CA1086096A - Vibrating device - Google Patents
Vibrating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1086096A CA1086096A CA309,293A CA309293A CA1086096A CA 1086096 A CA1086096 A CA 1086096A CA 309293 A CA309293 A CA 309293A CA 1086096 A CA1086096 A CA 1086096A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- mass
- gear
- axis
- radially
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
- B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
- B06B1/167—Orbital vibrators having masses being driven by planetary gearings, rotating cranks or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
- Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
- Y10T74/18344—Unbalanced weights
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
- Y10T74/18544—Rotary to gyratory
- Y10T74/18552—Unbalanced weight
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A vibrating device having a mass rotated about a first shaft while the first shaft is rotated about a second shaft.
A vibrating device having a mass rotated about a first shaft while the first shaft is rotated about a second shaft.
Description
.
:. The present invention relates to vibrating devices and more particularly but not exclusively-to vi~rating devices for ploughs.
It is desirable when applying a vibrating force to the frame of a plough, as well as other pieces of equipment, that a component of the vibration force be aligned in a particular direction, or number of directions.
It is also desirable for the device to ~e compact and provide a large vibra-. tion force for its size and weight.
~. In devices which employ centripetal forces to supply a vibration ;............. it can be seen that since the centripetal force = mrw2; where m is the mass - 10 of the object being rotated, r is the radius of rotation and w is the . angular velocity of the object; the method of increasing the vibration force without increasing the size and weight of the device is to increase the angular velocity.
Keeping the above in mind the present invention provides a vibrating device comprising a housing, a rotatable first shaft supported by and located in said housing, a first and a second mass to be rotated within said housing to vibrate the device, first means mounting each of the masses on said first . shaft at positions radially spaced from the axis of said first shaft, said first means including an arm fixed to said first shaft and having two
:. The present invention relates to vibrating devices and more particularly but not exclusively-to vi~rating devices for ploughs.
It is desirable when applying a vibrating force to the frame of a plough, as well as other pieces of equipment, that a component of the vibration force be aligned in a particular direction, or number of directions.
It is also desirable for the device to ~e compact and provide a large vibra-. tion force for its size and weight.
~. In devices which employ centripetal forces to supply a vibration ;............. it can be seen that since the centripetal force = mrw2; where m is the mass - 10 of the object being rotated, r is the radius of rotation and w is the . angular velocity of the object; the method of increasing the vibration force without increasing the size and weight of the device is to increase the angular velocity.
Keeping the above in mind the present invention provides a vibrating device comprising a housing, a rotatable first shaft supported by and located in said housing, a first and a second mass to be rotated within said housing to vibrate the device, first means mounting each of the masses on said first . shaft at positions radially spaced from the axis of said first shaft, said first means including an arm fixed to said first shaft and having two
2~ radially opposite sections, which sections extend radially outwardly from ~: said first shaft in opposite directions, a second shaft rotatably attaching said first mass to a radially outer portion of one of said sections so that . the centre of gravity of said first mass is radially spaced from the axis ~:~ said second shaft, a third shaft rotatably attaching said second mass to . a radially outer portion of the other section to said one section so that ~ the centre o:E gravity of said second mass is radially spaced from the axis .~ o~ sa:id third shaft, and second means to rotate said first mass about the axis of said second shaft and said second mass about -the axis of said third ', ' ': ' ' . . . ;: , ' .: .
.. . . .. ...
: . . . . .
. ' `~ ~ ' . ' , 6~9116 ., shaft, in phase vith said first mass, when said arm is rota~ed about the axisof said first sh~ft.
Preferred forms of t~e present inventlon will now be .':
.
.
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~ 6~96 described by way of example with reference to the accompanying : drawings wlnerein:
Fig. 1 is a sectioned plan view of a vibrating device ;...
- embodying the presen-t invention;
Fig. 2 is a part :Eront eleva-tion of the device of : Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a part front elevation of a further embodiment of .~ the present invention and ; Fig. 4 is a sectioned plan view of the device of Fig. 3.
, 10 The embodiment.of Figs. 1 and 2 develops a vibration ~i force by rotating the mass 22 about the longitudinal axis of , shaft 21 as well as about the longitudinal axis of shaft 18.
' Additionally, a centripetal force also results from the rotation of arms 19 about the longitudinal axis of shaft 18, but this cen-tripetal force is small compared with the two centripetal forces supplied by the rotation of mass 22.
' rrhe vibrating device 10 depicted has a sp;it housing -. of three parts 11, 12 and 20 secured together by bolts 13, of which not all are illustrated. Supported by bearings 14 and 15, located in bearing supports 16 and 1~, is the drive shaft 18 -to which is fixed radially extending arms 19. Extending ,~' hetween the arms 19 is the shaft 21 which rotatably supports the gear 23 and mass 22 fixed thereto. The gear 23 is in ~` meshing engagement with the internal gear 24 which is fi~ed I C ~ 56 Q ~ 6~Y;
relative to the housing 20~c~e~e~tL~ by rotating the arms 1~ ~he gear 23 and mass 22 revolve about the shaft 18 in a planetary motion. It should be noted that with the present arrangement the ratio of the diameters of gears 23~and 24 is . approximately 1 to 3, thus the angular velocity of gear 23 about its longitudinal axis is three times the angular velocity .~ - 3 -.~ ~
~ . ~ , , .
~` . .
'`' ' .' ' .: ' ' ,' " `
`,~' ` ' ' ~ '.
" , ' , ' . ., '' '. ' ~ ' ' ' , ' . ! " ,~, ,~' . , ' 36~6 ~ of the arms 19 (and shaft 18). Thus the cen-trlpetal force : created by rotating mass 22 about the shaft 21 is the largest :~ of the three forces.
By altering the ratio of the two gears 23 and 24 as :~ well as the starting positions of the various rotating parts, . the direction of maximum force is determined as well as its ~ magnitude, given a predetermined angular velocity for shaft -~ 18. A position of maximum force is illustrated in Fig. 2 ~, while a position of minimum force is illustra-ted by the dashed lines.
. . .
The above described embodiment has several drawbacks in that the full capacity of the device is not utilised, while probably the most prominent drawback is that an oscillating torque is applied to the drive shaft 18. The oscillating torque is the result of the mass 22 moving toward and away from shaft 18 and the fact that its angular momentum will - remain constant if not acted upon by an outside force. As the mass 22 moves toward the shaft 18 it will try to accelerate the shaft 18 in an attempt to increase its angular velocity in an attempt to maintain its angular momentum. Additionally the : mass 22 will apply an alternating positive and negative torque -to -the shaEt 18 due to the centripetal force, created by its ro-ta-tion about shaft 21, acting at a radius from the shaft 18.
To avoid an oscillating torque being applied to shaft 18 and thus substantially isolate the drive from any ill-e.EEects thereof, -the above embodiment has been modified to . provide the embodiment of Fig. 3.
,` Referring now -to Figs. 3 and 4 wherein the elements .~ of the vibrating device 100 which are the same as the elements of the device 10 of Figs. 1 and 2 have been given the same ..
, . . . ' .
' ' : ' - :
.
.:
6~96 - reference n~mbers, lt can be seen -tha~ -the ~rms 101 are 6~
ovided at t-~ ex-tremities with two gears 102 and 103 and -two ~ aSses 104 and 105 attached respectively to the tWo gearS 102 and 103. The gears 102 and 103 are in meshing engagement with the gear 108 and are rotatably suppor-ted by shafts 106 and 107.
With this arrangement clockwise rotation of arms 101 at a conStant angular velocity cauSes clockwise rotation Of both masses 104 and 105 via gears 102 and 103, and since the masses 104 and 105 are in phase the total angular momentum of the moving assembly consisting of the arms 101, gears 102 and 103, and masses 104 and 105 remains substantially constant.
Additionally, the centripetal forces created by the masses 104 and 105 rotating about shafts 106 and 107 apply torques to shaft 18 in opposite directions, thus cancelling out. However, it should be appreciated that the arms 101 are subjected to a bending moment about the longitudinal axis of shaft 18 as a result of the individual changes in angular momentum of the masses 104 and 105. The gear ratio is approximately 1 to 3.
i; Thus the embodiment of Fig. 3 provides a vibrating device which is smoother in operation than the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 provided that the masses 104 and 105 are equal.
; The embodlments o~ Figs. 1 to 4 are only two examples of devices which incorporate the present invention, accordingly it should be appreciated that the invention is not limited to o~
any particular gear ratlo, or number of masses or gears,tphase relationship of the masses, and further that the location o~
the gears is not restricted to the particular embodiments since the gear 108 could just as easily be rotated in addition to, or instead of, shaft 18.
: ~ .
. .
.
.;, ~ . . . . .
. ~ ~ .. . .
: : .
';' . ' . . , . . . :, ' , , ' . , ,.' :
.. . . . . . . .
.: , . . - . .
- .. . , . .. ~ .
.. . . .. ...
: . . . . .
. ' `~ ~ ' . ' , 6~9116 ., shaft, in phase vith said first mass, when said arm is rota~ed about the axisof said first sh~ft.
Preferred forms of t~e present inventlon will now be .':
.
.
,:.
"~'i, ;
., ':
. ..
' "
~`
'. :
:"
-2a : ~` ' ' . `', ' ' ' ~ ' ' .", , ? . . ~ .
. ~ , . .. . . .
~ 6~96 described by way of example with reference to the accompanying : drawings wlnerein:
Fig. 1 is a sectioned plan view of a vibrating device ;...
- embodying the presen-t invention;
Fig. 2 is a part :Eront eleva-tion of the device of : Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a part front elevation of a further embodiment of .~ the present invention and ; Fig. 4 is a sectioned plan view of the device of Fig. 3.
, 10 The embodiment.of Figs. 1 and 2 develops a vibration ~i force by rotating the mass 22 about the longitudinal axis of , shaft 21 as well as about the longitudinal axis of shaft 18.
' Additionally, a centripetal force also results from the rotation of arms 19 about the longitudinal axis of shaft 18, but this cen-tripetal force is small compared with the two centripetal forces supplied by the rotation of mass 22.
' rrhe vibrating device 10 depicted has a sp;it housing -. of three parts 11, 12 and 20 secured together by bolts 13, of which not all are illustrated. Supported by bearings 14 and 15, located in bearing supports 16 and 1~, is the drive shaft 18 -to which is fixed radially extending arms 19. Extending ,~' hetween the arms 19 is the shaft 21 which rotatably supports the gear 23 and mass 22 fixed thereto. The gear 23 is in ~` meshing engagement with the internal gear 24 which is fi~ed I C ~ 56 Q ~ 6~Y;
relative to the housing 20~c~e~e~tL~ by rotating the arms 1~ ~he gear 23 and mass 22 revolve about the shaft 18 in a planetary motion. It should be noted that with the present arrangement the ratio of the diameters of gears 23~and 24 is . approximately 1 to 3, thus the angular velocity of gear 23 about its longitudinal axis is three times the angular velocity .~ - 3 -.~ ~
~ . ~ , , .
~` . .
'`' ' .' ' .: ' ' ,' " `
`,~' ` ' ' ~ '.
" , ' , ' . ., '' '. ' ~ ' ' ' , ' . ! " ,~, ,~' . , ' 36~6 ~ of the arms 19 (and shaft 18). Thus the cen-trlpetal force : created by rotating mass 22 about the shaft 21 is the largest :~ of the three forces.
By altering the ratio of the two gears 23 and 24 as :~ well as the starting positions of the various rotating parts, . the direction of maximum force is determined as well as its ~ magnitude, given a predetermined angular velocity for shaft -~ 18. A position of maximum force is illustrated in Fig. 2 ~, while a position of minimum force is illustra-ted by the dashed lines.
. . .
The above described embodiment has several drawbacks in that the full capacity of the device is not utilised, while probably the most prominent drawback is that an oscillating torque is applied to the drive shaft 18. The oscillating torque is the result of the mass 22 moving toward and away from shaft 18 and the fact that its angular momentum will - remain constant if not acted upon by an outside force. As the mass 22 moves toward the shaft 18 it will try to accelerate the shaft 18 in an attempt to increase its angular velocity in an attempt to maintain its angular momentum. Additionally the : mass 22 will apply an alternating positive and negative torque -to -the shaEt 18 due to the centripetal force, created by its ro-ta-tion about shaft 21, acting at a radius from the shaft 18.
To avoid an oscillating torque being applied to shaft 18 and thus substantially isolate the drive from any ill-e.EEects thereof, -the above embodiment has been modified to . provide the embodiment of Fig. 3.
,` Referring now -to Figs. 3 and 4 wherein the elements .~ of the vibrating device 100 which are the same as the elements of the device 10 of Figs. 1 and 2 have been given the same ..
, . . . ' .
' ' : ' - :
.
.:
6~96 - reference n~mbers, lt can be seen -tha~ -the ~rms 101 are 6~
ovided at t-~ ex-tremities with two gears 102 and 103 and -two ~ aSses 104 and 105 attached respectively to the tWo gearS 102 and 103. The gears 102 and 103 are in meshing engagement with the gear 108 and are rotatably suppor-ted by shafts 106 and 107.
With this arrangement clockwise rotation of arms 101 at a conStant angular velocity cauSes clockwise rotation Of both masses 104 and 105 via gears 102 and 103, and since the masses 104 and 105 are in phase the total angular momentum of the moving assembly consisting of the arms 101, gears 102 and 103, and masses 104 and 105 remains substantially constant.
Additionally, the centripetal forces created by the masses 104 and 105 rotating about shafts 106 and 107 apply torques to shaft 18 in opposite directions, thus cancelling out. However, it should be appreciated that the arms 101 are subjected to a bending moment about the longitudinal axis of shaft 18 as a result of the individual changes in angular momentum of the masses 104 and 105. The gear ratio is approximately 1 to 3.
i; Thus the embodiment of Fig. 3 provides a vibrating device which is smoother in operation than the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 provided that the masses 104 and 105 are equal.
; The embodlments o~ Figs. 1 to 4 are only two examples of devices which incorporate the present invention, accordingly it should be appreciated that the invention is not limited to o~
any particular gear ratlo, or number of masses or gears,tphase relationship of the masses, and further that the location o~
the gears is not restricted to the particular embodiments since the gear 108 could just as easily be rotated in addition to, or instead of, shaft 18.
: ~ .
. .
.
.;, ~ . . . . .
. ~ ~ .. . .
: : .
';' . ' . . , . . . :, ' , , ' . , ,.' :
.. . . . . . . .
.: , . . - . .
- .. . , . .. ~ .
Claims (4)
IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A vibrating device comprising a housing, a rotatable first shaft supported by and located in said housing, a first and a second mass to be rotated within said housing to vibrate the device, first means mounting each of the masses on said first shaft at positions radially spaced from the axis of said first shaft, said first means including an arm fixed to said first shaft and having two radially opposite sections, which sections extend radially outwardly from said first shaft in opposite directions, a second shaft rotatably attaching said first mass to a radially outer portion of one of said sections so that the centre of gravity of said first mass is radially spaced from the axis of said second shaft, a third shaft rotatably attaching said second mass to a radially outer portion of the other section to said one section so that the centre of gravity of said second mass is radially spaced from the axis of said third shaft, and second means to rotate said first mass about the axis of said second shaft and said second mass about the axis of said third shaft, in phase with said first mass, when said arm is rotated about the axis of said first shaft.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said masses have equal weight and their respective shafts are equally spaced from the longitudinal axis of said first shaft, and the centres of gravity of the masses are equally spaced from the longitudinal axis of their respective shaft.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein said second means includes a stationary first gear, a second gear attached to said second shaft and mesh-ingly engaged with said first gear, and a third gear attached to said third shaft and meshingly engaged with said first gear.
4. The device of claim 3 wherein the ratio of said first gear to said second gear and said third gear is 3:1.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPD1307 | 1977-08-19 | ||
| AUPD130777 | 1977-08-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1086096A true CA1086096A (en) | 1980-09-23 |
Family
ID=3767138
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA309,293A Expired CA1086096A (en) | 1977-08-19 | 1978-08-14 | Vibrating device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4241615A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1086096A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2003252B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ188087A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA784493B (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4856358A (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1989-08-15 | Montalbano Paul J | Conversion of rotational output to linear force |
| US4712439A (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-12-15 | Henry North | Apparatus for producing a force |
| DE3805687A1 (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1988-06-30 | Hans Kotscha | Flywheel having centrifugal force converter |
| US5042313A (en) * | 1990-01-24 | 1991-08-27 | Montalbano Paul J | Conversion of rotational output to linear force--a transmission |
| US5064053A (en) * | 1990-10-24 | 1991-11-12 | Carrier Vibrating Equipment, Inc. | Vibratory drive system for a vibratory conveyor apparatus and a conveyor apparatus having same |
| US5150626A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-09-29 | Navarro Thomas L | Apparatus with rotatably-driven asymmetrically-accelerated eccentric mass for generating translational force |
| US5388470A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-02-14 | Marsh, Jr.; Richard O. | Centrifugal force drive machine |
| US5388469A (en) * | 1994-01-04 | 1995-02-14 | Woltering; Howard M. | Rotating eccentric weights vibrator system |
| US5473957A (en) * | 1994-03-21 | 1995-12-12 | Navarro; Thomas L. | System for generating controllable reference environment and steerable translational force from interaction therewith |
| US5697733A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1997-12-16 | Marsh, Jr.; Richard O. | Centrifugal force vibration apparatus and system |
| US5829304A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1998-11-03 | Woltering; Howard M. | Simple inexpensive vibrator |
| US6234718B1 (en) | 1999-03-26 | 2001-05-22 | Case Corporation | Vibratory apparatus |
| US20020194939A1 (en) * | 2001-06-20 | 2002-12-26 | Cox James Edward | Inertial oscillator control system |
| US20040069080A1 (en) * | 2002-08-26 | 2004-04-15 | Simeon Sordjan | Apparatus for conversion of centrifugal force |
| GB2396707B (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2004-11-24 | Vodafone Plc | Facilitating and authenticating transactions |
| US20050160845A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2005-07-28 | Allen Keefe | Mass retentive linear impeller |
| US7958801B2 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2011-06-14 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Harmonic force generator for an active vibration control system |
| WO2008145122A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | A system for damping oscillations in a structure |
| RU2377458C2 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-12-27 | Пермоторс ГмбХ | Operation method of power rotation drive and power plant for its implementation |
| RU2456401C1 (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2012-07-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тюменский государственный нефтегазовый университет" | Vibration roller |
| WO2013087991A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Helavuo Kauko Uolevi | Device for providing propulsion force |
| US10099780B2 (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2018-10-16 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Active vibration control actuator |
| KR102241339B1 (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2021-04-15 | 로오드 코포레이션 | Hub-based active vibration control systems, devices, and methods with offset imbalanced rotors |
| US20170341739A1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-11-30 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Variable amplitude force generator |
| US20170069823A1 (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-03-09 | Michael Karpelson | Nonlinear vibration energy harvesting system |
| KR101619820B1 (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2016-05-12 | 주식회사 서준 | Energy Generating Device Using Rotating Pendulum |
| WO2018069584A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-04-19 | Maurice Granger | Oscillating mechanism with simultaneous cross centrifugal forces, machine and method for using same |
| JP7417273B2 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2024-01-18 | 知明 高田 | torque converter |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1668984A (en) * | 1924-10-03 | 1928-05-08 | Simpson Lowe | Counterbalancing means for vibrating devices |
| FR984492A (en) * | 1943-10-05 | 1951-07-06 | Rectilinear vibration vibrator | |
| US3396804A (en) * | 1965-04-02 | 1968-08-13 | Thelmer A. Rogers | Vibratory plow |
| US3913409A (en) * | 1973-04-30 | 1975-10-21 | Wacker Corp | Vibration generator |
| SU554009A1 (en) * | 1974-05-20 | 1977-04-15 | Ленинградское Высшее Военное Инженерное Строительное Краснознаменное Училище Имени Генерала Армии А.Н.Комаровского | Planetary vibrator |
| DE2656347A1 (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-06-15 | Friedrich Karau | Out-of-balance motor for piston pump or vibrator etc. - has two-armed pendulum lever with heavy eccentric plates at lever ends |
-
1978
- 1978-08-08 NZ NZ188087A patent/NZ188087A/en unknown
- 1978-08-08 ZA ZA00784493A patent/ZA784493B/en unknown
- 1978-08-08 US US05/932,021 patent/US4241615A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-08-09 GB GB7832757A patent/GB2003252B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-08-14 CA CA309,293A patent/CA1086096A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ188087A (en) | 1980-11-28 |
| US4241615A (en) | 1980-12-30 |
| ZA784493B (en) | 1979-07-25 |
| GB2003252B (en) | 1982-09-22 |
| GB2003252A (en) | 1979-03-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |