CA1068622A - Sample line tube - Google Patents
Sample line tubeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1068622A CA1068622A CA273,190A CA273190A CA1068622A CA 1068622 A CA1068622 A CA 1068622A CA 273190 A CA273190 A CA 273190A CA 1068622 A CA1068622 A CA 1068622A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- insulation
- foam material
- composite tubing
- tubing member
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004620 low density foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004619 high density foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/58—Heating hoses; Heating collars
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
- F16L53/35—Ohmic-resistance heating
- F16L53/38—Ohmic-resistance heating using elongate electric heating elements, e.g. wires or ribbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A tubular line member, such as a sampling tube for conveying fluids, is provided with heating means and is covered by at least two layers of insulation each of which comprises a foam material, such as a polyurethane. In preferred embodiments, the layers of insulation are arranged in helically counter-wrapped relationship and each comprises a low density foam material and a reinforcing material, for example, a high density foam material. Such insulation may especially be formed, for example, by helically counter-wrapping two laminated tapes each of which consists of a width of low density foam material and a width of high density foam material.
A tubular line member, such as a sampling tube for conveying fluids, is provided with heating means and is covered by at least two layers of insulation each of which comprises a foam material, such as a polyurethane. In preferred embodiments, the layers of insulation are arranged in helically counter-wrapped relationship and each comprises a low density foam material and a reinforcing material, for example, a high density foam material. Such insulation may especially be formed, for example, by helically counter-wrapping two laminated tapes each of which consists of a width of low density foam material and a width of high density foam material.
Description
~0t~ 2~2 ir,vention relate~ to tubing, e~ ially tubing suitable for conv~ying fluid~, either liquid or ga~eotls, whil~t mainta$ning the t~peraturQ o~ the ~oll~eysd fluids sub~tantially constallt.
Such tubing i9, for exa~le, u~ed i~ the che~i~:al prcsce~sing and p~troleum r~fining indtl~tri~3 :for conveying sa~ple,Q o~ fluid3 from procees lir~e~ or reaction ~e~els to ~3a~pling ~n~tr~nt~s s~ch a~ chro~atrcgrap~e, ~pectrometera a~d pressure or ten~p~rature sen~or~. It i8 nace3~ary that the ~luid ~a~ples taken ~ould be Dai~tai~ed at a relative~ le~rated te ~ rature i~ order to keep th~ Q~ity of t~e ~luid a~ low as pos~ible a~d also, in the ~a~e of gase~, to e~s~re tha~ ~nden~atio~ doe~ ~ot occur. Typically such tub~ng c~mpriBes a relativ~ly ~le~ible tubular line m~ber made, for exa~ple, ~ro~ stainless ~teel, ~i~h i8 provided with electrical heati~g wirea which are dispo~ed in engage~ent with the tubular line ~ember, typically by laying t~e~ parallel or by ~rappi~ them helically about the line me~ber. Such a~ arraRgeme~t :~ can also be used ae pro~ect~on against freezi~g.
The a~sembly formed by th~ tubular li~e ~e~b~r a~d its a~ociated heatin~ ~lem~nt(q) is provided with i~sulation and a : pr~t~ive oo~ering, as d~scribed, for ~xample, in U.S. Patent ~o. 3,355,572. The composite t~bing me~ber thus produc~d ha~
: pro~ed oatisfactory in ~a~y applicatio~s, ~ut the i~ulation u~ed until ~ow has be~n e~tirely ~ati~ actory a~d, furtherm~re, ths heati~g sl~ents used have ~ot, i~ all ca~e~, been able to meet the require~ant~ of cartai~ spe~i~ic application~.
S~M~ARY OF THE I~V~IO~
The prese~t inve~tion provide~ a compoeite tubi~g membe~.
.: ccmprising
Such tubing i9, for exa~le, u~ed i~ the che~i~:al prcsce~sing and p~troleum r~fining indtl~tri~3 :for conveying sa~ple,Q o~ fluid3 from procees lir~e~ or reaction ~e~els to ~3a~pling ~n~tr~nt~s s~ch a~ chro~atrcgrap~e, ~pectrometera a~d pressure or ten~p~rature sen~or~. It i8 nace3~ary that the ~luid ~a~ples taken ~ould be Dai~tai~ed at a relative~ le~rated te ~ rature i~ order to keep th~ Q~ity of t~e ~luid a~ low as pos~ible a~d also, in the ~a~e of gase~, to e~s~re tha~ ~nden~atio~ doe~ ~ot occur. Typically such tub~ng c~mpriBes a relativ~ly ~le~ible tubular line m~ber made, for exa~ple, ~ro~ stainless ~teel, ~i~h i8 provided with electrical heati~g wirea which are dispo~ed in engage~ent with the tubular line ~ember, typically by laying t~e~ parallel or by ~rappi~ them helically about the line me~ber. Such a~ arraRgeme~t :~ can also be used ae pro~ect~on against freezi~g.
The a~sembly formed by th~ tubular li~e ~e~b~r a~d its a~ociated heatin~ ~lem~nt(q) is provided with i~sulation and a : pr~t~ive oo~ering, as d~scribed, for ~xample, in U.S. Patent ~o. 3,355,572. The composite t~bing me~ber thus produc~d ha~
: pro~ed oatisfactory in ~a~y applicatio~s, ~ut the i~ulation u~ed until ~ow has be~n e~tirely ~ati~ actory a~d, furtherm~re, ths heati~g sl~ents used have ~ot, i~ all ca~e~, been able to meet the require~ant~ of cartai~ spe~i~ic application~.
S~M~ARY OF THE I~V~IO~
The prese~t inve~tion provide~ a compoeite tubi~g membe~.
.: ccmprising
- 2 - .
.
-~ ~8~
.
(a) a tubular line mem~er, (b) heating means disposed externally of said line member and (c) insulation comprising at least two layers, each of which comprises foam material and, preferably, reinforcing material.
At lea~t two layers within the insulation are preferably in helically counter-wra~ed relationship, i.eO ~o that one layer iB wra~ped in a sense opposite to that of the other, the present inventîon ~ein~ based, _ter alia, on our ohservation that especially suitable insulation for sampling line tu~es can be obtained by helically counter-wrap~ing at least two layers of foam material. Such a helically counter-wrapped configuration ensures that the insulation rem~ins tight and free of lea~age paths.
In some cases it may not be necessary or desirable to provide separate reinforcing material. For example, certain insulation matexials, e.g. polypro~ylene foam, have sufficient ~tructural integrity to be used without additional reinforcemen~
However, each layer will preferably comprise both a low density foam material and reinforcing material so as to include both i~ thermally insulating and reinforcin~ materials and the arrangement ~ will be such as to prevent the thermally insulating low densi~y .
foam material from being crushed by over-wrapped reinforcing material. Thus the insulation prefera~ly comprises at least two layers each which is formed from a thermally insulating low density foam material and a reinforcing material, the ' .
~ - 3 - ~
6~62Z
. `
; arrangement of the foam and reinforcing materials in the layers and the arrangement o~ the layers heing such that each section of the insulation comprises both foam material and reinforcing material in over-wrapped relationship. Such an arrangement can readily be obtained by helically counter-wrapping the layers, especially i~ each layer contains the foam material and the reinforcing material in side-by side relationship. However, other arrangements may be used to take advantage of this aspect of the present invention.
10In one preferred form of ~he present invention the layers of the insulation are formed by helically wrapping a laminated tape comprising a width of low density foam material and a width of high density foam material. A further layer of laminated tape is then wrapped helically in the opposite direction about the article so ~ormed to produce a final tubular insulating member, the low ; density foam material supplying the necessary thermal insulation and the high density material providing the nec~ssary structural integrity.
Of course, each layer of such insulation could ~e formed by wrapping two separate tapes rather than a single laminated tape.
The foam material is typically a polyurethane although other materials, e.g. polyethylene,polypropylene or rubber, may b~
employed.
By "low density material" there is herein meant material having a density of not more than 41bs/cubic foot and by "high density material" there is herein meant material ha~ing a density of not less than 61b~/cubic foot. Prefera~ly the density of the , . . , - . - . . . . -: . ' ' ' ' : ' . . .
.. . . .
.
~0686Z2 . : ~
low density materi~l lies in the range of frcm 1 to 21bs/cubic foot and the density of the high density mater~al lies in the range of from 6 to 101bs/cubic foot.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention the reinforcing material compriaes plastics rope or tubing, for example, polypropylene or nylon rope which is helically wrapped together with the low density foam material. Thus in this embodiment each layer can be formed by first helically wrapping low density tape and then, in the same sense, helically wrapping the polypropylene rope. It may be advantageous, in other cases, to wrap the low density foam material and the xope simultaneously in side-by-side relationship.
It will be appreciated, that although two layers will in general be sufficient to meet the insulation raquirements, in some a~plications it may be a~propriate to use three or more layers, es~ecially where flexibility o the composite tubing member is relatively unimportant. In such cases, each adjacent pair of layers will preferably be in helically-counter-wra~ped relation-ship.
The insulation produced by wrap~ing the various layers may .. ~ , be finally~covered by an outer sheath of plas~ics material, e.g.
polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, and i~ will be appreciated that other materials may ~e included within the insulation of the line member for specific purposes, for example it may be appropriate to add a braid material, for example fibreglass braid or tape, to provide high temperature thermal insulation.
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68~;~Z
The heating means may comprise, for example, one or more electrical heating wires wrappea helically about the tubular line member and, ad~antageously, held in position by binder strands made fxom nylon fibre or tape material. Alternatively, one or more Or the heating wires may be arranged to run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubular line member. However, in the preferred forms of the presen-t invention the heating element comprises a self-regulatine heating strip which increases its electrical resistance as the temperature increases and which is preferably provided with its own mechanical protection. An especially suitable self heating strip which may be wrapped helically around the tubular line member or which may be run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the line member is that sold commercially under the name "Auto-Trace" by Chemelex Inc., a subsidiary of ` Raychem Corporation, and which is described, for example, in British Patents ~os. 1,449,261, 1,449~262 and 1,456,047.
Howe~er~ other heating means may be used in the present invention, including for example non-electrical heating means, e.g. a thin pipe through which steam or another heating fluid is passed.
The thickness of the low density foam material and the reinforcing material will vary according to the application but, in general, the thickness of the material used in each layer will lie in the range of from 1/8 inch to 3/8 inch gi~ing a total thickness of at least 1/4 inch.
, :,. , . ~ ';
" .~' ' ', ' ' :
.
- ~
~6l36Z2 It will be appreciated that the ins~lation u ed in ~he present inve~ti~n can ea~ily be applied to the line memker and it~ a~sociated heating means. ~ow~ver, i~ ~om~ cases, it ~ay be ad~antageou~ to fonm a prefabricated two-layer~d insulatio~
memker into which the line m2mber may be pu3~ed or drawn to ~Gnm th~ ~inal compo8ite arti~le.
Figure 1 ~hows a fir~t ~orm o composite tubular article : ~ a~cordance wit~ the pres~t inve~tion:
Figure 2 ~h~w~ a second for~ o~ ~ompo~ite tubular article in ac¢ordance with the present invanti~:
Figure 3 is a cro~s-oection ta~n along the line 3-3 o~ Fig~re 1: and Figure 4 3hows part of a haating el~me~t s~itable for U3~ i~ the pr~sent i~ventio~.
I~ Figur~ 1 ~here i8 illustrated a compo~ite ~a~pli~g line 1 c~mpr~ g a ~ubular li~e me~r 2 made, for exa~pl~, ~ra~ ~ain-les~ ~teel or a ~la~ticæ material su~h a pol~t~tra~l~or~ethyle~e or ~yl~n, provld~d with an electrical heating element 3 secured in po~itlo~ with relatio~ to the t~bular li~e member 2 by tape 4 ~o t~at it occupies a positi~n s~b~ta~tially parallel to the lo~sit~dinal axi3 0~ the tubular li~e ~e~ber 2 In accordance with the pre~e~t i~ention the a~s~mbl~ o~ the line m~mber 2 and th~ heating ele~nt 3 i~ in~lated by first wrappi~g a laminate~ tape 5 comp~ ng a ~idth 6 o~ lo~ dansity polyuretha~e ~oam and a ~acon~, ~ar~owe~, .. . .
.'"', . ~ _ 7 -. .. : . . . .. .. :.. , . ~
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.
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. . . .
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, .. .. ~. . .
width 7 of high density poly~lrethane foam, about the assembly and then wrapping a similar tape 8 over the wrapping 5 but in an oppos.ite sense. The insulation so obtained is finally protected by means of an outer plastics sheath 9.
Turning now to Figure 2 there is shown a somewhat similar assembly 11 in which the tubular line member 12 is.provided with a helically wound electrical heating element 13 held in position by tape 1~. ~he assembly so produced is insulat.ed by means of a helically wrapped tape 15 of low density polyurethane foam . 10 reinorced by several windings 16 of polypropylene rope w}lich has . been helically wrapped about the layer 15 in the same sense.
A second layer o~ the same construction is then wrapped in the opposite sense over the first layer. Once again the insulation is Pinally protected by means of an outer plastics sheath 17.
Finally, in Figure 4 there is shown the end of a heating element suitable fox use in the present invention. This comprises two spaced apart parallel electrodes 21 and 22 embedded in a car~on-filled polymeric composition and protected by an insulating layer 23 and a metal braid 24 tin some cases the metal braid may -20 be omitted). Such a heating element is described, for exam~le, : in aforementioned British Patents ~OSr 1,449,261, 1,449,262 and 1,456,047, and is especially suitable for uæ in the present invention.
~ Whilst the present invention has been described with : 25 specific reference to tubular samplin~ line memkers it will be appreciated that it is àlso ap~licable to other fields and, equall~, .;.t will be apprec;.ated that the word "tubular" as used .. . .
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herein does not limit the invention to hollow right cylindrical members, but is in~ended to cover members of irregular and/or varying cross-section as well as members having one or more branches, such as Y-shaped, T-shaped and X-shaped members.
Further modifications and variations in accordance with the present invention will be apparen~ to those skilled in the art.
. -. 9 _ .~ ,.
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.
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(a) a tubular line mem~er, (b) heating means disposed externally of said line member and (c) insulation comprising at least two layers, each of which comprises foam material and, preferably, reinforcing material.
At lea~t two layers within the insulation are preferably in helically counter-wra~ed relationship, i.eO ~o that one layer iB wra~ped in a sense opposite to that of the other, the present inventîon ~ein~ based, _ter alia, on our ohservation that especially suitable insulation for sampling line tu~es can be obtained by helically counter-wrap~ing at least two layers of foam material. Such a helically counter-wrapped configuration ensures that the insulation rem~ins tight and free of lea~age paths.
In some cases it may not be necessary or desirable to provide separate reinforcing material. For example, certain insulation matexials, e.g. polypro~ylene foam, have sufficient ~tructural integrity to be used without additional reinforcemen~
However, each layer will preferably comprise both a low density foam material and reinforcing material so as to include both i~ thermally insulating and reinforcin~ materials and the arrangement ~ will be such as to prevent the thermally insulating low densi~y .
foam material from being crushed by over-wrapped reinforcing material. Thus the insulation prefera~ly comprises at least two layers each which is formed from a thermally insulating low density foam material and a reinforcing material, the ' .
~ - 3 - ~
6~62Z
. `
; arrangement of the foam and reinforcing materials in the layers and the arrangement o~ the layers heing such that each section of the insulation comprises both foam material and reinforcing material in over-wrapped relationship. Such an arrangement can readily be obtained by helically counter-wrapping the layers, especially i~ each layer contains the foam material and the reinforcing material in side-by side relationship. However, other arrangements may be used to take advantage of this aspect of the present invention.
10In one preferred form of ~he present invention the layers of the insulation are formed by helically wrapping a laminated tape comprising a width of low density foam material and a width of high density foam material. A further layer of laminated tape is then wrapped helically in the opposite direction about the article so ~ormed to produce a final tubular insulating member, the low ; density foam material supplying the necessary thermal insulation and the high density material providing the nec~ssary structural integrity.
Of course, each layer of such insulation could ~e formed by wrapping two separate tapes rather than a single laminated tape.
The foam material is typically a polyurethane although other materials, e.g. polyethylene,polypropylene or rubber, may b~
employed.
By "low density material" there is herein meant material having a density of not more than 41bs/cubic foot and by "high density material" there is herein meant material ha~ing a density of not less than 61b~/cubic foot. Prefera~ly the density of the , . . , - . - . . . . -: . ' ' ' ' : ' . . .
.. . . .
.
~0686Z2 . : ~
low density materi~l lies in the range of frcm 1 to 21bs/cubic foot and the density of the high density mater~al lies in the range of from 6 to 101bs/cubic foot.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention the reinforcing material compriaes plastics rope or tubing, for example, polypropylene or nylon rope which is helically wrapped together with the low density foam material. Thus in this embodiment each layer can be formed by first helically wrapping low density tape and then, in the same sense, helically wrapping the polypropylene rope. It may be advantageous, in other cases, to wrap the low density foam material and the xope simultaneously in side-by-side relationship.
It will be appreciated, that although two layers will in general be sufficient to meet the insulation raquirements, in some a~plications it may be a~propriate to use three or more layers, es~ecially where flexibility o the composite tubing member is relatively unimportant. In such cases, each adjacent pair of layers will preferably be in helically-counter-wra~ped relation-ship.
The insulation produced by wrap~ing the various layers may .. ~ , be finally~covered by an outer sheath of plas~ics material, e.g.
polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, and i~ will be appreciated that other materials may ~e included within the insulation of the line member for specific purposes, for example it may be appropriate to add a braid material, for example fibreglass braid or tape, to provide high temperature thermal insulation.
:. :
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.
:.' , , . : : . . ~ . ~. : .
- ~ . , . . , , ~ .
:, , ., . . :: . , : .. . . .. .. . . .. .. . .
68~;~Z
The heating means may comprise, for example, one or more electrical heating wires wrappea helically about the tubular line member and, ad~antageously, held in position by binder strands made fxom nylon fibre or tape material. Alternatively, one or more Or the heating wires may be arranged to run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubular line member. However, in the preferred forms of the presen-t invention the heating element comprises a self-regulatine heating strip which increases its electrical resistance as the temperature increases and which is preferably provided with its own mechanical protection. An especially suitable self heating strip which may be wrapped helically around the tubular line member or which may be run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the line member is that sold commercially under the name "Auto-Trace" by Chemelex Inc., a subsidiary of ` Raychem Corporation, and which is described, for example, in British Patents ~os. 1,449,261, 1,449~262 and 1,456,047.
Howe~er~ other heating means may be used in the present invention, including for example non-electrical heating means, e.g. a thin pipe through which steam or another heating fluid is passed.
The thickness of the low density foam material and the reinforcing material will vary according to the application but, in general, the thickness of the material used in each layer will lie in the range of from 1/8 inch to 3/8 inch gi~ing a total thickness of at least 1/4 inch.
, :,. , . ~ ';
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.
- ~
~6l36Z2 It will be appreciated that the ins~lation u ed in ~he present inve~ti~n can ea~ily be applied to the line memker and it~ a~sociated heating means. ~ow~ver, i~ ~om~ cases, it ~ay be ad~antageou~ to fonm a prefabricated two-layer~d insulatio~
memker into which the line m2mber may be pu3~ed or drawn to ~Gnm th~ ~inal compo8ite arti~le.
Figure 1 ~hows a fir~t ~orm o composite tubular article : ~ a~cordance wit~ the pres~t inve~tion:
Figure 2 ~h~w~ a second for~ o~ ~ompo~ite tubular article in ac¢ordance with the present invanti~:
Figure 3 is a cro~s-oection ta~n along the line 3-3 o~ Fig~re 1: and Figure 4 3hows part of a haating el~me~t s~itable for U3~ i~ the pr~sent i~ventio~.
I~ Figur~ 1 ~here i8 illustrated a compo~ite ~a~pli~g line 1 c~mpr~ g a ~ubular li~e me~r 2 made, for exa~pl~, ~ra~ ~ain-les~ ~teel or a ~la~ticæ material su~h a pol~t~tra~l~or~ethyle~e or ~yl~n, provld~d with an electrical heating element 3 secured in po~itlo~ with relatio~ to the t~bular li~e member 2 by tape 4 ~o t~at it occupies a positi~n s~b~ta~tially parallel to the lo~sit~dinal axi3 0~ the tubular li~e ~e~ber 2 In accordance with the pre~e~t i~ention the a~s~mbl~ o~ the line m~mber 2 and th~ heating ele~nt 3 i~ in~lated by first wrappi~g a laminate~ tape 5 comp~ ng a ~idth 6 o~ lo~ dansity polyuretha~e ~oam and a ~acon~, ~ar~owe~, .. . .
.'"', . ~ _ 7 -. .. : . . . .. .. :.. , . ~
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.
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width 7 of high density poly~lrethane foam, about the assembly and then wrapping a similar tape 8 over the wrapping 5 but in an oppos.ite sense. The insulation so obtained is finally protected by means of an outer plastics sheath 9.
Turning now to Figure 2 there is shown a somewhat similar assembly 11 in which the tubular line member 12 is.provided with a helically wound electrical heating element 13 held in position by tape 1~. ~he assembly so produced is insulat.ed by means of a helically wrapped tape 15 of low density polyurethane foam . 10 reinorced by several windings 16 of polypropylene rope w}lich has . been helically wrapped about the layer 15 in the same sense.
A second layer o~ the same construction is then wrapped in the opposite sense over the first layer. Once again the insulation is Pinally protected by means of an outer plastics sheath 17.
Finally, in Figure 4 there is shown the end of a heating element suitable fox use in the present invention. This comprises two spaced apart parallel electrodes 21 and 22 embedded in a car~on-filled polymeric composition and protected by an insulating layer 23 and a metal braid 24 tin some cases the metal braid may -20 be omitted). Such a heating element is described, for exam~le, : in aforementioned British Patents ~OSr 1,449,261, 1,449,262 and 1,456,047, and is especially suitable for uæ in the present invention.
~ Whilst the present invention has been described with : 25 specific reference to tubular samplin~ line memkers it will be appreciated that it is àlso ap~licable to other fields and, equall~, .;.t will be apprec;.ated that the word "tubular" as used .. . .
~,~ J
.: : .
.: . :
.' '; ' ~IL0686ZZ
herein does not limit the invention to hollow right cylindrical members, but is in~ended to cover members of irregular and/or varying cross-section as well as members having one or more branches, such as Y-shaped, T-shaped and X-shaped members.
Further modifications and variations in accordance with the present invention will be apparen~ to those skilled in the art.
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Claims (26)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A composite tubing member comprising (a) a tubular line member;
(b) heating means disposed internally or externally of said line member; and (c) insulation comprising at least two layers, each of which comprises foam material.
(b) heating means disposed internally or externally of said line member; and (c) insulation comprising at least two layers, each of which comprises foam material.
2. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least two layers of the insulation are arranged in helically counter-wrapped relationship.
3. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foam material is a thermally insulating low density foam material.
4. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 3, wherein the density of the foam material is from 1 to 2 lbs/cubic foot.
5. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein each layer of the insulation also comprises a reinforcing material.
6. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulation comprises at least two layers, each of which is formed from a thermally insulating low density foam material and a reinforcing material, the arrangement of the foam material and the reinforcing material in each layer and the arrangement of the layers being such that each longitudinal section of the insulation comprises both foam material and reinforcing material in over-wrapped relationship.
7. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reinforcing material is high density foam material.
8. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 7, wherein the density of the foam material is from 6 to 10 lbs/cubic foot.
9. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least one layer of the insulation is made from a laminated tape comprising a width of low density foam material and a width of high density foam material.
10. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 5, wherein at least one layer of the insulation comprises plastics rope or tubing as reinforcing material.
11. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 10, wherein the plastics material is polypropylene or nylon.
12. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 5, wherein at least one layer of the insulation is made from a strip of foam material and a strip of reinforcing material.
13. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 12, wherein the strip of foam material and the strip of reinforcing material are arranged in side-by-side relationship.
14. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 12, wherein the strip of foam material and the strip of reinforcing material are arranged in over-wrapped relationship.
15. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein a polyurethane is used as the foam material in at least one layer of the insulation.
16. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein polypropylene is used as the foam material in at least one layer of the insulation.
17. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein polyethylene or a rubber is used as the foam material in at least one layer of the insulation.
18. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of each layer of the insulation is in the range of from 1/8 to 3/8 inch.
19. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulation comprises an outer plastics sheath.
20. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulation is provided with a layer of a braid material to provide high temperature insulation.
21. A composite tubing member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating means comprises a self-regulating heating strip which increases its electrical resistance as the temperature increases.
22. A composite tubing member comprising (a) a tubular line member;
(b) heating means disposed externally of said line member; and (c) insulation disposed about said heating means, comprising at least two layers, each of which is formed from a thermally insulating low density foam material and a reinforcing material, said layers being arranged in helically counter-wrapped relationship.
(b) heating means disposed externally of said line member; and (c) insulation disposed about said heating means, comprising at least two layers, each of which is formed from a thermally insulating low density foam material and a reinforcing material, said layers being arranged in helically counter-wrapped relationship.
23. A composite tubing member according to claim 22, wherein the reinforcing material is high density foam material.
24. A composite tubing member according to claim 23, wherein at least one layer of the insulation is made from a laminated tape comprising a width of low density foam material and a width of high density foam material.
25. A composite tubing member according to claim 23, wherein the reinforcing material is plastics rope or tubing.
26. A composite tubing member according to claim 23, wherein at least one layer of the insulation is made from a strip of low density foam material and a strip of reinforcing material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8901/76A GB1578125A (en) | 1976-03-05 | 1976-03-05 | Sample line tube |
| GB953076 | 1976-03-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1068622A true CA1068622A (en) | 1979-12-25 |
Family
ID=26242494
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA273,190A Expired CA1068622A (en) | 1976-03-05 | 1977-03-04 | Sample line tube |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS52118614A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1068622A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2709717A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2343196A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013137745A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-19 | Purapipe As | Multilayer pipeline in a polymer material, device for manufacture of the multilayer pipeline and a method for manufacturing the multilayer pipeline |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1604379A (en) * | 1977-11-08 | 1981-12-09 | Raychem Sa Nv | Heat shrinkable article |
| DE2954256C2 (en) | 1978-01-09 | 1994-05-11 | Naamloze Vennootschap Raychem S.A., Kessel-Lo, Leuven | Method for forming a sealed connection between a heat-shrunk sleeve and at least two elongated substrates entering the sleeve from the same end |
| DE2954743C2 (en) * | 1978-01-09 | 1996-10-31 | Raychem Sa Nv | Clips for sealing branches from distributor boxes |
| GB1604981A (en) * | 1978-01-09 | 1981-12-16 | Raychem Sa Nv | Branchoff method |
| CA1152591A (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1983-08-23 | Jean-Marie E. Nolf | Cable sleeve outlet for splice case |
| GB2073358B (en) * | 1980-04-03 | 1983-12-14 | Shell Res Ltd | Heat-insulated hose for liquefied gases |
| US4455474A (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1984-06-19 | Nordson Corporation | Thermally insulated electrically heated hose for transmitting hot liquids |
| US4553023A (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1985-11-12 | Nordson Corporation | Thermally insulated electrically heated hose for transmitting hot liquids |
| DE9017950U1 (en) * | 1990-12-08 | 1993-08-12 | Kendall-Medizinische Erzeugnisse - GmbH, 93333 Neustadt | Heated hose |
| FR2705521B1 (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1995-06-23 | Rebeuh Regis | Heating device for liquid which can be integrated in the supply circuit of a basin or a container, more particularly of an outdoor swimming pool. |
| US5381511A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1995-01-10 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Flexible electrically heatable hose |
| DE4337887C2 (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1996-04-18 | Jakob Loferer | Hot gas pipe connection |
| US5499528A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-03-19 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Apparatus for measuring hot gas content |
| FR2907550B1 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2009-01-16 | Renault Sas | GAS TAKING LINE CIRCULATING IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PIPE AND TEST BENCH HAVING SUCH A LINE |
| JP2011501052A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2011-01-06 | タイコ・サーマル・コントロルズ・エルエルシー | Flexible heated hose and manufacturing method thereof |
| FR3042842B1 (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2018-05-04 | Technip France | METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A RIGID CONDUIT AND CONDUCT THEREFOR |
-
1977
- 1977-03-03 FR FR7706280A patent/FR2343196A1/en active Granted
- 1977-03-04 JP JP2372577A patent/JPS52118614A/en active Pending
- 1977-03-04 CA CA273,190A patent/CA1068622A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-05 DE DE19772709717 patent/DE2709717A1/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013137745A1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-19 | Purapipe As | Multilayer pipeline in a polymer material, device for manufacture of the multilayer pipeline and a method for manufacturing the multilayer pipeline |
| EA028688B1 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2017-12-29 | Пьюрэпайп Холдинг Лтд. | Multilayer polymer pipeline, device and method for manufacturing such multilayer pipeline |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2343196B3 (en) | 1979-04-13 |
| JPS52118614A (en) | 1977-10-05 |
| DE2709717A1 (en) | 1977-09-15 |
| FR2343196A1 (en) | 1977-09-30 |
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