CA1092917A - Diesel fuel treating device and method - Google Patents
Diesel fuel treating device and methodInfo
- Publication number
- CA1092917A CA1092917A CA355,085A CA355085A CA1092917A CA 1092917 A CA1092917 A CA 1092917A CA 355085 A CA355085 A CA 355085A CA 1092917 A CA1092917 A CA 1092917A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- line
- fuel
- reflector
- adjacent
- magnet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/04—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
There is provided a novel method for improving the burnability of diesl fuel comprising subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to a first region of magnetic influence comprising a positive region followed by a first negative region; subjecting the fuel in said fuel line to a second region of negative magnetic influence and a device for carrying out the method.
There is provided a novel method for improving the burnability of diesl fuel comprising subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to a first region of magnetic influence comprising a positive region followed by a first negative region; subjecting the fuel in said fuel line to a second region of negative magnetic influence and a device for carrying out the method.
Description
29~
Ihis lnvention relates to a method and apparatus for magnetically treating diesel fuels to improve their burnability.
BACK~ROUND OF rH _INVENlION
Over the past few years the increasing costs and finite extent of petroleum fuels have led to a great rise in interest in energy conservation measures. One aspect of this development has been the search for methods of improving the efficiency of conven-tional internal combustion engines, incLuding diesel engines.
Concurrently, the deteriorating condition of the environment, a good measure of which has been blamed on combustion engine emissions, has acted as an additional catalyst in the development of more efficient engines.
These two factors, energy cost and scarcity, and environ-mental concerns, are frequently consistent goals. Thus~ if the efficiency of the burn in the engine can be improved, this generally means that more useable power is extracted from a given quantity of fuel, and that fewer noxious emissions are produced.
It is within this framework that the present invention arises. The invention is generally directed to the treatment of diesel fuel for an internal combustion diesel engine prior to its introduction into the engine. The treatment is intended to result in a more efficient burn within the combustion chambers in the engine.
PRIOR AR~
It is known that molecular expansion of fuel prior to its introduction into a diesel engine results in a much more efficient burn. This expansion is in terms of the actual swelling of the hydrocarbon molecules comprising the fuel. In a diesel engine this ," ' ', ,~ ' ~"i~ " ; " , , , ~ , ," ",,; , Z~IL7 factor is conventionally taken into account in the preheating of the fuel. This preheating tends to promote expansLon.
It has now been discovered that the fuel can be treated magnetically to achieve a very effective molecular expansion. This discovery is embodied in the invention disclosed and claimed in this application. The applicant is unaware of any prior art which is relevant to the invention.
SUM~RY OF TtE INVENTION
It has now been found that the exposure of the engine fuel to magnetic effects as described and claimed herein results in an increase in efficiency of the engine burn. ~nprovements result in the degree of completeness of the burn, higher burn temperatures and increased useable power. Additional advantages flowing from the improved burn are that residue and deposits in the engine, as well as noxious emissions, are reduced.
Thus, in one broad aspect the invention provides a method of improving the burnability of diesel fuel comprising subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to a first region of negative magnetic influence comprising a positive region followed by a first negative region; and subjecting the fuel in said fuel line to a second region of negative magnetic influence.
In a further broad aspect there i9 provided a device for improving the burning characteristics of diesel fuel comprising means for establishing a region of positive followed by a first region of negative magnetic field influence and means for establishing a second region of negatlve magnetic field influence in a diesel fuel line.
9~
In a further embodiment there is provided a device for improving the burning characteristics of diesel fuel in a diesel engine comprising a casing; a fuel line traversing the interior of said casing; means for establishing a region of postive followed by a first region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line;
and means for establishing a second region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line downstream of said first region.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
In its raw state the fuel will consist of the core hydro-carbon molecules making up the bulk of the fuel along Wittl various paramagnetic impurities. The latter are in part bound to the hydro-carbon molecules by relatively weak bonds. The present invention treats the fuel magnetically to split off the paramagnetic particles from the hydrocarbons and then to expand the hydrocarbon molecules.
The process and apparatus of the present invention carry out this magnetic treatment in a series of steps.
In the initial treatment stage the fuel is subjected to a positive followed by a strongly negative field influence which tends ; to split off the weakly bonded paramagnetic particles. This effect will be enhanced where the flow rate in the fuel line is such as to result in turbulent flow of the fuel.
This first treatment stage can be conveniently carried out by placing a magnet along one side of the fuel line such that its north or positive pole is upstream and its south or negative pole is downstream, and in the preferred case by placing a suitably oriented magnetic reflector on the opposite side of the pipe. The reflector q provides control of the magnetic field set up by the magnet and allows optimum development of the treatment conditions set out above.
The second treatment stage comprises again subjecting the fuel to a negative magnetic influence to expand the hydrocarbon molecules. A convenient means of setting up this influence is to utilize circular washer-like magnets surrounding the fuel line combined with a reflector to aid in field concentration and control and a collector to aid in expanding the region of negative influence and minimi~ing the effect of the positive aspect of the field.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention;
Figure 1 i9 a cross-sectional side elevation of one embodiment utilizing permanent magnets for all three treatment stages;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation of an embodiment utilizing an electromagnet for the first two treatment stages;
Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the internal components of the embodiment of Figure l; and Figures 4 and 5 illustrate in detail the area of contact of the magnet of Figure 1 with the fuel line.
DETAILED_DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODI~ENTS OF_T~E INVENTION
Turning to a detailed consideration of the preferred embodiments, the expander unit 2 comprises the outer casing 4 and inner casing 6. The operating components of the unit 2 are all , ~LOg~17 housed within the inner casing 6, and the outer casing 4 is added to provide additional protection for the device in the operating environment.
The fuel line 8 passes through the casings 4 and 6 and is secured thereto by the two sets of grommets 10 and 12, which are preferably of plastic or rubber. The direction oE flow o~ fuel as shown in the figures is Erom right to left, as indicated by the arrows on the fuel line in the figure~
~ ith reference to Figure 1, the first treatment stage ls efEected ~Itilizing the permanent magnet assembly 14 and the reflector assembly 16.
The permanent magnet assembly 14 comprises the magnet 18, the side contacts 20 and the conductive cement 22; the reflector assembly 16 comprises the reflector 32 and the conductive backing 40.
The permanent magnet 18 is preferably a ceramic magnet having a strength in the area of 1000 to 3000 gauss; although, as discussed below, an electromagnet would be very suitable.
l`he side contacts 20 and the reflector 32 are preferably iron, although any magnetizable metal which will perform the necessary function will suffice. The side contacts 20 are preferably fastened to magnet 18 by a conductive metal glue, although any fastening means will be suitable which does not interfere with the magnetic field.
The magnet 18 is arranged directionally with respect to the fuel line such that the north or positive pole is in the upstream direction and the south or negative pole is in the downstream .~: ~ . : ::.. : . .:: - .
. .
~)9~
direction. The slde contacts 20 are designed to gather and concentrate the magnetic field produced hy magnet 18 to provide a concentrated pole effect at points 28. The contacts are preferab]y wedge-shaped with a stepped configuration from the broad to the pointed end. The edges 26 of the steps are in contact with the magnet 18 and provide concentrated pathways for the magnetic flux.
The pathways are further concentrated at the tips 28 of the contacts 20. The tips 28 are preferably at least in actual contact with fuel line 8. These points of contact are located within notches 30 in the line 8. This arrangement at the pipe is illustrated in Figure 4.
In the most preferred arrangement the notch 30 actually penetrates the fuel line as shown in Figure 5, such that the points 28 of the side contacts 20 are in actual contact with the fuel. The penetration is suitably sealed against leakage as, for example, with the conductive cement 22, as utilized for attachment of side contacts 20.
Figure 5 also illustrates the preferred configuration of the tips 28 of contacts 20. The sides of the wedge 78 and 80 are rounded in at 82 and 84 to terminate between the ends 86 and 88 of the groove 30. As fuel line sizes vary, the curvature 82 and 84 can be varied as desired. The notched configuration, in addition to aiding magnetic effects, serves to maintain in position the tips of the contacts 20.
The tips 28 thus provide a concentrated flux which is effectively aided in diffusion throughout the line by the notched configuration of the line.
~ .
~ Z~7 The magnet 18, the two side contacts 20 and the pipe 8 thus provide a path for the magnetic flux such that the field is concentrated at the contact tips and spread throughout the pipe between the tips.
The reflector 32 is then interposed on the opposite side of line 8 from the magnet 18. The reflector 32 is preferably similar Ln configuration to contacts 20 and is oriented with the narrow end of the wedge 34 pointing downstream; i.e. toward the south pole end of the magnet. The line of the tip 34 of reflector 32 is preferably parallel to the lines of the tips 28 of contacts 20.
Thus the reflector 32 is oriented such that the edges 36 of the steps point generally upstream in the fuel line. The surfaces 38 and edges 36 tend to intercept the flux from the south pole of the magnet and direct it toward the north pole. A so-called negative magnetic curtain is set up across the fuel line 8 in the area between the poles and is enhanced by the reflected flux. At the same time ; the field in the area of the north pole tends to be reflected back from the reflector toward the north pole. The thicker end of the reflector 32 also has a tendency to refIect the flux. A positive ; 20 field ie thus maintained in the area of the north pole.
It has been found that the curtain effect is considerably strengthened where the reflector 32 is mounted on a conductive ~ backing 40. As shown in the preferred embodiment the backing 40 ; ~ comprises a mass of a conductive metal glue in which reflector 32 is mounted and which supports the reflector in the desired position.
Any conductive backing would serve equally well to draw off flux ; ~ 7 ~
~6~9~9~
which may penetrate the reflector.
It should be noted that the apparatus would function without presence of the reflector 32 but at a greatly reduced efficiency.
The embodiment illustrated in Figure 2 is similar to that of Figure 1 except that an electromagnet 68 is substituted for the permanent magnet arrangement 14. The cores 70 are preferably of Lron and are provided with pointed ends 72 which terminate in depressions 74 in the fuel line in a manner similar to the contacts 20 of Figure 1. As in the case of side contacts 20 in Figure 1, the cores 70 ln the most preferred case actually penetrate the fuel line and are in actual contact with the fuel, The electromagnet is preferably fed by a 12 volt source. Preferably the magnet will produce a field strength of 1000 to 3000 gauss.
The electromagnet is housed within its own preferably plastic casing 76 having suitable openings for the core ends 72.
The effect to this point on the fuel flowing in the line is twofold.
The positive area around the north pole of the magnet exerts a compressive force on the hydrocarbon molecules. This is a desirable feature in the overall process. The negative curtain has the opposite effect, creating an expanslve effect on the molecules~ ;
The velocity of fuel combined with the compressive and expansive effects of the north and south pole areas results in the breaking of the weak bonds attaching the paramagnetic particles to the hydro-carbon molecules, thus freeing those particles and exposing the , ~)929~7 hydrocarbons.
The rupture of these bonds ls greatly enhanced by the presence of turbulence in the fuel stream. l'hus, the flow rate is ~ preferably chosen so as to ensure turbulent flow conditions in the fuel line.
While the first negative curtain may also result in some expanslon of some hydrocarbons, it is primarily concerned with the splitting off of the paramagnetic particles. It is the third stage magnetic exposure which is primarily concerned with molecular expansion. This third stage is accomplished in the permanent magnet arrangement 42.
The requirement of this stage of the method is that the fuel be subjected to a predominantly negative magnetic exposure in order to effect molecular expansion.
In the preferred configuration three cylindrical magnets 44, 46 and 48 are fitted over the fuel line in the same north-south orientation as magnet 18. The three magnets are held magnetically against flange 50 and the cylindrical collector 52. The collector terminates in a truncated cone configuration 54.
The configuration of magnets 44, 46 and 48 is not critical.
For example, a single larger magnet may suffice but without the level of efficiency of the preferred configuration. It is desirable to have a field strength in the order of 1000 - 3000 gauss.
Similarly, the flange 50 may be a separate unit, such as a washer, although it is preferred that the outside diameter of the flange be equal to that of the magnets.
_ g _ . ~, - . ., : . .. . - . . , . ~ .
~L~929~L7 The preferred collector 52 has the cylindrical configuration shown, ending in the truncated cone 54, and ls much preferred to be of smaller diameter than flange 50.
The magnets 44, 46 and 48 are preferably ceramic or rare earth cobalt magnets; and the flange 50 and cylinder 52/54 are preferably of ferromagnetic material.
The magnetic effect of the arrangement 42 is as ~ollows.
The magnets 44, 46 and 48 are all oriented with south pole downstreaTn and north pole upstream relative to tne fuel line 8. There is therefore a magnetic field set up as shown by flu~ lines 56 and 58.
Similar smaller fields are set up around the individual magnets 44, 46 and 48.
The field illustrated by lines 56 and 58 is compressed and concentrated by the flange 50 which acts as a reflector. The flux lines are intercepted by the flange 50 and concentrated through edges 60 and 62. The field of which lines 56 and 58 are illustrative emanates froD these edges.
; Flange 50 is not capable of intercepting and directing the ; whole of the fieid. That portion of the field which passes through flange 50 is conducted by the ferromagnetic materlal along its length and down the sloping sides 64 of truncated cone 54. Thence the field is directed into the fuel line 8 in a generally downstream direction.
This aspect of the field originating at the south pole of the magnets 44, 46 and 48 is negative in polarity and therefore gives to the collector 52/54 an overall negative polarity.
Thus in the preferred arrangement discussed here the fuel ::
:: :
Ihis lnvention relates to a method and apparatus for magnetically treating diesel fuels to improve their burnability.
BACK~ROUND OF rH _INVENlION
Over the past few years the increasing costs and finite extent of petroleum fuels have led to a great rise in interest in energy conservation measures. One aspect of this development has been the search for methods of improving the efficiency of conven-tional internal combustion engines, incLuding diesel engines.
Concurrently, the deteriorating condition of the environment, a good measure of which has been blamed on combustion engine emissions, has acted as an additional catalyst in the development of more efficient engines.
These two factors, energy cost and scarcity, and environ-mental concerns, are frequently consistent goals. Thus~ if the efficiency of the burn in the engine can be improved, this generally means that more useable power is extracted from a given quantity of fuel, and that fewer noxious emissions are produced.
It is within this framework that the present invention arises. The invention is generally directed to the treatment of diesel fuel for an internal combustion diesel engine prior to its introduction into the engine. The treatment is intended to result in a more efficient burn within the combustion chambers in the engine.
PRIOR AR~
It is known that molecular expansion of fuel prior to its introduction into a diesel engine results in a much more efficient burn. This expansion is in terms of the actual swelling of the hydrocarbon molecules comprising the fuel. In a diesel engine this ," ' ', ,~ ' ~"i~ " ; " , , , ~ , ," ",,; , Z~IL7 factor is conventionally taken into account in the preheating of the fuel. This preheating tends to promote expansLon.
It has now been discovered that the fuel can be treated magnetically to achieve a very effective molecular expansion. This discovery is embodied in the invention disclosed and claimed in this application. The applicant is unaware of any prior art which is relevant to the invention.
SUM~RY OF TtE INVENTION
It has now been found that the exposure of the engine fuel to magnetic effects as described and claimed herein results in an increase in efficiency of the engine burn. ~nprovements result in the degree of completeness of the burn, higher burn temperatures and increased useable power. Additional advantages flowing from the improved burn are that residue and deposits in the engine, as well as noxious emissions, are reduced.
Thus, in one broad aspect the invention provides a method of improving the burnability of diesel fuel comprising subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to a first region of negative magnetic influence comprising a positive region followed by a first negative region; and subjecting the fuel in said fuel line to a second region of negative magnetic influence.
In a further broad aspect there i9 provided a device for improving the burning characteristics of diesel fuel comprising means for establishing a region of positive followed by a first region of negative magnetic field influence and means for establishing a second region of negatlve magnetic field influence in a diesel fuel line.
9~
In a further embodiment there is provided a device for improving the burning characteristics of diesel fuel in a diesel engine comprising a casing; a fuel line traversing the interior of said casing; means for establishing a region of postive followed by a first region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line;
and means for establishing a second region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line downstream of said first region.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
In its raw state the fuel will consist of the core hydro-carbon molecules making up the bulk of the fuel along Wittl various paramagnetic impurities. The latter are in part bound to the hydro-carbon molecules by relatively weak bonds. The present invention treats the fuel magnetically to split off the paramagnetic particles from the hydrocarbons and then to expand the hydrocarbon molecules.
The process and apparatus of the present invention carry out this magnetic treatment in a series of steps.
In the initial treatment stage the fuel is subjected to a positive followed by a strongly negative field influence which tends ; to split off the weakly bonded paramagnetic particles. This effect will be enhanced where the flow rate in the fuel line is such as to result in turbulent flow of the fuel.
This first treatment stage can be conveniently carried out by placing a magnet along one side of the fuel line such that its north or positive pole is upstream and its south or negative pole is downstream, and in the preferred case by placing a suitably oriented magnetic reflector on the opposite side of the pipe. The reflector q provides control of the magnetic field set up by the magnet and allows optimum development of the treatment conditions set out above.
The second treatment stage comprises again subjecting the fuel to a negative magnetic influence to expand the hydrocarbon molecules. A convenient means of setting up this influence is to utilize circular washer-like magnets surrounding the fuel line combined with a reflector to aid in field concentration and control and a collector to aid in expanding the region of negative influence and minimi~ing the effect of the positive aspect of the field.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention;
Figure 1 i9 a cross-sectional side elevation of one embodiment utilizing permanent magnets for all three treatment stages;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation of an embodiment utilizing an electromagnet for the first two treatment stages;
Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the internal components of the embodiment of Figure l; and Figures 4 and 5 illustrate in detail the area of contact of the magnet of Figure 1 with the fuel line.
DETAILED_DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODI~ENTS OF_T~E INVENTION
Turning to a detailed consideration of the preferred embodiments, the expander unit 2 comprises the outer casing 4 and inner casing 6. The operating components of the unit 2 are all , ~LOg~17 housed within the inner casing 6, and the outer casing 4 is added to provide additional protection for the device in the operating environment.
The fuel line 8 passes through the casings 4 and 6 and is secured thereto by the two sets of grommets 10 and 12, which are preferably of plastic or rubber. The direction oE flow o~ fuel as shown in the figures is Erom right to left, as indicated by the arrows on the fuel line in the figure~
~ ith reference to Figure 1, the first treatment stage ls efEected ~Itilizing the permanent magnet assembly 14 and the reflector assembly 16.
The permanent magnet assembly 14 comprises the magnet 18, the side contacts 20 and the conductive cement 22; the reflector assembly 16 comprises the reflector 32 and the conductive backing 40.
The permanent magnet 18 is preferably a ceramic magnet having a strength in the area of 1000 to 3000 gauss; although, as discussed below, an electromagnet would be very suitable.
l`he side contacts 20 and the reflector 32 are preferably iron, although any magnetizable metal which will perform the necessary function will suffice. The side contacts 20 are preferably fastened to magnet 18 by a conductive metal glue, although any fastening means will be suitable which does not interfere with the magnetic field.
The magnet 18 is arranged directionally with respect to the fuel line such that the north or positive pole is in the upstream direction and the south or negative pole is in the downstream .~: ~ . : ::.. : . .:: - .
. .
~)9~
direction. The slde contacts 20 are designed to gather and concentrate the magnetic field produced hy magnet 18 to provide a concentrated pole effect at points 28. The contacts are preferab]y wedge-shaped with a stepped configuration from the broad to the pointed end. The edges 26 of the steps are in contact with the magnet 18 and provide concentrated pathways for the magnetic flux.
The pathways are further concentrated at the tips 28 of the contacts 20. The tips 28 are preferably at least in actual contact with fuel line 8. These points of contact are located within notches 30 in the line 8. This arrangement at the pipe is illustrated in Figure 4.
In the most preferred arrangement the notch 30 actually penetrates the fuel line as shown in Figure 5, such that the points 28 of the side contacts 20 are in actual contact with the fuel. The penetration is suitably sealed against leakage as, for example, with the conductive cement 22, as utilized for attachment of side contacts 20.
Figure 5 also illustrates the preferred configuration of the tips 28 of contacts 20. The sides of the wedge 78 and 80 are rounded in at 82 and 84 to terminate between the ends 86 and 88 of the groove 30. As fuel line sizes vary, the curvature 82 and 84 can be varied as desired. The notched configuration, in addition to aiding magnetic effects, serves to maintain in position the tips of the contacts 20.
The tips 28 thus provide a concentrated flux which is effectively aided in diffusion throughout the line by the notched configuration of the line.
~ .
~ Z~7 The magnet 18, the two side contacts 20 and the pipe 8 thus provide a path for the magnetic flux such that the field is concentrated at the contact tips and spread throughout the pipe between the tips.
The reflector 32 is then interposed on the opposite side of line 8 from the magnet 18. The reflector 32 is preferably similar Ln configuration to contacts 20 and is oriented with the narrow end of the wedge 34 pointing downstream; i.e. toward the south pole end of the magnet. The line of the tip 34 of reflector 32 is preferably parallel to the lines of the tips 28 of contacts 20.
Thus the reflector 32 is oriented such that the edges 36 of the steps point generally upstream in the fuel line. The surfaces 38 and edges 36 tend to intercept the flux from the south pole of the magnet and direct it toward the north pole. A so-called negative magnetic curtain is set up across the fuel line 8 in the area between the poles and is enhanced by the reflected flux. At the same time ; the field in the area of the north pole tends to be reflected back from the reflector toward the north pole. The thicker end of the reflector 32 also has a tendency to refIect the flux. A positive ; 20 field ie thus maintained in the area of the north pole.
It has been found that the curtain effect is considerably strengthened where the reflector 32 is mounted on a conductive ~ backing 40. As shown in the preferred embodiment the backing 40 ; ~ comprises a mass of a conductive metal glue in which reflector 32 is mounted and which supports the reflector in the desired position.
Any conductive backing would serve equally well to draw off flux ; ~ 7 ~
~6~9~9~
which may penetrate the reflector.
It should be noted that the apparatus would function without presence of the reflector 32 but at a greatly reduced efficiency.
The embodiment illustrated in Figure 2 is similar to that of Figure 1 except that an electromagnet 68 is substituted for the permanent magnet arrangement 14. The cores 70 are preferably of Lron and are provided with pointed ends 72 which terminate in depressions 74 in the fuel line in a manner similar to the contacts 20 of Figure 1. As in the case of side contacts 20 in Figure 1, the cores 70 ln the most preferred case actually penetrate the fuel line and are in actual contact with the fuel, The electromagnet is preferably fed by a 12 volt source. Preferably the magnet will produce a field strength of 1000 to 3000 gauss.
The electromagnet is housed within its own preferably plastic casing 76 having suitable openings for the core ends 72.
The effect to this point on the fuel flowing in the line is twofold.
The positive area around the north pole of the magnet exerts a compressive force on the hydrocarbon molecules. This is a desirable feature in the overall process. The negative curtain has the opposite effect, creating an expanslve effect on the molecules~ ;
The velocity of fuel combined with the compressive and expansive effects of the north and south pole areas results in the breaking of the weak bonds attaching the paramagnetic particles to the hydro-carbon molecules, thus freeing those particles and exposing the , ~)929~7 hydrocarbons.
The rupture of these bonds ls greatly enhanced by the presence of turbulence in the fuel stream. l'hus, the flow rate is ~ preferably chosen so as to ensure turbulent flow conditions in the fuel line.
While the first negative curtain may also result in some expanslon of some hydrocarbons, it is primarily concerned with the splitting off of the paramagnetic particles. It is the third stage magnetic exposure which is primarily concerned with molecular expansion. This third stage is accomplished in the permanent magnet arrangement 42.
The requirement of this stage of the method is that the fuel be subjected to a predominantly negative magnetic exposure in order to effect molecular expansion.
In the preferred configuration three cylindrical magnets 44, 46 and 48 are fitted over the fuel line in the same north-south orientation as magnet 18. The three magnets are held magnetically against flange 50 and the cylindrical collector 52. The collector terminates in a truncated cone configuration 54.
The configuration of magnets 44, 46 and 48 is not critical.
For example, a single larger magnet may suffice but without the level of efficiency of the preferred configuration. It is desirable to have a field strength in the order of 1000 - 3000 gauss.
Similarly, the flange 50 may be a separate unit, such as a washer, although it is preferred that the outside diameter of the flange be equal to that of the magnets.
_ g _ . ~, - . ., : . .. . - . . , . ~ .
~L~929~L7 The preferred collector 52 has the cylindrical configuration shown, ending in the truncated cone 54, and ls much preferred to be of smaller diameter than flange 50.
The magnets 44, 46 and 48 are preferably ceramic or rare earth cobalt magnets; and the flange 50 and cylinder 52/54 are preferably of ferromagnetic material.
The magnetic effect of the arrangement 42 is as ~ollows.
The magnets 44, 46 and 48 are all oriented with south pole downstreaTn and north pole upstream relative to tne fuel line 8. There is therefore a magnetic field set up as shown by flu~ lines 56 and 58.
Similar smaller fields are set up around the individual magnets 44, 46 and 48.
The field illustrated by lines 56 and 58 is compressed and concentrated by the flange 50 which acts as a reflector. The flux lines are intercepted by the flange 50 and concentrated through edges 60 and 62. The field of which lines 56 and 58 are illustrative emanates froD these edges.
; Flange 50 is not capable of intercepting and directing the ; whole of the fieid. That portion of the field which passes through flange 50 is conducted by the ferromagnetic materlal along its length and down the sloping sides 64 of truncated cone 54. Thence the field is directed into the fuel line 8 in a generally downstream direction.
This aspect of the field originating at the south pole of the magnets 44, 46 and 48 is negative in polarity and therefore gives to the collector 52/54 an overall negative polarity.
Thus in the preferred arrangement discussed here the fuel ::
:: :
2~7 entering the sphere o influence of the arrangement 42 will pass through a series of field effects of both positive and negative aspect. Thus the entry point will be primarily positive and the exit from the magnet 48 primarily negative, reflecting the overall field;
and both positive and negative effects will be felt at the two interfaces within the series of magnel:s. Finally the elongated section through collector 52/54 and beyond will exert negative influence.
Through the unit 42 the positive influences do not appear to exert adverse effects on the fuel, whereas the negati-ve influences result in the very beneficial molecular expansion of the fuel.
With respect to diesel engines, one gets a cummulative effect with time because of the conventional cycling of diesel fuel for preheating purposes~ Thus, typically 80% of fuel delivered from the fuel tank is cycled back to the tank after preheating at the engine with only 20% drawn off and actually injected into the engine.
Thus the treated fuel accumulates in the tank. Ideally, therefore, the tank should be refilled well before it is empty so that fuel from the tank will always contain a good proportion of previously treated fuel.
After the components are assembled in the casing 6, the casing is preferably filled with a resin 66 which hardens to form an effective protective support for the components.
The following test results illustrate the effect of the treatment method and device on fuel consumption. The tests were performed on a stationary diesel engine wlth varying engine speed and -~C~929~7 duration of run.
TEST SERIES _0 1 ENGINE SPEED 2400 RPM
DURATION OF RUN 42 MIN.
FUEL PRESSURE 50 PoI
INITIAL FVEL TEMP. 70 F
FUEL TEMP. AFTER PREHEATING 140 F
FUEL CONSUMPTION
_ UNTREATED FUEL 5.25 LITRES
TREATED FUEL 4.50 LITRES
FUEL SAVING WITH TREATED FUEL 0.75 LITRES = 14%
TEST SERI_S NO. 2 ENGINE SPEED 2275 RPM
FUEL PRESSURE 50 PoI
INITIAL FUEL TEMP. 65 F
FURI. TEMP. AFTER PREHEATING 135 F
FUEL CONSUMPTlON
FUEL SAVING WITH TREATED FUEL 1 LITRE = 25~
In each case the results in the test series are average figures taken in each case over a series of 8 runs. In addition to the energy saving illustrated above~ qualitative observations were made of additional benefits. Emissions were noticably less with the treated fuel runs; and an examination of the fuel injection com-ponents showed these to be free of the build-up of mineral deposits normally associated with these engines.
While the invention has been described in detail in respect ; of the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
~, :
.
and both positive and negative effects will be felt at the two interfaces within the series of magnel:s. Finally the elongated section through collector 52/54 and beyond will exert negative influence.
Through the unit 42 the positive influences do not appear to exert adverse effects on the fuel, whereas the negati-ve influences result in the very beneficial molecular expansion of the fuel.
With respect to diesel engines, one gets a cummulative effect with time because of the conventional cycling of diesel fuel for preheating purposes~ Thus, typically 80% of fuel delivered from the fuel tank is cycled back to the tank after preheating at the engine with only 20% drawn off and actually injected into the engine.
Thus the treated fuel accumulates in the tank. Ideally, therefore, the tank should be refilled well before it is empty so that fuel from the tank will always contain a good proportion of previously treated fuel.
After the components are assembled in the casing 6, the casing is preferably filled with a resin 66 which hardens to form an effective protective support for the components.
The following test results illustrate the effect of the treatment method and device on fuel consumption. The tests were performed on a stationary diesel engine wlth varying engine speed and -~C~929~7 duration of run.
TEST SERIES _0 1 ENGINE SPEED 2400 RPM
DURATION OF RUN 42 MIN.
FUEL PRESSURE 50 PoI
INITIAL FVEL TEMP. 70 F
FUEL TEMP. AFTER PREHEATING 140 F
FUEL CONSUMPTION
_ UNTREATED FUEL 5.25 LITRES
TREATED FUEL 4.50 LITRES
FUEL SAVING WITH TREATED FUEL 0.75 LITRES = 14%
TEST SERI_S NO. 2 ENGINE SPEED 2275 RPM
FUEL PRESSURE 50 PoI
INITIAL FUEL TEMP. 65 F
FURI. TEMP. AFTER PREHEATING 135 F
FUEL CONSUMPTlON
FUEL SAVING WITH TREATED FUEL 1 LITRE = 25~
In each case the results in the test series are average figures taken in each case over a series of 8 runs. In addition to the energy saving illustrated above~ qualitative observations were made of additional benefits. Emissions were noticably less with the treated fuel runs; and an examination of the fuel injection com-ponents showed these to be free of the build-up of mineral deposits normally associated with these engines.
While the invention has been described in detail in respect ; of the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
~, :
.
Claims (74)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A device for improving the burning characteristics of diesel fuel in a diesel engine comprising means for establishing a region of positive followed by a first region of negative magnetic field influence and means for establishing second region of negative magnetic field influence in a diesel fuel line.
2. A device for improving the burning characteristics of diesel fuel in a diesel engine comprising:
a casing;
a fuel line traversing the interior of said casing;
means for establishing a region of positive followed by a first region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line;
and means for establishing a second region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line downstream of said first region.
a casing;
a fuel line traversing the interior of said casing;
means for establishing a region of positive followed by a first region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line;
and means for establishing a second region of negative magnetic field influence in said fuel line downstream of said first region.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein said means of establishing said first two regions comprises a magnet placed in proximity to and aligned with said line and having its north pole end in the upstream direction and its south pole end in the downstream direction.
4. The device of claim 3 wherein said means of establishing said first two regions includes a reflector on the opposite side of said line from said magnet.
5. The device of claim 4 wherein the said reflector has a stepped wedge shaped configuration with the thin leading edge of the wedge oriented downstream and the thick trailing end of the wedge oriented upstream.
6. The device of claim 5 wherein said reflector is attached to a magnetically conductive backing member.
7. The device of claim 6 wherein said backing member comprises a metal glue.
8. The device of claim 3 wherein said magnet is a permanent magnet and has affixed to each said end thereof a collector and concentrator member terminating adjacent said line whereby the magnetic flux in the area of the poles is concentrated adjacent the said line.
9. The device of claim 6 wherein said magnet is a ceramic or a rare earth cobalt magnet.
10. The device of claim 8 wherein said collector and concentrator members are of stepped wedge shaped configuration having the thin leading edge of the wedge adjacent and across said line.
11. The device of claim 8 wherein each said end is a flat surface substantially perpendicular to said line and wherein each said collector and concentrator member is of stepped wedge shaped configuration having the thin leading edge of the wedge adjacent to and across said line and the stepped side of the wedge lying against said flat surface.
12. The device of claim 11 wherein for each said collector and concentrator a notch is provided in the wall of said line, said leading edge of said wedge is oriented in said notch in contact with the wall of said line, and the extremities of said leading edge are rounded in to terminate intermediate the ends of said notch.
13. The device of claim 12 wherein said notch penetrates the inner wall of said line and the said leading edge is oriented in the opening in the wall whereby in use said leading edge is in contact with the fuel in said line.
14. The device of claim 3 wherein said magnet is an electromagnet.
15. The device of claim 14 wherein the cores of each pole of the electromagnet are cylindrical and each said core terminates in a cone the apex of which is adjacent the fuel line.
16. The device of claim 15 wherein for each said core an indentation is provided in the wall of said line and said apex is oriented in said indentation in contact with said wall.
17. The device of claim 16 wherein said indentation penetrates the inner wall of said line and said apex is oriented in the opening in the wall whereby in use said apex is in contact with the fuel in said line.
18. The device of claim 8 or 14 wherein said magnet has a strength of about 1000 to about 3000 gauss.
19. The device of claim 2 wherein said means of establishing said second region comprises:
a permanent magnet located in alignment with and in proximity to said fuel line, and having its south pole end oriented downstream and its north pole end oriented upstream;
a reflector adjacent said magnet and downstream thereof;
and a magnetically conductive collector member adjacent said reflector and downstream thereof.
a permanent magnet located in alignment with and in proximity to said fuel line, and having its south pole end oriented downstream and its north pole end oriented upstream;
a reflector adjacent said magnet and downstream thereof;
and a magnetically conductive collector member adjacent said reflector and downstream thereof.
20. The device of claim 29 wherein said magnet is of an annular configuration coaxial with said fuel line and fitted over said line.
21. The device of claim 15 wherein said magnet is comprised of a series of at least two such annular magnets adjacent each other.
22. The device of claim 16 wherein said magnet is comprised of a series of three such annular magnets adjacent each other.
23. The device of claim 20, 21 or 22 wherein said magnet has a strength of about 1000 to about 3000 gauss.
24. The device of claim 19 wherein said reflector comprises a magnetically conductive member having an upstream surface of essentially the same area and configuration as the surface of the magnet to which it is adjacent.
25. The device of claim 20 wherein said reflector comprises a magnetically conductive annular member.
26. The device of claim 25 wherein said annular reflector is of the same inside and outside diameter as said magnet.
27. The device of claim 19 wherein said collector member comprises a first section the upstream surface of which is similar in configuration to but of smaller area than the said reflector and a second section extending in a downstream direction from said first section and being of progressively decreasing area so as to form a slope from the outer edge of said first section down to said fuel line; and wherein said collector is positioned so that at least a part of the outer edge of said reflector remote from said fuel line extends beyond the outer edge of said adjacent collector.
28. The device of claim 20 wherein said collector member comprises an annular section of cylindrical configuration adjacent said reflector, and an annular section of truncated cone configuration integral with the downstream end of said cylindrical section.
29. The device of claim 28 wherein said cylindrical section is of a smaller outside diameter than said reflector.
30. The device of claim 29 wherein the outer surface of said truncated cone terminates adjacent said fuel line.
31. The device of claim 4 wherein said magnet is a permanent magnet and has affixed to each said end thereof a collector and con-centrator member terminating adjacent said line whereby the magnetic flux in the area of the poles is concentrated adjacent the said line.
32. The device of claim 31 wherein said collector and concentrator members are of stepped wedge shaped configuration having the thin sharp leading edge of the wedge adjacent and perpendicularly across said line.
33. The device of claim 5 wherein said magnet is a permanent magnet and has affixed to each said end thereof a collector and concentrator member terminating adjacent said line whereby the magnetic flux in the area of the poles is concentrated adjacent the said line.
34. The device of claim 33 wherein said collector and concentrator members are of stepped wedge shaped configuration having the thin sharp leading edge of the wedge adjacent and perpendicularly across said line.
35. The device of claim 31 wherein each said end is a flat surface substantially perpendicular to said line and wherein each said collector and concentrator member is of stepped wedge shaped configuration having the thin leading edge of the wedge adjacent to and perpendicularly across said line and a stepped side of the wedge lying against said flat surface; and wherein for each said collector and concentrator, a notch is provided in the wall of said line, said leading edge of said wedge is oriented in said notch in contact with the wall of said line, and the extremities of said leading edge are rounded in to terminate intermediate the ends of said notch.
36. The device of claim 33 wherein each said end is a flat surface substantially perpendicular to said line and wherein each said collector and concentrator member is of stepped wedge shaped configuration having the thin leading edge of the wedge adjacent to and perpendicularly across said line and a stepped side of the wedge lying against said flat surface; and wherein for each said collector and concentrator, a notch is provided in the wall of said line, said leading edge of said wedge is oriented in said notch in contact with the wall of said line, and the extremities of said leading edge are rounded in to terminate intermediate the ends of said notch.
37. The device of claim 35 or 36 wherein said notch penetrates the inner wall of said line and said leading edge is oriented in the opening in the wall whereby in operation said leading edge is in actual contact with the fuel in said line.
38. The device of claim 20 wherein said reflector comprises a magnetically conductive member having an upstream surface of essentially the same area and configuration as the surface of the magnet to which it is adjacent.
39. The device of claim 20 wherein said reflector comprises a magnetically conductive annular member.
40. The device of claim 39 wherein said annular reflector is of the same inside and outside diameter as said magnet.
41. The device of claim 21 wherein said reflector comprises a magnetically conductive member having an upstream surface of essentially the same area and configuration as the surface of the magnet to which it is adjacent.
42. The device of claim 21 wherein said reflector comprises a magnetically conductive annular member.
43. The device of claim 42 wherein said annular reflector is of the same inside and outside diameter as said magnet.
44. The device of claim 38 or 41 wherein said collector member comprises a first section the upstream surface of which is similar in configuration to but of smaller area than the said reflector and a second section extending in a downstream direction from said first section and being of progressively decreasing area so as to form a slope from the edge of said first section remote from said line down to said line; and wherein said collector is positioned so that at least a part of the edge of said collector remote from said line is spaced in the direction of said line from the edge of said reflector.
45. The device of claim 39 wherein said collector member comprises an annular section of cylindrical configuration adjacent said reflector, and an annular section of truncated cone con-figuration integral with the downstream end of said cylindrical section.
46. The device of claim 45 wherein said cylindrical section is of a smaller outside diameter than said reflector.
47. The device of claim 46 wherein the outer surface of said truncated cone terminates adjacent said fuel line.
48. The device of claim 40 wherein said collector member comprises an annular section of cylindrical configuration adjacent said reflector, and an annular section of truncated cone con-figuration integral with the downstream end of said cylindrical section.
49. The device of claim 48 wherein said cylindrical section is of a smaller outside diameter than said reflector.
50. The device of claim 46 wherein the outer surface of said truncated cone terminates adjacent said fuel line.
51. The device of claim 42 wherein said collector member comprises an annular section of cylindrical configuration adjacent said reflector, and an annular section of truncated cone con-figuration integral with the downstream end of said cylindrical section.
52. The device of claim 51 wherein said cylindrical section is of a smaller outside diameter than said reflector.
53. The device of claim 52 wherein the outer surface of said truncated cone terminates adjacent said fuel line.
54. The device of claim 53 wherein said collector member comprises an annular section of cylindrical configuration adjacent said reflector, and an annular section of truncated cone con-figuration integral with the downstream end of said cylindrical section.
55. The device of claim 54 wherein said cylindrical section is of a smaller outside diameter than said reflector.
56. The device of claim 55 wherein the outer surface of said truncated cone terminates adjacent said fuel line.
57. The device of claim 2 wherein said casing is filled with a resin whereby the said components are held in relative position.
58. The device of claim 2 wherein said means for establishing said first and second regions are first and a second magnets respectively in close proximity to and in alignment with said fuel line such that in both cases the magnets have their north pole ends oriented in an upstream direction and their south pole ends oriented in a downstream direction.
59. The device of claim 58 wherein said means for establishing a first region includes a first reflector on the opposite side of said line from the magnet;
and said means for establishing a second region includes a second reflector adjacent said second magnet and downstream thereof;
and a magnetically conductive collector member adjacent said reflector and downstream thereof.
and said means for establishing a second region includes a second reflector adjacent said second magnet and downstream thereof;
and a magnetically conductive collector member adjacent said reflector and downstream thereof.
60. The device of claim 59 wherein said first magnet is a permanent magnet and has affixed to each said end thereof a collector and concentrator member terminating adjacent said line whereby the magnetic flux in the area of the poles is concentrated adjacent the said line;
and wherein said second magnet, said second reflector and said collector are of an annular configuration coaxial with said fuel line and fitted over said line;
said collector comprising a first section of cylindrical configuration and a second section of truncated conical configuration.
and wherein said second magnet, said second reflector and said collector are of an annular configuration coaxial with said fuel line and fitted over said line;
said collector comprising a first section of cylindrical configuration and a second section of truncated conical configuration.
61. The device of claim 60 wherein each said end of said first magnet is a flat surface substantially perpendicular to said line and wherein each said collector and concentrator member is of stepped wedge shaped configuration having the thin sharp leading edge of the wedge adjacent to and perpendicularly across said line and the stepped side of the wedge lying against said flat surface;
and wherein for each said collector and concentrator a notch is provided in the wall of said line, said leading edge of said wedge is oriented in said notch in contact with the wall of said line, and the extremities of said leading edge are rounded off to terminate the ends of said notch.
and wherein for each said collector and concentrator a notch is provided in the wall of said line, said leading edge of said wedge is oriented in said notch in contact with the wall of said line, and the extremities of said leading edge are rounded off to terminate the ends of said notch.
62. The device of claim 60 wherein said notch penetrates the inner wall of said line and said leading edge is oriented in the opening in the wall whereby in use said leading edge is in contact with the fuel in said line.
63. The device of claim 61 wherein said first reflector has a stepped wedge shaped configuration with the thin leading edge of the wedge oriented downstream and the thick trailing end of the wedge oriented upstream.
64. The device of claim 63 wherein said second magnet and said second reflector are of equal outside diameters and wherein said collector is of a lesser outside diameter.
65. The device of claim 64 wherein said second reflector has an essentially rectangular cross section.
66. The device of claim 64 wherein the downstream end of said conical section terminates adjacent said line.
67. A method of improving the burnability of diesel fuel comprising:
subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to a first region of magnetic influence comprising a positive region followed by a first negative region; and subjecting the fuel in said fuel line to a second region of negative magnetic influence.
subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to a first region of magnetic influence comprising a positive region followed by a first negative region; and subjecting the fuel in said fuel line to a second region of negative magnetic influence.
68. The method of claim 67 wherein the fuel in the fuel line is maintained in a state of turbulent flow in the area of the said two regions.
69. The method of claim 67 or 68 wherein the strength of the magnetic field influence in said first region is from about 1000 to about 3000 gauss.
70. The method of claim 67 or 68 wherein the strength of the magnetic field influence in said first region is from about 1000 to about 3000 gauss .
71. A method of improving the burnability of diesel fuel comprising:
subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to the influence of a magnetic north pole whereby the hydrocarbon molecules in said fuel are compressed, next subjecting said fuel to the influence of a first magnetic south pole to expand the hydrocarbon molecules in the fuel and cause a proportion of the paramagnetic impurities weakly bonded to said molecules to be split off said molecules, and subjecting the said molecules to the influence of a second magnetic south pole whereby said molecules are expanded.
subjecting the fuel in a fuel line to the influence of a magnetic north pole whereby the hydrocarbon molecules in said fuel are compressed, next subjecting said fuel to the influence of a first magnetic south pole to expand the hydrocarbon molecules in the fuel and cause a proportion of the paramagnetic impurities weakly bonded to said molecules to be split off said molecules, and subjecting the said molecules to the influence of a second magnetic south pole whereby said molecules are expanded.
72. The method of claim 71 wherein the fuel in the fuel line is maintained in a state of turbulent flow in the area of the said two regions.
73. The method of claim 71 or 72 wherein the field strength in the area of said first pole is from about 1000 to about 3000 gauss;
and in the area of said second pole, from about 1000 to about 3000 gauss.
and in the area of said second pole, from about 1000 to about 3000 gauss.
74. The method of claim 67 or 71 wherein said magnetic treatment is carried out on fuel in a fuel feed line between a fuel tank and a diesel engine and wherein a portion of the treated fuel is recycled to said tank whereby the treatment effects are cumulative in the fuel system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA355,085A CA1092917A (en) | 1980-06-30 | 1980-06-30 | Diesel fuel treating device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA355,085A CA1092917A (en) | 1980-06-30 | 1980-06-30 | Diesel fuel treating device and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1092917A true CA1092917A (en) | 1981-01-06 |
Family
ID=4117302
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA355,085A Expired CA1092917A (en) | 1980-06-30 | 1980-06-30 | Diesel fuel treating device and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1092917A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1984003539A1 (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1984-09-13 | Ament Enterprises Inc | Magnetic fuel line device |
| US4538582A (en) * | 1983-02-04 | 1985-09-03 | Johoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of combusting fuel in an internal combustion engine and its apparatus |
| US5127385A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-07-07 | Gekko International, Inc. | Magnetic apparatus for treating fuel |
| US5243946A (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1993-09-14 | Gekko International, L.C. | Apparatus for the magnetic treatment of fuel |
| WO1993022553A1 (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1993-11-11 | MCDONNELL, Beryl, Adele (Legal representative of MCDONNELL, Roy, Edward (Deceased)) | Magnetic treatment of air/fuel mixture |
-
1980
- 1980-06-30 CA CA355,085A patent/CA1092917A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4538582A (en) * | 1983-02-04 | 1985-09-03 | Johoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of combusting fuel in an internal combustion engine and its apparatus |
| WO1984003539A1 (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1984-09-13 | Ament Enterprises Inc | Magnetic fuel line device |
| US4572145A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1986-02-25 | Ament Enterprises, Inc. | Magnetic fuel line device |
| US5127385A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-07-07 | Gekko International, Inc. | Magnetic apparatus for treating fuel |
| WO1993022553A1 (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 1993-11-11 | MCDONNELL, Beryl, Adele (Legal representative of MCDONNELL, Roy, Edward (Deceased)) | Magnetic treatment of air/fuel mixture |
| US5243946A (en) * | 1992-12-07 | 1993-09-14 | Gekko International, L.C. | Apparatus for the magnetic treatment of fuel |
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