CA1071485A - Heating stove - Google Patents
Heating stoveInfo
- Publication number
- CA1071485A CA1071485A CA323,689A CA323689A CA1071485A CA 1071485 A CA1071485 A CA 1071485A CA 323689 A CA323689 A CA 323689A CA 1071485 A CA1071485 A CA 1071485A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- stove
- smoke
- exhaust duct
- smoke flue
- fire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
- F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating
- F24B7/02—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating with external air ducts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A slow combustion stove is disclosed. The stove comprises a stove body adapted to receive fuel, such as wood, on the bottom to form a fire bed, an adjustable air intake for admitting air into the stove body, an exhaust duct, a smoke outlet located adjacent the top of the furnace body and communicating with the exhaust duct, a smoke flue located adjacent the bottom of the furnace body and also communicating with the exhaust duct, and damper means permitting exhaust of the combustion gases through the smoke outlet during starting of the fire and through the fire bed and the smoke flue when the fire is well lit to ensure maximum fuel and gas combustion.
A slow combustion stove is disclosed. The stove comprises a stove body adapted to receive fuel, such as wood, on the bottom to form a fire bed, an adjustable air intake for admitting air into the stove body, an exhaust duct, a smoke outlet located adjacent the top of the furnace body and communicating with the exhaust duct, a smoke flue located adjacent the bottom of the furnace body and also communicating with the exhaust duct, and damper means permitting exhaust of the combustion gases through the smoke outlet during starting of the fire and through the fire bed and the smoke flue when the fire is well lit to ensure maximum fuel and gas combustion.
Description
0~1~85 This invention relates to a hea-ting stove, more particularly, a slow combustion stove and using solid fuel such as wood or coal.
Heating wood stoves are, of course, well known. However, i-t has always been difficult to regulate -the amount of air fed to such stoves and so control fuel consumption. As it is well known, too little air prevents comple-te fuel combustion and thus leaves a lot of ashes in the stove. Incomplete combustion also produces carbon monoxide which is a toxic gas. On the other hand, too much air causes rapid combustion and a grea-t loss of heat is lost through the stove pipe and chimney. Slow combustion s-toves are also known, in which -the air fed can be maintained to the minimum required, however the combustion gases often fail to burn in the stove and potential useful heat is lost to the chimney.
It is -therefore the object of -the presen-t invention to provide a heating stove whose major characteristics reside in -the complete combustion of fuel leaving a minimum quantity of ashes and in a relatively slow combustion rate ensuring low temperature flue gases.
The heating stove, in accordance with the invention~
comprises a stove body adapted to receive fuel, such as wood 9 on the bot-tom to form a fire bed, an adjustable air intake for admit-ting air into the s-tove body, an exhaus-t duct having a -top opening for connection with a s-tove pipe, a smoke outle-t loca-ted adjacen-t the top of the furnace body and communicating with the exhaus-t duct, a smoke flue located adjacent -the bot-tom of the furnace body and also communicating with -the exhaust duc-t, and damper means permi-tting exhaust of the combustion gases through -the smoke ou-tlet during starting of the fire, and through the fire bed and -the smoke flue when the fire is well lit -to ensure maximum fuel and gas combus-tion.
The smoke flue preferably ex-tends along the bo-t-tom of &5 the stove body from the exhaust duct to the fire bed. The smoke ~ ;
flue is preferably of a smaller cross-section -than that of the top opening of the exhaust duct and is also preferably lined with refractory material.
The damper means may be a rocking damper which, in one extreme position, nearly closes the smoke flue and fully opens -the smoke outlet to the exhaust duct, and, in the other extreme position, fully closes the smoke outlet and fully opens the smoke flue -to the exhaust duct.
The heating stove may be provided with outer side panels located at a predetermined dis-tance from the furnace body and a grill bridging the side panels for permitting circula-tion of warm air upwardly along the walls of the furnace and through '.j the grill. The grill is preferably removable for placing a pot !`'j or kettle directly on the stove body when needed.
~ The invention will now be disclosed, by way of example, ` with reference to a preferred embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
` Figure l illustrates a perspec-tive view, partly in broken section, of a heating stove in accordance with -the invention;
Figure 2 illustrates a longitudinal section view through the stove shown in Figure l but showing -the damper control bar in ;` full elevation;
Figure 3 illus-trates a section view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2;
; Figure 4 is an eleva-tion of the inside face of the s-tove door;
and Figure 5 is a cross-section taken along line 5-5 of Figure ~.
Referring to -the drawings, there is shown a stove comprising a horizontal body lO having a bottom wall 12~ side walls ll~, a top wall :: , ,, .: :
: : .
4~
16 and front and rear end walls 18 and 20, respectively. The stove ~ -body is supported above ground by a pair of front legs 22 and by a single back swivel leg 24 which permits -to more efficiently stabilize ;~
the s-tove on an uneven floor. The front of the stove is provided wi-th a door 26 for loading fuel, such as wood. The door 26 has an inner asbestos sheet lining 27 retained by a metal plate 27a secured to door 26, and is closed by a rota-ting handle 28 provided with a catch 30 engaging the inside frame of the door to permit tight, practically air proof, closure of -the door on -the door frame. A
circular air intake opening 32 is made in door 26 and is adjustably closed by a closure 32a mounted on an adjustmen-t bol-t 34O An air deflector 26a is secured to plate 27a on -the inside face of door 26.
Deflector 26a is downwardly inwardl~ inclined -to deflect -the incoming air downwardly towards -the bot-tom wall 12. Preferably, the bottom edge 26b of deflector 26a is located in register wi-th the center of opening 32.
The back end wall 20 of the stove is provided with an upright gas exhaust duct 36 having a top opening 37 for connecting a stove pipe P.
Exhaus-t duc-t 36 communicates wi-th a smoke ou-tle-t 38 loca-ted adjacen-t the top of the stove body and with a smoke flue 40 located on -the bottom wall 12 of the s-tove body. Smoke flue 40 has an inlet 41 preferably located in the Eront half portion of the combus-tion chamber formed by body lO. I-t has an inner lining 40' of refractory material to resist the high combustion -temperature. The inside cross-section of smoke flue 40 is smaller -than that of top opening 37 and stove pipe P. Preferably, the free cross-sectional area of opening 37 is between 4 and 8 times larger than -tha-t oF smoke flue 40. A rocking darnper 42 is pivoted a-t 43 on the rear wall 20 of the stove and opera-ted by a control bar 44 ex-tending along the outside of body 10 and having no-tches 46 engaging -the wall o:F
an opening in the front end wall 18 oE -the s-tove body -to con-trol 10~14~
the position of the rocking damper wi-thin the exhaust duct. As it will be easily seen, pushing of the bar to its ex-treme position will permit complete closing of the smoke outlet 38, whereas pulling of the bar in the other direction will nearly completely close the smoke flue 40. Posi-tioning of the bar at intermediate positions will control the relative flows of top and bottom -exhaus-t gases.
The stove is provided with side panels 48 spaced from ; the side walls of the stove and with a top grill 50 bridging -the upper edges of the panels. This permits better heat exchange between hot body lO and room air upward flowing through the grill and also preven~s accidental burning of people and clothes , , .
on the hot walls of the stove body. The grill may be used as a plate warmer. It may also be removed for direct placing of a pot or ke-t-tle on the top wall 16 of the stove body if needed. -~
It is also preferable to have the side walls of the stove body inclined inwardly at the top so as to leave more space between the walls of the stove body and the side panels to accommodate air expansion as it heats while passing upwardly near -the hot side walls of the stove.
The above disclosed stove operates as follows:
When the fire is star-ted, the control bar 44 is pulled to the ex-treme position -to fully open the smoke outle-t 38 and practically close the bottom smoke flue 40. Thus, one takes advantage of the full draf-t capaci-ty of the chimney. The stove is loaded with paper and small pieces of wood to s-tart the fire.
The fire is lit, the air intake 32 opened substantially, and the door of the stove closed.
When the fire is well lit, -the s-tove is fully loaded with regular fire logs. ~hen the chimney is sufficien-tly hea-ted , . . .
: . . ~ ;.
10~ 8~
to obtain proper draft, -the con-trol bar 40 can then be pushed fully to close smoke outle-t 33 and to communicate -the smoke flue 40 with the exhaust duct. This will cause the combustion air and volatile gases to completely pass -through the fire bed before entering the bottom smoke flue; this maintains the fire bed at a high temperature and so ensure full combustion of the wood cinders.
This will also ensure full combustion of the volatile gases before they reach the exhaust duct 36 leaving only wa-ter vapors and C02 go up the stove pipe and the chimney. The small cross-sectional area of smoke flue 40 with respect to stove pipe P and the fact that the inlet 41 of flue 40 is situated in -the fire bed enables to produce high combustion air velocity within the fire bed resulting in high bed temperatUr~ while allowing a low mass flow of -the ho~ gases -through flue 40 and -the chimney. The latter can thus be maintained at -the minimum temperature required to produce the necessary draft. Minimum heat is lost through the chimney.
The temperature of the chimney, under normal conditions, should be maintained between 225F and 275F. Since this is highly dependent on the type of chimney (inside or outside, insulated or not insulated), the velocity of the wind and the degree of heating, the user will have to de-termine the optimum opening of the damper 42 depending on the prevailing conditions. A thermosta-t may be mounted on the chimney -to measure the tempera-ture of the chimney.
The degree of hea-ting of -the furnace is done in -the usual manner by controlling -the opening of the air in-take 32. If the stove seems to choke for a cer~tain opening of -the air in-take 32, the damper control bar is pulled -to sligh-tly open the upper smoke outlet and close the lower smoke flue.
Air deflec-tor 26a feeds combus-tion air more directly throughthe fire bed resulting in very slow burning of the logs piled up in the 10~
upper por-tion of -the combustion chamber. These legs gradually fall down as the bo-ttom layer of wood becomes totally consumed.
The stove is very efficien-t since it has been found that a load of wood logs may last ~ to 12 hours while heating a standard 6 room bungalow in average -10C weather.
Although the invention has been disclosed with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is to be understood -tha-t it is not ; limited to such embodiment and that other al-ternatives are also envisaged. For example, the shape of the s-tove body may vary.
The damper 42 in -the exhaust duct need not be a rocking damper.
As a matter of fact, two separate dampers could be used, one for the upper smoke outle-t and one for the lower smoke flue. Finally, the side panels could be eliminated although this heats the room air more efficiently, is a safety feature which is worthwhile, and, in addition, permits channelling of the warm air through the top grill for plate warming when needed.
Heating wood stoves are, of course, well known. However, i-t has always been difficult to regulate -the amount of air fed to such stoves and so control fuel consumption. As it is well known, too little air prevents comple-te fuel combustion and thus leaves a lot of ashes in the stove. Incomplete combustion also produces carbon monoxide which is a toxic gas. On the other hand, too much air causes rapid combustion and a grea-t loss of heat is lost through the stove pipe and chimney. Slow combustion s-toves are also known, in which -the air fed can be maintained to the minimum required, however the combustion gases often fail to burn in the stove and potential useful heat is lost to the chimney.
It is -therefore the object of -the presen-t invention to provide a heating stove whose major characteristics reside in -the complete combustion of fuel leaving a minimum quantity of ashes and in a relatively slow combustion rate ensuring low temperature flue gases.
The heating stove, in accordance with the invention~
comprises a stove body adapted to receive fuel, such as wood 9 on the bot-tom to form a fire bed, an adjustable air intake for admit-ting air into the s-tove body, an exhaus-t duct having a -top opening for connection with a s-tove pipe, a smoke outle-t loca-ted adjacen-t the top of the furnace body and communicating with the exhaus-t duct, a smoke flue located adjacent -the bot-tom of the furnace body and also communicating with -the exhaust duc-t, and damper means permi-tting exhaust of the combustion gases through -the smoke ou-tlet during starting of the fire, and through the fire bed and -the smoke flue when the fire is well lit -to ensure maximum fuel and gas combus-tion.
The smoke flue preferably ex-tends along the bo-t-tom of &5 the stove body from the exhaust duct to the fire bed. The smoke ~ ;
flue is preferably of a smaller cross-section -than that of the top opening of the exhaust duct and is also preferably lined with refractory material.
The damper means may be a rocking damper which, in one extreme position, nearly closes the smoke flue and fully opens -the smoke outlet to the exhaust duct, and, in the other extreme position, fully closes the smoke outlet and fully opens the smoke flue -to the exhaust duct.
The heating stove may be provided with outer side panels located at a predetermined dis-tance from the furnace body and a grill bridging the side panels for permitting circula-tion of warm air upwardly along the walls of the furnace and through '.j the grill. The grill is preferably removable for placing a pot !`'j or kettle directly on the stove body when needed.
~ The invention will now be disclosed, by way of example, ` with reference to a preferred embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
` Figure l illustrates a perspec-tive view, partly in broken section, of a heating stove in accordance with -the invention;
Figure 2 illustrates a longitudinal section view through the stove shown in Figure l but showing -the damper control bar in ;` full elevation;
Figure 3 illus-trates a section view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2;
; Figure 4 is an eleva-tion of the inside face of the s-tove door;
and Figure 5 is a cross-section taken along line 5-5 of Figure ~.
Referring to -the drawings, there is shown a stove comprising a horizontal body lO having a bottom wall 12~ side walls ll~, a top wall :: , ,, .: :
: : .
4~
16 and front and rear end walls 18 and 20, respectively. The stove ~ -body is supported above ground by a pair of front legs 22 and by a single back swivel leg 24 which permits -to more efficiently stabilize ;~
the s-tove on an uneven floor. The front of the stove is provided wi-th a door 26 for loading fuel, such as wood. The door 26 has an inner asbestos sheet lining 27 retained by a metal plate 27a secured to door 26, and is closed by a rota-ting handle 28 provided with a catch 30 engaging the inside frame of the door to permit tight, practically air proof, closure of -the door on -the door frame. A
circular air intake opening 32 is made in door 26 and is adjustably closed by a closure 32a mounted on an adjustmen-t bol-t 34O An air deflector 26a is secured to plate 27a on -the inside face of door 26.
Deflector 26a is downwardly inwardl~ inclined -to deflect -the incoming air downwardly towards -the bot-tom wall 12. Preferably, the bottom edge 26b of deflector 26a is located in register wi-th the center of opening 32.
The back end wall 20 of the stove is provided with an upright gas exhaust duct 36 having a top opening 37 for connecting a stove pipe P.
Exhaus-t duc-t 36 communicates wi-th a smoke ou-tle-t 38 loca-ted adjacen-t the top of the stove body and with a smoke flue 40 located on -the bottom wall 12 of the s-tove body. Smoke flue 40 has an inlet 41 preferably located in the Eront half portion of the combus-tion chamber formed by body lO. I-t has an inner lining 40' of refractory material to resist the high combustion -temperature. The inside cross-section of smoke flue 40 is smaller -than that of top opening 37 and stove pipe P. Preferably, the free cross-sectional area of opening 37 is between 4 and 8 times larger than -tha-t oF smoke flue 40. A rocking darnper 42 is pivoted a-t 43 on the rear wall 20 of the stove and opera-ted by a control bar 44 ex-tending along the outside of body 10 and having no-tches 46 engaging -the wall o:F
an opening in the front end wall 18 oE -the s-tove body -to con-trol 10~14~
the position of the rocking damper wi-thin the exhaust duct. As it will be easily seen, pushing of the bar to its ex-treme position will permit complete closing of the smoke outlet 38, whereas pulling of the bar in the other direction will nearly completely close the smoke flue 40. Posi-tioning of the bar at intermediate positions will control the relative flows of top and bottom -exhaus-t gases.
The stove is provided with side panels 48 spaced from ; the side walls of the stove and with a top grill 50 bridging -the upper edges of the panels. This permits better heat exchange between hot body lO and room air upward flowing through the grill and also preven~s accidental burning of people and clothes , , .
on the hot walls of the stove body. The grill may be used as a plate warmer. It may also be removed for direct placing of a pot or ke-t-tle on the top wall 16 of the stove body if needed. -~
It is also preferable to have the side walls of the stove body inclined inwardly at the top so as to leave more space between the walls of the stove body and the side panels to accommodate air expansion as it heats while passing upwardly near -the hot side walls of the stove.
The above disclosed stove operates as follows:
When the fire is star-ted, the control bar 44 is pulled to the ex-treme position -to fully open the smoke outle-t 38 and practically close the bottom smoke flue 40. Thus, one takes advantage of the full draf-t capaci-ty of the chimney. The stove is loaded with paper and small pieces of wood to s-tart the fire.
The fire is lit, the air intake 32 opened substantially, and the door of the stove closed.
When the fire is well lit, -the s-tove is fully loaded with regular fire logs. ~hen the chimney is sufficien-tly hea-ted , . . .
: . . ~ ;.
10~ 8~
to obtain proper draft, -the con-trol bar 40 can then be pushed fully to close smoke outle-t 33 and to communicate -the smoke flue 40 with the exhaust duct. This will cause the combustion air and volatile gases to completely pass -through the fire bed before entering the bottom smoke flue; this maintains the fire bed at a high temperature and so ensure full combustion of the wood cinders.
This will also ensure full combustion of the volatile gases before they reach the exhaust duct 36 leaving only wa-ter vapors and C02 go up the stove pipe and the chimney. The small cross-sectional area of smoke flue 40 with respect to stove pipe P and the fact that the inlet 41 of flue 40 is situated in -the fire bed enables to produce high combustion air velocity within the fire bed resulting in high bed temperatUr~ while allowing a low mass flow of -the ho~ gases -through flue 40 and -the chimney. The latter can thus be maintained at -the minimum temperature required to produce the necessary draft. Minimum heat is lost through the chimney.
The temperature of the chimney, under normal conditions, should be maintained between 225F and 275F. Since this is highly dependent on the type of chimney (inside or outside, insulated or not insulated), the velocity of the wind and the degree of heating, the user will have to de-termine the optimum opening of the damper 42 depending on the prevailing conditions. A thermosta-t may be mounted on the chimney -to measure the tempera-ture of the chimney.
The degree of hea-ting of -the furnace is done in -the usual manner by controlling -the opening of the air in-take 32. If the stove seems to choke for a cer~tain opening of -the air in-take 32, the damper control bar is pulled -to sligh-tly open the upper smoke outlet and close the lower smoke flue.
Air deflec-tor 26a feeds combus-tion air more directly throughthe fire bed resulting in very slow burning of the logs piled up in the 10~
upper por-tion of -the combustion chamber. These legs gradually fall down as the bo-ttom layer of wood becomes totally consumed.
The stove is very efficien-t since it has been found that a load of wood logs may last ~ to 12 hours while heating a standard 6 room bungalow in average -10C weather.
Although the invention has been disclosed with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is to be understood -tha-t it is not ; limited to such embodiment and that other al-ternatives are also envisaged. For example, the shape of the s-tove body may vary.
The damper 42 in -the exhaust duct need not be a rocking damper.
As a matter of fact, two separate dampers could be used, one for the upper smoke outle-t and one for the lower smoke flue. Finally, the side panels could be eliminated although this heats the room air more efficiently, is a safety feature which is worthwhile, and, in addition, permits channelling of the warm air through the top grill for plate warming when needed.
Claims (8)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED, ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A heating stove comprising:
a) 2 stove body adapted to receive fuel, such as wood, on the bottom to form a fire bed, said body having top, bottom, front and rear walls;
b) an adjustable air intake for admitting air into the stove body located in said front wall;
c) an exhaust duct having an opening for connection with a stove pipe and located exteriorly of said rear wall;
d) a smoke outlet located at said rear wall, adjacent the top of the stove body and communicating with the exhaust duct;
e) a smoke flue in the form of a tube extending within the stove body from said rear wall towards said front wall, located adjacent the bottom wall of the stove body and also communicating with the exhaust duct, said smoke flue having an inlet located adjacent the bottom wall and intermediate said front and rear walls, said inlet facing said front wall and freely opening within said stove body; and f) damper means permitting exhaust of the combustion gases through the smoke outlet during starting of the fire, and through the fire bed and the smoke flue when the fire is well lit to ensure maximum fuel and gas combustion.
a) 2 stove body adapted to receive fuel, such as wood, on the bottom to form a fire bed, said body having top, bottom, front and rear walls;
b) an adjustable air intake for admitting air into the stove body located in said front wall;
c) an exhaust duct having an opening for connection with a stove pipe and located exteriorly of said rear wall;
d) a smoke outlet located at said rear wall, adjacent the top of the stove body and communicating with the exhaust duct;
e) a smoke flue in the form of a tube extending within the stove body from said rear wall towards said front wall, located adjacent the bottom wall of the stove body and also communicating with the exhaust duct, said smoke flue having an inlet located adjacent the bottom wall and intermediate said front and rear walls, said inlet facing said front wall and freely opening within said stove body; and f) damper means permitting exhaust of the combustion gases through the smoke outlet during starting of the fire, and through the fire bed and the smoke flue when the fire is well lit to ensure maximum fuel and gas combustion.
2. A heating stove as defined in claim 1, wherein said damper means is a rocking damper which,in one extreme position, nearly closes said smoke flue and fully opens said smoke outlet to the exhaust duct, and, in its other extreme position, fully closes said smoke outlet and fully opens said smoke flue to the exhaust duct.
3. A heating stove as defined in claim 1, further comprising outer side panels located at a predetermined distance from said side walls of said stove body and a grill bridging the upper edges of the side panels for permitting circulation of warm air upwardly along said side walls of said stove body and through the grill.
4. A heating stove as defined in claim 3, wherein the grill is removable for placing a pot or kettle directly on the stove body when needed.
5. A heating stove as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the internal cross-section of said inlet of said smoke flue is smaller than that of said opening of said exhaust duct.
6. A heating stove as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the internal cross-sectional area of said opening of said exhaust duct is between 4 to 8 times larger than the internal cross-sectional area of said inlet of said smoke flue.
7. A heating stove as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said smoke flue has an inner refractory lining.
8. A heating stove as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said adjustable air intake has an air deflector for directing the incoming air towards the bottom wall of the furnace body and towards the inlet of said smoke flue.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA323,689A CA1071485A (en) | 1979-03-19 | 1979-03-19 | Heating stove |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA323,689A CA1071485A (en) | 1979-03-19 | 1979-03-19 | Heating stove |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1071485A true CA1071485A (en) | 1980-02-12 |
Family
ID=4113774
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA323,689A Expired CA1071485A (en) | 1979-03-19 | 1979-03-19 | Heating stove |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1071485A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4421094A (en) * | 1980-04-11 | 1983-12-20 | Crane Roscoe K | Parabolic shaped heater |
-
1979
- 1979-03-19 CA CA323,689A patent/CA1071485A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4421094A (en) * | 1980-04-11 | 1983-12-20 | Crane Roscoe K | Parabolic shaped heater |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |