CA1081030A - Method of installing kitchen grease hood - Google Patents
Method of installing kitchen grease hoodInfo
- Publication number
- CA1081030A CA1081030A CA321,324A CA321324A CA1081030A CA 1081030 A CA1081030 A CA 1081030A CA 321324 A CA321324 A CA 321324A CA 1081030 A CA1081030 A CA 1081030A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hood
- grease
- hole
- ceiling
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A grease hood for use in restaurant kitchens, for example, has a greatly extended plenum chamber, comprising a plenum or exhaust chamber and a plenum extension connected thereto. The hood is provided as a pre-manufacturing unitary assembly and is installed by being lowered downwardly through a hole in the kitchen ceiling and supported there with at least part of the hood below the ceiling and above a cooking appliance.
A grease hood for use in restaurant kitchens, for example, has a greatly extended plenum chamber, comprising a plenum or exhaust chamber and a plenum extension connected thereto. The hood is provided as a pre-manufacturing unitary assembly and is installed by being lowered downwardly through a hole in the kitchen ceiling and supported there with at least part of the hood below the ceiling and above a cooking appliance.
Description
This is a division of our co-pending Canadian Patent application No. 234,845 filed September 5th, 1975.
This invention relates to the field of grease hoods for removing grease and smoke from the spaces above cooking appliances, such as in restaurants, and particularly concerns a method of installing such grease hoods.
An element of all embodiments of grease hoods herein described is a greatly extended exhaust or plenum chamberO The exhaust or plenum chambers of prior-art smoke hoods known to applicant were small, and/or were disposed entirely in the room wherein the smoke hood was ~ocatedO Such chambers -... .
were connected by ducts (for example, the ducts or conduits 43, Figure 4,~of ~i said United States patent 3,664,255) to the exhaust blower on the roof of the buildingO
It is generally a building or safety code requirement that the lineal velocities of the exhaust air flowing through such ducts be very high~
normally in excess of 1500 feet per minuteO To achieve such high lineal velocities, and to simplify the problem of penetrating the ceilings of the restaurant kitchens, the ducts are conventionally quite small in cross-sectional areas and cannot be regarded as extended exhaust or plenum cham-bers. Applicant has discovered that great benefits are achieved by going contrary to the bullding or safety codes~ in that the exhaust or plenum chamber is greatly extended so that the lineal air velocities are not so high. Such high lineal velocities are normally only achieved~ with applicant's apparatus and method, relatively near the exhaust blower.
r`1 By employing the greatly extended exhaust or plenum cham~er, applicant achieves uniformity relative to air flow across the entire width of the apparatus, and minimization of grease coatings on the various sur-faces. (It is emphasized that many grease hoods are ten or twenty feed wide, ~. :;, . . . . . . . .
' . . : . ' ` ' ' : ' ~ . : . , '.
3~
. .
or wider, and that the air flow must be substantially uniform across the entire width if highly e~f~ctive filtration is to be achieved.) The relatively l~iform drawing or sucking of air through the filters is combined with relatively unifrom forced-flow of air against the upstream filter sur-faces. It is also, in some embodiments, combined with filters which operate by both impingement and centrifugal action. The result of the com-bination is a great, surprising removal of grease and smoke, econo~ically .:
and with minimum requirements for filter cleaning and other maintenance.
These benefits are added to the benefits emphasized most strongly in United States patent 3,664,255, namely the prevention of waste relative to cooled or heated room air.
m e installation of such grease hoods has always (insofar as applicant is aware) been a multi-step operation. The-hood is first manu-factured at a factory~ then moved into the restaurant through a hole in a side wall (which hole must later be filled~0 Then the hood is lifted up toward the ceiling, and local (highly expensive) sheet metal men install .. 9 - and connect the blowers and ductso In the case of the present extended-plenum apparatus, such local fabrication and/or installation of the plenums has proved to be a major problem since it tended to be done incorrectly.
After installation, it was necessary to perform testing and make adjustments.
.
It is therefore of major importance that the entire apparatus (including ` extended plenums) be fully manufactured and fully tested at the factory~
then installed at the restaurant with no necessity for local sheet metal :
workers or for a hole in the restaurant side wall.
The present invention provides a method of installing a grease -,.~, hood into a kitchen, which comprises: (a) dropping a premanufactured grease - hood downwardly from the exterior of said kitchen at least part of the way through a hole in the restaurant kitchen ceiling, and (b) supporting said .~
., ;; .
.' - : .
, grease hood in a desired position in spaced relationship above a cooking . appliance in said kitchen, with at least part of said grease hood below . said opening.
. Thus, to vastly reduce costs, mistakes, installation time~ etcO, the entire apparatus is manufactured and pre-tested at the factory, then : dropped into place at the restauran~ through a hole in the roof. Part of `. the apparatus extends downwardly from the hole, and part extends upwardly :, :~ therefrom.
-. From another aspect, the invention provides a premanufactured ~ 10 unita~y grease hood apparatus at least partially mounted in the roof or .~ ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, which comprises: (a) a pre~anufactured : unitary grease hood, (b) a ceiling or roof of a restaurant kitchen, said ceiling having a hole therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough from the outside of said restaurant kitchen said premanufactured -~; unita~y grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood at said hole with at least part of said hood disposed below the level of said ceiling, ~ said part of said hood being adapted to receive grease laden fumes from a :i cooking applicance disposed therebeneathO
s In the drawings, which illustrate ~-em~odiments of the invention:
!J 20 Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the smoke hood.; apparatus, the grease filters being shown schematically, said figure corres-: ponding substantially to Figure 2 of United States patent 3,664,255;
~:. Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view on line 2-2 of Figure l; .
:~,':'!
Figure 3 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view on line 3-3 ~ . .
of Figure 2, and corresponding substantially to Figure 4 of United States . patent 3,566,585, each number of Figure 3 being followed by the letter "a";
; Figure 4 is an isometric view of an apparatus wherein a nearly . horizontal plenum extension extends outwardly through a wall rearwardly of -.: - 3 -. . : :... ~: , . : : . - . .. . . .
-i ~38~3~
the plenum chamber;
Figure 5 is an isometric view of an apparatus wherein nearly hori-; zontal portions of a plenum extension are provided above the plenum chamber;
Figure 6 is an isometric view showing an interconnected pair of ; plenum extensions which replace a single large plenum extension;` Figure 7 (fifth sheet of drawings) is an isometric view illustrating a fully factory-constructed and facto~y-tested unitary smoke hood and extended-plenum apparatus, in the act of being dropped part way through a predeter-mined opening in the roof or ceiling of a restaurant kitchen;
Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view on line 8-8 of Figure 7, after installation and leveling have been completed; and Figure 9 (fourth sheet of drawings) is a side elevation of the - apparatus of Figures 7 and 8, the roof or ceiling (and the combination support means and cover) being shown in section.
'! The embodiment of Figures 1 to 3 is similar to that disclosed in said United States patent 3~664,255~ with the following exceptions: (a) Elements 43, Figure 4 of said patent, are replaced by the extended exhaust or plenum chamber shown in Figure 2 of the present drawings, ~b) Grease filters 20 of said patent are replaced by grease filters 3a (F~gure 3 of the present drawings) The disclosure of said United States patent 3,664,255 is preferably modified as set forth in United States patent 3,943~836 for an ; Apparatus for Removing Fumes from the Space above a Cooking ~ppliance in a Restaurant~
` Said filters are numbered 3a in the present application, and are s~ preferably operated in the open mode (Figure 4 of said patent~ not the closed mode (Figure 5 thereof3. The degree of opening (i.e., the settingl is ,, .
.
- . .
- ~
therefore uniform across the entire width of the apparatus, being based upon filtering efficiency.
Referring to ~ gures l and 2 of the drawings of the present application, the "exhaust chamber" or plenum chamber 27 does not communicate with exhaust ducts or cond~its (numbered 43 in United States patent 3,664,255)~ but ins~e~d communicates with an exhaust or plenum chamber extension 150 which passes upwardly through ceiling 120 Together, the exhaust or plenum chamber 27 and the plenum extension 150 form a greatly extended exhaust or plenum chamber~ which may be referred to as an extended plenum chamberO The forward and rear walls of the illustrated plenum extension 150 are vertical, and the lower side wall portions 149 (~igure 2) of such extension are also vertical~ A large part of the lower wall portion of the exhaust or plenum chamber 27 is formed by filters 3a.
Above the lower side wall portions 149 are disposed inwardly converging or inclined side wall portions, sho~n in Figure 20 Each of the ~-- converging portions extends from a lower edge 151 to an upper edge 152, the ; latter edges being relatively adjacent the intake to exhaust blower 44.
~ m e extended exhaust or plenum chamber 27-150 extends upwardly ;-' sufficiently far to achieve a uniform air flow across substantially the entire width of the smoke hood.
The plenum extension 150 is open at its bottom, communicating ;
with the exhaust or plenum chamber 27 across substantially the entire width of the apparatus. Wall portions 149 should not be indented inwardly more than a few inches (for example, 4 or 5 inches) from inner panel portions ..~
33 (see Figure 2).
The vertical dimensions of lower side wall portions 149, and/or the convergence of the inclined side wall portions, are related to the width of the smoke hood (the "width" being th orizontal distance between inner ,,.,~
,......................................................................... .
.:
` panel portions 33, as seen in Figure 2)o Where such width is great, for example 15 to 20 feet~ the vertical dimensions of wall portions 149 are made relatively large, and/or the inclined side wall portions (between edges 151-152) are made quite converging. Where such width is less great, for example 5 to 10 feet, the vertical dimensions of wall portions 1~9 can be small or even zero, and/or the converging side wall portions can be more ; nearly parallel~
In a typical installation, each edge 151 is at least two feet above the upper edges of filters 3a. mus, the vertical dimension of each lower vertical side wall portion 149 is at least two feet minus the vertical distance rom the bottom edge of wall 149 to the upper edges of filters 3a. Also, in a typical installation~ the angle of convergence of each inclined side wall portion (between edges 151-152) is no more than ; 45 degrees from the vertical.
me extended plenum chamber of Figures 1-3 achieves a substan-tially uniform air flow across the entire width of the apparatus, without the necessity of employing any auxiliary screens or baffles, etc. Such screens, baffles, etc., are very difficult to adjust and, very importantly, are disadvantageous in that they provide air obstructions and collect grease.
` 20 Screens, intended to regulate air flow, are particularly bad in that holes ` therein become grease-plugged and are (in most restaurants) not cleaned ~,.
adequately, if at all. (However~ as described below relative to Figures 7-9 small factory-installed baffle means in the plenum extensions are of major benefit in certain constructionsO) Stated generally, the present method comprises employing an exhaust blower to~draw air through a greatly extended exhaust or plenum chamber and thus through grease filters which are disposed above a cooking appliance. The plenum extension 150 extends upwardly sufficiently far :
.~ :
. - - :
." . ~
above the filters that the air flow through the fïlters is substantially uniform across the entire width of the apparatusO Air velocities in the extended plenum chamber are relatively low, due to the large cross-sectional area thereof. With applicant's apparatus and method, the lineal air velocities in the portions of plenum extension 150 remote from exhaust blower 44 are less than 1500 feet per minute. The air does not accelerate greatly as it passes through ceiling 12.
Stated more specifically, the present method comprises employing a supply blower to effect high-velocity forced flow of air and smoke against the upstream sides of the grease filters~ and in a relatively uniform manner.
The supply blower, in the preferred embodiment, derives its air directly from the exterior of the building, as distinguished from using heated or air-conditioned "room air". The method further comprises, in its preferred form, using the type of grease filter which effects an abrupt change or reversal of air flow direction7 so that grease extraction is effected centri~ugally as well as by impingementO In addition, the method comprises (in its preferred form) employing the vortexing action described at length in United States patent 3~66~,255~ and illustrated at 81 and ~2, Figure 1 i of the present applicationO
Since, in the preferred form the great bulk of the air which passes through the filters 3a comes directly from the exterior of the building, the kitchen air (furnace heated or air~conditioned) is not wastedO Such make-up air from the exterior of the building is force-blown (by blower 36) at high velocity, and relatively uni~ormly, against the up-stream surfaces of the grease filters. The particles of "sooty grease" which convect upwardly from the cooking stove are entrained in the rapidly-moving make_up air, and thus impinge at high speeds against the upstream surfaces - of the grease filtersO Furthermore, the make-up air chills the grease par-- ticles, which enhances the filtering actionO
~.
. .
: A major filtering action is therefore achieved due to impinge-ment of the chilled grease against the upstream surfaces of the grease filtersO In addition, there is a further important ~iltering action caused by the centrifugal "throwing" of the chilled grease particles against the ' !~ filter surfaces due to the rapid direction change as the air passes through ,:
~- filters 3a. The latter or centrifugal action is effected by the exhaust blower 44, acting through the plenum chamber 27 and its major upward plenum extension 150.
.~ ,~, .
The action of exhaust blower 44 is particularl~ effective in that there is no need for providing flow-regulating Screens, etc., in the plenum .: ^
chamber and which tend to become clogged with grease. The above-described uniform flow through the grease filters, across the entire width of the apparatus, is of great importance in achieving highly effective filteringO
Accordingly, a high percentage of grease and smoke particles are removed by the filters, instead of passing upwardly to coat various .:
surfaces and pollute the air. There are no adjustments to be made in the plenum chamber 27 or its plenum extension 150, nor is there any necessity for frequently cleaning the same. Since the collected grease runs downwardly off the grease filters ~to be collected in containers)~ the present apparatus can operate for months at a time with little or no maintenanceO
The duct from plenum extension 150 to exhaust blower 44 can be oriented horizontally instead of vertically. Thus~ for example, the blower 44 may be mounted on the upper surface of ceiling 12, adjacent the center of plenum extension 150. A short horizontal duct is then extended from the .
blower to the plenum extension. Such duct is, for example, perpendicular to the plane of the showing of Figure 2, and may commMnicate with the plenum extension at the point where the number "150" now appears on Figure 20 . ,.
t :~ .
'''' : `- , ' . ' ~. ' . .
- - : , ;, ' ' ' - ' ' ~ ~ , ': , ' ~ " ' : ' .
` ~
EMBODIMENT OF FIGURE ~
Instead of extending vertically, all or part of the extended plenum may be bent or inclined away from the vertical. For example~ as illustrated in Figure 4, a plenum extension is disposed nearly horizontally, rather than vertically, and projects rearwardly from the smoke hood so that obstructions above the smoke hood may be avoided or so that the plenum exten-sion will not project upwardly beyond a low roof parapet. Such plenum exten-sion is substantially identical to that previously described, the only differences being those required to effect a rearward rather than an upward ~ 10 installation. Furthermore, the entire smoke hood apparatus (except for the ; inclination of the plenum~ is identical to that previously describedO
For purposes of description, features and elements identical to those previously described will be identified by the previously used reference numbers. Corresponding elements and features will be identified b~ the original reference numbers followed by the letter "b". New elements and features, or those not previously identified by reference numbers, will be given reference numbers in the 200 series.
An exhaust or plenum chamber 27b is formed the entire width of the filters 3a~ being identical to the previously described plenum chamber ~i 20 27 except that an upper surface 200 thereof is closed and the inner wall 42b thereof has an opening to receive the forward end of a plenum extension 150bo The plenum extension 150b, shown extending rearwardly from the plenum chamber 27b, is substantially identical to the previously described plenum extension 150~ Parallel wall portions 149b at a forward end of the plenum extension l50b are spaced apart substantially the width of the plenum chamber 27b. Nonparallel sides converge rearwardly from edges 151b~ which are adjacent to wall portions 149b, to edges 152b~ which are _ g _ ,~ .
.
:, ~ . :
located rearwardly therefrom.
The rearward end of the plenum extension 150b terminates in a rectangular duct portion 204, which has an upper opening to which a generally vertical duct 206 is attached. The exhaust blower 44 is connected at the upper end of the duct 206, being shown mounted horizontally and having a vertical axis of blower rotation.
The exhaust blower 44 may alternatively be connected to the rear-ward end of the duct 204, the only limitation being that the axis of rotation of the blower should be either vertical (as shown) or horizontal for op~imum operation of the blower.
; Forward ends of the parallel upper and lower surfaces of the plenum extension 150b, and forward ends of the wall portions 149b~ are attached at the rearward facing opening in the inner wall 42b of the plenum chamber 27b. The plenum extension lSOb projects nearly horizontally, rear-wardly through an opening in the rear wall 18b of the smoke hood and through ~, ;~ an opening in a vertical wall 208 of the bullding. The plenum extension 150b ,~ ~
i may, however, be constructed so as to be at any slope either above or below ~ the horiæontal, the only limitation being that such slope should be at `' least ~ 1/4 inch per foot of length to assure proper drainage and prevent~
grease buildup. The plenum extension may (as indicated) incline or extend downwardly, away from the main plenum 27b~ but this is usually undesirable ~` in that grease then drains away from the smoke hood apparatus instead of toward the same.
In some circumstances, because of space limitations or adjacency 1 of other rooms or buildings, it may be impossible or impractical to employ `-~ either a vertically disposed plenum extension or an inclined plenum extension.
-- 10 _ .. - . . : ., . .. ~ ,:
~ ` --3~
Accordingly7 it may be desirable or necessary to bend the plenum extension and install some portions thereof inclined from the vertical. Such an embodi-ment is exemplified by Figure 5, wherein lower portions of a plenum extension are shown vertically disposed above the smoke hood and upper portions are shown inclined to a nearly horizontal positionO
For purposes of descrip~on, elements and features identical to those previously described will ~e identified by the previously used reference numbersO Corresponding elements and features will be identified by the original reference numbers followed by the letter '~c''0 New elements and features, or those not previously identified, will be identified by reference numbers in the 300 seriesO
A best plenum extension 150c is formed having a generally ` vertical portion 300 and a nearly horizontal, rearwardly directed portion 3020 The portion 300 is formed of parallel, vertical side wall portions 149c . .
which are spaced apart about the width of the exhaust or plenum chamber 27, ~ and of parallel, vertical front and rear wall portions 304 and 3060 j The portion 302 is formed by sides which converge inwardly from ;,!r~ ~
r':'.` edges 151c adjacent wall portions 149c to edges 152c rearwardly thereof. An :i upper surface 308 extends forwardly to the upper edge 310 of the front por-tion 3~4. A parallel lower surface extends forwardly to the upper edge 312 of the back portion 306. A continuous plenum extension is thereby formed which is open only at a lower end and at a rearward endO A duct 204c, having a generally vertical duct 206c attached thereto, is connected to such rearward end. me exhaust blower 44 is horizontally mounted at the open upper and of the duct 206c~
me lower portion 300 of the plenum extension is attached at a lower end to an opening in the upper surface of the plenum chamber 27~ and projects upwardly through ceiling 120 m e upper portion 302 of the plenum , ~ _ 11 --''`
.. . ..
, . . . . . ... .. . ; ~
'~ f3fV
.
extension projects rearwardly and almost horizontally above the ceiling 12.
Depending upon installation requirements, th0 lower portion 300 ; may be inclined from the vertical and the upper portion 302 ~ay be sloped either above or below the horizontal, the only limitation being that the slope of the portion 302 should be at least ~ 1/4 inch per foot of length ,! to assure adequate drainage.
` EMBODIMENT OF FIGURE f~
It may be impractical or undesirable in some circumstances to use a single extended plenum chamber in either the vertical, inclined ~-~ 10 or bent configurations described above, because of the great width o~ the , smoke hood. ~fy substituting a plurality of side-by-side plenum extensions, :
~;~ as illustrated in Figure 6, the width of each extended plenu~ chamber may be greatly reduced. Much vertical space may thus be saved when the smoke ` hood is disposed over a very wide cooking appliance~.
,.
For purposes of description, elements and features identical to those previously described will be identified by the previously used reference numbers. Corresponding elements and features will be identified by the original reference numbers followed by a letter "d'lo New elements and features~ or those not previously identified, will be identified by , 20 reference numbers in the 400 seriesO
As illustrated in Figure 6, two vertically disposed plenum extensions 150d are connected in side-by-side relationship to an opening in the upper surface of the plenum chamber 27, and extend upwardly through ceiling 12. ~oth such plenum extensions are identical to each other, and each is substantially identical to the single, vertically disposed plenum extension 150 previously described. Each plenum extension 150d has a lower portion defined by wall portions 149d, sides which converge from lower edges 151d to upper edges 152d, and parallel front and rear surfacesO The thickness - 12 _ .. .
.. . . .
. .
i`
of each plenum extension 150d is equal to that of a single plenum extension 150.
Upper ends of the plenum extensions 150d are closed by surfaces 400, and the two plenum extensions are connected together and to a single exhaust blower 44 so that uniform air and fume flow may be achieved. Two ducts 402 are connected to the plenum extensions 150d~ one duct being connected to an upper rear region of each such extensionO The other ends of the ducts 402 are connected to lower~ forward regions of a manifold or chamber 404. A duct ~06 is connected between the manifold 404 and the exhaust blower 440 The manifold 404 is preferably shaped similarly to a plenum extension in order to achieve a smooth flow of exhaust air and fumes there-through and to assure a uniform flow of exhaust air and fumes through and across each plenum extension 150d. The lower width of the manifold 404 ~, is approximately equal to the spacing between vertical centerlines of the plenum extensions 150d plus the width of one of the ducts 402. Upper sides 40~ of the manifold 404 converge towards each other from lower edges 410 - to upper edges 412. The upper portion of the manifold 404 is closed by a ,:
~ top 414. Bottom portions ~16 of the manifold 404 are inclined upwardly, ,: .
`~ 20 inwardly of the ducts 402, giving the manifold the general appearance of . .
an inverted "~".
It is to be understood that the pairs of plenum extensions lSOd may be inclined or bent as above described.
It is also to be understood that the smoke hoods, plenum exten-sions~ etc.~ may be mounted in back-to back relationshipO This may be done~
for example, when the cooking appliances themselves are back-to-backO
'' :
_ 13 -.~ ., .
'.,, . "
.' ': .. -: . .: ` - . ` :`. . .
EMBODI~ENT OF FIGURES 7-9 The embodiment of Figure 6 has been employed by applicant when the ` smoke hood apparatus is very wide (such width being necessitated by the large - ~ number or size of the cooking appliances therebeneath)O The purpose of the side-by-side construction of Figure 6 is to achieve uniform flow through the filters, across the entire width of the apparatus, without causing the `~- plenum extension means to be excessively higho (It is to be remembered .,.
~" that ~Iwidthll~ in the present application, means hori~ontal distance from left to right as seen, for example, in Figure 8. Such "width" may be in :. -; 10 excess of twenty feet.~
Without substantially uniform flow through the filters, across .
~ the entire width of the apparatus, some filters will be operating properly ;, ~
and others improperly. Thus, uniform flow is highly important.
As shown in Figure 6, the side-by-side orientation creates sub-, ~
stantial additional ductwork~ and sheet metal work~ with attendant cost ~,......................................................................... .
~ and need for roof space. It would thus be greatly desirable to achieve, `I in a single low-profile exhaust plenum extension, the effect of a high ~- extension or of a pair of side-by-side extensionsO This is accomplished with the embodiment of Figures 7-9.
:,~
The embodiment of Figures 7-9 also solves another major problem.
~,:
, With such embodiment~ applicant is for the first time given full control ;,'r', over the entire design and construction, there being no necessity for relying . ,, ~
;~ upon local sheet-matal fabricators (who may not follow applicant's specifi-,.~ j .
i cations, thus causing the entire apparatus to malfunction)O With the :.:
embodiment of Figures 7-9, applicant can pre-build and pre-test everything at the factory. The apparatus can then be rapidly installed by relatively .. j .
~- ~ ,i -14 _ . i .
.. ,~ .
., ~ .
i ::
. - .. ;., .,~. ..... . . .. . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . .
,. . . . : . . . : ,, - ~ . . .
: ~ : - , -. , . - ..
: .. . - . .. ~ . . .. , . . .. - :
unskilled personnel at the job siteO The installation apparatus and method of Figures 7-9, which are described later in this specification, may also be employed with other embodiments of the present inventionO
Referring first to Figure 7, there is shown an extremely large smoke or grease hood 500 of the type described in the abo~e-cited United States patent No, 3,664,255, as modified in accordance with United States patent No. 3,943,836. Such apparatus may be, for example, about 20 feet "wide" (distance from left to right~ Figure 8)o ` Connected to hood 500 at the factory~ and extending upwardly ` 10 therefrom, is a plenum extension 501. Such extension 501 is much less tall, considering the great 'twidth" of the apparatus, than would be expected from the prior teachings in this specification For example, and although the apparatus is (for example) about 20 feet "wide", the plenum extension 501 need only extend about 6 or 7 feet above ceiling 12 when the apparatus is fully installed as shown in Figure 8. Fabrication and materials costs and problems associated with the extended plenum are, with the present embodi-ment, reduced in comparison to the embodiment of Figure 7, The extension 501 may also be inclined, as described above, thus making i~ even lower in ; profile.
`~ 20 The plenum extension 501 need not be tall, despite the great "width"
of the apparatus, because there is provided a means R (Figure 8) to restrict or deflect flow to the exhaust duct 502 from the central regions of the exhaust chamber 27 (Figure 1). Means R reduces flow velocity through the central (least remote) ones of filters 3a. The "central regions" refer to the regions of exhaust chamber 27 which are substantially directly below the duct 502 connecting to exhaust blower 503 (Figures 7 and 9)~ Such restrictor means R are provided relatively adjacent the duct 502, and therefore can be smaIl and self-draining so that only a minimal maintenance , ':
;, . - ,, .: . . , . -,. , , ... . :-problem ~if any) is presentedO
Another reason why the plenum need not be tall~ despite the great ~width" of the apparatus, is that the diameter of duct 502 is very large in comparison to the thickness or depth of the plenum extension 501. Referring to Figure 9, for example, it will be noted that the diameter "D" of exhaust duct 502 is much larger than the thickness ~IT~ of plenum extension 501.
` Because of this relationship, air and fumes drawn into duct 502 must enter .;, it from all regions of plenum extension 501~ not merely (for example) from ; the plenum extension regions directly beneath the ducto As an example, in the above-mentioned exemplary construction wherein the apparatus is about 20 feet "wide"~ dimension "D" may be 30 inches and dimension 'IT'' may be about one foot. (It is to be understood that the ; lower part of the plenum extension 501 communicates freely with the full .....
hori~ontal length of exhaust chamber 27 of the smoke hood apparatus, much as is shown and described relative to Figures 1 and 2 in connection with plenum extension 150.) The restrictor means R of Figure 8 are illustrated to comprise , . .
three smaIl baffles or deflectors 508 510 which extend horizontally between ~- the front and rear walls of plenum extension 501. Such baffles 508-510 are disposed generally beneath (and adjacent) the inlet to duct 502, being ,",.,. ~
so shaped and located that the flow of air and fumes through filters 3a will be substantially uniform across the entire llwidthll of the apparatus.
~ The central one 509 of baffles 508-510 is provided with large, unpluggable x;~ (by grease) ports or slots for self-draining purposesO ~umerous sizes and .;. ' ir`~ shapes of restrictor means R may be employed, the exact sizes and shapes being empirically determined. In place of baffles or deflectors, the front ~, ,:
; wall (for example) of plenum extension 501 may be contoured to provide a constriction below the duct 502, this being a different form of restrictor ~, , . .
~ - 16 -.::
,,.
'..":~
... , . , - ., - . :
,. . , : .
means Ro ` Because of the large diameter of duct 502, in relation to the thickness or depth of the plenum extension~ air and fumes tend (as noted above) to enter such duct from all portions of extension 501 and thus from the full width of the apparatus. However, because duct 502 is much closer to those filters 3a at the central region of the apparatus, there would (in the absence of restrictor means R) tend to be more flow through s~ch central fil~ers than through those near the "sides" of the apparatus (the left and right regions shown in Figure 8)o The restrictor means R corrects this tendency and makes the flow velocity substantially uniform as stated above.
The apparatus of Figures 7-9 also includes an inlet plenum 515 which connects through a duct 516 to supply blower 517. The diameter of the cylindrical duct 516 is much larger than the thickness of plenum 515. Supply ` air therefore spreads or "splashes" to all of the upper regions of plenum 515, -~ and then flows down through deflectors which may correspond to deflectors 39 of the above-cited United States patent No. 3,664,255.
m e illustrated unitary and relatively symmetrical apparatus ;
is such that supply blower 517 is disposed on one side of supply plenum 515, ; whereas exhaust blower 503 is disposed on the remote side of exhaust plenum ~xtension 501. MemberS 501 and 515 therefore act as baffles, minimi~ing ` recirculation of air and fumes through the smoke hoodO Furthermore~ as shown in Figure 7, the intake openings of the blowers 502 and 517 are caused to face in opposite directions.
- However, as indicated in the above-cited United States patent No, 3,664,255, at least some recirculation of fume-laden air may be tolerated.
This is because the intake air does not enter the kitchen, being instead substantially confined to the hoodO ~hen and if such recirculation is _ 17 -. ., , ~ .
' ' :. .:
`; desired, a single large blower may be used for both supply and exhaust purposes. A certain proportion of the recirculating air is then vented to the atmosphereO Such single blower (or two blowers) may be located between (or even in) one or both of the supply plenum and the exhaust plenum exten~
; sion.
The filters 3a operate very efficiently, particularly since flow therethrough is uniform across the entire width of the apparatus. Such filters therefore remove much grease and "smoke" from the fumes. ~lowever, where smog is a particularly acute problem, additional filter means may be provided in the form of the electrostatic precipitator shown at P in Figure 8.
Such filter (which has many openings therethrough, as well known in the art) extends across the entire thickness and width of the exhaust , plenum~ It is supplied with high voltage by a voltage source VO
e precipitator P needs only infrequent cleaning because of the highly effective grease removal at regions upstream thereofO When cleaning is needed, it is relatively simple in that the precipitator P may be made up of a number of narrow and relatively short sections which will fit into a commercial dishwasher. It is emphasi3ed that many installations do not require precipitator PO
t~' METHOD A~D APPARATUS FOR INSTALLhTIO~
` m e installation method and apparatus of the invention are described below relative to the embodiment of Figures 7-9~ They are, additionally, applicable to most other embodimentsO
~ The apparatus comprises an opening 520 (Figure 7) in ceiling .~
or roof 12 and which is sufficiently large to receive (have passed there through) the entire fully-assembled smoke hood 500. A support frame 521 is mounted on the upper roof surface, around the periphery of opening 520.
- 18 _ ,, ' :~ : : - . ~ , .: ~-:- ~ ' ' .:, , ' -. ' ' - . .
~ .
~ - ~
The apparatus additionally comprises a combination support and cover member 522 which is fixedly secured to the smoke hood-plenum apparatus.
Member 522 is welded or soldered to the elements 501 and 515, there being openings in member 522 just sufficiently large to snugly receive such elements.
me member 522 is preferably (not necessarily) horizontal and planar, being so located on the elements 501 and 515 that the apparatus 500 ` will be the desired distance above the cooking appliances when the periphery of member S22 is near rail 521~ Héat-insulation means may be incorporated in the member 5220 Member 522 is larger than the framed opening 520. ~lrthermore, a flange 523 extends downwardly from the periphery of member 522, around the frame 521. Therefore~ and since water-tight welded or soldered (or other) , . .
,I"r, joints are made between member 522 and elements 501-515, a weather-tight . .
system is provided as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
i Suitable heat-insulation and/or water-sealing means, not shown, ; may be provided inwardly adjacent frame 521.
.
; Suitable leveling screws or bolts (or other means) are provided as shown at 530 in Figures 8 and 9~ the lower screw ends resting on frame 5210 m e s~rews are threaded through the member 522.
In accordance with the method, the entire pre-manufactured, pre-tested, and fully operative assembly 500,501,515 and 522 is dropped down-~; wardly so that the hood 500 passes bodily through opening 5200 Screws 530 are then employed to effect leveling as well as a fine adjustment relative to elevation. Heat-insulating and/or water-sealing means are then provided inwardly adjacent frame 521.
.
The blowers 503 and 517 are preferably connected separately at the restaurant, being suitably supported on blocks B as shown in Figure 9.
...
'', - 19 -:-;
:
The described installation method and apparatus provide, in addition to the major benefits stated above, the additional advantage of reducing the fire danger caused by heat conduction to the roof or ceiling 12.
The arrangement prov.ides a large space between the plenum extension 501 and the surrounding ceiling 12. This, coupled with the fact that the plemlm extension 501 is relatively cool in comparison to the small-area exhaust . ducts of the prior art, causes minimized fire danger due to heat conductionO
(It is emphasized that diluting the cooking fumes with make-up air, then passing the air and fumes relatively slowly through the ceiling via the ~ 10 large-size plenum extension, causes much less heat to be present near the .` ceiling than is the case relative to conventional smoke hoods wherein undiluted fumes are concentrated in a small duct and passed at high velocity i, through the ceiling~) The minimized fire hazard due to heat conduction is added to the above-stated major advantage of minimized fire hazard due to grease accumulation.
.:; It is to be noted that, in the illustrated embodiments the thick- -:~ .
ness of the plenum extension (the thickness being represented, for example, by dimension "T" in Figure 9) at regions adjacent exhaust chamber 2~ is substantially smaller than the horizontal lfront-to-rearl dimension of such exhaust chamber at the plenum-extension joint. Referring to Figure 1, . for example, the horizontal dimension at the upper portion of exhaust chamber 27, near the joint with plenum extension 150, is substantially greater than the thickness (horizontal dimension) of such extension 150. There is therefore some increase in the velocity of air and fumes as they exhaust upwardly through ceiling 12, but such increase is normally not great -_ the reason being that the extension 150 extends (at least at its lower end) for substantially the full "width" of the apparatus, as shown in Figure 2, :! and thus has a large cross-sectional area in a horizontal planeO
i ~ _ 20 _ , . .
:: ' ~' ' ; ' ' 1:' :~D~
.
It is emphasi~ed that the present grease hood apparatus is very "wide", so as to fit Gver (for example3 a row of cooking appliances in a restaurantO The "width" (horizontal dimension, Figure 2, for example) i~
much greater than the depth (the front-to-rear dimension as seen in Figure 1 for example). In many cases, the "width" is at least a plurality of times (and often several times) the depth~ as shown in Figure 7. Chamber 27 ~Figure 1), and the row of grease filters 3a ~Figure 2), are therefore greatly horizontally elongatedO
Relative to Figures 4, 5 and 6, it is emphasized that (in the pre-,1,1" .
` 10 ferred form~ the exhaust plenum 27, and the filters 3a, are only parts of . . ~
the apparatus (including air supply and director means, vortex means, etcO) described in our prior United States patent cited aboveO Such aMaratus~
` is shown schematically at 500 in Figures 7_9O For purposes of simplifica-tion of such Figures ~-6, only the elements 27 and 3a are shown therein.
Relative to the installation embodiment of the invention, Figures 7_9, additional or substitute means may be provided to take care of those . . .
- situations where the architect and/or builder did not construct and/or locate the opening 520 (Figure 7) with sufficient accuracy. For so~e such situa-tions~ the element 522 is not factory-welded to elements 501 and 515D
.: .
Instead~ element 522 is provided with a single large rectangular opening~
sufficiently large to recèive both elements 501 and 515 with substantial clearance for lateral and tilting adjustment. The method is then performed without the member 522 in position, and the hood 500 is supported by hangers (incorporating vertical blots for vertical adjustment) -~ the hangers being supported on frame 521. Thereafter, the modified element 522 is mounted over ~ the elements 501-515, and flashing and counterflashing are provided at such elements for sealing purposes. Ducts 502 and 516, and blowers 503 and 5~7, ~: are then connectedO
. 21 ;
;' .
....
..
'..,; .
... - , . . . ~. .~ ;... .. ...
;i`
It is pointed out that an important purpose offrame521 is to act .. as a dam or dike preventing standing water on roof 12 from leaking through ,: opening 520.
.,;:
j.i ~, ., .
. ~ .
, .
`i`~:`
~:~` ?
'.;,-~
. ~ .
`~J,ri., . ;* ., ~"~
;,":, .
'!~ j .
;, ,: `
1'"'~.
~:;
, ," ,;, ;'," "
:'": .' !,~
,j:; .`;
;' ' .,:.':
'.;`
: ~' ':
. ~, . . .
- 22 _ ,:, ,, .. ,.,. ~,-.
,~. -.:
:i,::
,., ..,,~
~ .,, t., ,: ,,, , ~ - . . :
. ::. . ~ : , ~ . .
:
, . - ~
This invention relates to the field of grease hoods for removing grease and smoke from the spaces above cooking appliances, such as in restaurants, and particularly concerns a method of installing such grease hoods.
An element of all embodiments of grease hoods herein described is a greatly extended exhaust or plenum chamberO The exhaust or plenum chambers of prior-art smoke hoods known to applicant were small, and/or were disposed entirely in the room wherein the smoke hood was ~ocatedO Such chambers -... .
were connected by ducts (for example, the ducts or conduits 43, Figure 4,~of ~i said United States patent 3,664,255) to the exhaust blower on the roof of the buildingO
It is generally a building or safety code requirement that the lineal velocities of the exhaust air flowing through such ducts be very high~
normally in excess of 1500 feet per minuteO To achieve such high lineal velocities, and to simplify the problem of penetrating the ceilings of the restaurant kitchens, the ducts are conventionally quite small in cross-sectional areas and cannot be regarded as extended exhaust or plenum cham-bers. Applicant has discovered that great benefits are achieved by going contrary to the bullding or safety codes~ in that the exhaust or plenum chamber is greatly extended so that the lineal air velocities are not so high. Such high lineal velocities are normally only achieved~ with applicant's apparatus and method, relatively near the exhaust blower.
r`1 By employing the greatly extended exhaust or plenum cham~er, applicant achieves uniformity relative to air flow across the entire width of the apparatus, and minimization of grease coatings on the various sur-faces. (It is emphasized that many grease hoods are ten or twenty feed wide, ~. :;, . . . . . . . .
' . . : . ' ` ' ' : ' ~ . : . , '.
3~
. .
or wider, and that the air flow must be substantially uniform across the entire width if highly e~f~ctive filtration is to be achieved.) The relatively l~iform drawing or sucking of air through the filters is combined with relatively unifrom forced-flow of air against the upstream filter sur-faces. It is also, in some embodiments, combined with filters which operate by both impingement and centrifugal action. The result of the com-bination is a great, surprising removal of grease and smoke, econo~ically .:
and with minimum requirements for filter cleaning and other maintenance.
These benefits are added to the benefits emphasized most strongly in United States patent 3,664,255, namely the prevention of waste relative to cooled or heated room air.
m e installation of such grease hoods has always (insofar as applicant is aware) been a multi-step operation. The-hood is first manu-factured at a factory~ then moved into the restaurant through a hole in a side wall (which hole must later be filled~0 Then the hood is lifted up toward the ceiling, and local (highly expensive) sheet metal men install .. 9 - and connect the blowers and ductso In the case of the present extended-plenum apparatus, such local fabrication and/or installation of the plenums has proved to be a major problem since it tended to be done incorrectly.
After installation, it was necessary to perform testing and make adjustments.
.
It is therefore of major importance that the entire apparatus (including ` extended plenums) be fully manufactured and fully tested at the factory~
then installed at the restaurant with no necessity for local sheet metal :
workers or for a hole in the restaurant side wall.
The present invention provides a method of installing a grease -,.~, hood into a kitchen, which comprises: (a) dropping a premanufactured grease - hood downwardly from the exterior of said kitchen at least part of the way through a hole in the restaurant kitchen ceiling, and (b) supporting said .~
., ;; .
.' - : .
, grease hood in a desired position in spaced relationship above a cooking . appliance in said kitchen, with at least part of said grease hood below . said opening.
. Thus, to vastly reduce costs, mistakes, installation time~ etcO, the entire apparatus is manufactured and pre-tested at the factory, then : dropped into place at the restauran~ through a hole in the roof. Part of `. the apparatus extends downwardly from the hole, and part extends upwardly :, :~ therefrom.
-. From another aspect, the invention provides a premanufactured ~ 10 unita~y grease hood apparatus at least partially mounted in the roof or .~ ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, which comprises: (a) a pre~anufactured : unitary grease hood, (b) a ceiling or roof of a restaurant kitchen, said ceiling having a hole therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough from the outside of said restaurant kitchen said premanufactured -~; unita~y grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood at said hole with at least part of said hood disposed below the level of said ceiling, ~ said part of said hood being adapted to receive grease laden fumes from a :i cooking applicance disposed therebeneathO
s In the drawings, which illustrate ~-em~odiments of the invention:
!J 20 Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the smoke hood.; apparatus, the grease filters being shown schematically, said figure corres-: ponding substantially to Figure 2 of United States patent 3,664,255;
~:. Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view on line 2-2 of Figure l; .
:~,':'!
Figure 3 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view on line 3-3 ~ . .
of Figure 2, and corresponding substantially to Figure 4 of United States . patent 3,566,585, each number of Figure 3 being followed by the letter "a";
; Figure 4 is an isometric view of an apparatus wherein a nearly . horizontal plenum extension extends outwardly through a wall rearwardly of -.: - 3 -. . : :... ~: , . : : . - . .. . . .
-i ~38~3~
the plenum chamber;
Figure 5 is an isometric view of an apparatus wherein nearly hori-; zontal portions of a plenum extension are provided above the plenum chamber;
Figure 6 is an isometric view showing an interconnected pair of ; plenum extensions which replace a single large plenum extension;` Figure 7 (fifth sheet of drawings) is an isometric view illustrating a fully factory-constructed and facto~y-tested unitary smoke hood and extended-plenum apparatus, in the act of being dropped part way through a predeter-mined opening in the roof or ceiling of a restaurant kitchen;
Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view on line 8-8 of Figure 7, after installation and leveling have been completed; and Figure 9 (fourth sheet of drawings) is a side elevation of the - apparatus of Figures 7 and 8, the roof or ceiling (and the combination support means and cover) being shown in section.
'! The embodiment of Figures 1 to 3 is similar to that disclosed in said United States patent 3~664,255~ with the following exceptions: (a) Elements 43, Figure 4 of said patent, are replaced by the extended exhaust or plenum chamber shown in Figure 2 of the present drawings, ~b) Grease filters 20 of said patent are replaced by grease filters 3a (F~gure 3 of the present drawings) The disclosure of said United States patent 3,664,255 is preferably modified as set forth in United States patent 3,943~836 for an ; Apparatus for Removing Fumes from the Space above a Cooking ~ppliance in a Restaurant~
` Said filters are numbered 3a in the present application, and are s~ preferably operated in the open mode (Figure 4 of said patent~ not the closed mode (Figure 5 thereof3. The degree of opening (i.e., the settingl is ,, .
.
- . .
- ~
therefore uniform across the entire width of the apparatus, being based upon filtering efficiency.
Referring to ~ gures l and 2 of the drawings of the present application, the "exhaust chamber" or plenum chamber 27 does not communicate with exhaust ducts or cond~its (numbered 43 in United States patent 3,664,255)~ but ins~e~d communicates with an exhaust or plenum chamber extension 150 which passes upwardly through ceiling 120 Together, the exhaust or plenum chamber 27 and the plenum extension 150 form a greatly extended exhaust or plenum chamber~ which may be referred to as an extended plenum chamberO The forward and rear walls of the illustrated plenum extension 150 are vertical, and the lower side wall portions 149 (~igure 2) of such extension are also vertical~ A large part of the lower wall portion of the exhaust or plenum chamber 27 is formed by filters 3a.
Above the lower side wall portions 149 are disposed inwardly converging or inclined side wall portions, sho~n in Figure 20 Each of the ~-- converging portions extends from a lower edge 151 to an upper edge 152, the ; latter edges being relatively adjacent the intake to exhaust blower 44.
~ m e extended exhaust or plenum chamber 27-150 extends upwardly ;-' sufficiently far to achieve a uniform air flow across substantially the entire width of the smoke hood.
The plenum extension 150 is open at its bottom, communicating ;
with the exhaust or plenum chamber 27 across substantially the entire width of the apparatus. Wall portions 149 should not be indented inwardly more than a few inches (for example, 4 or 5 inches) from inner panel portions ..~
33 (see Figure 2).
The vertical dimensions of lower side wall portions 149, and/or the convergence of the inclined side wall portions, are related to the width of the smoke hood (the "width" being th orizontal distance between inner ,,.,~
,......................................................................... .
.:
` panel portions 33, as seen in Figure 2)o Where such width is great, for example 15 to 20 feet~ the vertical dimensions of wall portions 149 are made relatively large, and/or the inclined side wall portions (between edges 151-152) are made quite converging. Where such width is less great, for example 5 to 10 feet, the vertical dimensions of wall portions 1~9 can be small or even zero, and/or the converging side wall portions can be more ; nearly parallel~
In a typical installation, each edge 151 is at least two feet above the upper edges of filters 3a. mus, the vertical dimension of each lower vertical side wall portion 149 is at least two feet minus the vertical distance rom the bottom edge of wall 149 to the upper edges of filters 3a. Also, in a typical installation~ the angle of convergence of each inclined side wall portion (between edges 151-152) is no more than ; 45 degrees from the vertical.
me extended plenum chamber of Figures 1-3 achieves a substan-tially uniform air flow across the entire width of the apparatus, without the necessity of employing any auxiliary screens or baffles, etc. Such screens, baffles, etc., are very difficult to adjust and, very importantly, are disadvantageous in that they provide air obstructions and collect grease.
` 20 Screens, intended to regulate air flow, are particularly bad in that holes ` therein become grease-plugged and are (in most restaurants) not cleaned ~,.
adequately, if at all. (However~ as described below relative to Figures 7-9 small factory-installed baffle means in the plenum extensions are of major benefit in certain constructionsO) Stated generally, the present method comprises employing an exhaust blower to~draw air through a greatly extended exhaust or plenum chamber and thus through grease filters which are disposed above a cooking appliance. The plenum extension 150 extends upwardly sufficiently far :
.~ :
. - - :
." . ~
above the filters that the air flow through the fïlters is substantially uniform across the entire width of the apparatusO Air velocities in the extended plenum chamber are relatively low, due to the large cross-sectional area thereof. With applicant's apparatus and method, the lineal air velocities in the portions of plenum extension 150 remote from exhaust blower 44 are less than 1500 feet per minute. The air does not accelerate greatly as it passes through ceiling 12.
Stated more specifically, the present method comprises employing a supply blower to effect high-velocity forced flow of air and smoke against the upstream sides of the grease filters~ and in a relatively uniform manner.
The supply blower, in the preferred embodiment, derives its air directly from the exterior of the building, as distinguished from using heated or air-conditioned "room air". The method further comprises, in its preferred form, using the type of grease filter which effects an abrupt change or reversal of air flow direction7 so that grease extraction is effected centri~ugally as well as by impingementO In addition, the method comprises (in its preferred form) employing the vortexing action described at length in United States patent 3~66~,255~ and illustrated at 81 and ~2, Figure 1 i of the present applicationO
Since, in the preferred form the great bulk of the air which passes through the filters 3a comes directly from the exterior of the building, the kitchen air (furnace heated or air~conditioned) is not wastedO Such make-up air from the exterior of the building is force-blown (by blower 36) at high velocity, and relatively uni~ormly, against the up-stream surfaces of the grease filters. The particles of "sooty grease" which convect upwardly from the cooking stove are entrained in the rapidly-moving make_up air, and thus impinge at high speeds against the upstream surfaces - of the grease filtersO Furthermore, the make-up air chills the grease par-- ticles, which enhances the filtering actionO
~.
. .
: A major filtering action is therefore achieved due to impinge-ment of the chilled grease against the upstream surfaces of the grease filtersO In addition, there is a further important ~iltering action caused by the centrifugal "throwing" of the chilled grease particles against the ' !~ filter surfaces due to the rapid direction change as the air passes through ,:
~- filters 3a. The latter or centrifugal action is effected by the exhaust blower 44, acting through the plenum chamber 27 and its major upward plenum extension 150.
.~ ,~, .
The action of exhaust blower 44 is particularl~ effective in that there is no need for providing flow-regulating Screens, etc., in the plenum .: ^
chamber and which tend to become clogged with grease. The above-described uniform flow through the grease filters, across the entire width of the apparatus, is of great importance in achieving highly effective filteringO
Accordingly, a high percentage of grease and smoke particles are removed by the filters, instead of passing upwardly to coat various .:
surfaces and pollute the air. There are no adjustments to be made in the plenum chamber 27 or its plenum extension 150, nor is there any necessity for frequently cleaning the same. Since the collected grease runs downwardly off the grease filters ~to be collected in containers)~ the present apparatus can operate for months at a time with little or no maintenanceO
The duct from plenum extension 150 to exhaust blower 44 can be oriented horizontally instead of vertically. Thus~ for example, the blower 44 may be mounted on the upper surface of ceiling 12, adjacent the center of plenum extension 150. A short horizontal duct is then extended from the .
blower to the plenum extension. Such duct is, for example, perpendicular to the plane of the showing of Figure 2, and may commMnicate with the plenum extension at the point where the number "150" now appears on Figure 20 . ,.
t :~ .
'''' : `- , ' . ' ~. ' . .
- - : , ;, ' ' ' - ' ' ~ ~ , ': , ' ~ " ' : ' .
` ~
EMBODIMENT OF FIGURE ~
Instead of extending vertically, all or part of the extended plenum may be bent or inclined away from the vertical. For example~ as illustrated in Figure 4, a plenum extension is disposed nearly horizontally, rather than vertically, and projects rearwardly from the smoke hood so that obstructions above the smoke hood may be avoided or so that the plenum exten-sion will not project upwardly beyond a low roof parapet. Such plenum exten-sion is substantially identical to that previously described, the only differences being those required to effect a rearward rather than an upward ~ 10 installation. Furthermore, the entire smoke hood apparatus (except for the ; inclination of the plenum~ is identical to that previously describedO
For purposes of description, features and elements identical to those previously described will be identified by the previously used reference numbers. Corresponding elements and features will be identified b~ the original reference numbers followed by the letter "b". New elements and features, or those not previously identified by reference numbers, will be given reference numbers in the 200 series.
An exhaust or plenum chamber 27b is formed the entire width of the filters 3a~ being identical to the previously described plenum chamber ~i 20 27 except that an upper surface 200 thereof is closed and the inner wall 42b thereof has an opening to receive the forward end of a plenum extension 150bo The plenum extension 150b, shown extending rearwardly from the plenum chamber 27b, is substantially identical to the previously described plenum extension 150~ Parallel wall portions 149b at a forward end of the plenum extension l50b are spaced apart substantially the width of the plenum chamber 27b. Nonparallel sides converge rearwardly from edges 151b~ which are adjacent to wall portions 149b, to edges 152b~ which are _ g _ ,~ .
.
:, ~ . :
located rearwardly therefrom.
The rearward end of the plenum extension 150b terminates in a rectangular duct portion 204, which has an upper opening to which a generally vertical duct 206 is attached. The exhaust blower 44 is connected at the upper end of the duct 206, being shown mounted horizontally and having a vertical axis of blower rotation.
The exhaust blower 44 may alternatively be connected to the rear-ward end of the duct 204, the only limitation being that the axis of rotation of the blower should be either vertical (as shown) or horizontal for op~imum operation of the blower.
; Forward ends of the parallel upper and lower surfaces of the plenum extension 150b, and forward ends of the wall portions 149b~ are attached at the rearward facing opening in the inner wall 42b of the plenum chamber 27b. The plenum extension lSOb projects nearly horizontally, rear-wardly through an opening in the rear wall 18b of the smoke hood and through ~, ;~ an opening in a vertical wall 208 of the bullding. The plenum extension 150b ,~ ~
i may, however, be constructed so as to be at any slope either above or below ~ the horiæontal, the only limitation being that such slope should be at `' least ~ 1/4 inch per foot of length to assure proper drainage and prevent~
grease buildup. The plenum extension may (as indicated) incline or extend downwardly, away from the main plenum 27b~ but this is usually undesirable ~` in that grease then drains away from the smoke hood apparatus instead of toward the same.
In some circumstances, because of space limitations or adjacency 1 of other rooms or buildings, it may be impossible or impractical to employ `-~ either a vertically disposed plenum extension or an inclined plenum extension.
-- 10 _ .. - . . : ., . .. ~ ,:
~ ` --3~
Accordingly7 it may be desirable or necessary to bend the plenum extension and install some portions thereof inclined from the vertical. Such an embodi-ment is exemplified by Figure 5, wherein lower portions of a plenum extension are shown vertically disposed above the smoke hood and upper portions are shown inclined to a nearly horizontal positionO
For purposes of descrip~on, elements and features identical to those previously described will ~e identified by the previously used reference numbersO Corresponding elements and features will be identified by the original reference numbers followed by the letter '~c''0 New elements and features, or those not previously identified, will be identified by reference numbers in the 300 seriesO
A best plenum extension 150c is formed having a generally ` vertical portion 300 and a nearly horizontal, rearwardly directed portion 3020 The portion 300 is formed of parallel, vertical side wall portions 149c . .
which are spaced apart about the width of the exhaust or plenum chamber 27, ~ and of parallel, vertical front and rear wall portions 304 and 3060 j The portion 302 is formed by sides which converge inwardly from ;,!r~ ~
r':'.` edges 151c adjacent wall portions 149c to edges 152c rearwardly thereof. An :i upper surface 308 extends forwardly to the upper edge 310 of the front por-tion 3~4. A parallel lower surface extends forwardly to the upper edge 312 of the back portion 306. A continuous plenum extension is thereby formed which is open only at a lower end and at a rearward endO A duct 204c, having a generally vertical duct 206c attached thereto, is connected to such rearward end. me exhaust blower 44 is horizontally mounted at the open upper and of the duct 206c~
me lower portion 300 of the plenum extension is attached at a lower end to an opening in the upper surface of the plenum chamber 27~ and projects upwardly through ceiling 120 m e upper portion 302 of the plenum , ~ _ 11 --''`
.. . ..
, . . . . . ... .. . ; ~
'~ f3fV
.
extension projects rearwardly and almost horizontally above the ceiling 12.
Depending upon installation requirements, th0 lower portion 300 ; may be inclined from the vertical and the upper portion 302 ~ay be sloped either above or below the horizontal, the only limitation being that the slope of the portion 302 should be at least ~ 1/4 inch per foot of length ,! to assure adequate drainage.
` EMBODIMENT OF FIGURE f~
It may be impractical or undesirable in some circumstances to use a single extended plenum chamber in either the vertical, inclined ~-~ 10 or bent configurations described above, because of the great width o~ the , smoke hood. ~fy substituting a plurality of side-by-side plenum extensions, :
~;~ as illustrated in Figure 6, the width of each extended plenu~ chamber may be greatly reduced. Much vertical space may thus be saved when the smoke ` hood is disposed over a very wide cooking appliance~.
,.
For purposes of description, elements and features identical to those previously described will be identified by the previously used reference numbers. Corresponding elements and features will be identified by the original reference numbers followed by a letter "d'lo New elements and features~ or those not previously identified, will be identified by , 20 reference numbers in the 400 seriesO
As illustrated in Figure 6, two vertically disposed plenum extensions 150d are connected in side-by-side relationship to an opening in the upper surface of the plenum chamber 27, and extend upwardly through ceiling 12. ~oth such plenum extensions are identical to each other, and each is substantially identical to the single, vertically disposed plenum extension 150 previously described. Each plenum extension 150d has a lower portion defined by wall portions 149d, sides which converge from lower edges 151d to upper edges 152d, and parallel front and rear surfacesO The thickness - 12 _ .. .
.. . . .
. .
i`
of each plenum extension 150d is equal to that of a single plenum extension 150.
Upper ends of the plenum extensions 150d are closed by surfaces 400, and the two plenum extensions are connected together and to a single exhaust blower 44 so that uniform air and fume flow may be achieved. Two ducts 402 are connected to the plenum extensions 150d~ one duct being connected to an upper rear region of each such extensionO The other ends of the ducts 402 are connected to lower~ forward regions of a manifold or chamber 404. A duct ~06 is connected between the manifold 404 and the exhaust blower 440 The manifold 404 is preferably shaped similarly to a plenum extension in order to achieve a smooth flow of exhaust air and fumes there-through and to assure a uniform flow of exhaust air and fumes through and across each plenum extension 150d. The lower width of the manifold 404 ~, is approximately equal to the spacing between vertical centerlines of the plenum extensions 150d plus the width of one of the ducts 402. Upper sides 40~ of the manifold 404 converge towards each other from lower edges 410 - to upper edges 412. The upper portion of the manifold 404 is closed by a ,:
~ top 414. Bottom portions ~16 of the manifold 404 are inclined upwardly, ,: .
`~ 20 inwardly of the ducts 402, giving the manifold the general appearance of . .
an inverted "~".
It is to be understood that the pairs of plenum extensions lSOd may be inclined or bent as above described.
It is also to be understood that the smoke hoods, plenum exten-sions~ etc.~ may be mounted in back-to back relationshipO This may be done~
for example, when the cooking appliances themselves are back-to-backO
'' :
_ 13 -.~ ., .
'.,, . "
.' ': .. -: . .: ` - . ` :`. . .
EMBODI~ENT OF FIGURES 7-9 The embodiment of Figure 6 has been employed by applicant when the ` smoke hood apparatus is very wide (such width being necessitated by the large - ~ number or size of the cooking appliances therebeneath)O The purpose of the side-by-side construction of Figure 6 is to achieve uniform flow through the filters, across the entire width of the apparatus, without causing the `~- plenum extension means to be excessively higho (It is to be remembered .,.
~" that ~Iwidthll~ in the present application, means hori~ontal distance from left to right as seen, for example, in Figure 8. Such "width" may be in :. -; 10 excess of twenty feet.~
Without substantially uniform flow through the filters, across .
~ the entire width of the apparatus, some filters will be operating properly ;, ~
and others improperly. Thus, uniform flow is highly important.
As shown in Figure 6, the side-by-side orientation creates sub-, ~
stantial additional ductwork~ and sheet metal work~ with attendant cost ~,......................................................................... .
~ and need for roof space. It would thus be greatly desirable to achieve, `I in a single low-profile exhaust plenum extension, the effect of a high ~- extension or of a pair of side-by-side extensionsO This is accomplished with the embodiment of Figures 7-9.
:,~
The embodiment of Figures 7-9 also solves another major problem.
~,:
, With such embodiment~ applicant is for the first time given full control ;,'r', over the entire design and construction, there being no necessity for relying . ,, ~
;~ upon local sheet-matal fabricators (who may not follow applicant's specifi-,.~ j .
i cations, thus causing the entire apparatus to malfunction)O With the :.:
embodiment of Figures 7-9, applicant can pre-build and pre-test everything at the factory. The apparatus can then be rapidly installed by relatively .. j .
~- ~ ,i -14 _ . i .
.. ,~ .
., ~ .
i ::
. - .. ;., .,~. ..... . . .. . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . .
,. . . . : . . . : ,, - ~ . . .
: ~ : - , -. , . - ..
: .. . - . .. ~ . . .. , . . .. - :
unskilled personnel at the job siteO The installation apparatus and method of Figures 7-9, which are described later in this specification, may also be employed with other embodiments of the present inventionO
Referring first to Figure 7, there is shown an extremely large smoke or grease hood 500 of the type described in the abo~e-cited United States patent No, 3,664,255, as modified in accordance with United States patent No. 3,943,836. Such apparatus may be, for example, about 20 feet "wide" (distance from left to right~ Figure 8)o ` Connected to hood 500 at the factory~ and extending upwardly ` 10 therefrom, is a plenum extension 501. Such extension 501 is much less tall, considering the great 'twidth" of the apparatus, than would be expected from the prior teachings in this specification For example, and although the apparatus is (for example) about 20 feet "wide", the plenum extension 501 need only extend about 6 or 7 feet above ceiling 12 when the apparatus is fully installed as shown in Figure 8. Fabrication and materials costs and problems associated with the extended plenum are, with the present embodi-ment, reduced in comparison to the embodiment of Figure 7, The extension 501 may also be inclined, as described above, thus making i~ even lower in ; profile.
`~ 20 The plenum extension 501 need not be tall, despite the great "width"
of the apparatus, because there is provided a means R (Figure 8) to restrict or deflect flow to the exhaust duct 502 from the central regions of the exhaust chamber 27 (Figure 1). Means R reduces flow velocity through the central (least remote) ones of filters 3a. The "central regions" refer to the regions of exhaust chamber 27 which are substantially directly below the duct 502 connecting to exhaust blower 503 (Figures 7 and 9)~ Such restrictor means R are provided relatively adjacent the duct 502, and therefore can be smaIl and self-draining so that only a minimal maintenance , ':
;, . - ,, .: . . , . -,. , , ... . :-problem ~if any) is presentedO
Another reason why the plenum need not be tall~ despite the great ~width" of the apparatus, is that the diameter of duct 502 is very large in comparison to the thickness or depth of the plenum extension 501. Referring to Figure 9, for example, it will be noted that the diameter "D" of exhaust duct 502 is much larger than the thickness ~IT~ of plenum extension 501.
` Because of this relationship, air and fumes drawn into duct 502 must enter .;, it from all regions of plenum extension 501~ not merely (for example) from ; the plenum extension regions directly beneath the ducto As an example, in the above-mentioned exemplary construction wherein the apparatus is about 20 feet "wide"~ dimension "D" may be 30 inches and dimension 'IT'' may be about one foot. (It is to be understood that the ; lower part of the plenum extension 501 communicates freely with the full .....
hori~ontal length of exhaust chamber 27 of the smoke hood apparatus, much as is shown and described relative to Figures 1 and 2 in connection with plenum extension 150.) The restrictor means R of Figure 8 are illustrated to comprise , . .
three smaIl baffles or deflectors 508 510 which extend horizontally between ~- the front and rear walls of plenum extension 501. Such baffles 508-510 are disposed generally beneath (and adjacent) the inlet to duct 502, being ,",.,. ~
so shaped and located that the flow of air and fumes through filters 3a will be substantially uniform across the entire llwidthll of the apparatus.
~ The central one 509 of baffles 508-510 is provided with large, unpluggable x;~ (by grease) ports or slots for self-draining purposesO ~umerous sizes and .;. ' ir`~ shapes of restrictor means R may be employed, the exact sizes and shapes being empirically determined. In place of baffles or deflectors, the front ~, ,:
; wall (for example) of plenum extension 501 may be contoured to provide a constriction below the duct 502, this being a different form of restrictor ~, , . .
~ - 16 -.::
,,.
'..":~
... , . , - ., - . :
,. . , : .
means Ro ` Because of the large diameter of duct 502, in relation to the thickness or depth of the plenum extension~ air and fumes tend (as noted above) to enter such duct from all portions of extension 501 and thus from the full width of the apparatus. However, because duct 502 is much closer to those filters 3a at the central region of the apparatus, there would (in the absence of restrictor means R) tend to be more flow through s~ch central fil~ers than through those near the "sides" of the apparatus (the left and right regions shown in Figure 8)o The restrictor means R corrects this tendency and makes the flow velocity substantially uniform as stated above.
The apparatus of Figures 7-9 also includes an inlet plenum 515 which connects through a duct 516 to supply blower 517. The diameter of the cylindrical duct 516 is much larger than the thickness of plenum 515. Supply ` air therefore spreads or "splashes" to all of the upper regions of plenum 515, -~ and then flows down through deflectors which may correspond to deflectors 39 of the above-cited United States patent No. 3,664,255.
m e illustrated unitary and relatively symmetrical apparatus ;
is such that supply blower 517 is disposed on one side of supply plenum 515, ; whereas exhaust blower 503 is disposed on the remote side of exhaust plenum ~xtension 501. MemberS 501 and 515 therefore act as baffles, minimi~ing ` recirculation of air and fumes through the smoke hoodO Furthermore~ as shown in Figure 7, the intake openings of the blowers 502 and 517 are caused to face in opposite directions.
- However, as indicated in the above-cited United States patent No, 3,664,255, at least some recirculation of fume-laden air may be tolerated.
This is because the intake air does not enter the kitchen, being instead substantially confined to the hoodO ~hen and if such recirculation is _ 17 -. ., , ~ .
' ' :. .:
`; desired, a single large blower may be used for both supply and exhaust purposes. A certain proportion of the recirculating air is then vented to the atmosphereO Such single blower (or two blowers) may be located between (or even in) one or both of the supply plenum and the exhaust plenum exten~
; sion.
The filters 3a operate very efficiently, particularly since flow therethrough is uniform across the entire width of the apparatus. Such filters therefore remove much grease and "smoke" from the fumes. ~lowever, where smog is a particularly acute problem, additional filter means may be provided in the form of the electrostatic precipitator shown at P in Figure 8.
Such filter (which has many openings therethrough, as well known in the art) extends across the entire thickness and width of the exhaust , plenum~ It is supplied with high voltage by a voltage source VO
e precipitator P needs only infrequent cleaning because of the highly effective grease removal at regions upstream thereofO When cleaning is needed, it is relatively simple in that the precipitator P may be made up of a number of narrow and relatively short sections which will fit into a commercial dishwasher. It is emphasi3ed that many installations do not require precipitator PO
t~' METHOD A~D APPARATUS FOR INSTALLhTIO~
` m e installation method and apparatus of the invention are described below relative to the embodiment of Figures 7-9~ They are, additionally, applicable to most other embodimentsO
~ The apparatus comprises an opening 520 (Figure 7) in ceiling .~
or roof 12 and which is sufficiently large to receive (have passed there through) the entire fully-assembled smoke hood 500. A support frame 521 is mounted on the upper roof surface, around the periphery of opening 520.
- 18 _ ,, ' :~ : : - . ~ , .: ~-:- ~ ' ' .:, , ' -. ' ' - . .
~ .
~ - ~
The apparatus additionally comprises a combination support and cover member 522 which is fixedly secured to the smoke hood-plenum apparatus.
Member 522 is welded or soldered to the elements 501 and 515, there being openings in member 522 just sufficiently large to snugly receive such elements.
me member 522 is preferably (not necessarily) horizontal and planar, being so located on the elements 501 and 515 that the apparatus 500 ` will be the desired distance above the cooking appliances when the periphery of member S22 is near rail 521~ Héat-insulation means may be incorporated in the member 5220 Member 522 is larger than the framed opening 520. ~lrthermore, a flange 523 extends downwardly from the periphery of member 522, around the frame 521. Therefore~ and since water-tight welded or soldered (or other) , . .
,I"r, joints are made between member 522 and elements 501-515, a weather-tight . .
system is provided as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
i Suitable heat-insulation and/or water-sealing means, not shown, ; may be provided inwardly adjacent frame 521.
.
; Suitable leveling screws or bolts (or other means) are provided as shown at 530 in Figures 8 and 9~ the lower screw ends resting on frame 5210 m e s~rews are threaded through the member 522.
In accordance with the method, the entire pre-manufactured, pre-tested, and fully operative assembly 500,501,515 and 522 is dropped down-~; wardly so that the hood 500 passes bodily through opening 5200 Screws 530 are then employed to effect leveling as well as a fine adjustment relative to elevation. Heat-insulating and/or water-sealing means are then provided inwardly adjacent frame 521.
.
The blowers 503 and 517 are preferably connected separately at the restaurant, being suitably supported on blocks B as shown in Figure 9.
...
'', - 19 -:-;
:
The described installation method and apparatus provide, in addition to the major benefits stated above, the additional advantage of reducing the fire danger caused by heat conduction to the roof or ceiling 12.
The arrangement prov.ides a large space between the plenum extension 501 and the surrounding ceiling 12. This, coupled with the fact that the plemlm extension 501 is relatively cool in comparison to the small-area exhaust . ducts of the prior art, causes minimized fire danger due to heat conductionO
(It is emphasized that diluting the cooking fumes with make-up air, then passing the air and fumes relatively slowly through the ceiling via the ~ 10 large-size plenum extension, causes much less heat to be present near the .` ceiling than is the case relative to conventional smoke hoods wherein undiluted fumes are concentrated in a small duct and passed at high velocity i, through the ceiling~) The minimized fire hazard due to heat conduction is added to the above-stated major advantage of minimized fire hazard due to grease accumulation.
.:; It is to be noted that, in the illustrated embodiments the thick- -:~ .
ness of the plenum extension (the thickness being represented, for example, by dimension "T" in Figure 9) at regions adjacent exhaust chamber 2~ is substantially smaller than the horizontal lfront-to-rearl dimension of such exhaust chamber at the plenum-extension joint. Referring to Figure 1, . for example, the horizontal dimension at the upper portion of exhaust chamber 27, near the joint with plenum extension 150, is substantially greater than the thickness (horizontal dimension) of such extension 150. There is therefore some increase in the velocity of air and fumes as they exhaust upwardly through ceiling 12, but such increase is normally not great -_ the reason being that the extension 150 extends (at least at its lower end) for substantially the full "width" of the apparatus, as shown in Figure 2, :! and thus has a large cross-sectional area in a horizontal planeO
i ~ _ 20 _ , . .
:: ' ~' ' ; ' ' 1:' :~D~
.
It is emphasi~ed that the present grease hood apparatus is very "wide", so as to fit Gver (for example3 a row of cooking appliances in a restaurantO The "width" (horizontal dimension, Figure 2, for example) i~
much greater than the depth (the front-to-rear dimension as seen in Figure 1 for example). In many cases, the "width" is at least a plurality of times (and often several times) the depth~ as shown in Figure 7. Chamber 27 ~Figure 1), and the row of grease filters 3a ~Figure 2), are therefore greatly horizontally elongatedO
Relative to Figures 4, 5 and 6, it is emphasized that (in the pre-,1,1" .
` 10 ferred form~ the exhaust plenum 27, and the filters 3a, are only parts of . . ~
the apparatus (including air supply and director means, vortex means, etcO) described in our prior United States patent cited aboveO Such aMaratus~
` is shown schematically at 500 in Figures 7_9O For purposes of simplifica-tion of such Figures ~-6, only the elements 27 and 3a are shown therein.
Relative to the installation embodiment of the invention, Figures 7_9, additional or substitute means may be provided to take care of those . . .
- situations where the architect and/or builder did not construct and/or locate the opening 520 (Figure 7) with sufficient accuracy. For so~e such situa-tions~ the element 522 is not factory-welded to elements 501 and 515D
.: .
Instead~ element 522 is provided with a single large rectangular opening~
sufficiently large to recèive both elements 501 and 515 with substantial clearance for lateral and tilting adjustment. The method is then performed without the member 522 in position, and the hood 500 is supported by hangers (incorporating vertical blots for vertical adjustment) -~ the hangers being supported on frame 521. Thereafter, the modified element 522 is mounted over ~ the elements 501-515, and flashing and counterflashing are provided at such elements for sealing purposes. Ducts 502 and 516, and blowers 503 and 5~7, ~: are then connectedO
. 21 ;
;' .
....
..
'..,; .
... - , . . . ~. .~ ;... .. ...
;i`
It is pointed out that an important purpose offrame521 is to act .. as a dam or dike preventing standing water on roof 12 from leaking through ,: opening 520.
.,;:
j.i ~, ., .
. ~ .
, .
`i`~:`
~:~` ?
'.;,-~
. ~ .
`~J,ri., . ;* ., ~"~
;,":, .
'!~ j .
;, ,: `
1'"'~.
~:;
, ," ,;, ;'," "
:'": .' !,~
,j:; .`;
;' ' .,:.':
'.;`
: ~' ':
. ~, . . .
- 22 _ ,:, ,, .. ,.,. ~,-.
,~. -.:
:i,::
,., ..,,~
~ .,, t., ,: ,,, , ~ - . . :
. ::. . ~ : , ~ . .
:
, . - ~
Claims (35)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A premanufactured unitary grease hood apparatus at least partially mounted in the roof or ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, which comprises:
(a) a premanufactured unitary grease hood, (b) a ceiling or roof of a restaurant kitchen, said ceiling having a hole therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough from the outside of said restaurant kitchen said premanufactured unitary grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood at said hole with at least part of said hood disposed below the level of said ceiling, said part of said hood being adapted to receive grease-laden fumes from a cooking appliance disposed therebeneath.
(a) a premanufactured unitary grease hood, (b) a ceiling or roof of a restaurant kitchen, said ceiling having a hole therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough from the outside of said restaurant kitchen said premanufactured unitary grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood at said hole with at least part of said hood disposed below the level of said ceiling, said part of said hood being adapted to receive grease-laden fumes from a cooking appliance disposed therebeneath.
2. The invention as claimed in claim 1, in which said hood is dis-posed below the level of said ceiling, and in which means extend upwardly from said hood through said hole to conduct fumes away from said hood.
3. The invention as claimed in claim 1, in which means are provided to close said hole to prevent leakage of water through said hole into said kitchen.
4. A premanufactured unitary grease hood apparatus which comprises:
(a) a premanufactured unitary grease hood (b) a roof or ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, said roof having a hole therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough from the exterior of said restaurant kitchen, while said grease hood is in upright condition, at least the lower portions of said upright premanufactured unitary grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood in an operating position, said grease hood when in said operating position having at least said lower portions thereof disposed below said hole, said lower portions being adapted to receive greaseladen fumes from a cooking appliance disposed therebeneath.
(a) a premanufactured unitary grease hood (b) a roof or ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, said roof having a hole therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough from the exterior of said restaurant kitchen, while said grease hood is in upright condition, at least the lower portions of said upright premanufactured unitary grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood in an operating position, said grease hood when in said operating position having at least said lower portions thereof disposed below said hole, said lower portions being adapted to receive greaseladen fumes from a cooking appliance disposed therebeneath.
5. The invention as claimed in claim 4, in which said hole is sufficiently large to have all of said hood passed downwardly therethrough when said hood is in upright condition, in which all of said hood is dis-posed below the level of said roof, and in which means extend upwardly from said hood through said hole to conduct fumes away from said hood.
6. The invention as claimed in claim 5, in which means are provided to close said hole around said fume-conducting means to prevent leakage of water through said hole.
7. A grease hood and plenum apparatus mounted at the ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, which comprises: (a) a grease hood incorporating grease filters and also incorporating means to direct make-up air toward said grease filters, said make-up air passing through a capture chamber the bottom of which is open for reception of fumes from a cooking appliance disposed therebeneath, (b) an extended exhaust plenum projecting upwardly from said hood to draw air and fumes through said filters, (c) a supply means extending upwardly from said hood to supply said make-up air thereto, (d) blower means to deliver make-up air to said supply means and to draw air and fumes from said extended exhaust plenum, (e) a kitchen ceiling having an opening therein sized and shaped to receive downwardly therethrough said grease hood in premanufactured condition, and (f) means to support said grease hood at said opening and at least partially below the level of said ceiling whereby fumes may pass upwardly into said capture chamber.
8. The invention as claimed in claim 7, in which said grease hood is disposed at an elevation sufficiently low that said extended exhaust plenum and said supply means pass upwardly through said opening.
9. The invention as claimed in claim 8. in which means are provided to close the regions of said opening around said supply means and around said extended exhaust plenum.
10. me invention as claimed in claim 8, in which cover means are provided sealingly around said extended exhaust plenum and around said supply means, said cover means extending outwardly to close said opening.
11. The invention as claimed in claim 10, in which the peripheral portions of said cover means extend over a frame which is provided on said ceiling around said opening.
12. The invention as claimed in claim 11, in which said cover means is supported on said frame, and further functions as said support means recited in clause (f).
13. The invention as claimed in claim 8, in which said opening is sized and shaped to permit said grease hood to be dropped downwardly there-through while said exhaust plenum and said supply means continue to project and extend upwardly from said hood.
14. The invention as claimed in claim 13, in which said grease hood is disposed at an elevation sufficiently low that said extended exhaust plenum and said supply means pass upwardly through said opening.
15. The invention as claimed in claim 13, in which means are provided to close the regions of said opening around said supply means and around said extended exhaust plenum.
16. The invention as claimed in claim 13, in which cover means are provided sealingly around said extended exhaust plenum and around said supply means, said cover means extending outwardly to close said opening.
17. The invention as claimed in claim 13, in which the peripheral portions of said cover means extend over a frame which is provided on said ceiling around said opening.
18. A method of installing a grease hood, which comprises (a) pro-viding a restaurant kitchen ceiling having a hole therethrough sufficiently large to receive a premanufactured grease hood, (b) dropping said premanu-factured grease hood from the exterior of said kitchen at least part of the way downwardly through said hole, and (c) supporting said grease hood in a desired position in spaced relationship above a cooking appliance in said kitchen, with at least part of said grease hood below the elevation of said ceiling.
19. The invention as claimed in claim 18, in which said method further comprises dropping said grease hood all of the way downwardly through said hole, providing exhaust means which extend upwardly through said hole from said hood, and effecting closing of said hole around said exhaust means.
20. The invention as claimed in claim 18, in which said hood is horizontally elongated and has plenum chamber means extending upwardly therefrom, and in which said step (b) comprises dropping said hood through said hole while said plenum chamber means continues to extend upwardly therefrom, whereby said plenum chamber means extends through said hole.
21. A method of installing a grease hood, which comprises: (a) providing a restaurant kitchen ceiling having a hole therethrough sufficient-ly large to receive a premanufactured grease hood while it is in upright condition, (b) passing said premanufactured grease hood at least part of the way downwardly through said hole by vertically translating said grease hood downwardly while said hood is in upright condition, and (c) supporting said grease hood in a desired position in spaced relationship above a cooking appliance in said kitchen, with at least part of said grease hood below said hole.
22. The invention as claimed in claim 21, in which said grease hood has exhaust means premanufactured therewith and extending upwardly there-from, and in which said method further comprises passing said grease hood all of the way downwardly through said hole while causing said exhaust means to continue to extend upwardly through said hole from said hood, and effecting closing of said hole around said exhaust means.
23. The invention as claimed in claim 21, in which said hood is horizontally elongated and has plenum chamber means extending upwardly there-from, and in which said plenum chamber means is caused to extend through said hole.
24. The invention as claimed in claim 23, in which said method further comprises closing and rendering water-tight said hole around said plenum chamber means.
25. The invention as claimed in claim 21, in which said method further comprises effecting said supporting step by suspending said hood from said ceiling.
26. A method of installing a grease hood into a kitchen, which com-prises: (a) dropping a premanufactured grease hood downwardly from the exterior of said kitchen at least part of the way through a hole in the restaurant kitchen ceiling, and (b) supporting said grease hood in a desired position in spaced relationship above a cooking appliance in said kitchen, with at least part of said grease hood below said opening.
27. The invention as claimed in claim 26, in which said hood is horizontally elongated and has air and fume conduit means extending upwardly therefrom, and in which said step (a) comprises dropping said hood through said hole while said conduit means continues to extend upwardly therefrom, whereby said conduit means extends through said hole.
28. The invention as claimed in claim 26, in which said method fur-ther comprises sealing said hole around said conduit means.
29. A premanufactured unitary grease hood apparatus at least partially mounted in the roof or ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, which comprises:
(a) a premanufactured unitary grease hood, (b) a ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, said ceiling having an opening therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough said premanufactured unitary grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood at said opening with at least part of said hood disposed below the level of said ceiling, said part of said hood being adapted to receive greaseladen fumes from a cooking appliance disposed therebeneath.
(a) a premanufactured unitary grease hood, (b) a ceiling of a restaurant kitchen, said ceiling having an opening therein sufficiently large to have passed downwardly therethrough said premanufactured unitary grease hood, and (c) means to support said grease hood at said opening with at least part of said hood disposed below the level of said ceiling, said part of said hood being adapted to receive greaseladen fumes from a cooking appliance disposed therebeneath.
30. The invention as claimed in claim 29, in which said hood is dis-posed below the level of said ceiling, and in which means extend upwardly through said opening to conduct fumes away from said hood.
31. The invention as claimed in claim 29, in which means are provided to close said opening to prevent leakage of water therethrough.
32 A method of installing a grease hood, which comprises: (a) pro-viding a restaurant kitchen ceiling having an opening therethrough sufficient-ly large to receive a premanufactured grease hood, (b) passing said pre-manufactured grease hood at least part of the way downwardly through said opening, and (c) supporting said grease hood in a desired position in spaced relationship above a cooking appliance in said kitchen, with at least part of said grease hood below said opening
33. The invention as claimed in claim 32, in which said method further comprises passing said grease hood all of the way downwardly through said opening, providing exhaust means which extend upwardly through said opening from said hood, effecting said supporting step by connecting said hood to said ceiling, and effecting closing of said opening.
34. A method of installing a grease hood, which comprises: (a) pro-viding a restaurant kitchen ceiling having an opening therethrough sufficiently large to receive a premanufactured grease hood, (b) passing said premanufactured grease hood at least part of the way downwardly through said opening, and (c) supporting said grease hood in a desired position in spaced relationship above a cooking appliance in said kitchen, with at least part of said grease hood near said opening and below the elevation thereof.
35. The invention as claimed in claim 34, in which said method further comprises passing said grease hood all of the way downwardly through said opening, providing exhaust means which extend upwardly through said opening from said hood, effecting said supporting step by connecting said hood to said ceiling, and effecting closing of said opening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA321,324A CA1081030A (en) | 1974-09-26 | 1979-02-13 | Method of installing kitchen grease hood |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/509,555 US3952640A (en) | 1973-03-01 | 1974-09-26 | Apparatus and method for extracting grease and smoke, and method of installing the same |
| CA234845A CA1054430A (en) | 1974-09-26 | 1975-09-05 | Apparatus and method for extracting grease and smoke, and method of installing the same |
| CA321,324A CA1081030A (en) | 1974-09-26 | 1979-02-13 | Method of installing kitchen grease hood |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1081030A true CA1081030A (en) | 1980-07-08 |
Family
ID=27164098
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA321,324A Expired CA1081030A (en) | 1974-09-26 | 1979-02-13 | Method of installing kitchen grease hood |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1081030A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8038515B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2011-10-18 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Control of exhaust systems |
| US8734210B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2014-05-27 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Autonomous ventilation system |
| US8795040B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2014-08-05 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Autonomous ventilation system |
| US9494324B2 (en) | 2008-12-03 | 2016-11-15 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Exhaust flow control system and method |
| US9574779B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2017-02-21 | Oy Halton Group, Ltd. | Exhaust apparatus, system, and method for enhanced capture and containment |
-
1979
- 1979-02-13 CA CA321,324A patent/CA1081030A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8444462B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2013-05-21 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Control of exhaust systems |
| US9011215B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2015-04-21 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Control of exhaust systems |
| US9188354B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2015-11-17 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Control of exhaust systems |
| US8038515B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2011-10-18 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Control of exhaust systems |
| US11242999B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2022-02-08 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Control of exhaust systems |
| US10184669B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2019-01-22 | Oy Halton Group Ltd | Control of exhaust systems |
| US8734210B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2014-05-27 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Autonomous ventilation system |
| US10302307B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2019-05-28 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Autonomous ventilation system |
| US8795040B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2014-08-05 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Autonomous ventilation system |
| US9587839B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2017-03-07 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Autonomous ventilation system |
| US9574779B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2017-02-21 | Oy Halton Group, Ltd. | Exhaust apparatus, system, and method for enhanced capture and containment |
| US9494324B2 (en) | 2008-12-03 | 2016-11-15 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Exhaust flow control system and method |
| US10082299B2 (en) | 2008-12-03 | 2018-09-25 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Exhaust flow control system and method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3952640A (en) | Apparatus and method for extracting grease and smoke, and method of installing the same | |
| US4506655A (en) | Compact double fan apparatus and method with grease-separating capabilities | |
| US3664255A (en) | Apparatus and method for removing fumes from the space above a cooking appliance | |
| US3731462A (en) | Air purification systems | |
| CN1936439B (en) | Air conditioning apparatus | |
| US4153044A (en) | Backshelf ventilating hood | |
| US5884619A (en) | Cook top intake director | |
| US5467761A (en) | Apparatus and method for removing fumes from the space above a cooking appliance | |
| US6223741B1 (en) | Residential-type stove hood with fluid filter cleaning means | |
| WO2007035025A2 (en) | Air conditioning apparatus | |
| US4534281A (en) | Laboratory fume hood | |
| US4143645A (en) | Self-contained exhaust hood with heat exchanger and method of exhausting air | |
| US20220266185A1 (en) | Housing for receiving contaminated airflow from a clothes dryer or from a building's interior, constructed for filtering and recycling thru an interior piping system or disposing out to a building's exterior and comprising a safety mechanical shutdown system of the clothes dryer | |
| CA1081030A (en) | Method of installing kitchen grease hood | |
| US5452708A (en) | Universal horizontal-vertical (H-V) direct-vented gas heating unit | |
| US4146017A (en) | Hood system for cooking equipment | |
| US2077496A (en) | Kitchen ventilator | |
| CN101017011A (en) | Indoor unit of air conditioner | |
| CA1054430A (en) | Apparatus and method for extracting grease and smoke, and method of installing the same | |
| KR101363364B1 (en) | The air curtain divice gas range | |
| US4141342A (en) | Apparatus for extracting grease and smoke, and method and apparatus for installing the same | |
| CN206626700U (en) | Wall-hanging air conditioner all-in-one | |
| EP1159090A1 (en) | Arrangement for air evacuation | |
| CN214791614U (en) | Kitchen air conditioning system | |
| US2812703A (en) | Roof ventilator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |