CA1071903A - Alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers - Google Patents
Alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibersInfo
- Publication number
- CA1071903A CA1071903A CA262,504A CA262504A CA1071903A CA 1071903 A CA1071903 A CA 1071903A CA 262504 A CA262504 A CA 262504A CA 1071903 A CA1071903 A CA 1071903A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- nozzle plate
- alloy
- gold
- platinum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
- C03B37/095—Use of materials therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
Abstract
AN ALLOY FOR A NOZZLE PLATE
FOR SPINNING GLASS FIBERS
Abstract of the Disclosure An alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers which consists essentially of between 82 and 92 percent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10 per cent by weight gold, and between 3 and 12 per cent by weight palladium, is disclosed. This alloy displays an excellent resistance to wetting by molten glass, a superior machinability, and a superior durability.
FOR SPINNING GLASS FIBERS
Abstract of the Disclosure An alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers which consists essentially of between 82 and 92 percent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10 per cent by weight gold, and between 3 and 12 per cent by weight palladium, is disclosed. This alloy displays an excellent resistance to wetting by molten glass, a superior machinability, and a superior durability.
Description
~07~9C~3 1 m e present invention relates to an alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers~ and particularly to an alloy by the use of which there can be manufactured a flat plate shaped bushing nozzle which is substantially free from wetting by molten glass and enabling formation of a very large number of nozzle holes per unit area.
Representative of conventional nozzle plates for producing glass fibers is a flat nozzle plate made of a platinum-rhodium alloy. This flat nozzle plate is manufactured by simply machining nozzle holes from about 1.5 to about 3 ~n. in diameter in a flat plate made of a platlnum-rhodium alloy. In this flat nozzle plate made of a platinum-rhodium alloy, the contact angle between the nozzle plate and the molten glass is small, namely, the nozzle plate is wetted heavily by the molten glass.
After the appearance of this flat nozzle plate, there was developed a nozzle plate made of a platinum-gold-rhodium alloy in which the contact angle between the nozzle plate and the molten glass is larger than that of the former nozzle plate, thus the nozzle plate is wetted by the molten glass to a lesser extent than in the former nozzle plate. However, in both of the two types of nozzle plates described above there is still encountered a problem. When a pitch for the nozzle holes is made narrower and lf one of the filaments flowing through the nozzle holes is cut, the molten glass bead formed by the molten glass which has passed through the nozzle hole tends to spread over a large area of the surface Or the nozzle plate, and thus cuts the other filaments rlowing through the nozzle holes ad~acent to ~ . . , ..
~7~9~3 1 the nozzle hole for said first cut filament. This adverse phenomenon spreads in the manner of a chain reaction, with the result that all the filaments are cut, and the surface of the nozzle plate is covered with molten glass which has passed through the nozzle holes. Once this situation has been established, it becomes very difficult to separate each filament from the combined bead of molten glass, that is~ to bring back the original state in which the filament of molten glass discharged from one nozzle hole flows 10 smoothly and separately without disturbing the molten -glass discharged from the other nozzle holes, whereby all o~' the ~:Ilaments of the molten glass dlscharged from each lndiv:Ldual nozzLe hole f'orm independently flowing flla-ments. Particularly, in cases where there is used a pitch f'or the nozzle holes of 5 mm. or less, even a skilled operator cannot maintain independent flows of filament by the use of conventional methods whereby each filament is succesively formed through respective nozzles. ~urther, the platlnum-gold-rhodium alloy is brittle, and is inferior both in durability and machlnability. ~`or lnstance, lt was found that a nozzle plate made of the alloy and havlng about 50 nozzle holes per square centimeter was bent outwardly and deformed after a long perlod of use. And a nozzle plate made of the above alloy 25 and having 1000 or more nozzle holes needed reinf'orcing ~ -ribs for preventing deformation. In this case there were problems when forming the relnforcing ribs by welding, small cracks occurred on account of thermal expansion, and these small internal cracks were furGher enlarged by mechanical shocks and/or by thermal expansion and ~C~7~3 1 contraction resultlng in leakage of the molten glass~
The reason for these drawbac:ks is that gold and rhodium show very low solid solubility wlth each other and the larger the amount of gold or rhodiLum, the more diffi-cult it is to form a single complete solid solution.
It has been pointed out that , in the platinum-gold-rhodium system, the resistance to wet-ting by the molten glass filament increases when the alloy contains gold in an amount between 3 and ll per cent by weight which is near the solid solubility limit ror gold consequently, it is considered to be the erfect Or gold which is very much less soluble in a pla~inum~rhodium base alloy in the solid state. In view o~ the situation described above, it has been generally accepted that it is rairly difficult to produce a single complete solid solution which a~fords both an excellent reslstance to wetting by molten glass and a superior machinability.
A nozzle plate made Or graphite or boron nitride 1s superior to the above described nozzle plates made of alloys in terms Or the resistance to wettin~ by the molten riber glass. However, a nozzle plate made of graphite cannot be used in air since the graphite is -liable to be oxidized. And with a nozzle plate made Or .
boron nitride it is di~ficult to atkaln a uni~orm temperature distribution because the boron nitride is an insulator. A nozzle plate made Or boron nitride also has a disadvantage that the contact angle between the nozzle plate and the molten glass is apt to vary depending upon the state o~ the surrace rinish of the nozzle plate.
An ob~ect Or the present lnvention ls t~D provide , ' ~ 3 -~L~7~
1 an alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers whlch has an excellent resistance to wettin~ by molten glass, a superior machinability and a ~superior durability.
Another ob~ect Or the present inventlon is to provide an alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers by the use of which there can be manufactured a nozzle plate in which a pitch for nozzle holes of 2 mm. or less can be used, and a large number o~ no~zle holes can be machined in the nozzle plate.
Still another ob;ect o~ the present invention is to provide an alloy for a nozzle plate ~or spinning glass ribers by the use of which there can be manufactured a nozzle plate to which reinrorcing plates can be welded readily, and which can be used for a long period of time.
In the course of research and development of the present invention, research was conducted to obtain a material for manufacturing nozzle plates, which is free from wetting by molten glass, or is hardly wetted by the molten glass, and also has a superior machlnability, and with the use o~ which there can be manuractured a nozzle plate having an increased number of nozzle holes.
It was made possible, in accordance with the present invention and by the use of a platinum-gold-palladium -system alloy, to manufacture a nozzle plate which is able to have several thousand nozzle holes having therein a pitch Or 2 mm. or less, and which can be used ror a long period of time due to the fact that reinforcing plates can be readily welded to the nozzle plate. In startin~ the research, consideration was given to the racts that gold-palladium system binary alloys f~rm L~, .:
. ~ .
.~ .
~79L~3 complete solid solu ions. It was also observed during the course of the research that, in a nozzle plate made of an alloy containing 80 per cent by weight gold and 20 per cent by weight palladium the contact angle between the alloy and the molten glass has a large value of 80 degrees, and that the nozzle plate made of the above binary alloy still tends to melt when used for spinning glass fibers, hecause the above alloy has a low melting point of about 1380C.
It was gathered through careful consideration that platinum-gold-palladium system alloys should form a solid solution more readily than platinum-gold-rhodium system alloys, and the contact angles between the alloy system and the molten glass might be substantially equal to the contact angles between the platlnum-gold-rhodium system alloys and molten glass, and further, that the alloy should have superior workability and durability.
As the result of the research, it was found that an alloy consisting essentially of between 82 and 9~ per cent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10 per cent by weight gold, and be~ween 3 and 12 per cent by weight palladium forms a single complete 20 solid solution, and has an excellent resistance to wett.ing by ~.
molten glass and a superior machinability, and a nozzle plate . .
made of the above alloy has a superior durability.
The present invention, in one aspect, resides in a single ~.
piece nozzle plate adapted for spinning glass fibers, said nozzle plate being made of an alloy consisting ess~ntially of .
between 82 and 92 percent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10%
by weight gold and between 3 and 12% by weight palladium, said alloy having excellent resistance to wetting by molten glass;
the plate having a predetermined number of nozzle holes at a . :
~0 predetermined pitch, and further being characterized by having a high orifice density per given unit area of said plate. .:
In another aspect the invention resides in a method . ~ ~5~
7~ 3 for making a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers comprising the steps of (a) preparing a flat nozzle plate blank made of a Pt-Au-Pd ternary alloy consisting essentially of between 82 and 92 percent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10 percent by weight gold, and between 3 and 12 percent by weight palladium and (b) forming a required number of nozzle holes at a predeter-mined pitch in the plate.
In the alloy employed in making the nozzle plate according to the present invention having the chemical composition described above, the resistance to wetting by molten glass increases with the increased content of gold. The rate of increase in the contact angle between the above alloy and the molten '~ ' ' -5a-~7~3 1 glass, however, becomes less with the lncrease in gold content, and gradually close to a fixed limit Yalue, while the melting point Or the alloy becomes gradually lowe~ thus the amount of the evaporation of gold during the high temperature operation increases disadvankageously.
If the alloy contains gold in an amount exceeding the aforesaid maximum limit, the machinability is degraded and such undesirable defects as cracking take place to make the nozzle plate unusable.
On the other hand, if the palladium content is increased, the machinability is improved and the resistance to wetting is decreased. The ratio Or the palladium content to the gold content has a great influence on the resistance to wetting and machinability.
When the gold content is large and the palladium content is small, the resistance to wetting is improved and the machinability is degraded. And when the palladium content is large and the gold content is small, machinability is improved and the resistance to wetting ls degraded.
me smaller is ths amount of platinum contained in the all~ , the lower is the melting point of the platinum alloy. However, m the present lnvention, no problem arises in the performance of the nozzle plate as long as the platinum content of the alloy remains within the specified range. Taking all of the above described racts into consideration, it can be said that, in platinum-gold-rhodium alloys, rhodium and gold are only soluble wlth di~ficulty in each other in the solid state 3 and even in platinum-gold system alloys, the solid .
~, ~7~3 1 solubility limit for gold is about 4 per cent, These facts lead to the conclusion that, in the case Or the above alloys, solid solution alloys are obtained only with difficulty. It can ~lso be said that, in the above alloys, the machinability is degraded because the crystal grains grow fast and become coarse readily.
By con~.rast, in the platinum-gold-palladium system alloy employed in the n~zzle plate of the present invention, both the platinum-palladium system and the gold-palladium system form continuous complete solid solutions, and the palladium plays a role of dissolving the platinum in the gold in the solid state and vice versa, with the result that complete solid solution type alloys are obtained with great ease and the machinabillty is enhanced.
Hereinafter the present invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments thereo~.
Embodiment l.
An alloy containing 90 per cent by weight platinum, 5 per cent by weight gold, and 5 per cent by weight palladium was melted under vacuum in an alumina crucible to produce an ingot. A nozzle plate was made by rolling the ingot weighing 12~0 g. into a nozzle plate blank of 2 mm. thick, and machining 4000 nozzle holes in the nozzle plate blank having a nozzle hole density of 34 nozzle holes per square centimeter.
No cracking occurred during the processing.
&lass fibers were spun with the use of this nozzle plate, and it was round that this nozzle plate can be used continuously ror a period o~ time of 3 months or more.
A publicly known alloy containing 85.5 per cent ~7~3 1 by weight platinum, 9.5 per cenk by weight rhodium, and 5 per cent by welght gold was melted ~mder vacuum in an alumina crucible to produce an ingot. A nozzle plate blank was manufactured by rolling the ingot weighing 1200 g. to a $hickness of 2 mm. However, small cracks were formed in the nozzle plate blank during the rolling operation, and thus it was impossible to use the nozzle plate blank until it was repaired.
or these cracks, the visible ones were repaired by welding all the sur~aces Or the nozzle plate. However, lnvlsible cracks deep ln the nozzle plate were propagated by the expansion and contraction Or the nozzle plate due to temperature changes during the operation, resulting in a leakage of the molten glass. It was thus impossible to prepare a practical nozzle plate having 800 or more nozzle holes~
Embodiment 2.
Three flat nozzle plates were manufactured Or three different alloys according to the present invention, which had three dirferent chemical compositlons, and measurements were taken o~ the contact angles between the above flat nozzle plates and molten glass at temperatures in the range from 1100C. The results are giYen in the table below in comparison with the contact angle between a nozzle plate made of the publicly known platinum-rhodium-gold system alloy and the above molten glass.
In the table, the specimen No. 4 is an alloy containing platinum in an amount below the range used in the present invention and gold in an amount exceeding the above range.
1~ :
.. . ..
~L~7~ 3 _ Alloy Composition (% by weight) Contact No. ; Pt Rh Pd Au Angle .:
_ , .
1 go _ 5 5 72 - 77
Representative of conventional nozzle plates for producing glass fibers is a flat nozzle plate made of a platinum-rhodium alloy. This flat nozzle plate is manufactured by simply machining nozzle holes from about 1.5 to about 3 ~n. in diameter in a flat plate made of a platlnum-rhodium alloy. In this flat nozzle plate made of a platinum-rhodium alloy, the contact angle between the nozzle plate and the molten glass is small, namely, the nozzle plate is wetted heavily by the molten glass.
After the appearance of this flat nozzle plate, there was developed a nozzle plate made of a platinum-gold-rhodium alloy in which the contact angle between the nozzle plate and the molten glass is larger than that of the former nozzle plate, thus the nozzle plate is wetted by the molten glass to a lesser extent than in the former nozzle plate. However, in both of the two types of nozzle plates described above there is still encountered a problem. When a pitch for the nozzle holes is made narrower and lf one of the filaments flowing through the nozzle holes is cut, the molten glass bead formed by the molten glass which has passed through the nozzle hole tends to spread over a large area of the surface Or the nozzle plate, and thus cuts the other filaments rlowing through the nozzle holes ad~acent to ~ . . , ..
~7~9~3 1 the nozzle hole for said first cut filament. This adverse phenomenon spreads in the manner of a chain reaction, with the result that all the filaments are cut, and the surface of the nozzle plate is covered with molten glass which has passed through the nozzle holes. Once this situation has been established, it becomes very difficult to separate each filament from the combined bead of molten glass, that is~ to bring back the original state in which the filament of molten glass discharged from one nozzle hole flows 10 smoothly and separately without disturbing the molten -glass discharged from the other nozzle holes, whereby all o~' the ~:Ilaments of the molten glass dlscharged from each lndiv:Ldual nozzLe hole f'orm independently flowing flla-ments. Particularly, in cases where there is used a pitch f'or the nozzle holes of 5 mm. or less, even a skilled operator cannot maintain independent flows of filament by the use of conventional methods whereby each filament is succesively formed through respective nozzles. ~urther, the platlnum-gold-rhodium alloy is brittle, and is inferior both in durability and machlnability. ~`or lnstance, lt was found that a nozzle plate made of the alloy and havlng about 50 nozzle holes per square centimeter was bent outwardly and deformed after a long perlod of use. And a nozzle plate made of the above alloy 25 and having 1000 or more nozzle holes needed reinf'orcing ~ -ribs for preventing deformation. In this case there were problems when forming the relnforcing ribs by welding, small cracks occurred on account of thermal expansion, and these small internal cracks were furGher enlarged by mechanical shocks and/or by thermal expansion and ~C~7~3 1 contraction resultlng in leakage of the molten glass~
The reason for these drawbac:ks is that gold and rhodium show very low solid solubility wlth each other and the larger the amount of gold or rhodiLum, the more diffi-cult it is to form a single complete solid solution.
It has been pointed out that , in the platinum-gold-rhodium system, the resistance to wet-ting by the molten glass filament increases when the alloy contains gold in an amount between 3 and ll per cent by weight which is near the solid solubility limit ror gold consequently, it is considered to be the erfect Or gold which is very much less soluble in a pla~inum~rhodium base alloy in the solid state. In view o~ the situation described above, it has been generally accepted that it is rairly difficult to produce a single complete solid solution which a~fords both an excellent reslstance to wetting by molten glass and a superior machinability.
A nozzle plate made Or graphite or boron nitride 1s superior to the above described nozzle plates made of alloys in terms Or the resistance to wettin~ by the molten riber glass. However, a nozzle plate made of graphite cannot be used in air since the graphite is -liable to be oxidized. And with a nozzle plate made Or .
boron nitride it is di~ficult to atkaln a uni~orm temperature distribution because the boron nitride is an insulator. A nozzle plate made Or boron nitride also has a disadvantage that the contact angle between the nozzle plate and the molten glass is apt to vary depending upon the state o~ the surrace rinish of the nozzle plate.
An ob~ect Or the present lnvention ls t~D provide , ' ~ 3 -~L~7~
1 an alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers whlch has an excellent resistance to wettin~ by molten glass, a superior machinability and a ~superior durability.
Another ob~ect Or the present inventlon is to provide an alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers by the use of which there can be manufactured a nozzle plate in which a pitch for nozzle holes of 2 mm. or less can be used, and a large number o~ no~zle holes can be machined in the nozzle plate.
Still another ob;ect o~ the present invention is to provide an alloy for a nozzle plate ~or spinning glass ribers by the use of which there can be manufactured a nozzle plate to which reinrorcing plates can be welded readily, and which can be used for a long period of time.
In the course of research and development of the present invention, research was conducted to obtain a material for manufacturing nozzle plates, which is free from wetting by molten glass, or is hardly wetted by the molten glass, and also has a superior machlnability, and with the use o~ which there can be manuractured a nozzle plate having an increased number of nozzle holes.
It was made possible, in accordance with the present invention and by the use of a platinum-gold-palladium -system alloy, to manufacture a nozzle plate which is able to have several thousand nozzle holes having therein a pitch Or 2 mm. or less, and which can be used ror a long period of time due to the fact that reinforcing plates can be readily welded to the nozzle plate. In startin~ the research, consideration was given to the racts that gold-palladium system binary alloys f~rm L~, .:
. ~ .
.~ .
~79L~3 complete solid solu ions. It was also observed during the course of the research that, in a nozzle plate made of an alloy containing 80 per cent by weight gold and 20 per cent by weight palladium the contact angle between the alloy and the molten glass has a large value of 80 degrees, and that the nozzle plate made of the above binary alloy still tends to melt when used for spinning glass fibers, hecause the above alloy has a low melting point of about 1380C.
It was gathered through careful consideration that platinum-gold-palladium system alloys should form a solid solution more readily than platinum-gold-rhodium system alloys, and the contact angles between the alloy system and the molten glass might be substantially equal to the contact angles between the platlnum-gold-rhodium system alloys and molten glass, and further, that the alloy should have superior workability and durability.
As the result of the research, it was found that an alloy consisting essentially of between 82 and 9~ per cent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10 per cent by weight gold, and be~ween 3 and 12 per cent by weight palladium forms a single complete 20 solid solution, and has an excellent resistance to wett.ing by ~.
molten glass and a superior machinability, and a nozzle plate . .
made of the above alloy has a superior durability.
The present invention, in one aspect, resides in a single ~.
piece nozzle plate adapted for spinning glass fibers, said nozzle plate being made of an alloy consisting ess~ntially of .
between 82 and 92 percent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10%
by weight gold and between 3 and 12% by weight palladium, said alloy having excellent resistance to wetting by molten glass;
the plate having a predetermined number of nozzle holes at a . :
~0 predetermined pitch, and further being characterized by having a high orifice density per given unit area of said plate. .:
In another aspect the invention resides in a method . ~ ~5~
7~ 3 for making a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers comprising the steps of (a) preparing a flat nozzle plate blank made of a Pt-Au-Pd ternary alloy consisting essentially of between 82 and 92 percent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10 percent by weight gold, and between 3 and 12 percent by weight palladium and (b) forming a required number of nozzle holes at a predeter-mined pitch in the plate.
In the alloy employed in making the nozzle plate according to the present invention having the chemical composition described above, the resistance to wetting by molten glass increases with the increased content of gold. The rate of increase in the contact angle between the above alloy and the molten '~ ' ' -5a-~7~3 1 glass, however, becomes less with the lncrease in gold content, and gradually close to a fixed limit Yalue, while the melting point Or the alloy becomes gradually lowe~ thus the amount of the evaporation of gold during the high temperature operation increases disadvankageously.
If the alloy contains gold in an amount exceeding the aforesaid maximum limit, the machinability is degraded and such undesirable defects as cracking take place to make the nozzle plate unusable.
On the other hand, if the palladium content is increased, the machinability is improved and the resistance to wetting is decreased. The ratio Or the palladium content to the gold content has a great influence on the resistance to wetting and machinability.
When the gold content is large and the palladium content is small, the resistance to wetting is improved and the machinability is degraded. And when the palladium content is large and the gold content is small, machinability is improved and the resistance to wetting ls degraded.
me smaller is ths amount of platinum contained in the all~ , the lower is the melting point of the platinum alloy. However, m the present lnvention, no problem arises in the performance of the nozzle plate as long as the platinum content of the alloy remains within the specified range. Taking all of the above described racts into consideration, it can be said that, in platinum-gold-rhodium alloys, rhodium and gold are only soluble wlth di~ficulty in each other in the solid state 3 and even in platinum-gold system alloys, the solid .
~, ~7~3 1 solubility limit for gold is about 4 per cent, These facts lead to the conclusion that, in the case Or the above alloys, solid solution alloys are obtained only with difficulty. It can ~lso be said that, in the above alloys, the machinability is degraded because the crystal grains grow fast and become coarse readily.
By con~.rast, in the platinum-gold-palladium system alloy employed in the n~zzle plate of the present invention, both the platinum-palladium system and the gold-palladium system form continuous complete solid solutions, and the palladium plays a role of dissolving the platinum in the gold in the solid state and vice versa, with the result that complete solid solution type alloys are obtained with great ease and the machinabillty is enhanced.
Hereinafter the present invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments thereo~.
Embodiment l.
An alloy containing 90 per cent by weight platinum, 5 per cent by weight gold, and 5 per cent by weight palladium was melted under vacuum in an alumina crucible to produce an ingot. A nozzle plate was made by rolling the ingot weighing 12~0 g. into a nozzle plate blank of 2 mm. thick, and machining 4000 nozzle holes in the nozzle plate blank having a nozzle hole density of 34 nozzle holes per square centimeter.
No cracking occurred during the processing.
&lass fibers were spun with the use of this nozzle plate, and it was round that this nozzle plate can be used continuously ror a period o~ time of 3 months or more.
A publicly known alloy containing 85.5 per cent ~7~3 1 by weight platinum, 9.5 per cenk by weight rhodium, and 5 per cent by welght gold was melted ~mder vacuum in an alumina crucible to produce an ingot. A nozzle plate blank was manufactured by rolling the ingot weighing 1200 g. to a $hickness of 2 mm. However, small cracks were formed in the nozzle plate blank during the rolling operation, and thus it was impossible to use the nozzle plate blank until it was repaired.
or these cracks, the visible ones were repaired by welding all the sur~aces Or the nozzle plate. However, lnvlsible cracks deep ln the nozzle plate were propagated by the expansion and contraction Or the nozzle plate due to temperature changes during the operation, resulting in a leakage of the molten glass. It was thus impossible to prepare a practical nozzle plate having 800 or more nozzle holes~
Embodiment 2.
Three flat nozzle plates were manufactured Or three different alloys according to the present invention, which had three dirferent chemical compositlons, and measurements were taken o~ the contact angles between the above flat nozzle plates and molten glass at temperatures in the range from 1100C. The results are giYen in the table below in comparison with the contact angle between a nozzle plate made of the publicly known platinum-rhodium-gold system alloy and the above molten glass.
In the table, the specimen No. 4 is an alloy containing platinum in an amount below the range used in the present invention and gold in an amount exceeding the above range.
1~ :
.. . ..
~L~7~ 3 _ Alloy Composition (% by weight) Contact No. ; Pt Rh Pd Au Angle .:
_ , .
1 go _ 5 5 72 - 77
2 85 _ 10 5 60 - 65
3 85 _ 6 ~ 73 - 78
4 80 _ 8 12 75 - 80 a5 5 9.5 _ 5 76 - 81 :
1 As can be seen from the table, the contact angles between :.
the nozzle plates made of the alloys of the present i.nventi.on and molten glass are substantia:l.ly equal to :
the contact angle between the nozzle plate rnade O r the
1 As can be seen from the table, the contact angles between :.
the nozzle plates made of the alloys of the present i.nventi.on and molten glass are substantia:l.ly equal to :
the contact angle between the nozzle plate rnade O r the
5 publicly known platinum-rhodium-gold alloy and the molten glass, while the nozzle plates made of the alloys of the present invention showed excellent machinability and superior nozzle plate performance, as was the case with Embodiment 1.
In this connection, it should be recalled that the contact angle between a nozzle plate made of an alloy contalning 80 per cent by weigh~ gold and 20 per cent by welght palladium and the molten glass is in the range from 81 to 86 degrees, and the contact angle between a 15 nozzle plate made of an alloy containing 60 per cent by weight gold and 40 per cent by weight palladium and the molten glass is in the range from 51 to 57 degrees.
~s has been described in detail in the foregoing, ~:
the alloy according to the present invention has an excellent resistance to wetting by the molten glass and an improved machinability, and due to these feat;ures ':
_ 9 _ .
~7~3 .
1 en~oys advantages that a nozzle plate can be manufactured very readily by the use of the alloy of the present invention because no small cracks are formed in the nozzle plate during the processing and an increased number of nozzle holes can be machined with ease in the nozzle plate, and that the nozzle plate made of the alloy of the present invention can be used for a longer period of use for spinning glass fibers.
,.
:
., :,.: :'-:
-- 10 _ , ''.
In this connection, it should be recalled that the contact angle between a nozzle plate made of an alloy contalning 80 per cent by weigh~ gold and 20 per cent by welght palladium and the molten glass is in the range from 81 to 86 degrees, and the contact angle between a 15 nozzle plate made of an alloy containing 60 per cent by weight gold and 40 per cent by weight palladium and the molten glass is in the range from 51 to 57 degrees.
~s has been described in detail in the foregoing, ~:
the alloy according to the present invention has an excellent resistance to wetting by the molten glass and an improved machinability, and due to these feat;ures ':
_ 9 _ .
~7~3 .
1 en~oys advantages that a nozzle plate can be manufactured very readily by the use of the alloy of the present invention because no small cracks are formed in the nozzle plate during the processing and an increased number of nozzle holes can be machined with ease in the nozzle plate, and that the nozzle plate made of the alloy of the present invention can be used for a longer period of use for spinning glass fibers.
,.
:
., :,.: :'-:
-- 10 _ , ''.
Claims (8)
- The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
l. A single piece integral nozzle plate adapted for spinning glass fibers, said nozzle plate being made of an alloy consisting essentially of between 82 and 92% by weight platinum, between 3 and 10% by weight gold and between 3 and 12% by weight palladium, said alloy having excellent resistance to wetting by molten glass; the plate having a predetermined number of nozzle holes at a predetermined pitch, and being further characterized by having a high orifice density per given unit area of said plate. - 2. A nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers according to claim l wherein the alloy consists essentially of 90% by weight of platinum, 5% by weight of gold and 5% by weight of palladium.
- 3. A nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers according to claim l wherein the alloy consists essentially of 85% by weight of platinum, 5% by weight of gold and 10% by weight of palladium.
- 4. A nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers according to claim l wherein the alloy consists essentially of 85% by weight of platinum, 9% by weight of gold and 6% by weight of palladium.
- 5. A method for making a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers comprising the steps of (a) preparing a flat nozzle plate blank made of Pt-Au-Pd ternary alloy consisting essentially of between 82 and 92 percent by weight platinum, between 3 and 10 percent by weight gold, and between 3 and 12 percent by weight palladium and (b) forming a required number of nozzle holes at a predetermined pitch in the plate.
- 6. The method of claim 5 wherein the alloy consists essentially of 90 percent by weight platinum, 5 percent by weight gold, and 5 per cent by weight palladium.
- 7. The method of claim 5 wherein the alloy consists essentially of 85 percent by weight platinum, 5 percent by weight gold, and 10 percent by weight palladium.
- 8. The method of claim 5 wherein the alloy consists essentially of 85 percent by weight platinum, 9 percent by weight gold, and 6 percent by weight palladium.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50123821A JPS5248516A (en) | 1975-10-16 | 1975-10-16 | Alloy composite for glass fiber sppining nozzle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1071903A true CA1071903A (en) | 1980-02-19 |
Family
ID=14870175
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA262,504A Expired CA1071903A (en) | 1975-10-16 | 1976-10-01 | Alloy for a nozzle plate for spinning glass fibers |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5248516A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE847318A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7606894A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1071903A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2644908C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2327969A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1537791A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN145881B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7610968A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7611415L (en) |
| TR (1) | TR19299A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA765787B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK173779A (en) * | 1978-05-08 | 1979-11-09 | Nitto Boseki Co Ltd | HOLE PLATES FOR A BUSHING FOR USE WHEN PULLING GLASS FIBERS |
| JPH0449881Y2 (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1992-11-25 | ||
| JPS645917A (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-01-10 | Toshiba Glass Kk | Production of glass |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1378996A (en) * | 1920-07-17 | 1921-05-24 | Baker & Co Inc | Alloy |
| US1515464A (en) * | 1920-12-14 | 1924-11-11 | Dentists Supply Co | Alloy |
| GB1242921A (en) * | 1969-01-27 | 1971-08-18 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to glass fibre production |
-
1975
- 1975-10-16 JP JP50123821A patent/JPS5248516A/en active Granted
-
1976
- 1976-09-27 IN IN1784/CAL/76A patent/IN145881B/en unknown
- 1976-09-27 ZA ZA765787A patent/ZA765787B/en unknown
- 1976-10-01 CA CA262,504A patent/CA1071903A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-10-04 GB GB41096/76A patent/GB1537791A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-10-04 NL NL7610968A patent/NL7610968A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-10-05 DE DE2644908A patent/DE2644908C3/en not_active Expired
- 1976-10-06 FR FR7630031A patent/FR2327969A1/en active Granted
- 1976-10-14 BR BR7606894A patent/BR7606894A/en unknown
- 1976-10-14 SE SE7611415A patent/SE7611415L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-10-15 TR TR19299A patent/TR19299A/en unknown
- 1976-10-15 BE BE171528A patent/BE847318A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5248516A (en) | 1977-04-18 |
| BR7606894A (en) | 1977-08-30 |
| BE847318A (en) | 1977-01-31 |
| AU1838076A (en) | 1978-02-16 |
| FR2327969A1 (en) | 1977-05-13 |
| IN145881B (en) | 1979-01-13 |
| ZA765787B (en) | 1977-09-28 |
| DE2644908B2 (en) | 1978-04-06 |
| DE2644908A1 (en) | 1977-05-12 |
| TR19299A (en) | 1978-11-01 |
| FR2327969B1 (en) | 1980-12-19 |
| JPS5335854B2 (en) | 1978-09-29 |
| GB1537791A (en) | 1979-01-04 |
| DE2644908C3 (en) | 1981-04-16 |
| NL7610968A (en) | 1977-04-19 |
| SE7611415L (en) | 1977-04-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |