CA1086283A - Waste material treating apparatus - Google Patents
Waste material treating apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1086283A CA1086283A CA265,550A CA265550A CA1086283A CA 1086283 A CA1086283 A CA 1086283A CA 265550 A CA265550 A CA 265550A CA 1086283 A CA1086283 A CA 1086283A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- breaker
- anvil
- edge
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Waste material is fed into a hopper which communicates with a chamber containing a rotating breaker component having a plurality of spaced and parallel breaker teeth secured thereto. Across one end wall of the chamber, is situated a plurality of spaced and parallel anvil members and as the teeth rotate, they pass downwardly between adjacent anvil members and break up the waste material which then passes the teeth and the anvil members to a discharge at the base of the container. A plurality of spaced and parallel cleaner elements are situated on the opposite side wall of the chamber and the teeth pass upwardly between adjacent cleaner elements and pre-vent any of the waste material from returning to the upper part of the chamber. A rotor assembly extends across the other side of the chamber and includes ro-tary tooth elements between adjacent cleaner elements to assist in cleaning debris from between said cleaner elements.
Waste material is fed into a hopper which communicates with a chamber containing a rotating breaker component having a plurality of spaced and parallel breaker teeth secured thereto. Across one end wall of the chamber, is situated a plurality of spaced and parallel anvil members and as the teeth rotate, they pass downwardly between adjacent anvil members and break up the waste material which then passes the teeth and the anvil members to a discharge at the base of the container. A plurality of spaced and parallel cleaner elements are situated on the opposite side wall of the chamber and the teeth pass upwardly between adjacent cleaner elements and pre-vent any of the waste material from returning to the upper part of the chamber. A rotor assembly extends across the other side of the chamber and includes ro-tary tooth elements between adjacent cleaner elements to assist in cleaning debris from between said cleaner elements.
Description
BACKGRO~ND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to new and useful im~
provements in waste material treating devices, parti-cularly devices which are designed for use in breaking 25 up a variety of garbage or waste material normally col-lected from buildings, industry and the likeO
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~ 1¢)86Z83 The volume of waste maerial normally includes a plurality of empty containers and awkwardly shaped components which is difficult to compress or store ei-ther for transportation purposes or for disposal pur-poses, It is desirable that this waste material be broken up into relatively small portions which not only assists in transporting same but also assists in the disposal of same either by landfill operations or the like.
There are many such devices known but they all suffer from several disadvantages, the principal one of which is that the material is not broken con-sistently ancl often jams between either the breaking teeth and the anvils or between the breaking teeth and cleaning elements situated opposite to the anvils.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
. . _ The present invention overcomes these disad-vantages inherent in conventional devices by providing a breaker element which is efficient in the breaking up .
of waste material fed to the device and which at the same time, includes a rotary cleaning component between ~ 628;~
adjacent cleaning plates to assist in maintaining the plates clear of waste material and preventing jamming occurring.
This is accomplished by a device which inclu-des a source of power and comprises in combination a feeding hopper having an open base, a chamber operatively connected to said open base and including a front wall, a rear wall and a pair of side walls, a breaker compo- :
nent journalled for rotation within said chamber and between said side walls, said breaker component spanning said chamber, said component including a cross shaft and a plurality of spaced and parallel breaker teeth secured to said shaft and extending radially therefrom, a plu-rality of anv:il assemblies secured to one wall of said chamber whereby each of said teeth passes downwardly :
between a pair of adjacent anvil assemblies, to break up waste material fed to said chamber from said hopper, a plurality of spaced and parallel cleaning elements on the opposite wall of said chamber, each of said teeth passing upwardly between adjacent a pair of said clean- :
ing elements, and a cleaning rotor assembly mounted across said cleaning elementS to assist in the clearing of waste from between said cleaning elements,the axis of said shaft extending parallel to said walls of said chamber, said shaft and said cleaning rotor assembly being operatively connected to said source of power.
1~36283 Another object of the invention is to pro-vide a device of the character herewithin described which is simple in construction, economical in manu-facture and otherwise well suited to the purpose for which it is designed, With the foregoing objects in view, and other such objects and advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention rela-tes as this specification proceeds, my invention con-sists essentially in the arrangement and construction . -of parts all as hereinafter more particularly described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:-DESCRIPTIC~ O:F I~IE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the device with the hopper removed for clarity.
Figure 2 is a section substantially along the line 2-2 of Figure lo Figure 3 is a fragmentary isometric view of part of the breaker component and part of the cleaning portion of the assemblyO
Figure 4 is a fragmentary isometric view of the anvil section of the device per se.
Figure 5 is a schematic block diagram of one embodi-ment of the electrical control circuitry.
In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Proceeding therefore to describe the invention in detail, the device may be enclosed in surrounding supporting structure collectively designated 10 which includes a compartment 11 on one side thereof within which a source of power 12 is shown schematically, connected by shaft 13 to a gear reduction assembly 14 also shown schematically. A main drive shaft 15 extends from this gear reduction component 14 and supplies power for the device.
It also includes a conventional feed hopper part of which is indicated generally by reference character 16, in Figure 2 and this hopper, which is open based, con-nects to a chamber collectively designated 17.
The chamber 17 includes a front wall 18, a rear wall 19 and a pair of side walls 20 with a discharge - ~. , ' . .' 628~
area 21 being situated in the base of the chamber.
The aforementioned shaft 15 extends across the chamber 17 being journalled within the side walls 20 and this shaft, within the chamber, constitutes what is defined as a breaker component collectively designa-ted 22.
The breaker component includes the portion of the shaft within the chamber and a plurality of breaker teeth 23 secured to the shaft in spaced and parallel relationship and extending across the chamber Each breaker tooth is ormed from a substan-tially rectangular plate and is secured centrally upon shaft 15 thus defining what is termed a minor end 24 and a major end 25, OppoSite side edges 26 diverge from the minor end 24 towards the major end 25 and the ends between these side edges are convexedly curved as illustrated by reference character 27 and these curved edges 27 are serrated or castellated as clearly shown in Figure 3.
The source of power 12 is adapted to rotate the breaker element 22 in the direction of arrow 28~
1~6%83 A diagonally situated or sloping plate 29 extends from adjacent the upper edge of the wall 19 of the chamber and terminates adjacent one edge of the discharge area 21 and this sloping plate assists in feeding waste material from the hopper downwardly to-wards the breaker component.
A plurality of spaced and parallel main an- :
vil plates 30 are welded adjacent the lower end of this plate 29 and extend upwardly therefrom and a plurality of initial anvil plates 31 are also secured adjacent the lower edge of this plate and extend out-wardly therefrom alternating with the aforementioned main anvil plates 30 and reference to Figure 4 will show the relationship of these plates one with the other.
The configuration of the main anvil plates 30, when viewed in side elevation, will show that they are bounded by an upper downwardly and inwardly in- . :
clining edge 32, a central downwardly and inclining edge 33, and a lower downwardly and outwardly inc~ning edge 34 and it will be observed that the angle of the central edge 33 is greater from the horizontal than the angle of the upper edge 32 and that the lower edge 34 extends :
1~'362~3 . .
at right angles to the lower end of edge 33 as clearly illustrated, The initial anvil plates 31 include, when viewed in side elevation, a substantially horizontal upper edge 35 and a substantially vertical front edge 36 extending at right angles from the inner end of edge 35. It will also be observed that the junction 37 bet-ween edges 35 and 36 of the initial anvil plates, ex-tends beyond the boundary of the central edge 33 of the main anvil plate 30, Reference to Figure 1 will show that the out-er ends of each breaker tooth 22 passes between adja-cent main anvil plates 30 and is in oppo~ition to the initial anvil plates31 situated between the main plates 30 and that the curved ends 27 of the breaker plates just clear the junction 37 of the initial anvil plates as the breaker teeth rotate with shaft 15, The configuration of the breaker teeth herein-before described, gives a different angle of attack bet-ween the minor end 24 and the anvil plates and between the major end 25 and the anvil plates thus facilitating the feeding and breaking of waste material from the hopper which is then deposited, after being broken, through the discharge area 21.
:
Both the periphery of the breaker teeth and the central and lower edges of the main anvil plates, are provided with steel rims manufactured from hardened steel and known in the trade as "growser" bars. How-ever, as these are conventional, it is not believed necessary to describe same further.
.:
Means are provided to prevent material broken between the teeth and the anvil plates, from jamming between the teeth and being carried upwardly and back into the portion of the chamber above the breaker com-ponenbp said means taking the form of a plurality of cleaner or check elements collectively designated 38.
These check elements take the form of a plurality of plates secured to and extending from the opposite wall 18 of the chamber, the plates extending into the cham- :
ber as clearly illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. TheSe plates are situated in spaced and parallel relationship across the chamber so that each breaker tooth passes between a pair of adjacent cleaner plates 38 as the breaker component rotates and it will be observed that :
the portions of the breaker teeth pass upwardly between .~ .
1~86:283 the cleaner elements or plates and downwardly between the main anvil plates 30O
The configuration of the cleaner elements is clearly shown in Figure 2 and includes a horizontal lower edge 39 and an upwardly and inwardly inclining ~ -front edge 40O The upper side includes a downwardly and inwardly extending edge 41 and a relatively short horizontal edge 42 which joins the upper end offront edge 40O
Growser bars are also secured to the inner portion of the lower edge 39, the inner edge 40 and a short portion of the horizontal edge 42 in order to prevent excessive wear occurring during useO
It will be observed that these plates or ele-ments extend into the chamber beyond and underneath the shaft 15 so that the entire area of the breaker teeth passes between adjacent plates as the teeth rotate thus ensuring that the material is cleaned from between the teeth each revolution, However, in order to prevent any jamming occurring between the cleaner or check elements, a rotor assembly is provided collectively designated 43.
It consists of a shaft 44 journalled for ro-tation between the side plates 20 of the chamber and spaced inwardly from the end wall 18. It also passes through each of the cleaner or check elements 38 and includes a multi-toothed cleaning rotor 45 secured to shaft 44 between each adjacent pair of plates 38 and these rotate, in planes in alignment with the corres-ponding breaker teeth which also pass between the elementsO This relationship is clearly shown in Figure 1, A sprocket gear 46 is secured to the end of shaft 15 beyond side plates 20 with a similar but smaller sprocket gear 47 being secured on the end of shaft 44. A drive chain 48 extends around the sprockets .
and drives the rotor assembly 43 in the direction of arrow 49, at a speed greater than the speed of rota-tion of the breaker component 22, It will be ~oted that the breaker component 22 and the rotor assembly 43 rotate in the same direction but the positioning of the rotor assembly facilitates clearance of material from between plates 38 and into the discharge at the base of the chamber.
In operation, waste material is fed into the hopper and then downwardly into the chamber 17.
The breaker component is rotated at a relatively slow rate and picks up and crushes material between the breaker teeth 22 and the initial and main anvil plates or elements 30 and 31 with the shape of the breaker teeth facilitating the engagement of irregular shaped objects so that they can be shredded or cut into small pieces which then fall through the discharge area 21, Any material which jams between the breaker teeth is removed as these teeth pass between the check or cleaner elements or plates 38 assisted by the rotor assembly 43 which ensures that material does not jam between these plates.
':' . ' It should be noted that although only one breaker plate is shown in Figure 2, reference to Figure 1 will show that these breaker plates extend radially from the shaft 15 in staggered array, In other words, the longitudinal axis of each plate is radially displaced from the one on either side thereof, This also facilitates the pick-up and engagement of ir-regularly shaped objects passing from the hopper into the chamber. :
Figure 5 shows one embodiment of an electrical cir-cuit for the device which, in this embodiment, shows three phrase power entering at 50 and being protected by thermal devices 51 in the usual manner.
Power is taken from the power supply 50 through trans-former Tl and routed as shown.
A current sensor coil or pick-up 52 is operatively connected to the power supply to the motor (not illustrated in Figure 5) and this current sensor is for sensing overload con-ditions.
A logic card 53 is provided together with the variousswitches and power supply logic card 54.
When a device such as this is operating, it may encoun-ter a piece of waste material which it cannot crush initially.
:' ' Conventional machines are provided with overload swing out sides but these are not always satisfactory and even when the jamming material has been cleared, other material may pre-vent proper closing of the side panel of the chamber.
In this device, if the breaker teeth engage material between the teeth and the anvil plates which cannot be broken ..
' 16)86Z83 immediately, the current sensor 52 will sense the overload con-will dition of the motor which/then sequence as follows:
The circuitry provides that some garbage or waste material will allow the unit to jam temporarily. During this jamming action, force is continually applied to overcome the obstacle and this delay is adjustable for the specific applica-tion within which the device is used.
Upon sensing a hard to crush or uncrushable object, the motor drive is reversed one half turn and then reversed again and this is repeated, in this embodiment, four times due to the make-up of the logic card which of course contains conventional solid state components.
If a successful shred has not been accomplished, after this four tries, the unit will try another four times but now reversing approximately three quarters of a turn (adjustable to suit conditions).
This has the desired action of pulling the hard to shred or crush item away from the anvil plates, moving it over and attempting to shred the object on the reverse of the teeth against the upper sides of the clearing anvil plates.
If this fails to clear the jam, then the circuitry pro-vides for cut off of the equipment and a warning light or signal 55 to appear either on the equipment or remotely therefrom de-36Z~33 pending upon design parameters.
It is believed that this jamming sequence is unique and of course it will be appreciated that the sequence itself can be varied to suit different conditions both in the number of times that the device attempts to clear the jam forwardly or the number of times that it attempts to clear the jam by reversing a greater degree so that the item is engaged between :
the back side of the teeth and the upper side of the clearing plates.
Since various modifications can be made in my inven-tion as hereinabove described, and many apparently widely dif-ferent embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specifi-cation shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
This invention relates to new and useful im~
provements in waste material treating devices, parti-cularly devices which are designed for use in breaking 25 up a variety of garbage or waste material normally col-lected from buildings, industry and the likeO
: ~ . - . ~ , . . ..
. . . . , : , .
.: : . - .: ': . : .
- . . - .. . . - :
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.. : , .
.
:. ~
.
~ 1¢)86Z83 The volume of waste maerial normally includes a plurality of empty containers and awkwardly shaped components which is difficult to compress or store ei-ther for transportation purposes or for disposal pur-poses, It is desirable that this waste material be broken up into relatively small portions which not only assists in transporting same but also assists in the disposal of same either by landfill operations or the like.
There are many such devices known but they all suffer from several disadvantages, the principal one of which is that the material is not broken con-sistently ancl often jams between either the breaking teeth and the anvils or between the breaking teeth and cleaning elements situated opposite to the anvils.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
. . _ The present invention overcomes these disad-vantages inherent in conventional devices by providing a breaker element which is efficient in the breaking up .
of waste material fed to the device and which at the same time, includes a rotary cleaning component between ~ 628;~
adjacent cleaning plates to assist in maintaining the plates clear of waste material and preventing jamming occurring.
This is accomplished by a device which inclu-des a source of power and comprises in combination a feeding hopper having an open base, a chamber operatively connected to said open base and including a front wall, a rear wall and a pair of side walls, a breaker compo- :
nent journalled for rotation within said chamber and between said side walls, said breaker component spanning said chamber, said component including a cross shaft and a plurality of spaced and parallel breaker teeth secured to said shaft and extending radially therefrom, a plu-rality of anv:il assemblies secured to one wall of said chamber whereby each of said teeth passes downwardly :
between a pair of adjacent anvil assemblies, to break up waste material fed to said chamber from said hopper, a plurality of spaced and parallel cleaning elements on the opposite wall of said chamber, each of said teeth passing upwardly between adjacent a pair of said clean- :
ing elements, and a cleaning rotor assembly mounted across said cleaning elementS to assist in the clearing of waste from between said cleaning elements,the axis of said shaft extending parallel to said walls of said chamber, said shaft and said cleaning rotor assembly being operatively connected to said source of power.
1~36283 Another object of the invention is to pro-vide a device of the character herewithin described which is simple in construction, economical in manu-facture and otherwise well suited to the purpose for which it is designed, With the foregoing objects in view, and other such objects and advantages as will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention rela-tes as this specification proceeds, my invention con-sists essentially in the arrangement and construction . -of parts all as hereinafter more particularly described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:-DESCRIPTIC~ O:F I~IE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the device with the hopper removed for clarity.
Figure 2 is a section substantially along the line 2-2 of Figure lo Figure 3 is a fragmentary isometric view of part of the breaker component and part of the cleaning portion of the assemblyO
Figure 4 is a fragmentary isometric view of the anvil section of the device per se.
Figure 5 is a schematic block diagram of one embodi-ment of the electrical control circuitry.
In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Proceeding therefore to describe the invention in detail, the device may be enclosed in surrounding supporting structure collectively designated 10 which includes a compartment 11 on one side thereof within which a source of power 12 is shown schematically, connected by shaft 13 to a gear reduction assembly 14 also shown schematically. A main drive shaft 15 extends from this gear reduction component 14 and supplies power for the device.
It also includes a conventional feed hopper part of which is indicated generally by reference character 16, in Figure 2 and this hopper, which is open based, con-nects to a chamber collectively designated 17.
The chamber 17 includes a front wall 18, a rear wall 19 and a pair of side walls 20 with a discharge - ~. , ' . .' 628~
area 21 being situated in the base of the chamber.
The aforementioned shaft 15 extends across the chamber 17 being journalled within the side walls 20 and this shaft, within the chamber, constitutes what is defined as a breaker component collectively designa-ted 22.
The breaker component includes the portion of the shaft within the chamber and a plurality of breaker teeth 23 secured to the shaft in spaced and parallel relationship and extending across the chamber Each breaker tooth is ormed from a substan-tially rectangular plate and is secured centrally upon shaft 15 thus defining what is termed a minor end 24 and a major end 25, OppoSite side edges 26 diverge from the minor end 24 towards the major end 25 and the ends between these side edges are convexedly curved as illustrated by reference character 27 and these curved edges 27 are serrated or castellated as clearly shown in Figure 3.
The source of power 12 is adapted to rotate the breaker element 22 in the direction of arrow 28~
1~6%83 A diagonally situated or sloping plate 29 extends from adjacent the upper edge of the wall 19 of the chamber and terminates adjacent one edge of the discharge area 21 and this sloping plate assists in feeding waste material from the hopper downwardly to-wards the breaker component.
A plurality of spaced and parallel main an- :
vil plates 30 are welded adjacent the lower end of this plate 29 and extend upwardly therefrom and a plurality of initial anvil plates 31 are also secured adjacent the lower edge of this plate and extend out-wardly therefrom alternating with the aforementioned main anvil plates 30 and reference to Figure 4 will show the relationship of these plates one with the other.
The configuration of the main anvil plates 30, when viewed in side elevation, will show that they are bounded by an upper downwardly and inwardly in- . :
clining edge 32, a central downwardly and inclining edge 33, and a lower downwardly and outwardly inc~ning edge 34 and it will be observed that the angle of the central edge 33 is greater from the horizontal than the angle of the upper edge 32 and that the lower edge 34 extends :
1~'362~3 . .
at right angles to the lower end of edge 33 as clearly illustrated, The initial anvil plates 31 include, when viewed in side elevation, a substantially horizontal upper edge 35 and a substantially vertical front edge 36 extending at right angles from the inner end of edge 35. It will also be observed that the junction 37 bet-ween edges 35 and 36 of the initial anvil plates, ex-tends beyond the boundary of the central edge 33 of the main anvil plate 30, Reference to Figure 1 will show that the out-er ends of each breaker tooth 22 passes between adja-cent main anvil plates 30 and is in oppo~ition to the initial anvil plates31 situated between the main plates 30 and that the curved ends 27 of the breaker plates just clear the junction 37 of the initial anvil plates as the breaker teeth rotate with shaft 15, The configuration of the breaker teeth herein-before described, gives a different angle of attack bet-ween the minor end 24 and the anvil plates and between the major end 25 and the anvil plates thus facilitating the feeding and breaking of waste material from the hopper which is then deposited, after being broken, through the discharge area 21.
:
Both the periphery of the breaker teeth and the central and lower edges of the main anvil plates, are provided with steel rims manufactured from hardened steel and known in the trade as "growser" bars. How-ever, as these are conventional, it is not believed necessary to describe same further.
.:
Means are provided to prevent material broken between the teeth and the anvil plates, from jamming between the teeth and being carried upwardly and back into the portion of the chamber above the breaker com-ponenbp said means taking the form of a plurality of cleaner or check elements collectively designated 38.
These check elements take the form of a plurality of plates secured to and extending from the opposite wall 18 of the chamber, the plates extending into the cham- :
ber as clearly illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. TheSe plates are situated in spaced and parallel relationship across the chamber so that each breaker tooth passes between a pair of adjacent cleaner plates 38 as the breaker component rotates and it will be observed that :
the portions of the breaker teeth pass upwardly between .~ .
1~86:283 the cleaner elements or plates and downwardly between the main anvil plates 30O
The configuration of the cleaner elements is clearly shown in Figure 2 and includes a horizontal lower edge 39 and an upwardly and inwardly inclining ~ -front edge 40O The upper side includes a downwardly and inwardly extending edge 41 and a relatively short horizontal edge 42 which joins the upper end offront edge 40O
Growser bars are also secured to the inner portion of the lower edge 39, the inner edge 40 and a short portion of the horizontal edge 42 in order to prevent excessive wear occurring during useO
It will be observed that these plates or ele-ments extend into the chamber beyond and underneath the shaft 15 so that the entire area of the breaker teeth passes between adjacent plates as the teeth rotate thus ensuring that the material is cleaned from between the teeth each revolution, However, in order to prevent any jamming occurring between the cleaner or check elements, a rotor assembly is provided collectively designated 43.
It consists of a shaft 44 journalled for ro-tation between the side plates 20 of the chamber and spaced inwardly from the end wall 18. It also passes through each of the cleaner or check elements 38 and includes a multi-toothed cleaning rotor 45 secured to shaft 44 between each adjacent pair of plates 38 and these rotate, in planes in alignment with the corres-ponding breaker teeth which also pass between the elementsO This relationship is clearly shown in Figure 1, A sprocket gear 46 is secured to the end of shaft 15 beyond side plates 20 with a similar but smaller sprocket gear 47 being secured on the end of shaft 44. A drive chain 48 extends around the sprockets .
and drives the rotor assembly 43 in the direction of arrow 49, at a speed greater than the speed of rota-tion of the breaker component 22, It will be ~oted that the breaker component 22 and the rotor assembly 43 rotate in the same direction but the positioning of the rotor assembly facilitates clearance of material from between plates 38 and into the discharge at the base of the chamber.
In operation, waste material is fed into the hopper and then downwardly into the chamber 17.
The breaker component is rotated at a relatively slow rate and picks up and crushes material between the breaker teeth 22 and the initial and main anvil plates or elements 30 and 31 with the shape of the breaker teeth facilitating the engagement of irregular shaped objects so that they can be shredded or cut into small pieces which then fall through the discharge area 21, Any material which jams between the breaker teeth is removed as these teeth pass between the check or cleaner elements or plates 38 assisted by the rotor assembly 43 which ensures that material does not jam between these plates.
':' . ' It should be noted that although only one breaker plate is shown in Figure 2, reference to Figure 1 will show that these breaker plates extend radially from the shaft 15 in staggered array, In other words, the longitudinal axis of each plate is radially displaced from the one on either side thereof, This also facilitates the pick-up and engagement of ir-regularly shaped objects passing from the hopper into the chamber. :
Figure 5 shows one embodiment of an electrical cir-cuit for the device which, in this embodiment, shows three phrase power entering at 50 and being protected by thermal devices 51 in the usual manner.
Power is taken from the power supply 50 through trans-former Tl and routed as shown.
A current sensor coil or pick-up 52 is operatively connected to the power supply to the motor (not illustrated in Figure 5) and this current sensor is for sensing overload con-ditions.
A logic card 53 is provided together with the variousswitches and power supply logic card 54.
When a device such as this is operating, it may encoun-ter a piece of waste material which it cannot crush initially.
:' ' Conventional machines are provided with overload swing out sides but these are not always satisfactory and even when the jamming material has been cleared, other material may pre-vent proper closing of the side panel of the chamber.
In this device, if the breaker teeth engage material between the teeth and the anvil plates which cannot be broken ..
' 16)86Z83 immediately, the current sensor 52 will sense the overload con-will dition of the motor which/then sequence as follows:
The circuitry provides that some garbage or waste material will allow the unit to jam temporarily. During this jamming action, force is continually applied to overcome the obstacle and this delay is adjustable for the specific applica-tion within which the device is used.
Upon sensing a hard to crush or uncrushable object, the motor drive is reversed one half turn and then reversed again and this is repeated, in this embodiment, four times due to the make-up of the logic card which of course contains conventional solid state components.
If a successful shred has not been accomplished, after this four tries, the unit will try another four times but now reversing approximately three quarters of a turn (adjustable to suit conditions).
This has the desired action of pulling the hard to shred or crush item away from the anvil plates, moving it over and attempting to shred the object on the reverse of the teeth against the upper sides of the clearing anvil plates.
If this fails to clear the jam, then the circuitry pro-vides for cut off of the equipment and a warning light or signal 55 to appear either on the equipment or remotely therefrom de-36Z~33 pending upon design parameters.
It is believed that this jamming sequence is unique and of course it will be appreciated that the sequence itself can be varied to suit different conditions both in the number of times that the device attempts to clear the jam forwardly or the number of times that it attempts to clear the jam by reversing a greater degree so that the item is engaged between :
the back side of the teeth and the upper side of the clearing plates.
Since various modifications can be made in my inven-tion as hereinabove described, and many apparently widely dif-ferent embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specifi-cation shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
Claims
WHAT I CLAIM AS MY INVENTION IS:
(1) A waste material treating device includ-ing a source of power and comprising in combination a feeding hopper having an open base, a chamber operati-vely connected to said open base and including a front wall, a rear wall and a pair of side walls, a breaker component journalled for rotation within said chamber and between said side walls, said breaker component spanning said chamber,said component including a cross shaft and a plurality of spaced and parallel breaker teeth secured to said shaft and extending radially therefrom, a plurality of anvil assemblies secured to one wall of said chamber whereby each of said teeth passes downwardly between a pair of adjacent anvil assemblies, to break up waste material fed to said chamber from said hopper, a plurality of spaced and parallel cleaning elements on the opposite wall of said chamber, each of said teeth passing upwardly bet-ween adjacent a pair of said cleaning elements, and a cleaning rotor assembly mounted across said cleaning elements to assist in the clearing of waste from bet-ween said cleaning elements, the axis of said shaft extending parallel to said walls of said chamber, said shaft and said cleaning rotor assembly being operatively connected to said source of power.
(2) The device according to Claim 1 in which each of said breaker teeth comprises a substantially rectangular plate secured to said shaft centrally thereof, said plate including a minor end and a major end, the opposite side edges of said plate diverging from one another from said minor end towards said major end, the end edges of said plate between the ends of said opposide side edges being convexedly curved and having a plurality of breaker serrations on said edges.
(3) The device according to Claim 1 in which said anvil assemblies include a plurality of spaced and parallel main anvil plates secured to and extending from said one wall of said chamber and a plurality of spaced and parallel initial anvil plates also extending from said one wall of said chamber, said main and said ini-tial anvil plates alternating across said one wall, each of said breaker teeth rotating in the same plane as a corresponding initial anvil plate and passing between the distal ends of a pair of adjacent main anvil plates.
(4) The device according to Claim 2 in which said anvil assemblies include a plurality of spaced and parallel main anvil plates secured to and extending from said one wall of said chamber and a plurality of spaced and parallel initial anvil plates also extending from said one wall of said chamber, said main and said ini-tial anvil plates alternating across said one wall, each of said breaker teeth rotating in the same plane as a corresponding initial anvil plate and passing between the distal ends of a pair of adjacent main anvil plates.
(5) The device according to Claim 3 in which said one wall of said chamber includes a lower portion extending upwardly and outwardly from said open base of said chamber, each of said main anvil plates having a downwardly and inwardly inclining upper edge, a cen-tral edge also inclining inwardly and downwardly but at a greater angle to said upper edge and a lower edge ex-tending at right angles from the lower end of said cen-tral edge and extending downwardly and outwardly there-from, each of said initial anvil plates having a hori-zontal upper edge and a vertical inner edge with the junction between said edges extending into said chamber beyond the said central edge of said main anvil plate.
(6) The device according to Claim 4 in which said one wall of said chamber includes a lower portion extending upwardly and outwardly from said open base of said chamber, each of said main anvil plates having a downwardly and inwardly inclining upper edge, a cen-tral edge also inclining inwardly and downwardly but at a greater angle to said upper edge and a lower edge ex-tending at right angles from the lower end of said cen-tral edge and extending downwardly and outwardly there-from, each of said initial anvil plates having a hori-zontal upper edge and a vertical inner edge with the junction between said edges extending into said chamber beyond the said central edge of said main anvil plate.
(7) The device according to Claims 1, 2 or 3 in which said cleaning rotor assembly includes a shaft journalled for rotation between said side walls of said chamber and spaced and parallel to said breaker compo-nent, said rotor assembly extending transversely through said cleaning elements, forwardly of said opposite side walls of said chamber, and a plurality of multi-toothed cleaning rotors secured to said shaft, each rotor being situated between a pair of cleaning elements and being situated opposite a corresponding breaker tooth, said breaker teeth and said rotor rotating in the same di-rection.
(8) The device according to Claims 4, 5 or 6 in which said cleaning rotor assembly includes a shaft journalled for rotation between said side walls of said chamber and spaced and parallel to said breaker compo-nent, said rotor assembly extending transversely through said cleaning elements, forwardly of said opposite side walls of said chamber, and a plurality of multi-toothed cleaning rotors secured to said shaft, each rotor being situated between a pair of cleaning elements and being situated opposite a corresponding breaker tooth, said breaker teeth and said rotor rotating in the same di-rection.
(1) A waste material treating device includ-ing a source of power and comprising in combination a feeding hopper having an open base, a chamber operati-vely connected to said open base and including a front wall, a rear wall and a pair of side walls, a breaker component journalled for rotation within said chamber and between said side walls, said breaker component spanning said chamber,said component including a cross shaft and a plurality of spaced and parallel breaker teeth secured to said shaft and extending radially therefrom, a plurality of anvil assemblies secured to one wall of said chamber whereby each of said teeth passes downwardly between a pair of adjacent anvil assemblies, to break up waste material fed to said chamber from said hopper, a plurality of spaced and parallel cleaning elements on the opposite wall of said chamber, each of said teeth passing upwardly bet-ween adjacent a pair of said cleaning elements, and a cleaning rotor assembly mounted across said cleaning elements to assist in the clearing of waste from bet-ween said cleaning elements, the axis of said shaft extending parallel to said walls of said chamber, said shaft and said cleaning rotor assembly being operatively connected to said source of power.
(2) The device according to Claim 1 in which each of said breaker teeth comprises a substantially rectangular plate secured to said shaft centrally thereof, said plate including a minor end and a major end, the opposite side edges of said plate diverging from one another from said minor end towards said major end, the end edges of said plate between the ends of said opposide side edges being convexedly curved and having a plurality of breaker serrations on said edges.
(3) The device according to Claim 1 in which said anvil assemblies include a plurality of spaced and parallel main anvil plates secured to and extending from said one wall of said chamber and a plurality of spaced and parallel initial anvil plates also extending from said one wall of said chamber, said main and said ini-tial anvil plates alternating across said one wall, each of said breaker teeth rotating in the same plane as a corresponding initial anvil plate and passing between the distal ends of a pair of adjacent main anvil plates.
(4) The device according to Claim 2 in which said anvil assemblies include a plurality of spaced and parallel main anvil plates secured to and extending from said one wall of said chamber and a plurality of spaced and parallel initial anvil plates also extending from said one wall of said chamber, said main and said ini-tial anvil plates alternating across said one wall, each of said breaker teeth rotating in the same plane as a corresponding initial anvil plate and passing between the distal ends of a pair of adjacent main anvil plates.
(5) The device according to Claim 3 in which said one wall of said chamber includes a lower portion extending upwardly and outwardly from said open base of said chamber, each of said main anvil plates having a downwardly and inwardly inclining upper edge, a cen-tral edge also inclining inwardly and downwardly but at a greater angle to said upper edge and a lower edge ex-tending at right angles from the lower end of said cen-tral edge and extending downwardly and outwardly there-from, each of said initial anvil plates having a hori-zontal upper edge and a vertical inner edge with the junction between said edges extending into said chamber beyond the said central edge of said main anvil plate.
(6) The device according to Claim 4 in which said one wall of said chamber includes a lower portion extending upwardly and outwardly from said open base of said chamber, each of said main anvil plates having a downwardly and inwardly inclining upper edge, a cen-tral edge also inclining inwardly and downwardly but at a greater angle to said upper edge and a lower edge ex-tending at right angles from the lower end of said cen-tral edge and extending downwardly and outwardly there-from, each of said initial anvil plates having a hori-zontal upper edge and a vertical inner edge with the junction between said edges extending into said chamber beyond the said central edge of said main anvil plate.
(7) The device according to Claims 1, 2 or 3 in which said cleaning rotor assembly includes a shaft journalled for rotation between said side walls of said chamber and spaced and parallel to said breaker compo-nent, said rotor assembly extending transversely through said cleaning elements, forwardly of said opposite side walls of said chamber, and a plurality of multi-toothed cleaning rotors secured to said shaft, each rotor being situated between a pair of cleaning elements and being situated opposite a corresponding breaker tooth, said breaker teeth and said rotor rotating in the same di-rection.
(8) The device according to Claims 4, 5 or 6 in which said cleaning rotor assembly includes a shaft journalled for rotation between said side walls of said chamber and spaced and parallel to said breaker compo-nent, said rotor assembly extending transversely through said cleaning elements, forwardly of said opposite side walls of said chamber, and a plurality of multi-toothed cleaning rotors secured to said shaft, each rotor being situated between a pair of cleaning elements and being situated opposite a corresponding breaker tooth, said breaker teeth and said rotor rotating in the same di-rection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA265,550A CA1086283A (en) | 1976-11-12 | 1976-11-12 | Waste material treating apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA265,550A CA1086283A (en) | 1976-11-12 | 1976-11-12 | Waste material treating apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1086283A true CA1086283A (en) | 1980-09-23 |
Family
ID=4107257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA265,550A Expired CA1086283A (en) | 1976-11-12 | 1976-11-12 | Waste material treating apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1086283A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1986004268A1 (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1986-07-31 | Byers, Michael, Richard | Apparatus for collecting and discharging waste material |
-
1976
- 1976-11-12 CA CA265,550A patent/CA1086283A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1986004268A1 (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1986-07-31 | Byers, Michael, Richard | Apparatus for collecting and discharging waste material |
| GB2190605A (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1987-11-25 | Byers Michael Richard | Apparatus for collecting and discharging waste material |
| US5019253A (en) * | 1985-01-24 | 1991-05-28 | Micharel Richard Byers | Apparatus for collecting and discharging waste material |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |