CA1091624A - Pulsed purging of carousel-type magnetic separators - Google Patents
Pulsed purging of carousel-type magnetic separatorsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1091624A CA1091624A CA290,130A CA290130A CA1091624A CA 1091624 A CA1091624 A CA 1091624A CA 290130 A CA290130 A CA 290130A CA 1091624 A CA1091624 A CA 1091624A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- cleaning
- chamber
- medium
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
- B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
- B03C1/032—Matrix cleaning systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
- B03C1/029—High gradient magnetic separators with circulating matrix or matrix elements
- B03C1/03—High gradient magnetic separators with circulating matrix or matrix elements rotating, e.g. of the carousel type
Landscapes
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
- Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A method and apparatus for cleaning the matrix of a magnetic separator, the cleaning being carried out by means of a fluid medium. In a known similar apparatus, a larger path-time portion, associated with a corresponding decrease in through-put power of the separator, is required for the clean-ing. Additionally, the use of large liquid volumes make it necessary to use more expensive clarifying and separating appara-tus in order to separate the obtained solid material from the cleaning liquid. The present invention provides an economical manner for washing out the magnetic separation space of whole-back separators, the method being both qualitatively and quan-titatively improved over known processes. According to the process, the method includes the step of cleaning the matrix of the magnetic separator by means of a fluid medium and a compressible cleaning medium. The apparatus comprises an entry chamber sealed to an entry end of a matrix, the entry chamber having attachments for introducing a cleaning media.
A method and apparatus for cleaning the matrix of a magnetic separator, the cleaning being carried out by means of a fluid medium. In a known similar apparatus, a larger path-time portion, associated with a corresponding decrease in through-put power of the separator, is required for the clean-ing. Additionally, the use of large liquid volumes make it necessary to use more expensive clarifying and separating appara-tus in order to separate the obtained solid material from the cleaning liquid. The present invention provides an economical manner for washing out the magnetic separation space of whole-back separators, the method being both qualitatively and quan-titatively improved over known processes. According to the process, the method includes the step of cleaning the matrix of the magnetic separator by means of a fluid medium and a compressible cleaning medium. The apparatus comprises an entry chamber sealed to an entry end of a matrix, the entry chamber having attachments for introducing a cleaning media.
Description
1C)9~ 4 The present invention relates to a method for clean-ing the matrix of a magnetic separator, the cleaning being carried out by means of a -fluid medium.
Furthermore, the invention is also related to an apparatus for carrying out the method and, finally, to a method for operating the apparatus.
Magnetic separators working on the basis of the hold-back principle are, as a rule, used for treating of flows with relatively high throughputs, e.g., such within the range of 20 to 200 tons/hour and are, in addition, particularly suitable for sorting weakly magnetic materials. The operation of such hold-back-wet magnetic separators is characterized by the fact that a possibly high magnetic field is generated in a definite working volume, in the so-called separation space, or within the internal space of the coil, e.g., by the application of poles. Within this working volume, there are induction poles arranged in the form of suitable magnetizable ferromagnetic bodies which, due to their high permeability, distort the mag-netic field so that strong inhomogeneities are created and re-~0 quired gradients will be formed at a number of advantageous spots in the volume of the separation space. The arrangement of Eerromagnetic bodies within the corresponding separation space i5 termed as a "matrix". When a sludge charged with susceptible particles is led through the matrix, the magnetic material con-tained in the sludge is held back on the ferromagnetic bodies as a result of high, local, magnetic forces. Subsequently, this material held back is washed out of the matrix, as a rule, by means of a forceful water jet.
In the case of discontinuously or intermittently work-ing separators, the above operation is carried out by periodic-ally switching-off the magnetic field so that the magnetic mat-erial could be washed out of the matrix in this switched off ~09~6~
-state. Under practical conditions, however, continuously working separators are always increasingly used, e.g., the Jones-separa-tor or the caroussel separator.
In the case of such continuously operating separators, the magnetic material, together with the matrix, is first removed from the magnetic field, then washed out so that the cleaned matrix be ready for the next operation through the magnetic field.
In accordance with the type of the magnetic material, it may be required -that the magnetic material be cleaned from the attached, non-magnetic material particles by means of a wash process carried out within the magnetic field.
Besides, it is a frequently occurring requirement to prol~cts obtain intermediate pr~t. This is carried out by washing out r~
a portion of magnetic material, together with the attached deads, within the magnetic field at a reduced washing energy.
On the practical level, the following are used as in-duction poles:
- plates with overhanging edges - profile rods - loose balls or other spherical bodies - expanded/stretched/metal packages - iron network packages Resulting from their filigree structure, the last named packing materials, namely:
- balls - expanded metals ..
- iron network packings are highly suitable for the enrichment of particularly weak magnetic materials and/or particles with particularly fine grain structure, for, in the case of a great number of induction poles positioned at a small distance, even the smallest par-ticles being present with the smallest number have the possibility to get ~LV9~6Z4 within the region of high magnetic forces and to get held back.
On the other hand, it is difficult, if not impossible, to wash out these particles by means of the usual cleaning of the matrix carried out with a forceful water jet, for the dense pack-ages of balls, expanded metal, and similar will break the flow of the cleaning medium, and they let it through the space between the great number of induction poles only at a very low rate, and quasi without any energy. In this manner, the cleaning of the matrix will be incomplete, for the jet-energy of the incompres-sible cleaning fluid de_reases with the distance from the noæzle, and as a result, it will only be efficient at the peripheral zones of the induction pole, while within the deeper laying regions, it will be broken by the filter-like packages of the induction poles and become inefficient.
Also, the attempt to eliminate this drawback by using larger amounts of liquid gave a moderate result, and even this maderate result was associated with the following drawbacks:
1. A larger path-time portion, associated with a corresponding decrease in throughput power of the separator, is required for the clean-ing, and
Furthermore, the invention is also related to an apparatus for carrying out the method and, finally, to a method for operating the apparatus.
Magnetic separators working on the basis of the hold-back principle are, as a rule, used for treating of flows with relatively high throughputs, e.g., such within the range of 20 to 200 tons/hour and are, in addition, particularly suitable for sorting weakly magnetic materials. The operation of such hold-back-wet magnetic separators is characterized by the fact that a possibly high magnetic field is generated in a definite working volume, in the so-called separation space, or within the internal space of the coil, e.g., by the application of poles. Within this working volume, there are induction poles arranged in the form of suitable magnetizable ferromagnetic bodies which, due to their high permeability, distort the mag-netic field so that strong inhomogeneities are created and re-~0 quired gradients will be formed at a number of advantageous spots in the volume of the separation space. The arrangement of Eerromagnetic bodies within the corresponding separation space i5 termed as a "matrix". When a sludge charged with susceptible particles is led through the matrix, the magnetic material con-tained in the sludge is held back on the ferromagnetic bodies as a result of high, local, magnetic forces. Subsequently, this material held back is washed out of the matrix, as a rule, by means of a forceful water jet.
In the case of discontinuously or intermittently work-ing separators, the above operation is carried out by periodic-ally switching-off the magnetic field so that the magnetic mat-erial could be washed out of the matrix in this switched off ~09~6~
-state. Under practical conditions, however, continuously working separators are always increasingly used, e.g., the Jones-separa-tor or the caroussel separator.
In the case of such continuously operating separators, the magnetic material, together with the matrix, is first removed from the magnetic field, then washed out so that the cleaned matrix be ready for the next operation through the magnetic field.
In accordance with the type of the magnetic material, it may be required -that the magnetic material be cleaned from the attached, non-magnetic material particles by means of a wash process carried out within the magnetic field.
Besides, it is a frequently occurring requirement to prol~cts obtain intermediate pr~t. This is carried out by washing out r~
a portion of magnetic material, together with the attached deads, within the magnetic field at a reduced washing energy.
On the practical level, the following are used as in-duction poles:
- plates with overhanging edges - profile rods - loose balls or other spherical bodies - expanded/stretched/metal packages - iron network packages Resulting from their filigree structure, the last named packing materials, namely:
- balls - expanded metals ..
- iron network packings are highly suitable for the enrichment of particularly weak magnetic materials and/or particles with particularly fine grain structure, for, in the case of a great number of induction poles positioned at a small distance, even the smallest par-ticles being present with the smallest number have the possibility to get ~LV9~6Z4 within the region of high magnetic forces and to get held back.
On the other hand, it is difficult, if not impossible, to wash out these particles by means of the usual cleaning of the matrix carried out with a forceful water jet, for the dense pack-ages of balls, expanded metal, and similar will break the flow of the cleaning medium, and they let it through the space between the great number of induction poles only at a very low rate, and quasi without any energy. In this manner, the cleaning of the matrix will be incomplete, for the jet-energy of the incompres-sible cleaning fluid de_reases with the distance from the noæzle, and as a result, it will only be efficient at the peripheral zones of the induction pole, while within the deeper laying regions, it will be broken by the filter-like packages of the induction poles and become inefficient.
Also, the attempt to eliminate this drawback by using larger amounts of liquid gave a moderate result, and even this maderate result was associated with the following drawbacks:
1. A larger path-time portion, associated with a corresponding decrease in throughput power of the separator, is required for the clean-ing, and
2, the large Liquid volumes made it necessary to use more expensive clarifying and separating apparatus in order to separate the obtained solid material from the cleaning liquid.
The present invention proposes to eliminate the drawbacks of the known processes for washing out the magnetic separation space of hold-back separators and to obtain, in an economical manner, both qualitative and quantitative improvement in the operation of magnetic separators working on the h~ld-back principle.
The above is resolved by using a compressible medium ~9~L6Z~
as an additional cleaning medium. When flowing through the matrix, the compressible medium, advantageously oil-free compressed air, undergoes a drop in pressure which is substantially lower than that of the liquid, and - when expanding - it conveys a portion of its energy to the liquid. As a result, the liquid intrudes intensively the interspace between the induction poles. In this proaess, a much better and much quicker cleaning effect is ob-tained than that in the known washing processes utilizing liquid alone.
In a preferred embodiment of the process according to the present invention, the cleaning was carried out with a mixture of a liquid and a gaseous media.
In this process, a method consisting of applying the compressible medium at elevated pressure through the matrix may also be used.
The process may advantageously also be modified in such a manner that both media be used with a shift in phase.
For example, the introduction of the compressible med-ium can be carried out somewhat after the liquid has been intro-~0 duced and it can even be contimled after the fluid medium has already been stopped.
In this case, and in accordance with the invention, one can proceed in such a manner that the phases shifted in time be at least partially overlapped.
It may also be expedient to form the cleaning process in such a manner that the duration of the phases be different from each other. For example, at the end of the washing process with the liquid, an impulse of short dura-tion with compressed air may result in the effect required.
However, the:duration of the compressed air introduc-tion may be both longer or shorter than that of the liquid.
How the details of the process in the invention should 629~
.
be modified in order to obtain the optimum cleaning of the matrix of a hold-bacX separator remain, in accordance with the separation requirements present, to the discretion of the specialist.
Furthermore, an improvement is obtainable in the pro-cess according to the invention by introducing the compressible medium under pulsating pressure. In this process, it may also be advantageous to introduce additional vibrations to the matrix during cleaning.
An apparatus for carrying out the process comprises an entry chamber, attached mostly sealed to the entry end of the matrix which has attachments for introducing the cleaning media.
In a preferred embodiment of this apparatus, the entry chamber is provided with a slider which provides for a sealed connection between the stationary entry chamber and movable matrix.
Furthermore, for the operation of the apparatus, a process may also be advantageously used in which the entry chamber moves together with the movable matrix during the washing process, the entry chamber being lifted from the matrix at the end of the washing process, and being brought back into th~ initial position.
In this process a technique may be used in which the mo-tions o the entry chamber and the matrix are automatically controlled according to a function program and in accordance with the operation of the control elements for the washing media.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cleaning magnetic material from the matrix of a magnetic separator, said matrix being cleaned with a fluid and, additionally, with a compress~
ible medium, characterized in that each o the two media is used
The present invention proposes to eliminate the drawbacks of the known processes for washing out the magnetic separation space of hold-back separators and to obtain, in an economical manner, both qualitative and quantitative improvement in the operation of magnetic separators working on the h~ld-back principle.
The above is resolved by using a compressible medium ~9~L6Z~
as an additional cleaning medium. When flowing through the matrix, the compressible medium, advantageously oil-free compressed air, undergoes a drop in pressure which is substantially lower than that of the liquid, and - when expanding - it conveys a portion of its energy to the liquid. As a result, the liquid intrudes intensively the interspace between the induction poles. In this proaess, a much better and much quicker cleaning effect is ob-tained than that in the known washing processes utilizing liquid alone.
In a preferred embodiment of the process according to the present invention, the cleaning was carried out with a mixture of a liquid and a gaseous media.
In this process, a method consisting of applying the compressible medium at elevated pressure through the matrix may also be used.
The process may advantageously also be modified in such a manner that both media be used with a shift in phase.
For example, the introduction of the compressible med-ium can be carried out somewhat after the liquid has been intro-~0 duced and it can even be contimled after the fluid medium has already been stopped.
In this case, and in accordance with the invention, one can proceed in such a manner that the phases shifted in time be at least partially overlapped.
It may also be expedient to form the cleaning process in such a manner that the duration of the phases be different from each other. For example, at the end of the washing process with the liquid, an impulse of short dura-tion with compressed air may result in the effect required.
However, the:duration of the compressed air introduc-tion may be both longer or shorter than that of the liquid.
How the details of the process in the invention should 629~
.
be modified in order to obtain the optimum cleaning of the matrix of a hold-bacX separator remain, in accordance with the separation requirements present, to the discretion of the specialist.
Furthermore, an improvement is obtainable in the pro-cess according to the invention by introducing the compressible medium under pulsating pressure. In this process, it may also be advantageous to introduce additional vibrations to the matrix during cleaning.
An apparatus for carrying out the process comprises an entry chamber, attached mostly sealed to the entry end of the matrix which has attachments for introducing the cleaning media.
In a preferred embodiment of this apparatus, the entry chamber is provided with a slider which provides for a sealed connection between the stationary entry chamber and movable matrix.
Furthermore, for the operation of the apparatus, a process may also be advantageously used in which the entry chamber moves together with the movable matrix during the washing process, the entry chamber being lifted from the matrix at the end of the washing process, and being brought back into th~ initial position.
In this process a technique may be used in which the mo-tions o the entry chamber and the matrix are automatically controlled according to a function program and in accordance with the operation of the control elements for the washing media.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cleaning magnetic material from the matrix of a magnetic separator, said matrix being cleaned with a fluid and, additionally, with a compress~
ible medium, characterized in that each o the two media is used
3~0~6Z9L
in chronological phase displacement, the ~luid medium being applied first.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cleaning of magnetic material retained by a ferromagnet matrix of a magnetic separa-tor comprising the steps of cleaning the matrix to wash free the magnetic material in a high pressure rinse, said cleaning including the steps of first introducing a liquid medium into a cleaning chamber and then separately introducing at a later time a compressed gaseous medium under high pressure and without prior mixing with the liquid medium directly into the cleaning chamber lying in sealed relationship directly above the matrix such that the liquid passing downwardly through the matrix receives additional kinetic energy as a result of the introduc-tion of the high pressure gaseous medium.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cyclically cleaning ma~netic material retained by a ferromagnetie matrix during rotation of a rotatable magnetic separator comprising the steps o~: providing a charging chamber for sealed attachment to the rotating separation chamber containing the matrix: and separately introducing a liquid eleaning medium for cleaning into a top oE
~e char~ing chamber and separately introducing a gaseous medium into the top of the eharging chamber w~len the liquid medium is p~esent.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating magnetic material, comprising: a separating chamber having a ferromagne-tic matrix associated therewith for attracting magnetic material;
a charging chamber connected in gas sealing fashion directly to a charging side of the separating chamber and matrix, means connected directly to the charging chamber for the separate -5a-~
~ ~0S~1624 introduction of a liquid medium and the separate introduction of a compressed gaseous medium directly into the charging chamber without prior mixing.
In drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention:
Figure 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of a magnetic separator according to the present invention, and Figure 2 is a cross-section of a further embod:iment of a magnetic separator in the same category, . .
~r. ~ `
--5b--6Z~
as well as a matrix with applied entry chamber.
The magnetic separator in Figure 1 comprises two pairs of magnetic poles (1-2, 3-4) in the "S-~" - "N-S" arrangement.
Between the pairs of magnetic poles 1-2 and 3-4, a ring-shaped sludge tank arrangement rotates in the direction of arrow R. The tank arrangement 5 is subdivided into cell-like separation spaces 5', 5". As shown as an example, these cells are filled up with packages of ferromagnetic bodies 13. It is such an individual cell 5', 5`' filled up with ferromagnetic bod-ies that is termed as a "matrix". The ferromagnetic bodies form-ing the induction poles may be, e.g., grooved plates, or spheri-cal, ball-shaped or other loose, filling bodies or, as also known, fillings consisting of stretched metal, iron network, etc.
Reference numerals 6 and 6` designate the two entry stations in which the material to be treated, along with the fluid carrier medium,is introduced into matrix 5`, 5" as the latter is being moved along. Entry stations 6, 6` are always within the entry region of a magnetic field present between one of the pairs of magnetic poles 1-2, 3-4. At the exit region of the magnetic field, stations 7, 7' are pro~ided for washing at medium pressure, while outside the magnetic ~ield washing stations 8, 8` are positioned in which the magneticmaterial hold back in separation spaces 5`, 5" of the matrix is cleaned com-pletely. Each of stations 8, 8` for high pressure cleaning are provided with a connection 9 for the fluid cleaning medium and with a connection 10 for the compressible medium.
Figure 2 shows a magnetic separator of the same func-tion class, in cross-section. In Figure 2, magnetic poles 1,2 -corresponding to "S-~" - are provided with magnetizing winding 11. Tank arrangement 5 rotates about rotational axis 12 between -- 6 -- .
~asl6z~
magnetic poles 1, 2. As seen, one individual matrix 5" is filled up with magnetic bodies 13. Downward, matrix 5" is closed with porous bottom part 14. selow it, recipient 15 is located in which the cleaned material is collected.
Entry chambers 16 are positioned above matrix 5" into which one connection 17 discharges the fluid cleaning medium and one connection, the compressible medium. setween matrix 5" and entry chamber 16 is located a slider 19 serving-as a sealing ele-ment, the slider 19 providing a sealed connection between the stationary entry chamber 16 and the movable separating space S"
of the matrix. The slider, via entry chamber 16 is elastically pressed against the upper edge of matrix 5" by means of spring arrangement 20.
The apparatus operates in the following manner: between each pair of poles 1-2, 3-4 '`South-North/North-South" correspond-ingly, which generates a strong magnetic field, rotates indivi-dual cell-like separation spaces 5', 5" which, in turn, as a magnetic induction pole, is provided with a filling or package of ferromagnetic bodies 13, termed as matrix. In accordance with the state of art, grooved plates, loose balls or other loose bodies made of magnetizable iron, as well as packages of stretch metal, ironwool, etc., may be used as such ferromagnetic bodies 13. Tank arrangement 5 rotates in the direction of arrow R and is driven, at approximately constant speed, by a driving mechanism, not illustrated in the drawing.
When matrix 5" enters one of the magnetic fields be-tween poles 1-2, 3-4, it will simultaneously come within the region of one of the two entry stations 6, 6' and it will, toget-her with the material to be separated, be acted upon by a sus-pension of magnetic and non-magnetic particles in a carrying-liquid. In this process, the bulk of the non-magnetic particles will be washed away through the matrix into the outElow, while the magnetically susceptible particles, as magnetic material, will be held back on the ferromagnetic bodies in the internal of the matrix. Shortly before coming out of the magnetic field, the matrix passes through station 7, or 7' for washing at medium pressure. Here, the magnetic concentrate will be washed free from the attached non-magnetic particles and sometimes, depend-ing on the energy of the cleaning process, an intermediate pro-duct will be removed as a magnetic material.
After rotating out of the region of one o the magnetic fiel~ completely, matrix 5', 5" arrives at one o~ stations 8, 8' for washing at high pressure. Here, the magnetic material held back by the separator will be washed out of the matrix by means of a liquid cleaning medium and - in accordance with the inven-tion - additionally by a compressible medium at elevated pres-sure. The liquid or compressible cleaning media will flow out of the input chamber, positioned tightly at the upper edge of the matrix, - either simultaneously or subsequently, and at elevated pressure - through the package of ferromagnetic bodies and will clean their interspaces rapidly and thoroughly from the magnetic material attached.
The non-expected effect of the invention is based on the fact that the compressible medium expands toward the bottom 14 of the separation space of the matrix, thereby carrying over at least the main part of the kinetic energy set free to the fluid cleaning medium existing in the spaces between the ferro-magnetic bodies. In this manner, the cleaning process will be ` `intensified to an unusual extent, and will be reduced in time, and - as experiments have shown - an incomparably better clean-ing is obtained in a shorter time than that which has been possible,to date utilizing exclusively a fluid medium, particular-ly when the structure of the matrix is dense~
In this process, as it has already been mentioned 1~19~62g~
above, it remains to the average specialist to coordinate the pressure conditions of both cleaning media, as well as the dura-tion of their application, to each other in an optimum manner.
In some cases, excellent results have already been obtained when, at the end of the cleaning process with the fluid medium a short and sometimes pulsating pressure impulse of the compressible med-ium, i.e., oil-free compressed air, was applied. In addition, it was also found in these experiments that the introduction of compressed air of pulsating pressure results in a particularly good and unexpectedly efficient cleaning effect. Other experi-ments in which it was the matrix that obtained vibrations during the cleaning process led also to unexpectedly good results.
A particular advantage of the process, as well as the apparatus, according to the present invention, consists of the fact that, in the case of a magnetic separator of corresponding type which is already present, it may be additionally carried out or applied as a supplementary improvement. In the case of old magnetic separator plants, it becomes possible to obtain a substantial rationalization effect at relatively low costs by way of increasing the operation results both qualitatively and quantitatively.
~ either the process nor the apparatus according to the invention is restricted to the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings and described above. The same could be modified and optimalized according to existing apparatus or work-shop or technical conditions and still come within the scope of the present invention,so long as they satisfy one of the following claims.
in chronological phase displacement, the ~luid medium being applied first.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cleaning of magnetic material retained by a ferromagnet matrix of a magnetic separa-tor comprising the steps of cleaning the matrix to wash free the magnetic material in a high pressure rinse, said cleaning including the steps of first introducing a liquid medium into a cleaning chamber and then separately introducing at a later time a compressed gaseous medium under high pressure and without prior mixing with the liquid medium directly into the cleaning chamber lying in sealed relationship directly above the matrix such that the liquid passing downwardly through the matrix receives additional kinetic energy as a result of the introduc-tion of the high pressure gaseous medium.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cyclically cleaning ma~netic material retained by a ferromagnetie matrix during rotation of a rotatable magnetic separator comprising the steps o~: providing a charging chamber for sealed attachment to the rotating separation chamber containing the matrix: and separately introducing a liquid eleaning medium for cleaning into a top oE
~e char~ing chamber and separately introducing a gaseous medium into the top of the eharging chamber w~len the liquid medium is p~esent.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for separating magnetic material, comprising: a separating chamber having a ferromagne-tic matrix associated therewith for attracting magnetic material;
a charging chamber connected in gas sealing fashion directly to a charging side of the separating chamber and matrix, means connected directly to the charging chamber for the separate -5a-~
~ ~0S~1624 introduction of a liquid medium and the separate introduction of a compressed gaseous medium directly into the charging chamber without prior mixing.
In drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention:
Figure 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of a magnetic separator according to the present invention, and Figure 2 is a cross-section of a further embod:iment of a magnetic separator in the same category, . .
~r. ~ `
--5b--6Z~
as well as a matrix with applied entry chamber.
The magnetic separator in Figure 1 comprises two pairs of magnetic poles (1-2, 3-4) in the "S-~" - "N-S" arrangement.
Between the pairs of magnetic poles 1-2 and 3-4, a ring-shaped sludge tank arrangement rotates in the direction of arrow R. The tank arrangement 5 is subdivided into cell-like separation spaces 5', 5". As shown as an example, these cells are filled up with packages of ferromagnetic bodies 13. It is such an individual cell 5', 5`' filled up with ferromagnetic bod-ies that is termed as a "matrix". The ferromagnetic bodies form-ing the induction poles may be, e.g., grooved plates, or spheri-cal, ball-shaped or other loose, filling bodies or, as also known, fillings consisting of stretched metal, iron network, etc.
Reference numerals 6 and 6` designate the two entry stations in which the material to be treated, along with the fluid carrier medium,is introduced into matrix 5`, 5" as the latter is being moved along. Entry stations 6, 6` are always within the entry region of a magnetic field present between one of the pairs of magnetic poles 1-2, 3-4. At the exit region of the magnetic field, stations 7, 7' are pro~ided for washing at medium pressure, while outside the magnetic ~ield washing stations 8, 8` are positioned in which the magneticmaterial hold back in separation spaces 5`, 5" of the matrix is cleaned com-pletely. Each of stations 8, 8` for high pressure cleaning are provided with a connection 9 for the fluid cleaning medium and with a connection 10 for the compressible medium.
Figure 2 shows a magnetic separator of the same func-tion class, in cross-section. In Figure 2, magnetic poles 1,2 -corresponding to "S-~" - are provided with magnetizing winding 11. Tank arrangement 5 rotates about rotational axis 12 between -- 6 -- .
~asl6z~
magnetic poles 1, 2. As seen, one individual matrix 5" is filled up with magnetic bodies 13. Downward, matrix 5" is closed with porous bottom part 14. selow it, recipient 15 is located in which the cleaned material is collected.
Entry chambers 16 are positioned above matrix 5" into which one connection 17 discharges the fluid cleaning medium and one connection, the compressible medium. setween matrix 5" and entry chamber 16 is located a slider 19 serving-as a sealing ele-ment, the slider 19 providing a sealed connection between the stationary entry chamber 16 and the movable separating space S"
of the matrix. The slider, via entry chamber 16 is elastically pressed against the upper edge of matrix 5" by means of spring arrangement 20.
The apparatus operates in the following manner: between each pair of poles 1-2, 3-4 '`South-North/North-South" correspond-ingly, which generates a strong magnetic field, rotates indivi-dual cell-like separation spaces 5', 5" which, in turn, as a magnetic induction pole, is provided with a filling or package of ferromagnetic bodies 13, termed as matrix. In accordance with the state of art, grooved plates, loose balls or other loose bodies made of magnetizable iron, as well as packages of stretch metal, ironwool, etc., may be used as such ferromagnetic bodies 13. Tank arrangement 5 rotates in the direction of arrow R and is driven, at approximately constant speed, by a driving mechanism, not illustrated in the drawing.
When matrix 5" enters one of the magnetic fields be-tween poles 1-2, 3-4, it will simultaneously come within the region of one of the two entry stations 6, 6' and it will, toget-her with the material to be separated, be acted upon by a sus-pension of magnetic and non-magnetic particles in a carrying-liquid. In this process, the bulk of the non-magnetic particles will be washed away through the matrix into the outElow, while the magnetically susceptible particles, as magnetic material, will be held back on the ferromagnetic bodies in the internal of the matrix. Shortly before coming out of the magnetic field, the matrix passes through station 7, or 7' for washing at medium pressure. Here, the magnetic concentrate will be washed free from the attached non-magnetic particles and sometimes, depend-ing on the energy of the cleaning process, an intermediate pro-duct will be removed as a magnetic material.
After rotating out of the region of one o the magnetic fiel~ completely, matrix 5', 5" arrives at one o~ stations 8, 8' for washing at high pressure. Here, the magnetic material held back by the separator will be washed out of the matrix by means of a liquid cleaning medium and - in accordance with the inven-tion - additionally by a compressible medium at elevated pres-sure. The liquid or compressible cleaning media will flow out of the input chamber, positioned tightly at the upper edge of the matrix, - either simultaneously or subsequently, and at elevated pressure - through the package of ferromagnetic bodies and will clean their interspaces rapidly and thoroughly from the magnetic material attached.
The non-expected effect of the invention is based on the fact that the compressible medium expands toward the bottom 14 of the separation space of the matrix, thereby carrying over at least the main part of the kinetic energy set free to the fluid cleaning medium existing in the spaces between the ferro-magnetic bodies. In this manner, the cleaning process will be ` `intensified to an unusual extent, and will be reduced in time, and - as experiments have shown - an incomparably better clean-ing is obtained in a shorter time than that which has been possible,to date utilizing exclusively a fluid medium, particular-ly when the structure of the matrix is dense~
In this process, as it has already been mentioned 1~19~62g~
above, it remains to the average specialist to coordinate the pressure conditions of both cleaning media, as well as the dura-tion of their application, to each other in an optimum manner.
In some cases, excellent results have already been obtained when, at the end of the cleaning process with the fluid medium a short and sometimes pulsating pressure impulse of the compressible med-ium, i.e., oil-free compressed air, was applied. In addition, it was also found in these experiments that the introduction of compressed air of pulsating pressure results in a particularly good and unexpectedly efficient cleaning effect. Other experi-ments in which it was the matrix that obtained vibrations during the cleaning process led also to unexpectedly good results.
A particular advantage of the process, as well as the apparatus, according to the present invention, consists of the fact that, in the case of a magnetic separator of corresponding type which is already present, it may be additionally carried out or applied as a supplementary improvement. In the case of old magnetic separator plants, it becomes possible to obtain a substantial rationalization effect at relatively low costs by way of increasing the operation results both qualitatively and quantitatively.
~ either the process nor the apparatus according to the invention is restricted to the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings and described above. The same could be modified and optimalized according to existing apparatus or work-shop or technical conditions and still come within the scope of the present invention,so long as they satisfy one of the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for cleaning of magnetic material retained by a ferromagnet matrix of a magnetic separator comprising the steps of cleaning the matrix to wash free the magnetic material in a high pressure rinse, said cleaning including the steps of first introducing a liquid medium into a cleaning chamber and then separately introducing at a later time a compressed gaseous medium under high pressure and without prior mixing with the liquid medium directly into the cleaning chamber lying in sealed relationship directly above the matrix such that the liquid passing downwardly through the matrix receives additional kine-tic energy as a result of the introduction of the high pressure gaseous medium.
2. A method according to claim 1, including the further step of at least partially overlapping the addition of the liquid medium and gaseous medium.
3. A method according to claim 1, including the step of adding the media with time durations which differ from each other.
4. A method according to claim 1, comprising the step of adding the compressible gaseous medium and liquid medium in cyclical fashion.
5. A method according to claim 1, including the step of introducing vibrations in the matrix by introduction of the liquid and gaseous media during the cleaning.
6. A method for cyclically cleaning magnetic material retained by a ferromagnetic matrix during rotation of a rotatable magnetic separator comprising the steps of:
providing a charging chamber for sealed attachment to the rotating separation chamber containing the matrix; and separately introducing a liquid cleaning medium for cleaning into a top of the charging chamber and separately introducing a gaseous medium into the top of the charging cham-ber when the liquid medium is present.
providing a charging chamber for sealed attachment to the rotating separation chamber containing the matrix; and separately introducing a liquid cleaning medium for cleaning into a top of the charging chamber and separately introducing a gaseous medium into the top of the charging cham-ber when the liquid medium is present.
7. An apparatus for separating magnetic material, com-prising:
a separating chamber having a ferromagnetic matrix associated therewith for attracting magnetic material, a charging chamber connected in gas sealing fashion directly to a charging side of the separating chamber and matrix, means connected directly to the charging chamber for the separate introduction of a liquid medium and the separate introduction of a compressed gaseous medium directly into the charging chamber without prior mixing.
a separating chamber having a ferromagnetic matrix associated therewith for attracting magnetic material, a charging chamber connected in gas sealing fashion directly to a charging side of the separating chamber and matrix, means connected directly to the charging chamber for the separate introduction of a liquid medium and the separate introduction of a compressed gaseous medium directly into the charging chamber without prior mixing.
8. An apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the charging chamber is stationary and has a sliding mem-ber means for a slidable gas sealing connection between the stationary charging chamber and the matrix of the separating chamber, said separating chamber being rotatable.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the charging chamber has directly connected thereto a first hose connected to the gaseous medium and a separate second hose connected to the liquid medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2650925A DE2650925C3 (en) | 1976-11-08 | 1976-11-08 | Magnetic separator with devices for cleaning the matrices |
| DEP2650925.1 | 1976-11-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1091624A true CA1091624A (en) | 1980-12-16 |
Family
ID=5992638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA290,130A Expired CA1091624A (en) | 1976-11-08 | 1977-11-03 | Pulsed purging of carousel-type magnetic separators |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU511236B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7707464A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1091624A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS209441B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2650925C3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1598557A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO152734C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE436544B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA776597B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL8000579A (en) * | 1980-01-30 | 1981-09-01 | Holec Nv | PROCESS FOR CLEANING A HIGH GRADIENT MAGNETIC SEPARATOR AND HIGH GRADIENT MAGNETIC SEPARATOR. |
| DE3020713A1 (en) * | 1980-05-31 | 1981-12-17 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING THE MATRIX OF A MAGNETIC SEPARATOR FROM DRAWN MAGNETIC MATERIAL OUTSIDE THE MAGNETIC FIELD |
| DE3751058T2 (en) * | 1986-08-27 | 1995-09-07 | Engelhard Corp | Magnetic cleaning of sludges. |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2735550A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | Method and device for magnetic | ||
| GB883347A (en) * | 1959-01-28 | 1961-11-29 | Jones George Henry | Improvements in method of and means for magnetically separating solid magnetic particles from a fluid current |
| GB1054807A (en) * | 1962-07-25 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| DE1277488B (en) * | 1967-06-08 | 1968-09-12 | Siemens Ag | Device for the electromagnetic removal of iron oxides from liquid |
| GB1162913A (en) * | 1967-06-13 | 1969-09-04 | Paterson Candy Internat Ltd | Improvements relating to filters with granular beds |
| DE1816859C2 (en) * | 1968-12-24 | 1971-04-08 | Siemens Ag | Device for cleaning the boiler feed water from iron oxides |
| US3613888A (en) * | 1970-04-13 | 1971-10-19 | Contra Costa County Water Dist | Filter-backwashing method |
| US3838773A (en) * | 1973-03-16 | 1974-10-01 | Massachusetts Inst Technology | Vibrating-matrix magnetic separators |
| US3902994A (en) * | 1973-05-16 | 1975-09-02 | Emanuel Maxwell | High gradient type magnetic separator with continuously moving matrix |
-
1976
- 1976-11-08 DE DE2650925A patent/DE2650925C3/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-10-26 CS CS776978A patent/CS209441B2/en unknown
- 1977-11-03 CA CA290,130A patent/CA1091624A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-04 NO NO773781A patent/NO152734C/en unknown
- 1977-11-04 ZA ZA00776597A patent/ZA776597B/en unknown
- 1977-11-07 AU AU30407/77A patent/AU511236B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-07 BR BR7707464A patent/BR7707464A/en unknown
- 1977-11-07 SE SE7712561A patent/SE436544B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-07 GB GB46288/77A patent/GB1598557A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO152734B (en) | 1985-08-05 |
| NO773781L (en) | 1978-05-09 |
| DE2650925B2 (en) | 1980-01-10 |
| GB1598557A (en) | 1981-09-23 |
| BR7707464A (en) | 1978-06-20 |
| ZA776597B (en) | 1978-08-30 |
| DE2650925C3 (en) | 1985-07-11 |
| CS209441B2 (en) | 1981-12-31 |
| SE7712561L (en) | 1978-05-09 |
| NO152734C (en) | 1985-11-13 |
| AU511236B2 (en) | 1980-08-07 |
| SE436544B (en) | 1985-01-07 |
| DE2650925A1 (en) | 1978-05-11 |
| AU3040777A (en) | 1979-05-17 |
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