CA1080841A - Construction for dewatering buildings and maintaining them dry - Google Patents
Construction for dewatering buildings and maintaining them dryInfo
- Publication number
- CA1080841A CA1080841A CA275,242A CA275242A CA1080841A CA 1080841 A CA1080841 A CA 1080841A CA 275242 A CA275242 A CA 275242A CA 1080841 A CA1080841 A CA 1080841A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- conductors
- wall
- electrical
- level
- buildings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
- E04B1/7007—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by using electricity, e.g. electro-osmosis
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
CONSTRUCTION FOR DEWATERING BUILDINGS
AND MAINTAINING THEM DRY
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Buildings are dewatered and maintained dry by utilizing metallic electrical conductors in the form of foils, sheets, wire screens, gratings, rods, or parts thereof, placed at different, parallel, predominantly horizontal levels of the walls of the building. Every electrical conductor of one level is connected with one or more conductors of the other level, all the conductors having the same composition.
AND MAINTAINING THEM DRY
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Buildings are dewatered and maintained dry by utilizing metallic electrical conductors in the form of foils, sheets, wire screens, gratings, rods, or parts thereof, placed at different, parallel, predominantly horizontal levels of the walls of the building. Every electrical conductor of one level is connected with one or more conductors of the other level, all the conductors having the same composition.
Description
~0~ 4~
I'he present invention relates to a method of coun-ter-acting damp in walls. It may be applied to the drying of buildings and maintaining them dry if they have become affected by rising damp due to missing or worn-out horizontal ; insulations (damp-proof courses).
It is well known that above ground level, moisture in a wall vaporizes. Due to osmotic pressure, capillary action, and electrical Eield force, additional moisture to replace that which has evaporated ascends predominantly from ground water.
; 10 Between these forces and gravity, an equilibrium of forces will develop. This is the reason why moisture will not ascend to an arbitrary height, but only for two or three meters above ground level.
~` Up to now methods have become known which aim at weakening or eliminating the electrical forces. They have be-come known by the term "electro-osmosis methods".
In the case of passive electro-osmosis methods elec-trical conductors are placed in the walls of the building and electrically connected with the ground water in order to equalize - 20 the existing potential differences.
In the case of active electro-osmosis methods an elec-trical power source is inserted between the electrical conduc-tors placed in the walls of the building and the ground water in order to accelerate equalization of potential differences.
Another method has become known according to which electrical conductors made of two different metals oE the elec-; tromotive series are installed in the walls of the building.
They are electrically connected with each other in such a way that they form a galvanic element in the moist walls of the building.
The electrical conductors arranged in the walls of the
I'he present invention relates to a method of coun-ter-acting damp in walls. It may be applied to the drying of buildings and maintaining them dry if they have become affected by rising damp due to missing or worn-out horizontal ; insulations (damp-proof courses).
It is well known that above ground level, moisture in a wall vaporizes. Due to osmotic pressure, capillary action, and electrical Eield force, additional moisture to replace that which has evaporated ascends predominantly from ground water.
; 10 Between these forces and gravity, an equilibrium of forces will develop. This is the reason why moisture will not ascend to an arbitrary height, but only for two or three meters above ground level.
~` Up to now methods have become known which aim at weakening or eliminating the electrical forces. They have be-come known by the term "electro-osmosis methods".
In the case of passive electro-osmosis methods elec-trical conductors are placed in the walls of the building and electrically connected with the ground water in order to equalize - 20 the existing potential differences.
In the case of active electro-osmosis methods an elec-trical power source is inserted between the electrical conduc-tors placed in the walls of the building and the ground water in order to accelerate equalization of potential differences.
Another method has become known according to which electrical conductors made of two different metals oE the elec-; tromotive series are installed in the walls of the building.
They are electrically connected with each other in such a way that they form a galvanic element in the moist walls of the building.
The electrical conductors arranged in the walls of the
- 2 ~
.
,:
:~''': ' , ~', ~ , .
8~
bullding ~ccordlne to one of the electro-09mo~1s method~
mentioned abov~ operate a8 electrodea ln an electrolyte~ AD
th~y are traversed by electrlcal current they are ~ubJected to heaYy ~lectroeroslve wear processe~ and ~hey have to be exchang~d from tlme to time in order to be able to function appropriatelyO
Wlth the electro-osmosis methods known up to now it i~ only sometimes po~sible to safely and permanently eliminate the i~flue~ce Or the electrical fields which are to be found in all sections o~ the moi~t wall9 of the building.
The invention aims at creating a novel method for dryi~g buildings and keeping them dry.
~ h~ i~vention reduce~ or eliminates destruction of the utilized electrical co~ductor~ due to electroerosion.
Accordine to the invention we provide a method o~ counter-acting damp in a wall by utilizing currentless metallic electrical conductor3, wherein the conductors, in the form of ~oils, ~eets, wire scree~s, gratings or rod~ are incorporated in the structure o~ the wall and at different le~el~ the conductors being electric-ally co~nected to each other but not connected to earth and all the conductors and their connections consi~ting uf the 8am~
material.
By this method a certain section of the wall is screened f~om electrical fields~ Inside metals there iB no electrical ~ield~
~nfluenced by external field forces, the free charge carrier~
will move in the direction of the field lines to the surface of the metal and remain there as long as there is an external ele~trical field. The external electrical field will not be able to penetrate the space enclosed or interspersed by metal even if this space i~ not enclo~ed by a ccmpletely compact metallic
.
,:
:~''': ' , ~', ~ , .
8~
bullding ~ccordlne to one of the electro-09mo~1s method~
mentioned abov~ operate a8 electrodea ln an electrolyte~ AD
th~y are traversed by electrlcal current they are ~ubJected to heaYy ~lectroeroslve wear processe~ and ~hey have to be exchang~d from tlme to time in order to be able to function appropriatelyO
Wlth the electro-osmosis methods known up to now it i~ only sometimes po~sible to safely and permanently eliminate the i~flue~ce Or the electrical fields which are to be found in all sections o~ the moi~t wall9 of the building.
The invention aims at creating a novel method for dryi~g buildings and keeping them dry.
~ h~ i~vention reduce~ or eliminates destruction of the utilized electrical co~ductor~ due to electroerosion.
Accordine to the invention we provide a method o~ counter-acting damp in a wall by utilizing currentless metallic electrical conductor3, wherein the conductors, in the form of ~oils, ~eets, wire scree~s, gratings or rod~ are incorporated in the structure o~ the wall and at different le~el~ the conductors being electric-ally co~nected to each other but not connected to earth and all the conductors and their connections consi~ting uf the 8am~
material.
By this method a certain section of the wall is screened f~om electrical fields~ Inside metals there iB no electrical ~ield~
~nfluenced by external field forces, the free charge carrier~
will move in the direction of the field lines to the surface of the metal and remain there as long as there is an external ele~trical field. The external electrical field will not be able to penetrate the space enclosed or interspersed by metal even if this space i~ not enclo~ed by a ccmpletely compact metallic
3 -:
...... . .
.. . .
' : ; ` ':
. , ~ 8~surface. Th~ field line~ of the extern~l electrical ~ield will always end perpendicularly on the mctallic surface.
In the walls of the building enclo~ed or intersper~ed by metal therefore no electrical field forces will be active. There-~ fore moisture in it will be able to drain off in the direction Or - 5 gravity, and the~e wall~ will gradually dry out.
Above the screened part of the walls moisture will be inilue-nced by the electrical field ;till existing here, will ascend, and will vaporize. As moisture iq not able to follow-up, thi~ section will be dried out, too.
Below th~ screened part moisture will accumulate. Screening by metal~ therefore should always be effected down to those section3 which anyhow will remain moist due to surrounding ground water.
Connections between metallic conductors of the one le~el and t~o~e of the other one may be in~talled at one side of the wall, at both ~ide~, or in such a way that they penetrate the wall vertically or diagonally.
lhe electrical conductors which are arranged at different horizontal levels and the electrical con~ectio~s between them are made of the same metal. Thereby it will be guaranteed that potent~al difference~ between them, and thereby electroerosion, w~ll not occur~
The metallic conductors will be installed in mortar ~oints, in bore-holesg or in ~plits. In the case of new buildings, the electric conductors to be arranged at one level are inserted into ., , .
. . .
. .,: , .
. ~ ~: . . . ;' .
8~g~
., .
the horizontal mortar join~s predominantly in the form of foils, sheets, wire screens, ~r gratings, of metals, the length an~ width of which correspond to the length and width of the wall, and they are electrically connected from one level to the other one. In the case of buildings already existing, rod-type metallic conductors may be installed in bore-holes. They are evenly distributed in the wall, and electrically connected from one level to the other one.
The screening effect of the metallic conductors arranged at one level will be the higher the smaller the distances between them. The distance between two neighbouring electrical conductors at one level should be less than 80 cm.
The bigger the distance between two neighbouring conductors at one level is, the bigger the distance between the levels - 15 at which they are arranged should be. The distance between the two levels should be at least twice the distance between ; two neighbouring conductors of one level.
The advantage of this invention is to be found in the fact that it makes it possible to safely dry buildings and to maintain them dry in a lasting way. In that the installed electrical conductors do not carry electrical current, they are not subjected to electroerosion.
; In order to increase durability of the electrical conductors they may be l`nsulated against the brickwork without affecting their effectiveness.
. ~
, - . . . . . .
. .
' . ' ~' ' ' ' '; " ' ',' ' , ` `
.. . . . .
...... . .
.. . .
' : ; ` ':
. , ~ 8~surface. Th~ field line~ of the extern~l electrical ~ield will always end perpendicularly on the mctallic surface.
In the walls of the building enclo~ed or intersper~ed by metal therefore no electrical field forces will be active. There-~ fore moisture in it will be able to drain off in the direction Or - 5 gravity, and the~e wall~ will gradually dry out.
Above the screened part of the walls moisture will be inilue-nced by the electrical field ;till existing here, will ascend, and will vaporize. As moisture iq not able to follow-up, thi~ section will be dried out, too.
Below th~ screened part moisture will accumulate. Screening by metal~ therefore should always be effected down to those section3 which anyhow will remain moist due to surrounding ground water.
Connections between metallic conductors of the one le~el and t~o~e of the other one may be in~talled at one side of the wall, at both ~ide~, or in such a way that they penetrate the wall vertically or diagonally.
lhe electrical conductors which are arranged at different horizontal levels and the electrical con~ectio~s between them are made of the same metal. Thereby it will be guaranteed that potent~al difference~ between them, and thereby electroerosion, w~ll not occur~
The metallic conductors will be installed in mortar ~oints, in bore-holesg or in ~plits. In the case of new buildings, the electric conductors to be arranged at one level are inserted into ., , .
. . .
. .,: , .
. ~ ~: . . . ;' .
8~g~
., .
the horizontal mortar join~s predominantly in the form of foils, sheets, wire screens, ~r gratings, of metals, the length an~ width of which correspond to the length and width of the wall, and they are electrically connected from one level to the other one. In the case of buildings already existing, rod-type metallic conductors may be installed in bore-holes. They are evenly distributed in the wall, and electrically connected from one level to the other one.
The screening effect of the metallic conductors arranged at one level will be the higher the smaller the distances between them. The distance between two neighbouring electrical conductors at one level should be less than 80 cm.
The bigger the distance between two neighbouring conductors at one level is, the bigger the distance between the levels - 15 at which they are arranged should be. The distance between the two levels should be at least twice the distance between ; two neighbouring conductors of one level.
The advantage of this invention is to be found in the fact that it makes it possible to safely dry buildings and to maintain them dry in a lasting way. In that the installed electrical conductors do not carry electrical current, they are not subjected to electroerosion.
; In order to increase durability of the electrical conductors they may be l`nsulated against the brickwork without affecting their effectiveness.
. ~
, - . . . . . .
. .
' . ' ~' ' ' ' '; " ' ',' ' , ` `
.. . . . .
Claims (5)
1. A method of counteracting damp in a wall by utilizing currentless metallic electrical conductors, characterized by incorporating metallic electrical conductors in the form of foils, sheets, wire screens, gratings or rods, in the structure of the wall and at different levels, the electrical conductors being electrically connected to each other, but not connected to earth, and all the conductors and their connections consisting of the same material.
2. A method according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electrical connections are installed at one side of the wall, at both sides, or in such a way that they penetrate it vertically or diagonally.
3. A method according to Claim 2, characterized by the fact that the electrical conductors at different levels are evenly distributed in the wall, the distance between two neighbouring conductors at one level being less than 80 cm.
4. A method according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the distance between two levels is at least twice the distance between two neigh-bouring conductors of one level.
5. A method according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall is made of bricks and the electrical conductors are insulated against the brickwork.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD19218576 | 1976-04-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1080841A true CA1080841A (en) | 1980-07-01 |
Family
ID=5504139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA275,242A Expired CA1080841A (en) | 1976-04-03 | 1977-03-31 | Construction for dewatering buildings and maintaining them dry |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT352357B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE853113A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1080841A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH616977A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2714683A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK145633C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES457452A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2346511A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1115849B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7603539A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2570733B1 (en) * | 1984-09-24 | 1989-05-19 | Cazal Sarl | METHOD FOR SUPPRESSING ASCENDING MOISTURE FROM WALLS |
| AT394409B (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1992-03-25 | Steininger Karl Heinz | DEVICE FOR ELECTROKINETIC DESALINATION OF WALLMASKS |
| AT395033B (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1992-08-25 | Rotter Anton Jun | Apparatus for drying structures and keeping them dry |
| DE102015208204A1 (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2016-11-10 | Schunk Wien Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for drying a building material body |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL51800C (en) * | 1939-04-08 | |||
| FR1272139A (en) * | 1960-08-10 | 1961-09-22 | Talalmanyokat Ertekesito Vall | Method and device for removing moisture or drying porous building elements, in particular masonry structures |
| AU474824B2 (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1974-02-14 | Bonney Holdings Pty. Ltd. | Method of dehumidification of masonry or brickwork |
| DE2425586A1 (en) * | 1973-07-06 | 1975-03-13 | K Ind Halle Mitte Veb | WORKING PROCEDURES AND ARRANGEMENT OF DIPOLES OD. DGL. FOR THE RENOVATION OF BUILDINGS AT RISK OF WET |
| DD109049A1 (en) * | 1973-12-27 | 1974-10-12 |
-
1976
- 1976-04-05 NL NL7603539A patent/NL7603539A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1977
- 1977-03-31 AT AT225377A patent/AT352357B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-31 CA CA275,242A patent/CA1080841A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-31 BE BE176316A patent/BE853113A/en unknown
- 1977-03-31 DK DK142777A patent/DK145633C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-04-01 DE DE19772714683 patent/DE2714683A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1977-04-01 IT IT4877577A patent/IT1115849B/en active
- 1977-04-01 ES ES457452A patent/ES457452A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-01 CH CH415577A patent/CH616977A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-04-01 FR FR7709974A patent/FR2346511A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2346511B1 (en) | 1983-07-08 |
| BE853113A (en) | 1977-07-18 |
| AT352357B (en) | 1979-09-10 |
| ES457452A1 (en) | 1978-03-01 |
| DE2714683A1 (en) | 1977-10-13 |
| DK145633C (en) | 1983-06-20 |
| FR2346511A1 (en) | 1977-10-28 |
| DK145633B (en) | 1983-01-03 |
| NL7603539A (en) | 1977-10-04 |
| CH616977A5 (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| DK142777A (en) | 1977-10-03 |
| ATA225377A (en) | 1979-02-15 |
| IT1115849B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |