CA1077853A - Horse shoes - Google Patents
Horse shoesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1077853A CA1077853A CA274,051A CA274051A CA1077853A CA 1077853 A CA1077853 A CA 1077853A CA 274051 A CA274051 A CA 274051A CA 1077853 A CA1077853 A CA 1077853A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shoe
- strip
- hoof
- horse
- strap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01L—SHOEING OF ANIMALS
- A01L3/00—Horseshoes fastened by means other than nails, with or without additional fastening by nailing
- A01L3/02—Horseshoes consisting of one part
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01L—SHOEING OF ANIMALS
- A01L5/00—Horseshoes made of elastic materials
Abstract
HORSE SHOES.
ABSTRACT
A method of and apparatus for shoeing horses using a plastics material horse shoe. A flexible L-shaped strip, preferably preformed from plastics to fit a hoof, is adhered to the front and side walls of the hoof as well as to the peripheral region of the sole. Then the plastics shoe is adhered to the under-side of the strip. The provision of a separate strip allows a satisfactory indirect bond of the shoe to the hoof by using anaerobic, fast-setting adhesives. The strip should be relatively resilient, whereas the shoe should be relatively hard and rigid.
ABSTRACT
A method of and apparatus for shoeing horses using a plastics material horse shoe. A flexible L-shaped strip, preferably preformed from plastics to fit a hoof, is adhered to the front and side walls of the hoof as well as to the peripheral region of the sole. Then the plastics shoe is adhered to the under-side of the strip. The provision of a separate strip allows a satisfactory indirect bond of the shoe to the hoof by using anaerobic, fast-setting adhesives. The strip should be relatively resilient, whereas the shoe should be relatively hard and rigid.
Description
'778S3 i` ' This invention relates to horse shoe~, and in particular to methods of and apparatus for attaching horse shoes to horses' hooves.
For several hundreds of years farriers have practised the skill of shoeing horses with no substantial cha~ges i~
the techniques employed. ~he usual procedure of shoei~g the horse is to trim the keratinous portion of the hoof to the required length, and then an iron shoe is forged to match ` the trimmed hoof. Once cool, the shoe i8 attached to the trimmed hoof by means of nails hammered through holes in the shoe into the hoof so that the nails project through the hoof wall part way from the bottom thereof~ ~he projecti~
nails are then cut off and cleated over as necessary.
The process described above is obviously in general most satisfactory, for it has been practised for a ver~ lon~
~:
tim~. It does however have disadva~tages which can lead to lameness in a horse. For example, if when shoeing a nail penetrates the sensitive part of a foot or if a horse casts off a shoe, leaving some nails projecting from the bottom of the hoof and on which the horse subseque~tly ~` steps, acute problems can be caused. Furthermore, a horse with brittle horn material ~ometime~ cannot be ~hod b~cause ~ 2 --:.
.
~:37'78S3 the nails would split the material, and similarly a horse with slow-growing horn material can also be difficult to shoe because the old nail-holes lead -to splits. A further ` disadvantage is that the process described is a skilled art which cannot properly be practised by those not previously trained as farriers.
It is a principle object of this invention to provide a method of and apparatus for shoeing a horse which overcome at least some of the above disadvantages of conventional horse-shoeing techniques. A further object is to provide a method of shoeing horses which is simple to - use and may be practised by persons not possessing special skills.
Another ob~ect of the invention is to provide a -~ 15 method of attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a - horse's hoof in such a manner as to give a reliable and ;~ secure bond of the shoe to the hoof. Yet another object is to provide a shoeing technique which will allow a horse to be used extensively on hard or metalled surfaces without suffering from concussion of the foot.
... .
Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of this invention.
~7~
:
In accordance wi-th these objects, this invention pro-vides a method of attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a horse's hoof, which method comprises the steps of initially ad-hering a pre-formed strip of flexible material having an L-shaped cross-section to both the wall and the peripheral region of the sole of the hoof around the front and sides thereof, and then adhering a pre-formed plastics material horse shoe to at least the face of the pre formed strip opposed to the sole of the hoof.
More specifically, in accordance with the invention, the method comprises the steps of initially adhering a pre-formed strip of a relatively resilient and flexible plastics material having an L-shaped cross-section to both the wall and the peripheral region of the sole of the hoof around the front and sides thereof, and then bonding a shoe proper pre-formed from a relatively hard plastics material to at least the greater part of the face of the pre-formed strip parallel but opposed to the sole of the hoof.
By the term "plastics material", as used herein, is - 20 meant both synthetic and natural polymers and monomers, such as rubber or cellulosic formulations and synthetic resins.
Clearly, in view of the large stresses imparted to a horse's shoe when in use, the adhesives employed for adhering the strip both to the horse's hoof and to the shoe must careful-ly be selected so as to offer very high shear and peel strengths.
Also, the adhesive should display good flexural and impact pro-perties, and good gap-filling properties are desirable. Tests have shown that anaerobic .~
~778~ii3 adhesives, such as cyanoacrylate adhesives, or acrylic adhesives, with an ami~e initiator and possibly an accelerator are useful. It is of course important that the adhesive sets relatively quickly, for otherwise the bond may be disturbed before setting is completed. To assist detection of setting, the adhesive may incorporate a dye which changes colour as the glue sets. This can then also be used to detect if a pre-prepared quantity of the glue has 'set-off', so that it should not be used for adhering the s-trip to a hoof or shoe, and to indicate fresh adhesive should be used.
The setting of the adhesive may be accelerated further b~
using hot air draughts or heated blocks of material. The strip employed in this invention must be flexible so that it can be adapted to fit any particular horse hoof - for the exact shape of a hoof varies quite considerably from horse to horse, even for hooves of substantially the same SiZ8. It is advantageous however for the strip to be pre-formed 80 as to be generally in the shape of a horse's hoof (when considered i~ plan), so that any flexing necessary to make it fit a particular hoof is relatively minor. Any flexing required can be taken up by providing regions of reduced wall thickness in the part of the strip which is adhered to the wall of the hoof. Instead, cut-out portions or slits may be provided in the strip to accommodate excessive flexing.
The attachment of the pre-formed s-trip to the hoof may be improved by means of a strup connected to or formed ; - -: 1~77~353 integrally with the strip, which strap is passed around the bulbs of the heel of the hoof. By providing two enlarged portions, possibly concavely pre-shaped, in the strap in which portions the two bulbs of the heel are located, slippage of the strap can be resisted. Preferably the strap is under tension when fitted over the bulbs of the heel, either by stretchin~ elastically the strap, or by means of a strap length adJuster incorporated therein.
It is found that horses shod in the conventional manner with metal shoes can suffer damage to their feet if they travel extensively on hard or metalled surfaces, on account of the impact forces every -time the foot touches the surface. In an attempt to alleviate the possibility of damage, it is preferred that the generally ~-shaped strip used in this invention has resilient properties as well as being flexible. A preferred material for the strip is a polyurethane elastomer, advantageously of Shore 'A' hardness of from 82 to 88, though other plastics materials and o-ther resiliences (or hardnesses) could be used.
~he shoe itself must be relatively hard and durable, but also capable of being adhered sufficiently firmly to the strip. The preferred plastics material is polyurethane elastomer~ but of a greater hardness than the strip; typically, a Shore 'A' hardness of from 95 to 99 is suitable. The shoe is preferably preformed to the required shape and size -.
,'' 1~377~3~3 . .
and so it is envisaged that the shoes will be moulded in a range of shapes and sizes. However, the shoe may easily be trimmed once adhered to the strip to complete the shoeing.
To assist the location and attachment of the shoe to the flexible strlp, it is prcferred for the shoe -to be located on the strip by means of at least one projection provided on one of the strip and the shoe and engaged with -- a recess on the other of the strip and the shoe. The pro~e~tion and corresponding recess advantageously are provided on the toe portion of the strip and shoeO
To locate the rear part of the shoe and to resist sideways movement thereof, it is preferred for there to be a bar extending between the tips of the shoe~ which bar is provided with a pair of upstanding pegs locatable one in each gap of a hoof~ to both sides of the frog. By maki~g the bar substantially rigid, the two tips of the horse shoe are tied together and only by peeling both tips from the strip can the shoe be removed. Also, the pegs engaged in the V-shaped recesses (or gaps) of the hoof to each side of the frog restrain sideways movement of the bar, and thus of the shoe tips. The pegs preferably are tapered, so as to correspond generally in shape -to the gaps. The strip may be provided with a pair of flaps~ one on each free end thereof and extending towards the other, which flaps also fit into said gap, urged therein by -the action of the pegs on the bar o~ the shoe.
:' 77~3~3 Ano~her possibility, which may ~e used in conjunction wikh a bar and pegs, is for the free end tips of the shoe to be attached mechanically to the strip to resist peeling of the shoe from the strip. For instance, inter engaging lugs and channels may be provided on the strip and shoe.
mis invention also extends to apparatus or attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a horse's hoof, comprising a strip of flexible material having a generally L-shaped cross-section and pre-formed to fit against both the wall and peri-., pheral region of the sole of a hoof around the front and sidesthereof and a pre-formed plastics material horse shoe adapted for adherin~ to the pre-formed strip when the latter has been adhered to a horse's hoo~.
' ~he flexible strip preferably is provided with a strap which is arranged to pass around the bulbs of the heel of the horse~s hoof when the strip is fitted to the wall and peripheral region of the sole of the hoof. m e strap advantageously has two broadened portions pre-shaped to present concave faces to the bulbs of the heel, whereby slippage of the strap may be re-sisted by the bul'bs. me strap can be formed separately, but ' conveniently is formed integrally with the flexible strip.
Also, the strap may be elastic or may be provided with a length 'adjuster, so that the strap can be passed over the bulbs of the hoof under tension.
More specifically, in accordance with the invention, the apparatus comprises a strip of relatively resilient and .
flexible plastics material having an L-shaped cross-section and ; pre-formed to fit against bokh the wall and peripheral region of the sole of a hoof around the front and ~ides thereof, and a horse shoe pre-formed from a relatively hard plastics ma-terial to be 'bonded to the pre-formed strip when the latte~r has been . j,~, ': adhered to a horse's hoof.
'`' -8-: ~ ~77~53 Preferred embodiments of this invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a side view of a horse's hoof f'itted with a horse shoe in accordance with -the method of this invention, parts of the equipment being shown in section;
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the arrangement shown in Figure 1, and taken on line II-II on that figure;
Figure 3 is a plan view of a second form of horse shoe and strap f'or use in performing the method of this invention;
Figure 4 is a sec-tional view on line IV-IV on Figure ~;
Figure 5 is a plan view of a third form of horse shoe for use in the method of this invention;
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a second form of strip and shoe for use in performing this invention; and Figure 7 is a sketch showing the strip and shoe of Figure 6 fitted to the horse's hoof.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown in outline the structure of a horse's foot, which comprises a keratinous material shell constituting the wall of' the hoof'. ~he hoof 10 includes~ in the region of the toe, a front wall ll which merges with a side wall 12 extending round to the heel l~. Between the 5ide walls 11 at the heel is the frog, and the peripheral region of the sole is known as the horn. The nails are driven in-to the horn when fastening conventional metal shoes to the hoof _ 9 _ .
.
~L~77~353 80 that the nails proaect out of the front and side walls of the hoof, to be trimmed and then cleated over.
Figure 1 shows partly in section a plastics material horse shoe 14 attached indirectly to the hoof 10 in accordance with the method of this inventio~l by utilising a pre-formed, generally L-shaped strip 15 adhered both to the front and side walls of the hoof and to the peripheral region of the sole of the hoof, the shoe then being adhered to the strip 15. ~he generally L-shaped strip 15 is pre-formed to have the general shape of a horse's hoof, and is made of a flexible material so that it may be deformed locally to fit closely to a particular hoof.
The selection of the materials for ma~ing the strip 15 and the shoe 14 is important in order to obtain the required performance. The shoe 14 must be relatively hard and resistant to abrasion, but must also be ame~able to attachment to the strip 15 by ~lueing. ~he strip 15 must be flexible so as to allow it to be fitted closely to the hoof 10~ and . must allow glueing thereof both to the shoe 14 and to the
For several hundreds of years farriers have practised the skill of shoeing horses with no substantial cha~ges i~
the techniques employed. ~he usual procedure of shoei~g the horse is to trim the keratinous portion of the hoof to the required length, and then an iron shoe is forged to match ` the trimmed hoof. Once cool, the shoe i8 attached to the trimmed hoof by means of nails hammered through holes in the shoe into the hoof so that the nails project through the hoof wall part way from the bottom thereof~ ~he projecti~
nails are then cut off and cleated over as necessary.
The process described above is obviously in general most satisfactory, for it has been practised for a ver~ lon~
~:
tim~. It does however have disadva~tages which can lead to lameness in a horse. For example, if when shoeing a nail penetrates the sensitive part of a foot or if a horse casts off a shoe, leaving some nails projecting from the bottom of the hoof and on which the horse subseque~tly ~` steps, acute problems can be caused. Furthermore, a horse with brittle horn material ~ometime~ cannot be ~hod b~cause ~ 2 --:.
.
~:37'78S3 the nails would split the material, and similarly a horse with slow-growing horn material can also be difficult to shoe because the old nail-holes lead -to splits. A further ` disadvantage is that the process described is a skilled art which cannot properly be practised by those not previously trained as farriers.
It is a principle object of this invention to provide a method of and apparatus for shoeing a horse which overcome at least some of the above disadvantages of conventional horse-shoeing techniques. A further object is to provide a method of shoeing horses which is simple to - use and may be practised by persons not possessing special skills.
Another ob~ect of the invention is to provide a -~ 15 method of attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a - horse's hoof in such a manner as to give a reliable and ;~ secure bond of the shoe to the hoof. Yet another object is to provide a shoeing technique which will allow a horse to be used extensively on hard or metalled surfaces without suffering from concussion of the foot.
... .
Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of this invention.
~7~
:
In accordance wi-th these objects, this invention pro-vides a method of attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a horse's hoof, which method comprises the steps of initially ad-hering a pre-formed strip of flexible material having an L-shaped cross-section to both the wall and the peripheral region of the sole of the hoof around the front and sides thereof, and then adhering a pre-formed plastics material horse shoe to at least the face of the pre formed strip opposed to the sole of the hoof.
More specifically, in accordance with the invention, the method comprises the steps of initially adhering a pre-formed strip of a relatively resilient and flexible plastics material having an L-shaped cross-section to both the wall and the peripheral region of the sole of the hoof around the front and sides thereof, and then bonding a shoe proper pre-formed from a relatively hard plastics material to at least the greater part of the face of the pre-formed strip parallel but opposed to the sole of the hoof.
By the term "plastics material", as used herein, is - 20 meant both synthetic and natural polymers and monomers, such as rubber or cellulosic formulations and synthetic resins.
Clearly, in view of the large stresses imparted to a horse's shoe when in use, the adhesives employed for adhering the strip both to the horse's hoof and to the shoe must careful-ly be selected so as to offer very high shear and peel strengths.
Also, the adhesive should display good flexural and impact pro-perties, and good gap-filling properties are desirable. Tests have shown that anaerobic .~
~778~ii3 adhesives, such as cyanoacrylate adhesives, or acrylic adhesives, with an ami~e initiator and possibly an accelerator are useful. It is of course important that the adhesive sets relatively quickly, for otherwise the bond may be disturbed before setting is completed. To assist detection of setting, the adhesive may incorporate a dye which changes colour as the glue sets. This can then also be used to detect if a pre-prepared quantity of the glue has 'set-off', so that it should not be used for adhering the s-trip to a hoof or shoe, and to indicate fresh adhesive should be used.
The setting of the adhesive may be accelerated further b~
using hot air draughts or heated blocks of material. The strip employed in this invention must be flexible so that it can be adapted to fit any particular horse hoof - for the exact shape of a hoof varies quite considerably from horse to horse, even for hooves of substantially the same SiZ8. It is advantageous however for the strip to be pre-formed 80 as to be generally in the shape of a horse's hoof (when considered i~ plan), so that any flexing necessary to make it fit a particular hoof is relatively minor. Any flexing required can be taken up by providing regions of reduced wall thickness in the part of the strip which is adhered to the wall of the hoof. Instead, cut-out portions or slits may be provided in the strip to accommodate excessive flexing.
The attachment of the pre-formed s-trip to the hoof may be improved by means of a strup connected to or formed ; - -: 1~77~353 integrally with the strip, which strap is passed around the bulbs of the heel of the hoof. By providing two enlarged portions, possibly concavely pre-shaped, in the strap in which portions the two bulbs of the heel are located, slippage of the strap can be resisted. Preferably the strap is under tension when fitted over the bulbs of the heel, either by stretchin~ elastically the strap, or by means of a strap length adJuster incorporated therein.
It is found that horses shod in the conventional manner with metal shoes can suffer damage to their feet if they travel extensively on hard or metalled surfaces, on account of the impact forces every -time the foot touches the surface. In an attempt to alleviate the possibility of damage, it is preferred that the generally ~-shaped strip used in this invention has resilient properties as well as being flexible. A preferred material for the strip is a polyurethane elastomer, advantageously of Shore 'A' hardness of from 82 to 88, though other plastics materials and o-ther resiliences (or hardnesses) could be used.
~he shoe itself must be relatively hard and durable, but also capable of being adhered sufficiently firmly to the strip. The preferred plastics material is polyurethane elastomer~ but of a greater hardness than the strip; typically, a Shore 'A' hardness of from 95 to 99 is suitable. The shoe is preferably preformed to the required shape and size -.
,'' 1~377~3~3 . .
and so it is envisaged that the shoes will be moulded in a range of shapes and sizes. However, the shoe may easily be trimmed once adhered to the strip to complete the shoeing.
To assist the location and attachment of the shoe to the flexible strlp, it is prcferred for the shoe -to be located on the strip by means of at least one projection provided on one of the strip and the shoe and engaged with -- a recess on the other of the strip and the shoe. The pro~e~tion and corresponding recess advantageously are provided on the toe portion of the strip and shoeO
To locate the rear part of the shoe and to resist sideways movement thereof, it is preferred for there to be a bar extending between the tips of the shoe~ which bar is provided with a pair of upstanding pegs locatable one in each gap of a hoof~ to both sides of the frog. By maki~g the bar substantially rigid, the two tips of the horse shoe are tied together and only by peeling both tips from the strip can the shoe be removed. Also, the pegs engaged in the V-shaped recesses (or gaps) of the hoof to each side of the frog restrain sideways movement of the bar, and thus of the shoe tips. The pegs preferably are tapered, so as to correspond generally in shape -to the gaps. The strip may be provided with a pair of flaps~ one on each free end thereof and extending towards the other, which flaps also fit into said gap, urged therein by -the action of the pegs on the bar o~ the shoe.
:' 77~3~3 Ano~her possibility, which may ~e used in conjunction wikh a bar and pegs, is for the free end tips of the shoe to be attached mechanically to the strip to resist peeling of the shoe from the strip. For instance, inter engaging lugs and channels may be provided on the strip and shoe.
mis invention also extends to apparatus or attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a horse's hoof, comprising a strip of flexible material having a generally L-shaped cross-section and pre-formed to fit against both the wall and peri-., pheral region of the sole of a hoof around the front and sidesthereof and a pre-formed plastics material horse shoe adapted for adherin~ to the pre-formed strip when the latter has been adhered to a horse's hoo~.
' ~he flexible strip preferably is provided with a strap which is arranged to pass around the bulbs of the heel of the horse~s hoof when the strip is fitted to the wall and peripheral region of the sole of the hoof. m e strap advantageously has two broadened portions pre-shaped to present concave faces to the bulbs of the heel, whereby slippage of the strap may be re-sisted by the bul'bs. me strap can be formed separately, but ' conveniently is formed integrally with the flexible strip.
Also, the strap may be elastic or may be provided with a length 'adjuster, so that the strap can be passed over the bulbs of the hoof under tension.
More specifically, in accordance with the invention, the apparatus comprises a strip of relatively resilient and .
flexible plastics material having an L-shaped cross-section and ; pre-formed to fit against bokh the wall and peripheral region of the sole of a hoof around the front and ~ides thereof, and a horse shoe pre-formed from a relatively hard plastics ma-terial to be 'bonded to the pre-formed strip when the latte~r has been . j,~, ': adhered to a horse's hoof.
'`' -8-: ~ ~77~53 Preferred embodiments of this invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a side view of a horse's hoof f'itted with a horse shoe in accordance with -the method of this invention, parts of the equipment being shown in section;
Figure 2 is a sectional view of the arrangement shown in Figure 1, and taken on line II-II on that figure;
Figure 3 is a plan view of a second form of horse shoe and strap f'or use in performing the method of this invention;
Figure 4 is a sec-tional view on line IV-IV on Figure ~;
Figure 5 is a plan view of a third form of horse shoe for use in the method of this invention;
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a second form of strip and shoe for use in performing this invention; and Figure 7 is a sketch showing the strip and shoe of Figure 6 fitted to the horse's hoof.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown in outline the structure of a horse's foot, which comprises a keratinous material shell constituting the wall of' the hoof'. ~he hoof 10 includes~ in the region of the toe, a front wall ll which merges with a side wall 12 extending round to the heel l~. Between the 5ide walls 11 at the heel is the frog, and the peripheral region of the sole is known as the horn. The nails are driven in-to the horn when fastening conventional metal shoes to the hoof _ 9 _ .
.
~L~77~353 80 that the nails proaect out of the front and side walls of the hoof, to be trimmed and then cleated over.
Figure 1 shows partly in section a plastics material horse shoe 14 attached indirectly to the hoof 10 in accordance with the method of this inventio~l by utilising a pre-formed, generally L-shaped strip 15 adhered both to the front and side walls of the hoof and to the peripheral region of the sole of the hoof, the shoe then being adhered to the strip 15. ~he generally L-shaped strip 15 is pre-formed to have the general shape of a horse's hoof, and is made of a flexible material so that it may be deformed locally to fit closely to a particular hoof.
The selection of the materials for ma~ing the strip 15 and the shoe 14 is important in order to obtain the required performance. The shoe 14 must be relatively hard and resistant to abrasion, but must also be ame~able to attachment to the strip 15 by ~lueing. ~he strip 15 must be flexible so as to allow it to be fitted closely to the hoof 10~ and . must allow glueing thereof both to the shoe 14 and to the
2~ keratinous material of the hoof~ It is also advantageous for the strip 15 to display at least slightly resilient properties, so as to allow a measure of shock absorption.
; This reduces the impact forces transferred to a horse'~ hoo~
when travelling on hard roads, and also helps to reduce the ~orces imparted to the glues used to hold the strip 15 to the hoof~
Taking the above into account 9 it has been established ` - 10 -:
377~353 :.
that different grades Oe pol~urethane elastorner are suitable for both the shoe and the strip. Using this material, a Shore 'A' hardness of substantially 97 has been found appropriate for the shoe and a Shore 'A' hardness of substantially 85 for the strip.
!
Many types of adhesive could be used, but the required properties inclu~e high shear, peel, flexural and impact strength, and preferably a good gap-filling property.
Furthermore, because weight must be kept off the hoof whilst the adhesive is setting, it is important that the adhesive sets rapidly. Of course, the adhesive must be compatible with the materials selected for the shoe and the strip, as well as with the keratinous material of the hoof. Preferred types of adhesive include anaerobic glues such as -the cyanoacryla-te family, and acrylic grlues with an amine initiator and possibly an accelerator to ensure rapid setting.
~ The wall thickness of the leg of the strip 15 which lies i against the side walls of the hoof tapers so as to reduce the likelihood of the strip being accidentally torn off.
~he strip 15 is provided with regions 16 of reduced wall thickness, so as to allow local deformation of the strip without causing buckling of the ma-terial away from the hoof wall.
Instead of said regions 16, slits extending from the top edge of the strip may be provided, or cut-out portions in the side wall of the strip.
- When using adhesives which set rapidly, it is important that the shoe 14 is properly loca-ted on the c;trip 15 as the - shoe is presented thereto, because movement of the shof3 may :
- 11 ~
., :` . .
.. ...
~L~7~1~S3 not be possible after a few seconds. To locate -the shoe, the strip at the front thereof (i.e. by the toe) has a recess 177 there being a corresponding projection 18 in the toe of the shoe to fit in the recess 17.
~ocation of the rear of th~ shoe is effected by a pair of pegs 19 upstanding from a bar 20 extending between the rear tips 21 of the shoe, the pegs fitting within the gaps present in a horse's hoof to each side of -the frog.
The bar 20 serves firmly to tie the two tips 21 together and sideways movement of the tips is prevented by the engagemert of the pegs l9 with said gaps. ~he pegs may be bifurcated, to allow them to deform to fit closely within the gaps.
The front and back hooves of horses are in general of two distinct shapes, though of cours~ there is a considerable variation in size. It is envisaged therefore that the shoes 14 and strips 15 will be made in two distinct styles ~ one for front hooves and one for back hooves. Each style will be made in several sizes, to enable an appropriate ~-trip i and shoe to be selected for any particular hoof of a very wide range of horses. ~he strip can be deformed locally, as described above, in order to fit closely against the wall ard peripheral region of a hoof, and though the shoe cannot easily be deformed - on account of its greater hardness it can nevertheless be trimmed before or after being adhered to the strip. By providing a relatively resilient strip 15, strain thereon, when fittlng it to the hoof, is avoided and a good foundation for a rs]atively hard shoe l~
is provided.
:.-' .
~L~77~353 To change a shoe fitted in accordance with the invention, the old shoe and part of the strip is removed with a sharp knife or by using the usual tools for trimming the keratinous material of a hoof. After cutting back the wall of the hoof in the usual way because of the growth thereof, the remaining part of the strip adhered to the side wall can be removed with a rasp. ~his also has the effect of helping to clean the slde wall to allow good adhesion thereto, but chemical cleaners may be used as well. Next, the selected strip has a coating of adhesive applied to its ; inwardly-directed faces, and -the strip is pressed on to the front and sides of the hoof wall, as well as to the peripheral region of the sole. Finally, the selected shoe is coated with adhesive on its upper face, and then pressed on to the strip, care being taken to locate the projection 18 in the recess 17, whilst the pegs 19 will locate the rear of the shoe by their engagement in the gaps in the hoof. Once the adhesive has set, the horse may place weight on the fitted shoe.
Figures 3 and 4 show an alternative arrangement; in which no pegs 19 are employed and instead the rear tips 22 ~` of the shoe 23 are attached mechanically to the strip 24~
As can be seen, the tips 22 are of reduced thickness, and fit within channels 25 provided on the s-trip. ~his arrangement is especially resistant to -the shoe 23 being peeled from the , . -~ 3 - - --. 1~77~53 strip 24. ~he bar 26 of the shoe i5 also shaped to protect the frog of the hoof, but in other respects this arrangement~ and the method of using it, is similar to that described above with reference to Figures l and 2.
Figure 5 shows another form of shoe, for use wi-th the strips 24 of Figures 3 and 4. In this shoe, the bar is absent, but ins-tead the shoe 28 is braced by elements 29.
This shoe offers considerable protection to the sole of a hoof and is valuable if there are defects such as softness in the keratinous material of the sole.
Figures 6 and 7 show another embodiment of strip 30 for attaching a plastics material shoe, such as that shown in Figure 2, to a hoof. The strip 30 is in general similar to that shown in Figure 1, but includes a strap 31 formed integrally therewith and extending from the two sides 32 thereof; the strap is provided with two portions 33 of enlarged width, intermediate its ends. The rear tips 34 of the strip are provided with flaps 35 extending towards each ; other, pre-formed in shape, as shown.
In use, the strip 30 is coated with adhesive as with the strip 15 described above, and is then pressed on to the hoof. ~he strap 31 is stretched to pass around the heel of the hoof~ the enlarged portions 33 being positioned over the bulbs of the heel. The strap, if so positioned under tension, forms itself around -the bulbs of the heel, to :, ~L~77~53 prevent slippage of the strap. The tension also assists the adhesive in holding the strip ~0 in place on the hoof.
The enlarged portions 33 of the strap may be arranged to protect the bulbs of the front hooves against damage from the back hooves. To this end, the enlarged portions 33 ma~
be of considerably greater extent than is shown in Figure 6, or even may be provided with extra padding or cushioning.
When the shoe 14 is fitted, as described above, the flaps 35 are pressed by the pegs 19 into the gaps in the hoof, and thus the flaps serve to anchor the tips 34 of the strip. This assists the action of the adhesive in holding the strip in position.
.
~ - 15 -:.
.'.'' .
. . ,
; This reduces the impact forces transferred to a horse'~ hoo~
when travelling on hard roads, and also helps to reduce the ~orces imparted to the glues used to hold the strip 15 to the hoof~
Taking the above into account 9 it has been established ` - 10 -:
377~353 :.
that different grades Oe pol~urethane elastorner are suitable for both the shoe and the strip. Using this material, a Shore 'A' hardness of substantially 97 has been found appropriate for the shoe and a Shore 'A' hardness of substantially 85 for the strip.
!
Many types of adhesive could be used, but the required properties inclu~e high shear, peel, flexural and impact strength, and preferably a good gap-filling property.
Furthermore, because weight must be kept off the hoof whilst the adhesive is setting, it is important that the adhesive sets rapidly. Of course, the adhesive must be compatible with the materials selected for the shoe and the strip, as well as with the keratinous material of the hoof. Preferred types of adhesive include anaerobic glues such as -the cyanoacryla-te family, and acrylic grlues with an amine initiator and possibly an accelerator to ensure rapid setting.
~ The wall thickness of the leg of the strip 15 which lies i against the side walls of the hoof tapers so as to reduce the likelihood of the strip being accidentally torn off.
~he strip 15 is provided with regions 16 of reduced wall thickness, so as to allow local deformation of the strip without causing buckling of the ma-terial away from the hoof wall.
Instead of said regions 16, slits extending from the top edge of the strip may be provided, or cut-out portions in the side wall of the strip.
- When using adhesives which set rapidly, it is important that the shoe 14 is properly loca-ted on the c;trip 15 as the - shoe is presented thereto, because movement of the shof3 may :
- 11 ~
., :` . .
.. ...
~L~7~1~S3 not be possible after a few seconds. To locate -the shoe, the strip at the front thereof (i.e. by the toe) has a recess 177 there being a corresponding projection 18 in the toe of the shoe to fit in the recess 17.
~ocation of the rear of th~ shoe is effected by a pair of pegs 19 upstanding from a bar 20 extending between the rear tips 21 of the shoe, the pegs fitting within the gaps present in a horse's hoof to each side of -the frog.
The bar 20 serves firmly to tie the two tips 21 together and sideways movement of the tips is prevented by the engagemert of the pegs l9 with said gaps. ~he pegs may be bifurcated, to allow them to deform to fit closely within the gaps.
The front and back hooves of horses are in general of two distinct shapes, though of cours~ there is a considerable variation in size. It is envisaged therefore that the shoes 14 and strips 15 will be made in two distinct styles ~ one for front hooves and one for back hooves. Each style will be made in several sizes, to enable an appropriate ~-trip i and shoe to be selected for any particular hoof of a very wide range of horses. ~he strip can be deformed locally, as described above, in order to fit closely against the wall ard peripheral region of a hoof, and though the shoe cannot easily be deformed - on account of its greater hardness it can nevertheless be trimmed before or after being adhered to the strip. By providing a relatively resilient strip 15, strain thereon, when fittlng it to the hoof, is avoided and a good foundation for a rs]atively hard shoe l~
is provided.
:.-' .
~L~77~353 To change a shoe fitted in accordance with the invention, the old shoe and part of the strip is removed with a sharp knife or by using the usual tools for trimming the keratinous material of a hoof. After cutting back the wall of the hoof in the usual way because of the growth thereof, the remaining part of the strip adhered to the side wall can be removed with a rasp. ~his also has the effect of helping to clean the slde wall to allow good adhesion thereto, but chemical cleaners may be used as well. Next, the selected strip has a coating of adhesive applied to its ; inwardly-directed faces, and -the strip is pressed on to the front and sides of the hoof wall, as well as to the peripheral region of the sole. Finally, the selected shoe is coated with adhesive on its upper face, and then pressed on to the strip, care being taken to locate the projection 18 in the recess 17, whilst the pegs 19 will locate the rear of the shoe by their engagement in the gaps in the hoof. Once the adhesive has set, the horse may place weight on the fitted shoe.
Figures 3 and 4 show an alternative arrangement; in which no pegs 19 are employed and instead the rear tips 22 ~` of the shoe 23 are attached mechanically to the strip 24~
As can be seen, the tips 22 are of reduced thickness, and fit within channels 25 provided on the s-trip. ~his arrangement is especially resistant to -the shoe 23 being peeled from the , . -~ 3 - - --. 1~77~53 strip 24. ~he bar 26 of the shoe i5 also shaped to protect the frog of the hoof, but in other respects this arrangement~ and the method of using it, is similar to that described above with reference to Figures l and 2.
Figure 5 shows another form of shoe, for use wi-th the strips 24 of Figures 3 and 4. In this shoe, the bar is absent, but ins-tead the shoe 28 is braced by elements 29.
This shoe offers considerable protection to the sole of a hoof and is valuable if there are defects such as softness in the keratinous material of the sole.
Figures 6 and 7 show another embodiment of strip 30 for attaching a plastics material shoe, such as that shown in Figure 2, to a hoof. The strip 30 is in general similar to that shown in Figure 1, but includes a strap 31 formed integrally therewith and extending from the two sides 32 thereof; the strap is provided with two portions 33 of enlarged width, intermediate its ends. The rear tips 34 of the strip are provided with flaps 35 extending towards each ; other, pre-formed in shape, as shown.
In use, the strip 30 is coated with adhesive as with the strip 15 described above, and is then pressed on to the hoof. ~he strap 31 is stretched to pass around the heel of the hoof~ the enlarged portions 33 being positioned over the bulbs of the heel. The strap, if so positioned under tension, forms itself around -the bulbs of the heel, to :, ~L~77~53 prevent slippage of the strap. The tension also assists the adhesive in holding the strip ~0 in place on the hoof.
The enlarged portions 33 of the strap may be arranged to protect the bulbs of the front hooves against damage from the back hooves. To this end, the enlarged portions 33 ma~
be of considerably greater extent than is shown in Figure 6, or even may be provided with extra padding or cushioning.
When the shoe 14 is fitted, as described above, the flaps 35 are pressed by the pegs 19 into the gaps in the hoof, and thus the flaps serve to anchor the tips 34 of the strip. This assists the action of the adhesive in holding the strip in position.
.
~ - 15 -:.
.'.'' .
. . ,
Claims (15)
1. In a method of attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a horse's hoof, the steps of initially adhering a pre-formed strip of a relatively resilient and flexible plastics material having an L-shaped cross-section to both the wall and the peripheral region of the sole of the hoof around the front and sides thereof, and then bonding a shoe proper pre-formed from a relatively hard plastics material to at least the greater part of the face of the pre-formed strip parallel but opposed to the sole of the hoof.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the pre-formed strip of flexible material is additionally secured to the hoof by means of a strap connected with the pre-formed strip, which strap is passed around the bulbs of the heel of the hoof.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, in which the strap is pre-formed with two enlarged portions in which the bulbs of the heel are located to prevent slippage of the strap.
4. A method as claimed in claim 2, in which the strap is stretched elastically to fit over the bulbs of the heel.
5. A method as claimed in claim 2, in which the strap is pre-formed integrally with the pre-formed strip of flexible material.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the shoe is located on the strip by means of at least one projection pro-vided on one of the strip and the shoe and engaged with a recess on the other of the strip and the shoe.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, in which the pro-jection and corresponding recess are provided on the toe por-tion of the strip and shoe.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which a bar is provided between the rear tips of the shoe and a pair of up-standing pegs are provided on the bar, which pegs are located in the gaps of a hoof to each side of the frog thereof as the shoe is adhered to the strip.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the free ends of the shoe are mechanically attached to the strip.
10. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the strip of flexible material is pre-formed from a relatively resilient grade of polyurethane elastomer and the shoe is pre-formed from a relatively hard grade of polyurethane elastomer.
11. Apparatus for attaching a plastics material horse shoe to a horse's hoof, comprising a strip of relatively resi-lient and flexible plastics material having an L-shaped cross-section and pre-formed to fit against both the wall and peri-pheral region of the sole of a hoof around the front and sides thereof, and a horse shoe pre-formed from a relatively hard plastics material to be bonded to the pre-formed strip when the latter has been adhered to a horse's hoof.
12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, in which the strip of flexible material is provided with a strap pre-formed to pass around the bulb of the heel of a hoof.
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, in which the strap is resilient.
14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11, in which a bar is provided between the rear tips of the shoe and a pair of pegs upstand from the bar, which pegs are locatable in the gaps of a hoof to each side of the frog.
15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, in which a bar is provided between the rear tips of the shoe and a pair of pegs upstand from the bar, which pegs are locatable in the gaps of a hoof to each side of the frog.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1042876A GB1517113A (en) | 1976-03-16 | 1976-03-16 | Horse shoes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1077853A true CA1077853A (en) | 1980-05-20 |
Family
ID=9967642
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA274,051A Expired CA1077853A (en) | 1976-03-16 | 1977-03-15 | Horse shoes |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU512992B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE852516A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7701571A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1077853A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH624829A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2711341A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK150674C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2344223A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1517113A (en) |
| HK (1) | HK54880A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE44723B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1072813B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU76950A1 (en) |
| MY (1) | MY8100213A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7702766A (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE7905778L (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1981-02-19 | Igal Tovim | HORSES OF PLASTIC |
| FR2517175B1 (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1985-09-13 | Voland Frederic | FOOTWEAR FOR EQUIDES |
| GB2142516B (en) * | 1983-06-03 | 1986-08-20 | Paul Charles Edmunds | Animal foot protector |
| DE3721856C1 (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1988-06-30 | Sergej Igrow | All-plastic shoe for horses and method as well as device for its manufacture |
| DE3806364A1 (en) * | 1988-02-27 | 1989-08-31 | Igrow Sergej | All-plastic shoe for horses |
| DE3840223A1 (en) * | 1988-11-29 | 1990-05-31 | Rose Walter Gmbh & Co Kg | HOOF SHOE FOR HORSE HORSES AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING A HOOF SHOE FOR HORSES |
| FR2658991B1 (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1993-01-22 | Debard Marcel | HORSESHOE. |
| GB2351022B (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2003-12-03 | Peter Stuart Day | Equine hoof support system |
| DE29910272U1 (en) | 1999-06-15 | 1999-08-26 | Hermann Christian | Hoof boot |
| DE102009015630B4 (en) | 2009-04-02 | 2012-12-20 | Timo Schuster | Hufbelagbefestigung |
| GB2501916A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-13 | Newnham & Wright Ltd | Shoe for a hoof of a hoofed animal |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE657999A (en) * | ||||
| US889004A (en) * | 1906-03-10 | 1908-05-26 | Hans Fredrik Hansen | Envelop-opener. |
| GB189608A (en) * | 1921-10-17 | 1922-12-07 | Arthur Newall | Improvements in horseshoes |
| GB358446A (en) * | 1930-03-21 | 1931-10-05 | Imperator Hestesko As | Improvements in or relating to horse shoes |
| FR831088A (en) * | 1937-12-20 | 1938-08-22 | New hoof for horses, mules and more | |
| DE1191625B (en) * | 1964-01-07 | 1965-04-22 | Julius Neubauer | Plastic hoof covering |
| US3494422A (en) * | 1967-01-16 | 1970-02-10 | Frank M Clark | Plastic horse shoe and method of applying to hoof |
| CA850445A (en) * | 1967-11-02 | 1970-09-01 | M. Giles Kenneth | Rubber horseshoe |
| US3519079A (en) * | 1968-11-21 | 1970-07-07 | Philip Bieber | Horseshoe and method of making same |
| FR2076406A5 (en) * | 1970-01-14 | 1971-10-15 | Guicherd Michel | |
| DE2206495A1 (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1973-08-16 | Isabelle Chaigneu | HORSESHOOTING |
| FR2255847A1 (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1975-07-25 | Ensinozo Juan | Protective shoe for horse's hoof - is a split flanged ring locked together by bolts at the split |
-
1976
- 1976-03-16 GB GB1042876A patent/GB1517113A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-03-14 LU LU76950A patent/LU76950A1/xx unknown
- 1977-03-15 BR BR7701571A patent/BR7701571A/en unknown
- 1977-03-15 CA CA274,051A patent/CA1077853A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-15 DK DK111877A patent/DK150674C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-15 FR FR7707603A patent/FR2344223A1/en active Granted
- 1977-03-15 NL NL7702766A patent/NL7702766A/en active Search and Examination
- 1977-03-15 CH CH321877A patent/CH624829A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-15 AU AU23243/77A patent/AU512992B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-15 IT IT6757277A patent/IT1072813B/en active
- 1977-03-16 DE DE19772711341 patent/DE2711341A1/en active Granted
- 1977-03-16 IE IE57977A patent/IE44723B1/en unknown
- 1977-03-16 BE BE175824A patent/BE852516A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1980
- 1980-10-02 HK HK54880A patent/HK54880A/en unknown
-
1981
- 1981-12-30 MY MY213/81A patent/MY8100213A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE852516A (en) | 1977-09-16 |
| HK54880A (en) | 1980-10-10 |
| AU512992B2 (en) | 1980-11-06 |
| LU76950A1 (en) | 1977-09-26 |
| DK111877A (en) | 1977-09-17 |
| NL7702766A (en) | 1977-09-20 |
| DK150674B (en) | 1987-05-25 |
| DE2711341C2 (en) | 1987-09-03 |
| IE44723L (en) | 1977-09-16 |
| GB1517113A (en) | 1978-07-12 |
| FR2344223A1 (en) | 1977-10-14 |
| DE2711341A1 (en) | 1977-09-22 |
| CH624829A5 (en) | 1981-08-31 |
| MY8100213A (en) | 1981-12-31 |
| IT1072813B (en) | 1985-04-13 |
| AU2324377A (en) | 1978-09-21 |
| FR2344223B1 (en) | 1982-11-19 |
| IE44723B1 (en) | 1982-03-10 |
| DK150674C (en) | 1987-12-28 |
| BR7701571A (en) | 1978-01-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |