CA1079223A - Thermoplastic fibers as separator or diaphragm in electrochemical cells - Google Patents
Thermoplastic fibers as separator or diaphragm in electrochemical cellsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1079223A CA1079223A CA244,710A CA244710A CA1079223A CA 1079223 A CA1079223 A CA 1079223A CA 244710 A CA244710 A CA 244710A CA 1079223 A CA1079223 A CA 1079223A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- electrolytic cell
- fibers
- diaphragm
- thermoplastic material
- polyoxyethylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title description 7
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DJZKNOVUNYPPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-1,4,11,14-tetracarboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCC(C(N)=O)CCCCCCC(C(N)=O)CCCC(N)=O DJZKNOVUNYPPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 6
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical group O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004801 Chlorinated PVC Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005682 EO-PO block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000457 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J kaolinite Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003666 myelinated nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
- C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
- C25B13/08—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/548,684 US4210515A (en) | 1975-02-10 | 1975-02-10 | Thermoplastic fibers as separator or diaphragm in electrochemical cells |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1079223A true CA1079223A (en) | 1980-06-10 |
Family
ID=24189941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA244,710A Expired CA1079223A (en) | 1975-02-10 | 1976-01-29 | Thermoplastic fibers as separator or diaphragm in electrochemical cells |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4210515A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS51104483A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1079223A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2604975A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2300144A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1533428A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1053808B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7601341A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4126535A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1978-11-21 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Chlorotrifluoroethylene containing polymer diaphragm |
| US4208246A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1980-06-17 | Nippon Soda Company Limited | Method of preparing asbestos diaphragms for electrolysis cell |
| ZA793535B (en) * | 1978-07-31 | 1980-07-30 | Solvay | Permeable diaphragm for an electrochemical cell |
| US4416757A (en) | 1978-12-22 | 1983-11-22 | Olin Corporation | Coated thermoplastic polymer diaphragms and a method for their preparation |
| US4217198A (en) | 1979-03-23 | 1980-08-12 | Olin Corporation | Coated perfluorosulfonic acid resin membranes and a method for their preparation |
| US4444640A (en) * | 1980-09-22 | 1984-04-24 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Dimensionally stable asbestos-polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragms for chloralkali electrolytic cells |
| US4606805A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1986-08-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrolyte permeable diaphragm and method of making same |
| US4464238A (en) * | 1983-05-09 | 1984-08-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Porous separators for electrolytic processes |
| GB8412673D0 (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1984-06-27 | Raychem Ltd | Polymer membrane |
| US4666573A (en) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-05-19 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Synthetic diaphragm and process of use thereof |
| DE3629820A1 (de) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-03-05 | Ppg Industries Inc | Diephragma aus synthetischen polymeren, seine herstellung und verwendung zur chlor-alkalielektrolyse |
| US4720334A (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1988-01-19 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Diaphragm for electrolytic cell |
| CA2057826C (en) * | 1991-01-03 | 1998-09-01 | Donald W. Dubois | Method of operating chlor-alkali cells |
| EP0545068A3 (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-12-22 | Du Pont | Wetting of diaphragms |
| US5266350A (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1993-11-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Processes and materials for treatment and repair of electrolytic cell separators |
| US5534337A (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 1996-07-09 | Cobale Company, L.L.C. | Thermoset reinforced corrosion resistant laminates |
| US5401458A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-03-28 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Meltblowing of ethylene and fluorinated ethylene copolymers |
| US5422159A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1995-06-06 | Ausimont U.S.A., Inc. | Fluorpolymer sheets formed from hydroentangled fibers |
| US5612089A (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-03-18 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method for preparing diaphragm for use in chlor-alkali cells |
| US5683749A (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-11-04 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method for preparing asbestos-free chlor-alkali diaphragm |
| US5630930A (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-05-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method for starting a chlor-alkali diaphragm cell |
| US6059944A (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-05-09 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Diaphragm for electrolytic cell |
| RU2230226C1 (ru) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-06-10 | Открытое акционерное общество Научно-производственное объединение "Искра" | Способ изготовления диафрагмы мембранного насоса |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1862244A (en) * | 1932-06-07 | K e stuart | ||
| CA700296A (en) * | 1964-12-22 | Kwo-Wei Chen William | Membranes | |
| BE475208A (enExample) * | 1942-05-25 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| NL135829C (enExample) * | 1961-11-02 | |||
| GB1081046A (en) * | 1965-08-31 | 1967-08-31 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of porous diaphragms |
| US3407096A (en) * | 1966-01-25 | 1968-10-22 | American Cyanamid Co | Fuel cell and method for preparing the electrodes |
| CA845032A (en) * | 1966-12-03 | 1970-06-23 | Hacker Heinz | Gas-tight diaphragms for electrochemical cells |
| US3723264A (en) * | 1969-04-28 | 1973-03-27 | Pullman Inc | Electrochemical oxidation of olefinic compounds |
| US3694281A (en) * | 1969-04-28 | 1972-09-26 | Pullman Inc | Process for forming a diaphragm for use in an electrolytic cell |
| US3853721A (en) * | 1971-09-09 | 1974-12-10 | Ppg Industries Inc | Process for electrolysing brine |
| US3853720A (en) * | 1972-10-24 | 1974-12-10 | Ppg Industries Inc | Electrolysis of brine using permeable membranes comprising fluorocarbon copolymers |
| ZA74315B (en) * | 1973-01-17 | 1975-03-26 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | Dimensionally stable asbestos diaphragms |
| BE800949A (fr) * | 1973-06-15 | 1973-10-01 | Solvay | Diaphragme pour une cellule d'electrolyse |
| US3928166A (en) * | 1974-03-01 | 1975-12-23 | Diamond Shamrock Corp | Dimensionally adjustable anode-dimensionally stable diaphragm combination for electrolytic cells |
| US3940916A (en) * | 1974-06-27 | 1976-03-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Knitted or woven ion exchange fabric containing low denier filaments |
-
1975
- 1975-02-10 US US05/548,684 patent/US4210515A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-01-29 CA CA244,710A patent/CA1079223A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-03 IT IT47930/76A patent/IT1053808B/it active
- 1976-02-07 JP JP51011864A patent/JPS51104483A/ja active Pending
- 1976-02-09 DE DE19762604975 patent/DE2604975A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-02-09 FR FR7603450A patent/FR2300144A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-02-09 GB GB4887/76A patent/GB1533428A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-02-10 NL NL7601341A patent/NL7601341A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7601341A (nl) | 1976-08-12 |
| FR2300144A1 (fr) | 1976-09-03 |
| GB1533428A (en) | 1978-11-22 |
| JPS51104483A (en) | 1976-09-16 |
| FR2300144B1 (enExample) | 1980-07-25 |
| DE2604975A1 (de) | 1976-08-19 |
| IT1053808B (it) | 1981-10-10 |
| US4210515A (en) | 1980-07-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |