CA1070718A - Method of preparing batch for manufacture of clay brick - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present invention provides a method of preparing a batch of clay for the manufacture of clay bricks, which com-prising mixing the clay with an aqueous solution of chloride wastes of non-ferrous metallurgy in the quantity of 5-20 per cent based on the weight of clay, the aqueous solution being prepared by dissolving said chloride wastes in water and adjust-ing the pH of the solution to 1-5 and the density of the solu-tion to 1.03-1.1 g/cc, depending on the mineralogical composi-tion of the clay.

Description

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rrhe presellt invcntion relat(s to thc manu:Factul.e of buildillg materi.als and Inol:e particulally relates -to a rnel;hod of preparing a batcil of clay for the manufactllre of clay bricks.
A me-thod oE preparing.a charge of clay for the manu-facture of bricks is known whlch comprises mixing clay wi.th various admixtures that reduce plasticity oE clays, such as sand, chamotte~ granulated slag, saw-dust, anthracite, coke and coals that burn out in the process of brick firing. Bento-nites and sulphite-alcohol liquor are used as pl.asticizing additives. The disadvantage of this method is that the pre-paration and utilization of numerous additives complicate the process of manufacture of bricks. Moreover, t.he batch prepared ~ .
by this method is not homogeneous and lacks the plasticity required for moulding.
The present invention removes thcse di.sadvantayes and simplifies the process of preparing a batch of clay for the manufacture of clay bricks and improves the properties of the batch.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a batch of clay for the manufacture of clay bricks, which comprises mixing the clay with an aqueous solution of chloride wastes of non-ferrous metallurgy in the quantity of 5-20 per cent based on the weight oE clay, the aqueous solution being prepared by dissolving said chloride wastes in water and adjusti.ng the pH of the solution to 1-5 and the density of the solution to 1.03-1.1 g/cc, depending on the mineralogical composition of the clay.

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In the method of the present invelltion for prep~ring a batch of clay -the fol~owing steps are usually taken.
Finely dispersed chloride wastes of non-ferrous metallurgy are dissolved in water to obtain a concen-trated - solution. The vapour given off is condcnsed ancl returned to the concentrated solution. The solution obtained is then diluted to adjust -thc pH to 1-5 and the density -to 1.1 g/cc and added to the clay in an amount of 5-20 per cent with respect to the weight of clay, depending on the mineralogical composition of the clay.
The chloride wastes are a finely dispersed material, with particles sizing 10-100 microns and having the following composition, in per cent by weight:
TiO2 6.0-16 A123 4.2-9.4 TeO 0.6-22.0 SiO2 4.64-10.5 Mc~O lo 24-4.6 Mn 0.3-2.8 Cr23 1.3-26 Nb25 0.02-0.4 Cu 0.3-1.0 Cao 0.4-0.6 ~25 0.6-0.5 Ta25 0.064-0.018 C 7.75--56.0 Cl 4.2-47.1 .. . .

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'l'}lC ~rcscnt invcnt :iOIl CllablCS wasl:cs of non-fc?rrous mctallurgy to be used ;n ~hc nlanu~acture oE clay bri,cks and solvcs the prob],em oE ~ltili~,aLion of industrial wastcs and environmcntal control. Utilization of chloride was-tes of non-ferrous me~allurgy makes it unnecessary -to use nurnerous addi-tives, and, the proccss'steps at which these additives are additional],y processed is obviated.
The chloride wastes give -the bat:ch tlle required plasticity and workability. Tllis in turn decreases -the load on the equipment. The load on the press is e.g., decreased by 30-40%.
The utilization of the chloride wastes, according to the invention, increases the compressive streng-th of bricks 1.2-1.5 times, as compared with conventional me-thods, and the bricks ob-tained from the batch prepared by the method can be used as walling material that undergoes high stresses, e.g.
in multi-storey buildings, chimneys, etc~
~he present invention will be further illustrated by way of the following Examples:
Example 1 Chloride wastes con-taining the following chemical constituents (in per cent by weight) '

4 --10707~8 '~i2 6.0 ~b25 0.02 :
A1203 4,2 ~u 0.3 TeO 006 CaO Oc4 2 4'~5 V25 ~ 0-06 ~gO 1024 ~a25 0~018 . .
0,~ . . C 7~75 Cr20~ 1.3 al 2~. .

are dissolved in water to prepare a concentrated solution9 .
The vapour that is evolved during the dissolutio~ pro- .
cess is conde~sed and retur~ed to the concentrated solution. ~' :
The pE o~ the concentrated solution is adjusted with ~ater to 1.5, and the donsit~ to 1.03 g/cc. r~he obtai~ed svlutio~ is delivered into a mixer în the quantit~ of 5 per ce~t of the ~eight of cla~
'l'he cla~ has the followi~g compositio~9 in per cent b~
-weight:

Si~2 67.18 A:L2~3 10.59 CaO 6-10 MgO 1"63 1~20 3 Fe2~i 3~4 ~i2 0-55 loss on i~nitiorL0 7.05 plasticity, 7.9 - sintering point, 1020C ~ .
~he obtained batch ha~ improved plastic and mouldirLg properties that e~sure ~fective preparatio~ o~ cla~ bricks ' _ 5 I ~J~ ~

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; - having the compression strength o~ 150 ~60 kg~/sq~cm, Ilexural strength of 29 - 31 k~:E/sq.cm~ ~7ater absorptive power 13 - 14 per cent, frost resis~anoe, 25 cycles.

~:xampl~ 2 Chloride wastes co~tainir~ the ~ollowirg constituent~ ,, i~ per cent by ~eight:
;:
~i2 10 Cr203 0.1 2 3 7.5 ~b205 0.8 ~eO 12 au 0.4 2 6 : CaO 0.5 MgO ~.2 V25 0.2 h~n 1.0 . ~a25 -3 C 20 Cl 25 are dissol~red in water to E~repare a conce~trated solution.
: . ~he vapour that rises in the dissolu~ion process is oondensed~
a~ld retu:rned irLto the solutio~. ~he co:ncentrated solutio~l is diluted with water to adjus~ the EiH to 3.0 an~l the densit~
to 1~06 g/cc. ~he obtained solution is then delivered to the mixer i~ the guantit~ OI 13 ~er cen~ of the weight o~
cla,;y~
~he c~ay has the ~ollowi~; chemical cQmpo~ition, in per ce:tlt by wei~ht: .
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SiO2 75-4 AL20~ 8003 ~e~o3 3,23 ~i2 ~5 Ca23 5~54 1!~0 1~19 I~20 1.~8 S~ 0.107 loss o~ ig~itio~, 7.~6 plasticit~t 5,6 s intering point, 980C .
~he resultant batch possèsses improved pla~ticity and mouldi~g properties, that ensure prep~ration v~ clay brick havi~g the comprPssive streng~h o~ 112 to 116 kgf'/sq.cm, flexural strength of ~2 ~o 24 kg~/sq.Gm~ and wa-ter absorpti~e power of 15 16%; the ~rost re~istance ,, 25 cycles .

Example 3 Chloride wastes" ha~ g the composition, in per cent by weight: .
~i2 16 Ca2 3 0 ,4 G 5~ -A1203 9-4 Nb~05 1.0 Cl 47,Q
~eO 22 Cu 0.4 2 10 .5 CaO 0 ,~ 6 MgO 40~ V25 005 M~ 2.3 ~a2o5 0.06 are dissolved irL~water to prepare a concentrated solution~, ~I!he vapour that rises during the dissolution process i~.
condensed and returned to the solution, The co~centrated solutio:~ is diluted with water to adjust the pH to 5,0 and _ 7 _ . i ., . ~.
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the densit~ to 1.1 g/ccO ~he obta~ne~ solutio~ is added to clay in A m~xer in the g~uantity of 20 per `cent~ calculati~g with referenc~ to tho weight o~ cla~.
~he analg~si~ Oæ bhe cl~ as ~ollows, ~:L per ce~t by wei~ht:

~i2 60~3~64ol~
2 3 8 o 7--11 ~ 5 Fe23 2,8-4.8 CaO . 6049-1~o25 MgO 1~0~ - 2007 . loss on }~nition, 7~96 - 12.36 per cen~ .
plasticity, 12.1 sintering poi~t, 1050a.

~ he resulta~t batch possesses lmproved plastic and moulding properties that ensure pxeparation of clay brick having the compressive stre~gth of 210 ~ 250 kgf/sq.cm~
~lexural strength o~ 3~ - 41 kg~/s~.cm.~ water a~sorbi~g po~er o~ 12 - 13 per cent7 and ~rost re~istance~ 35 cycles.

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Claims (2)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. A method of preparing a batch of clay for the manufacture of clay bricks, which comprises mixing the clay with an aqueous solution of chloride wastes of non-ferrous metallurgy in the quantity of 5-20 per cent based on the weight of clay, the aqueous solution being prepared by dissolving said chloride wastes in water and adjusting the pH of the solution to 1-5 and the density of the solution to 1.03-1.1 g/cc, depending on the mineralogical composition of the clay.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the chloride wastes have a particle size of about 10 to 100 microns.