of such material, which derives essentially from the sulfur content of the carbon in the mixture, a relatively small quantity of silicon, silica or tin is included in the mixture prior to vacuum furnacing.
S P E C I F I C A T I O N
1.
CONTENT OF VANADIUM-CARBON
MATERIALS USED AS ADDITIONS TO STEEL
Abstract of the Disclosure Vanadium-carbon materials for use as additions to steel have been produced by the vacuum furnacing of a mixture of vanadium oxide and carbon. To lower the sulfur content of such material, which derives essentially from the sulfur content of the carbon in the mixture, a relatively small quantity of silicon, silica or tin is included in the mixture prior to vacuum furnacing.
S P E C I F I C A T I O N
1.
Description
The present invention is directed to a method for lowering the sulfur content in materials containing vanadium and carbon which are produced by the vacuum furnacing of a mixture of vanadium oxide and carbon.
Vanadium-carbon materials of the type noted above are produced by the high temperature vacuum furnacing of vanadium oxide and carbon as described for example in U.S. Patent 3,334,992 - J. H. Downing and R. F, Merkert, The vanadium-carbon materials disclosed in the above-noted patent are produced by a method which includes the steps of mixing of V203 and carbon, compacting the mixture into briquets and vacuum fur-nacing the mixture at elevated temperatures, e.g.
1200C to 1400C at a pressure of less than about 300 microns, to produce a product in which is sub-stantially all in th~ form of combined vanadium and carbon. This material is widely used as a vanadium source addition to molten steel. It has been found that the sulfur content of such vanadium-carbon product is on the order of about 1/3 sulfur content of the starting mixture of V203 and carbon, the sulfur content of the starting mixture being essentially due to the sulfur content of the carbon source, e.g. coal, carbon black and the like.
Vanadium-carbon materials of the type noted above are produced by the high temperature vacuum furnacing of vanadium oxide and carbon as described for example in U.S. Patent 3,334,992 - J. H. Downing and R. F, Merkert, The vanadium-carbon materials disclosed in the above-noted patent are produced by a method which includes the steps of mixing of V203 and carbon, compacting the mixture into briquets and vacuum fur-nacing the mixture at elevated temperatures, e.g.
1200C to 1400C at a pressure of less than about 300 microns, to produce a product in which is sub-stantially all in th~ form of combined vanadium and carbon. This material is widely used as a vanadium source addition to molten steel. It has been found that the sulfur content of such vanadium-carbon product is on the order of about 1/3 sulfur content of the starting mixture of V203 and carbon, the sulfur content of the starting mixture being essentially due to the sulfur content of the carbon source, e.g. coal, carbon black and the like.
2.
q~
9~09 1~9~13S
Since it is undesirable to add sulfur im-purities to steel, it is important to lower the sulfur content of vanadium-carbon materials as des-cribed above, particularly when low sulfur carbon materials are not readily available.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for lowering the sulfur content of vanadium-carbon materials produced by the vacuum furnacing of a mixture of a vanadium oxide and carbon.
Other objects will be apparent from the following description and claims.
A method in accordance with the present in-vention comprises including in a mixture of vanadium oxide and carbon which contains sulfur as an impurity, a minor proportion of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicon, silica and tin, and vacuum furnacing said mixture to provide a material which is substantially all in the form of combined vanadium and carbon, i,e. at least about 80% by weight, and which has a sulfur content substantially lower than that of the starting mixture.
In the practice of a particular embodiment of the present invention, a mixture of finely divided V203 and carbon is prepared and at least one of a finely divided material selected from the group of silicon, silica and tin is included in the mixture.
The aggregate amount selected material, when the selected material is tin, is from about 1 to 5 times the weight of sulfur in the carbon constituent of mixture. When the selected material is silicon or silica, the aggregate amount of the silicon present is about 1 to 9 times the weight of sulfur in the carbon constituent of the mixture.
The mixture
q~
9~09 1~9~13S
Since it is undesirable to add sulfur im-purities to steel, it is important to lower the sulfur content of vanadium-carbon materials as des-cribed above, particularly when low sulfur carbon materials are not readily available.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for lowering the sulfur content of vanadium-carbon materials produced by the vacuum furnacing of a mixture of a vanadium oxide and carbon.
Other objects will be apparent from the following description and claims.
A method in accordance with the present in-vention comprises including in a mixture of vanadium oxide and carbon which contains sulfur as an impurity, a minor proportion of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicon, silica and tin, and vacuum furnacing said mixture to provide a material which is substantially all in the form of combined vanadium and carbon, i,e. at least about 80% by weight, and which has a sulfur content substantially lower than that of the starting mixture.
In the practice of a particular embodiment of the present invention, a mixture of finely divided V203 and carbon is prepared and at least one of a finely divided material selected from the group of silicon, silica and tin is included in the mixture.
The aggregate amount selected material, when the selected material is tin, is from about 1 to 5 times the weight of sulfur in the carbon constituent of mixture. When the selected material is silicon or silica, the aggregate amount of the silicon present is about 1 to 9 times the weight of sulfur in the carbon constituent of the mixture.
The mixture
3.
1~9~35 9509 is thereafter briquetted and subjected to a temperature in the range of about 1200C to 1400C in a vacuum furnace wherein the mixture constituents are reacted, the reaction being completed at a pressure of less than about 300 microns; the reaction time being sufficient to cause the carbon and V203 to combine and form a product ~` which is at least 80% by weight in the form of combined vanadium and carbon. The sulfur content of thus produced material will be less than about 0.05V/o by weight.
10The following example will further illustrate the present invention. The mesh sizes in the examples are U.S. Screen Series.
1~P96135 EXAMPLE I (895) A mix was prepared containing 1000 lbs. of V203 sized _2~, 335 lbs. of petroleum coke containing 0.65% sulfur sized -2~,20 lbs. of Mogul* binder (a cereal binder comprising gelatinized corn starch) and 23% water based on dry weight. Briquets sized 1-3/4" x 1-1/4 x 1" were prepared from the mix by pressing in a K-G
roll briquet press and drying at 225Fo The resulting briquets, in the amount of 3 lbs., were charged to a vacuum furnace having interior working dimensions of 711 x 12" x 40". The pressure in the furnace was re-duced to 175 microns and the furnace was heated to 1400C. Due to evolution of C0 the pressure rose to about 1600 microns. After about 8 hours at 1400C.
The pressure dropped to 100 microns and the furnace contents were then cooled to room temperature under a positive pressure of argon. The product briquets analyzed 8.49% combined carbon and 0.18% sulfur.
EXAMPLE II (902) Essentially the same procedure as in Example I was followed, except that the mix contained 1.7%
silicon based on the weight of V203 sized 200 M x D.
The resulting briquets contained 7~ 94% combined carbon and 0.013% sulfur.
EXAMPLE III (903) Essentially the same procedure as in Example I was followed, except that the mix contained 0.5% tin based on the weight of V203 sized 100 M x D. The re-sulting briquets contained 7.44% combined carbon and 0.042% sulfur.
*Trademark of Corn Products Company 1~9~;135 EXAMPLE IV (905) : Essentially the same procedure as in Example I was followed, except that the mix contained 3.6% SiO2 based on the weight of V203 sized 200 M x D.
The resulting briquets contained 9.34% combined carbon and 0.012% sulfur.
1~9~35 9509 is thereafter briquetted and subjected to a temperature in the range of about 1200C to 1400C in a vacuum furnace wherein the mixture constituents are reacted, the reaction being completed at a pressure of less than about 300 microns; the reaction time being sufficient to cause the carbon and V203 to combine and form a product ~` which is at least 80% by weight in the form of combined vanadium and carbon. The sulfur content of thus produced material will be less than about 0.05V/o by weight.
10The following example will further illustrate the present invention. The mesh sizes in the examples are U.S. Screen Series.
1~P96135 EXAMPLE I (895) A mix was prepared containing 1000 lbs. of V203 sized _2~, 335 lbs. of petroleum coke containing 0.65% sulfur sized -2~,20 lbs. of Mogul* binder (a cereal binder comprising gelatinized corn starch) and 23% water based on dry weight. Briquets sized 1-3/4" x 1-1/4 x 1" were prepared from the mix by pressing in a K-G
roll briquet press and drying at 225Fo The resulting briquets, in the amount of 3 lbs., were charged to a vacuum furnace having interior working dimensions of 711 x 12" x 40". The pressure in the furnace was re-duced to 175 microns and the furnace was heated to 1400C. Due to evolution of C0 the pressure rose to about 1600 microns. After about 8 hours at 1400C.
The pressure dropped to 100 microns and the furnace contents were then cooled to room temperature under a positive pressure of argon. The product briquets analyzed 8.49% combined carbon and 0.18% sulfur.
EXAMPLE II (902) Essentially the same procedure as in Example I was followed, except that the mix contained 1.7%
silicon based on the weight of V203 sized 200 M x D.
The resulting briquets contained 7~ 94% combined carbon and 0.013% sulfur.
EXAMPLE III (903) Essentially the same procedure as in Example I was followed, except that the mix contained 0.5% tin based on the weight of V203 sized 100 M x D. The re-sulting briquets contained 7.44% combined carbon and 0.042% sulfur.
*Trademark of Corn Products Company 1~9~;135 EXAMPLE IV (905) : Essentially the same procedure as in Example I was followed, except that the mix contained 3.6% SiO2 based on the weight of V203 sized 200 M x D.
The resulting briquets contained 9.34% combined carbon and 0.012% sulfur.
Claims (4)
1. In the manufacture of a vanadium and carbon containing material at least about 80% by weight being in the form of combined vanadium and carbon with the predominant proportion of combined vanadium being in the form of V2C and the atomic ratio of vanadium to carbon being in the range of 1.49 to 2.42, by vacuum furnacing of a mixture of vanadium oxide and a carbon source material contain-ing sulfur, the improvement for lowering the sulfur content of said material which comprises adding to said mixture prior to furnacing thereof at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicon, silica and tin wherein the aggregate amount of silicon and tin is from about 1 to 9 times by weight the amount of sulfur in the carbon constituent in the mix-ture of vanadium oxide and carbon.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said selected material is silicon wherein the amount of said silicon is from about 1 to 9 times by weight the amount of sulfur in the carbon constituent in the mixture of vanadium oxide and carbon.
3. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said selected material is silica wherein the amount of silicon present in said silica is from about 1 to 9 times by weight the amount of sulfur in the carbon constituent in the mixture of vanadium oxide and carbon.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said selected material is tin wherein the amount of said tin is from about 1 to 5 times by weight the amount of sulfur in the carbon constituent in the mix-ture of vanadium oxide and carbon.
7.
7.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US70047276A | 1976-06-28 | 1976-06-28 | |
| US700,472 | 1976-06-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1096135A true CA1096135A (en) | 1981-02-24 |
Family
ID=24813628
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA280,822A Expired CA1096135A (en) | 1976-06-28 | 1977-06-17 | Process for lowering the sulfur content of vanadium- carbon materials used as additions to steel |
Country Status (27)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS532400A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR214412A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT361228B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU504846B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE856156A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7704155A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1096135A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH622289A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS207461B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD131743A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2727559A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK284377A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES460122A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI69317C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2356734A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1580492A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU176035B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN147296B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1079718B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU77619A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX145912A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO151752C (en) |
| PH (1) | PH13010A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL111609B1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE440795B (en) |
| YU (1) | YU40002B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA773579B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ229777A (en) * | 1989-12-30 | 1991-08-27 | Nz Government | Method for manufacturing ceramic-metal composites |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2576763A (en) * | 1950-03-22 | 1951-11-27 | Climax Molybdenum Co | Vanadium containing briquettes |
| FR1422683A (en) * | 1965-01-26 | 1965-12-24 | Union Carbide Corp | Adding agent containing vanadium and its manufacturing process |
| FR1471448A (en) * | 1966-03-10 | 1967-03-03 | Vanadium Corp Of America | Manufacturing process of vanadium carbide briquettes |
| FR1562736A (en) * | 1967-05-29 | 1969-04-04 | ||
| US3982924A (en) * | 1971-05-26 | 1976-09-28 | Reading Alloys, Inc. | Process for producing carbide addition agents |
-
1977
- 1977-06-14 ZA ZA00773579A patent/ZA773579B/en unknown
- 1977-06-17 CA CA280,822A patent/CA1096135A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-18 DE DE19772727559 patent/DE2727559A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1977-06-23 YU YU1561/77A patent/YU40002B/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 BE BE178819A patent/BE856156A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-27 IN IN955/CAL/77A patent/IN147296B/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 IT IT49992/77A patent/IT1079718B/en active
- 1977-06-27 HU HU77UI262A patent/HU176035B/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 DK DK284377A patent/DK284377A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-06-27 MX MX169642A patent/MX145912A/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 FR FR7719641A patent/FR2356734A1/en active Granted
- 1977-06-27 ES ES460122A patent/ES460122A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-27 LU LU77619A patent/LU77619A1/xx unknown
- 1977-06-27 FI FI771991A patent/FI69317C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-27 PL PL1977199196A patent/PL111609B1/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 AU AU26488/77A patent/AU504846B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-27 NO NO772268A patent/NO151752C/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 SE SE7707391A patent/SE440795B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-27 PH PH19917A patent/PH13010A/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 BR BR7704155A patent/BR7704155A/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 CS CS774235A patent/CS207461B2/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 AR AR268200A patent/AR214412A1/en active
- 1977-06-27 JP JP7643677A patent/JPS532400A/en active Granted
- 1977-06-27 GB GB26795/77A patent/GB1580492A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-27 CH CH785677A patent/CH622289A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-27 DD DD7700199724A patent/DD131743A5/en unknown
- 1977-06-27 AT AT452477A patent/AT361228B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |