CA1064424A - Electroplating chromium and its alloys - Google Patents
Electroplating chromium and its alloysInfo
- Publication number
- CA1064424A CA1064424A CA240,570A CA240570A CA1064424A CA 1064424 A CA1064424 A CA 1064424A CA 240570 A CA240570 A CA 240570A CA 1064424 A CA1064424 A CA 1064424A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- range
- solution
- concentration
- iii
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- ZKJMJQVGBCLHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);triperchlorate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O ZKJMJQVGBCLHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- YRTKBCIAQCXVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);trithiocyanate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N YRTKBCIAQCXVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RROSXLCQOOGZBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;isothiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=C=S RROSXLCQOOGZBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 229910001914 chlorine tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co] Chemical class [Cr].[Co] WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 amine complexes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940075397 calomel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004291 sulphur dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000858 thiocyanato group Chemical group *SC#N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/06—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium from solutions of trivalent chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Moving Of The Head To Find And Align With The Track (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5362474A GB1431639A (en) | 1974-12-11 | 1974-12-11 | Electroplating chromium and its alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1064424A true CA1064424A (en) | 1979-10-16 |
Family
ID=10468459
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA240,570A Expired CA1064424A (en) | 1974-12-11 | 1975-11-26 | Electroplating chromium and its alloys |
| CA240,571A Expired CA1072205A (en) | 1974-12-11 | 1975-11-26 | Data storage apparatus with track centering |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA240,571A Expired CA1072205A (en) | 1974-12-11 | 1975-11-26 | Data storage apparatus with track centering |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5175631A (enExample) |
| CA (2) | CA1064424A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2545654C2 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2294250A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1431639A (enExample) |
| HK (1) | HK24081A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1049022B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1596995A (en) * | 1977-06-14 | 1981-09-03 | Ibm | Electroplating chromium and its alloys |
| GB1571193A (en) * | 1976-12-16 | 1980-07-09 | Ibm Uk | Electroplating chromium and its alloys |
| GB1552263A (en) * | 1977-03-04 | 1979-09-12 | Bnf Metals Tech Centre | Trivalent chromium plating baths |
| GB1602404A (en) * | 1978-04-06 | 1981-11-11 | Ibm | Electroplating of chromium |
| GB2034354B (en) * | 1978-11-11 | 1982-12-01 | Ibm | Elimination of anode hydrogen cyanide formation in trivalent chromium plating |
| GB2038361B (en) * | 1978-11-11 | 1983-08-17 | Ibm | Trivalent chromium plating bath |
| GB2051861B (en) * | 1979-06-29 | 1983-03-09 | Ibm | Deposition of thick chromium films from trivalent chromium plating solutions |
| IN153802B (enExample) * | 1978-11-11 | 1984-08-18 | Ibm | |
| GB2071151B (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1983-04-07 | Ibm | Trivalent chromium electroplating |
| GB2093861B (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1984-08-22 | Canning Materials W Ltd | Bath for electrodeposition of chromium |
| GB8411063D0 (en) * | 1984-05-01 | 1984-06-06 | Mccormick M | Chromium electroplating |
| ES2578503T3 (es) | 2011-05-03 | 2016-07-27 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Baño de electrometalizado y método para producir capas de cromo oscuras |
| CN111876801A (zh) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-03 | 南昌航空大学 | 一种无裂纹Ni-Cr合金镀层及其制备方法和应用 |
-
1974
- 1974-12-11 GB GB5362474A patent/GB1431639A/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-10-11 DE DE19752545654 patent/DE2545654C2/de not_active Expired
- 1975-10-13 FR FR7532215A patent/FR2294250A1/fr active Granted
- 1975-11-18 IT IT2937875A patent/IT1049022B/it active
- 1975-11-19 JP JP13829275A patent/JPS5175631A/ja active Granted
- 1975-11-26 CA CA240,570A patent/CA1064424A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-11-26 CA CA240,571A patent/CA1072205A/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-05-28 HK HK24081A patent/HK24081A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1072205A (en) | 1980-02-19 |
| JPS5175631A (en) | 1976-06-30 |
| JPS5621075B2 (enExample) | 1981-05-16 |
| FR2294250A1 (fr) | 1976-07-09 |
| GB1431639A (en) | 1976-04-14 |
| HK24081A (en) | 1981-06-05 |
| IT1049022B (it) | 1981-01-20 |
| DE2545654C2 (de) | 1982-09-16 |
| FR2294250B1 (enExample) | 1979-05-04 |
| DE2545654A1 (de) | 1976-06-16 |
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