CA1062499A - Method and a device for forming a filtering fiber cake in an apparatus for measuring the beating degree of pulp flowing through a conduit - Google Patents
Method and a device for forming a filtering fiber cake in an apparatus for measuring the beating degree of pulp flowing through a conduitInfo
- Publication number
- CA1062499A CA1062499A CA249,326A CA249326A CA1062499A CA 1062499 A CA1062499 A CA 1062499A CA 249326 A CA249326 A CA 249326A CA 1062499 A CA1062499 A CA 1062499A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- conduit
- suspension
- pressure
- disc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
- Y10T137/2499—Mixture condition maintaining or sensing
- Y10T137/2506—By viscosity or consistency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
This invention provides a method and a device in an apparatus for measuring the beating degree of pulp. According to the invention the sample of pulp is treated by a rotating flow of fluid having a pressure lying over the pressure in the conduit during a stirring and/or a dilution period in connection with the withdrawal of the sample and when the sample is withdrawn from the pulp flowing through the conduit the pressure of the flow of fluid is lowered to a predetermined value, which is adapted to the deposit process of the sample of pulp. The fiber cake is deposited onto the strainer disc in an evenly distributed layer, so that a better reproducability in the function of the apparatus is achieved. Besides a more simple construction which can be manufactured cheaper than what has been the case before, one also gets a better guidance of the piston in the cylinder. The cleaning of the injection nozzles has also been essentially simplified and effectivized.
This invention provides a method and a device in an apparatus for measuring the beating degree of pulp. According to the invention the sample of pulp is treated by a rotating flow of fluid having a pressure lying over the pressure in the conduit during a stirring and/or a dilution period in connection with the withdrawal of the sample and when the sample is withdrawn from the pulp flowing through the conduit the pressure of the flow of fluid is lowered to a predetermined value, which is adapted to the deposit process of the sample of pulp. The fiber cake is deposited onto the strainer disc in an evenly distributed layer, so that a better reproducability in the function of the apparatus is achieved. Besides a more simple construction which can be manufactured cheaper than what has been the case before, one also gets a better guidance of the piston in the cylinder. The cleaning of the injection nozzles has also been essentially simplified and effectivized.
Description
6249~
This invention relates to a method and a d0vice for forming a filtering fiber cake ~rom a withdrawn sample of pulp, the permeability of said fiber cake for water is the basis of measuring the degree of beating, es-pecially in an apparatus for measuring the degree of beating of pulp flowing through a conduit.
An apparatus for measuring the degree of beating of a fibrous suspension is described in our Canadian Patent No~ 927,625. This apparatus may be connected to a condu1t for flowing pulp to render possible a periodi-cal withdrawal of samples of pulp and an accurate determination of their beating degree. If desired, the result of measuring may be obtained in SR. ;
Thus, a vertical sampling cylinder closed at the bottom end and open at the upper end, is at said upper end connected to a corresponding opening in the lower wall of a substantially hori~ontal portion of said conduit. A cover plate is mounted above the cylinder so that, in use, it i9 '.
disposed within the conduit, the cover plate being movable to and from a position in which the open upper end of the cylinder is kept closed. A
piston =ovable in the cylinder is composed of a strainer disc or plate and a solid dlsc~normally covering the lower side of the strainer disc but movable therefrom to form a space below the strainer disc when the latter reaches its lowest position. A tapping pipe provided with a valve extends from said space to a measuring vessel. A ralve controlled fluid pressure conduit i~
connected to the upper end of the cylinder whereby, when in use, the appara-tus is connected to the conduit, a sample of pulp filling the cylinder may .
be dewatered under pressure when the upper end of the cylinder has been closed by the cover plate. The amount of water removed from the sample of pulp, which is colleoted in the measuring vessel, may be used as a measure of the degree of beating of the pulp.
Irrespective of the choice of pressure fluid (gas or liquid) it is ofessential importance for a reliable result that the dewatering of the sample ~062499 of pulp through the strainer disc occurs at a constant pressure. If a liquid is chosen only water under pressure has been found to be useful in practice and in such case it has proved to be of less importance if some of the . .
pressurized water supplied from above in the sampling cylinder mixes with the ;
:.: ' :
upper layer of the pulp sa~ple. The explanation thereof may be that a fil-tering fiber cake is rapidly formed on the strainer disc at the very begin-ning of the straining operation, and the permeability of the fiber cake for water is then practically independent of the dilution of the filtered sus-pension. Thus, in this case the ability of the pulp sample to permit the passage of water is measured.
In laboratory experiments using a transparent cylinder it has now , : . : ~ :: : , become evident that temporary interferences appear in withdrawal of a sample ~ ~
:: .
of pulp from a pulp flowing through a conduit, said interferences result in ;
an uneven distribution of the fiber cake and on certain occasions even direct passage may occur, which in its turn results in incorrect results. The measuring result i8 also affected if the strainer disc does not completely tighten against the cylinder wall when said disc is in its lowest position.
This invention provides a method and a device in an apparatus for measuring the beating degree of pulp of the type described above, by which the above mentioned dieadvantages are overcome. ~ccording to the invention the sample of pulp is treated by a rotating flow of Eluid having a pressure lying over the pressure in the conduit during a stirring and/or a dilution period in connection with the withdrawal of the sample and when the sample is withdrawn from the pulp flowing through the conduit the pressure of the flow of fluid is lowered to a predetermined value, which is adapted to the deposit process of the sample oE pulp. ~ -More specifically, this invention relates to a method utili~ing a h,,.' "' porous strainer disc for forming a fiber cake from a sample of a fibrous sus-pension, comprising the steps of: withdrawing a sample of a fibrous suspension from a conduit through which said suspension flows and introducing said sus-pension into a sampling vessel containing the disc so that the suspension enters on one side of the disc; introducing a fluid into said vessel and on the same ~ -2-f ~
16~62499 side of said disc at a first pressure greater than the pressure of said suspension flowing through said conduit as said suspension is being introduced into said vessel, said fluid being introduced into said vessel in a direction ~
which is substantially tangential to the wall of the vessel to cause rotation , of said suspension about the longitudinal axis of said vessel to form a fiber cake of even density upon said disc; draining the fluids from the vessel;
introducing said fluid into said vessel at a second predetermined pressure, `
which is lower than said first pressure, upon the fiber cake formed upon said disc in said vessel; measuring the rate of flow of fluid per unit time through the fiber cake to determine the degree of beating of the pulp flowing :
through the conduit. `
This invention also relates to an apparatus forming a pulp cake from a sample of a fibrous suspension flowing through a conduit, said apparatus comprising: a sampling cylinder connected to said conduit and containing a straining disc on which said pulp cake is to be formed, said sampling cylinder being closed at a first end and open at a second end, said second end is ~
connected to a corresponding opening in said conduit; means for introducing `
a sample of said suspension flowing through said conduit into said sampling ~ `
cylinder; means for causing said suspension to flow through said straining disc so as to form a pulp cake thereon; at least one valve controlled conduit for introducing a fluid under pressure into said cylinder in a direction which `
is substantially tangential to wall of the sampling cylinder to cause rotation ~`
of said suspension about the longitudinal axis of said cylinder as said suspension is introduced into said cylinder whereby a pulp cake of substantially uniform density is caused to form on said straining disc. 5'`
Owing to this one observes that the fiber cake is deposited onto the strainer disc in an evenly distributed layer, so that a better repro- -ducability in the function of the apparatus is achieved. Besides a more `"
-2a- ~
062~99 ~`~
simple construction which can be manufactured cheaper than what has been the case before, one also gets a better guidance of the piston in the cylinder.
The cleaning of the injection nozzles has also been essentially simplified and effectivized. - -The invention will now be described by way of example only with particular reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: -Figure 1 and 2 show diagrammatically in vertical section and in two different working positions, an apparatus previously known.
Figure 3 shows also diagrammatically in ~ertical section and in ~ ;
two different working positions, the device according to the present inven-tion and Figure 4 is a section on the plan A-A of figure 3. ~
The known apparatus, illustrated in the figures 1 and 2, i9 " ';
mounted under a conduit 3 for fibrous suspensions. The conduit 3 has a branch consis~ing of a short pipe socket 4 welded to its lower side. The ~ ~;
; free end of the pipe socket 4 has a radial flange 5 to which a ring 6 with a smaller inner diameter than the pipe 4 is secured in any suitable manner ~not shown)0 The ring 6 carries a depending cylinder 7 (hereinafter referred to as the sampling cylinder) releasably mounted thereon. The sampling cylinder 7 has a bottom end wall 8 but is open at its upper end to communi-cate with the interior of the conduit 3.
A pressure fluid operated double-acting cylinder 9 is carried coaxially in alignment with the sampling cylinder ? by means of a tubular-connection member 10 suspended from the bottom wall 8 of the cylinder 7. The ~;
tube 10 encloses with clearance a piston rod 11 extending upwards from a piston within the dri~ing cylinder 9. The outer end of the piston rod 11 is secured to a rightangled pipe 12~ one end of which projects radially through ~ ;~
a longitudinal slit 13 in the tube 10. By means of a flexible hose 14 the ;
pipe 12 is connected to a pressure water conduit 15 containing a reduction ,;' . .
` ~06Z49~ ~
valve 16 and a sh~t-off valve 17. The other end of the pipe 12 is threaded externally and screwed into one end of a tubular piston rod extension 18 which sealingly fits in a central opening in the bottom wall 8 of the sampling cylinder 7. Within the sampling cylinder 7 the end of the tube 18 carries ~-a flange or plate 19, the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the smallest inner diameter of the sampling cylinder 7. -A piston which fits inside the sampling cylinder 7 is formed as a ~-strainer plate or disc 20 and has a tubular piston rod 21, the lower end of which is slidably fit*ed in the upper part of the tubular extension 18. In Figure 1, the strainer disc 20 is in its lower end position in which it rests on an annular shoulder in the cylinder 7 at such a distance from the bottom wall 8 that a space is formed between the underside of the strainer disc and the upper side of the plate 19, when the latter is in contact with the bottom ';~
wall 8. A channel 22 through the bottom wall 8 connects said space with an outlet pipe 23 directed downwardly and containing a shut-off valve 24.
Another channel 2S extendlng through the lower end of the sampl mg cylinder 7 is connected to a thrust water plpe 27 provided with a shut-off valve 26.
The tubular piston rod 21 extends upwardly through the sampling cylinder 7~ and has at its upper end a ball or check ~alve 28 which opens outwardly. In case a liquid is used as pressure fluid the check valve 28 may be omitted. Further, the upper end of the rod 21 is widened radially to form a disc-like member 29. In its low0r end position shown in Figure l, said member 29 is located slightly above the open upper end of the cylinder 7 so that an annular space is formed A horizontal cover plate 30 is movable with clearance within the pipe socket 4O In Figure 1, the cover 30 is supported by an annular bead 31 provided around the inner periphery of the ring 6~ whereby said cover forms ~`
a sealing cover for the sampling cylinder 7. Two vertical guide rods 32 are secured to diametrically opposed points of the cover 30 and extend through ~_ ',`.
--~ 11)6;~4~99 corresponding bores in the ring 6. The rods 32 are actuated in direction downwards by surrounding helical springs 33 which are disposed between the underside of the ring 6 and washers 34 mounted on the ends of the rods 32.
~y this arrangement, the cover 30 is normally held in sealing engagement with the annular bead 31, and in this position the upper side of the member 29 is posi*ioned slightly spaced from the underside of the oover 30. The arrangement is such that a central space is left around the check valve 28 even if the member 29 is moved upwards until its rim portion engages the underside of the cover 30, as shown in Figure 2.
An annular space 35 is formed between the inner circumference of ., ~ .
the ring 6 and an opposite portion of the outside cylinder 7, and a channel 36 extending radially from the space 35 through the ring 6 is connected to discharge conduit 37 containing a shut-off valve 38.
The outlet pipe 23 from the lower end of the sampling cylinder 7 ends into a cylindrical measuring vessel 39 open at the top. A bottom outlet 41 from said vessel 39 is provided with a shut-off valve 40. The measuring vessel 39 may be graduated to indicate the amount of liquid collected, but `
preferably the liquid level is measured in another way known per se. Thus, a vertical tube 42 dipping into the vessel 39 with its lower end is connected `; `
to a conduit 43 through which a weak flow of air is supplied. The pressure variations in the conduit 43 caused by varying liquid levels in the vessel 39 ;~
are indicated by a pressure meter 44 conneoted to the conduit and~ if desired~
graduated to indicate the degree of beating directly in SR.
The beating degree meter described above operates as follows. ;;
Initially, the various movable parts are in the positions shown in Figure 1 except that the sampling cylinder 7 is filled with rinsing water. The valve 24 and the valve 40 of the measuring vessel are closed in this initial position, but the valves 17, 26 and 38 in the conduits 15, 27 and 37, res-pectively, are open. The pressure reduction valve 16 in the compressed water ~ `
_S_ .
~ ~6z~99 ~;
conduit 15 has been adjusted at a oomparatively low constant overpressure which, in respect to the average concentration of pulp, may vary between 0,4 and 1,0 atm. gauge, for instanceO
In preparation for a testing operation, pressure fluid is supplied to the cylinder 9 so that its piston rod 11 moves upwards and at the same time the valves 26 and 38 are closed, but the valves 24 and 40 are opened, so `~
that the measuring vessel 39 is emptied. Hereby the cover plate 19 engages the underside of the strainer disc 20 in the sampling cylinder 7, and the two plates 19 and 20 form a solid piston which continues the upward movement as a unit. During this continued movement the member 29 engages the cover 30 and `~
lifts it against the action of the springs 33 into the upper position shown ~
in Figure 2, where the piston I9 and 20 is positioned at the upper end of the `
sampling cylinder 7. In this position the flow of pulp through the conduit 3 passes freely between the upper side of said piston and the underside of the cover 30. When a sample of pulp is to be withdrawn for determination of the beating degree, the supply of pressure liquid to the cylinder 9 is altered so that the piston rod 11, 18 with the cover plate 19 moves downward and the other movable parts also move downwards because of the force exerted by the springs 33 on the cover 30. ~hen the cover 30 has resumed the closing position shown in Figure l, a volume of pulp to be tested has been enclosed in the cylinder 7 between the piston 19 and 20 and the cover 30. Owing to the overpressure pre~ailing in the space between the member 29 and the cover 30 the member 29 and the strainer disc 20 are moved still further downwards, and thus the compressed water supplied hy the conduit 15 flows into the cylinder ? and acts upon the upper surface of the pulp column located therein. ~ -The strainer disc 20 is stopped in its lower end position described above, while the piston rod 11, 18 moves the cover plate 19 into contact with the bottom of the cylinder 7. When a space has thus been established below the strainer disc 20, water begins to escape from the pulp and the water flows ~_ .
~62499 through the pipe 23 down into the measuring vessel 39 and a fiber cake is getting deposited on the strainer disc 20. At a certain determined time the bottom valve 40 of the measuring vessel 39 is closed so that the water is collected in the measuring vessel 39 and after a determined point of time the draining ~alve 24 is closed. Then the vessel 39 contains the amount of water that has been drained off under the influence of a determined drop in pressure during the period of time in questionO As mentioned, the cooperating factors, ~ -~ .. . .
the pressure of the fluid, time of draining etc., may be determined such thatthe result is obtained in SR on the pressure meter 44.
When the draining valve 24 has been closed, the valve 26 in the thrust water conduit 27 and the valve 38 in the outlet conduit are opened to remove the pulp tested. Although not shown in the drawing, a pressure air conduit controlled by a valve may open into the water conduit 27 so that the washing or rinsing water is mixed with air bubbles before reaching the under-side of the strainer disc 20. Such a mixture of water and air has proved to effect a particularly efficient cleansing of the strainer. The washing is contlnued for~a determined period of time until the next tes~ing operationp when the described procedure is repeated.
,: .' '' .
If desired, the various valves in the apparatus except for the pressure reduction valve 16 may be controlled by a programming mechanism which initiates the desired operations at determined moments.
~, . .. .
As mentioned above, the sampling cylinder 7 may be releasably `
mounted in the ring 6, although the arrangement therefore is not shown. Such a mounting has the advantage that the entire apparatus can be removed f~r maintenance or repair without disturbingthe rmal operation of the plant7 as the opening in the ring 6 is kept closed by the cover 30.
As principally can be seen from Figure 3 and 4, the present invention relates to a method to form or get a filtering fiber cake of uni~
form thickness. In performing the method a sample of pulp, which is with-., .
':
" lO~Z499 drawn from a fibrous suspension flowing through a conduit, is treated by arotating flow of fluid. ~uring a s~irring and/or a dilution period in connection with the withdrawal of the sample said rotating flow o~ fluid has a pressure exceeding the pressure in the conduit. When the sample is with-drawn from the pulp flowing in the conduit, the pressure of the flow of fluid is lowered to a predetermined value adapted to the deposit process of the sample of pulp.
A suitable device for performing the method is illustrated in the Figure 3 and 4. Said device corresponds on the whole with the known appara-tus, illustrated in the Figure 1 and 2, and therefore only that part isincluded which directly concerns the present invention. As can be seen from the drawings the most essential difference is the supply of the flow of fluid. In the embodiment illustrated said flow is supplied either through a conduit S0 or through a conduit 51. The supply of a flow of fluid, for instance water under pressure (thrust water), occurs when teh concentration of the pulp flowing through the conduit 50 maintains a value which is below approx. 4%. The conduit 50 ends in a nozzle S2, which opens tangentially into ; an annular space 35 located outside the upper part of the cylinder 7. Said ~!
~ space 35 communicates in its turn with the interior of the cyIinder 7 by an opening 54, extending around an upper edge S3 of the cylinder 7. The opening of the nozzle S2 has a diameter of approx. 3-4 mm.
When the pulp flowing in the conduit 3 ha~ a concentration exceed-ing approx. 4%, supply of thrust water takes place through the conduit Sl, which communicates with an annular channel 55 located around the cylinder 7 at its upper part and just below the annular space 35. The channel 55 commun-icates wlth the interior of the cylinder 7 by a number of and in this embodi- ~, ment 6iX essentially tangential mouths or no~zles 56 extending through the cylinder wall. In this embodiment the diameter of the nozzles 56 is approx.
This invention relates to a method and a d0vice for forming a filtering fiber cake ~rom a withdrawn sample of pulp, the permeability of said fiber cake for water is the basis of measuring the degree of beating, es-pecially in an apparatus for measuring the degree of beating of pulp flowing through a conduit.
An apparatus for measuring the degree of beating of a fibrous suspension is described in our Canadian Patent No~ 927,625. This apparatus may be connected to a condu1t for flowing pulp to render possible a periodi-cal withdrawal of samples of pulp and an accurate determination of their beating degree. If desired, the result of measuring may be obtained in SR. ;
Thus, a vertical sampling cylinder closed at the bottom end and open at the upper end, is at said upper end connected to a corresponding opening in the lower wall of a substantially hori~ontal portion of said conduit. A cover plate is mounted above the cylinder so that, in use, it i9 '.
disposed within the conduit, the cover plate being movable to and from a position in which the open upper end of the cylinder is kept closed. A
piston =ovable in the cylinder is composed of a strainer disc or plate and a solid dlsc~normally covering the lower side of the strainer disc but movable therefrom to form a space below the strainer disc when the latter reaches its lowest position. A tapping pipe provided with a valve extends from said space to a measuring vessel. A ralve controlled fluid pressure conduit i~
connected to the upper end of the cylinder whereby, when in use, the appara-tus is connected to the conduit, a sample of pulp filling the cylinder may .
be dewatered under pressure when the upper end of the cylinder has been closed by the cover plate. The amount of water removed from the sample of pulp, which is colleoted in the measuring vessel, may be used as a measure of the degree of beating of the pulp.
Irrespective of the choice of pressure fluid (gas or liquid) it is ofessential importance for a reliable result that the dewatering of the sample ~062499 of pulp through the strainer disc occurs at a constant pressure. If a liquid is chosen only water under pressure has been found to be useful in practice and in such case it has proved to be of less importance if some of the . .
pressurized water supplied from above in the sampling cylinder mixes with the ;
:.: ' :
upper layer of the pulp sa~ple. The explanation thereof may be that a fil-tering fiber cake is rapidly formed on the strainer disc at the very begin-ning of the straining operation, and the permeability of the fiber cake for water is then practically independent of the dilution of the filtered sus-pension. Thus, in this case the ability of the pulp sample to permit the passage of water is measured.
In laboratory experiments using a transparent cylinder it has now , : . : ~ :: : , become evident that temporary interferences appear in withdrawal of a sample ~ ~
:: .
of pulp from a pulp flowing through a conduit, said interferences result in ;
an uneven distribution of the fiber cake and on certain occasions even direct passage may occur, which in its turn results in incorrect results. The measuring result i8 also affected if the strainer disc does not completely tighten against the cylinder wall when said disc is in its lowest position.
This invention provides a method and a device in an apparatus for measuring the beating degree of pulp of the type described above, by which the above mentioned dieadvantages are overcome. ~ccording to the invention the sample of pulp is treated by a rotating flow of Eluid having a pressure lying over the pressure in the conduit during a stirring and/or a dilution period in connection with the withdrawal of the sample and when the sample is withdrawn from the pulp flowing through the conduit the pressure of the flow of fluid is lowered to a predetermined value, which is adapted to the deposit process of the sample oE pulp. ~ -More specifically, this invention relates to a method utili~ing a h,,.' "' porous strainer disc for forming a fiber cake from a sample of a fibrous sus-pension, comprising the steps of: withdrawing a sample of a fibrous suspension from a conduit through which said suspension flows and introducing said sus-pension into a sampling vessel containing the disc so that the suspension enters on one side of the disc; introducing a fluid into said vessel and on the same ~ -2-f ~
16~62499 side of said disc at a first pressure greater than the pressure of said suspension flowing through said conduit as said suspension is being introduced into said vessel, said fluid being introduced into said vessel in a direction ~
which is substantially tangential to the wall of the vessel to cause rotation , of said suspension about the longitudinal axis of said vessel to form a fiber cake of even density upon said disc; draining the fluids from the vessel;
introducing said fluid into said vessel at a second predetermined pressure, `
which is lower than said first pressure, upon the fiber cake formed upon said disc in said vessel; measuring the rate of flow of fluid per unit time through the fiber cake to determine the degree of beating of the pulp flowing :
through the conduit. `
This invention also relates to an apparatus forming a pulp cake from a sample of a fibrous suspension flowing through a conduit, said apparatus comprising: a sampling cylinder connected to said conduit and containing a straining disc on which said pulp cake is to be formed, said sampling cylinder being closed at a first end and open at a second end, said second end is ~
connected to a corresponding opening in said conduit; means for introducing `
a sample of said suspension flowing through said conduit into said sampling ~ `
cylinder; means for causing said suspension to flow through said straining disc so as to form a pulp cake thereon; at least one valve controlled conduit for introducing a fluid under pressure into said cylinder in a direction which `
is substantially tangential to wall of the sampling cylinder to cause rotation ~`
of said suspension about the longitudinal axis of said cylinder as said suspension is introduced into said cylinder whereby a pulp cake of substantially uniform density is caused to form on said straining disc. 5'`
Owing to this one observes that the fiber cake is deposited onto the strainer disc in an evenly distributed layer, so that a better repro- -ducability in the function of the apparatus is achieved. Besides a more `"
-2a- ~
062~99 ~`~
simple construction which can be manufactured cheaper than what has been the case before, one also gets a better guidance of the piston in the cylinder.
The cleaning of the injection nozzles has also been essentially simplified and effectivized. - -The invention will now be described by way of example only with particular reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: -Figure 1 and 2 show diagrammatically in vertical section and in two different working positions, an apparatus previously known.
Figure 3 shows also diagrammatically in ~ertical section and in ~ ;
two different working positions, the device according to the present inven-tion and Figure 4 is a section on the plan A-A of figure 3. ~
The known apparatus, illustrated in the figures 1 and 2, i9 " ';
mounted under a conduit 3 for fibrous suspensions. The conduit 3 has a branch consis~ing of a short pipe socket 4 welded to its lower side. The ~ ~;
; free end of the pipe socket 4 has a radial flange 5 to which a ring 6 with a smaller inner diameter than the pipe 4 is secured in any suitable manner ~not shown)0 The ring 6 carries a depending cylinder 7 (hereinafter referred to as the sampling cylinder) releasably mounted thereon. The sampling cylinder 7 has a bottom end wall 8 but is open at its upper end to communi-cate with the interior of the conduit 3.
A pressure fluid operated double-acting cylinder 9 is carried coaxially in alignment with the sampling cylinder ? by means of a tubular-connection member 10 suspended from the bottom wall 8 of the cylinder 7. The ~;
tube 10 encloses with clearance a piston rod 11 extending upwards from a piston within the dri~ing cylinder 9. The outer end of the piston rod 11 is secured to a rightangled pipe 12~ one end of which projects radially through ~ ;~
a longitudinal slit 13 in the tube 10. By means of a flexible hose 14 the ;
pipe 12 is connected to a pressure water conduit 15 containing a reduction ,;' . .
` ~06Z49~ ~
valve 16 and a sh~t-off valve 17. The other end of the pipe 12 is threaded externally and screwed into one end of a tubular piston rod extension 18 which sealingly fits in a central opening in the bottom wall 8 of the sampling cylinder 7. Within the sampling cylinder 7 the end of the tube 18 carries ~-a flange or plate 19, the diameter of which is slightly smaller than the smallest inner diameter of the sampling cylinder 7. -A piston which fits inside the sampling cylinder 7 is formed as a ~-strainer plate or disc 20 and has a tubular piston rod 21, the lower end of which is slidably fit*ed in the upper part of the tubular extension 18. In Figure 1, the strainer disc 20 is in its lower end position in which it rests on an annular shoulder in the cylinder 7 at such a distance from the bottom wall 8 that a space is formed between the underside of the strainer disc and the upper side of the plate 19, when the latter is in contact with the bottom ';~
wall 8. A channel 22 through the bottom wall 8 connects said space with an outlet pipe 23 directed downwardly and containing a shut-off valve 24.
Another channel 2S extendlng through the lower end of the sampl mg cylinder 7 is connected to a thrust water plpe 27 provided with a shut-off valve 26.
The tubular piston rod 21 extends upwardly through the sampling cylinder 7~ and has at its upper end a ball or check ~alve 28 which opens outwardly. In case a liquid is used as pressure fluid the check valve 28 may be omitted. Further, the upper end of the rod 21 is widened radially to form a disc-like member 29. In its low0r end position shown in Figure l, said member 29 is located slightly above the open upper end of the cylinder 7 so that an annular space is formed A horizontal cover plate 30 is movable with clearance within the pipe socket 4O In Figure 1, the cover 30 is supported by an annular bead 31 provided around the inner periphery of the ring 6~ whereby said cover forms ~`
a sealing cover for the sampling cylinder 7. Two vertical guide rods 32 are secured to diametrically opposed points of the cover 30 and extend through ~_ ',`.
--~ 11)6;~4~99 corresponding bores in the ring 6. The rods 32 are actuated in direction downwards by surrounding helical springs 33 which are disposed between the underside of the ring 6 and washers 34 mounted on the ends of the rods 32.
~y this arrangement, the cover 30 is normally held in sealing engagement with the annular bead 31, and in this position the upper side of the member 29 is posi*ioned slightly spaced from the underside of the oover 30. The arrangement is such that a central space is left around the check valve 28 even if the member 29 is moved upwards until its rim portion engages the underside of the cover 30, as shown in Figure 2.
An annular space 35 is formed between the inner circumference of ., ~ .
the ring 6 and an opposite portion of the outside cylinder 7, and a channel 36 extending radially from the space 35 through the ring 6 is connected to discharge conduit 37 containing a shut-off valve 38.
The outlet pipe 23 from the lower end of the sampling cylinder 7 ends into a cylindrical measuring vessel 39 open at the top. A bottom outlet 41 from said vessel 39 is provided with a shut-off valve 40. The measuring vessel 39 may be graduated to indicate the amount of liquid collected, but `
preferably the liquid level is measured in another way known per se. Thus, a vertical tube 42 dipping into the vessel 39 with its lower end is connected `; `
to a conduit 43 through which a weak flow of air is supplied. The pressure variations in the conduit 43 caused by varying liquid levels in the vessel 39 ;~
are indicated by a pressure meter 44 conneoted to the conduit and~ if desired~
graduated to indicate the degree of beating directly in SR.
The beating degree meter described above operates as follows. ;;
Initially, the various movable parts are in the positions shown in Figure 1 except that the sampling cylinder 7 is filled with rinsing water. The valve 24 and the valve 40 of the measuring vessel are closed in this initial position, but the valves 17, 26 and 38 in the conduits 15, 27 and 37, res-pectively, are open. The pressure reduction valve 16 in the compressed water ~ `
_S_ .
~ ~6z~99 ~;
conduit 15 has been adjusted at a oomparatively low constant overpressure which, in respect to the average concentration of pulp, may vary between 0,4 and 1,0 atm. gauge, for instanceO
In preparation for a testing operation, pressure fluid is supplied to the cylinder 9 so that its piston rod 11 moves upwards and at the same time the valves 26 and 38 are closed, but the valves 24 and 40 are opened, so `~
that the measuring vessel 39 is emptied. Hereby the cover plate 19 engages the underside of the strainer disc 20 in the sampling cylinder 7, and the two plates 19 and 20 form a solid piston which continues the upward movement as a unit. During this continued movement the member 29 engages the cover 30 and `~
lifts it against the action of the springs 33 into the upper position shown ~
in Figure 2, where the piston I9 and 20 is positioned at the upper end of the `
sampling cylinder 7. In this position the flow of pulp through the conduit 3 passes freely between the upper side of said piston and the underside of the cover 30. When a sample of pulp is to be withdrawn for determination of the beating degree, the supply of pressure liquid to the cylinder 9 is altered so that the piston rod 11, 18 with the cover plate 19 moves downward and the other movable parts also move downwards because of the force exerted by the springs 33 on the cover 30. ~hen the cover 30 has resumed the closing position shown in Figure l, a volume of pulp to be tested has been enclosed in the cylinder 7 between the piston 19 and 20 and the cover 30. Owing to the overpressure pre~ailing in the space between the member 29 and the cover 30 the member 29 and the strainer disc 20 are moved still further downwards, and thus the compressed water supplied hy the conduit 15 flows into the cylinder ? and acts upon the upper surface of the pulp column located therein. ~ -The strainer disc 20 is stopped in its lower end position described above, while the piston rod 11, 18 moves the cover plate 19 into contact with the bottom of the cylinder 7. When a space has thus been established below the strainer disc 20, water begins to escape from the pulp and the water flows ~_ .
~62499 through the pipe 23 down into the measuring vessel 39 and a fiber cake is getting deposited on the strainer disc 20. At a certain determined time the bottom valve 40 of the measuring vessel 39 is closed so that the water is collected in the measuring vessel 39 and after a determined point of time the draining ~alve 24 is closed. Then the vessel 39 contains the amount of water that has been drained off under the influence of a determined drop in pressure during the period of time in questionO As mentioned, the cooperating factors, ~ -~ .. . .
the pressure of the fluid, time of draining etc., may be determined such thatthe result is obtained in SR on the pressure meter 44.
When the draining valve 24 has been closed, the valve 26 in the thrust water conduit 27 and the valve 38 in the outlet conduit are opened to remove the pulp tested. Although not shown in the drawing, a pressure air conduit controlled by a valve may open into the water conduit 27 so that the washing or rinsing water is mixed with air bubbles before reaching the under-side of the strainer disc 20. Such a mixture of water and air has proved to effect a particularly efficient cleansing of the strainer. The washing is contlnued for~a determined period of time until the next tes~ing operationp when the described procedure is repeated.
,: .' '' .
If desired, the various valves in the apparatus except for the pressure reduction valve 16 may be controlled by a programming mechanism which initiates the desired operations at determined moments.
~, . .. .
As mentioned above, the sampling cylinder 7 may be releasably `
mounted in the ring 6, although the arrangement therefore is not shown. Such a mounting has the advantage that the entire apparatus can be removed f~r maintenance or repair without disturbingthe rmal operation of the plant7 as the opening in the ring 6 is kept closed by the cover 30.
As principally can be seen from Figure 3 and 4, the present invention relates to a method to form or get a filtering fiber cake of uni~
form thickness. In performing the method a sample of pulp, which is with-., .
':
" lO~Z499 drawn from a fibrous suspension flowing through a conduit, is treated by arotating flow of fluid. ~uring a s~irring and/or a dilution period in connection with the withdrawal of the sample said rotating flow o~ fluid has a pressure exceeding the pressure in the conduit. When the sample is with-drawn from the pulp flowing in the conduit, the pressure of the flow of fluid is lowered to a predetermined value adapted to the deposit process of the sample of pulp.
A suitable device for performing the method is illustrated in the Figure 3 and 4. Said device corresponds on the whole with the known appara-tus, illustrated in the Figure 1 and 2, and therefore only that part isincluded which directly concerns the present invention. As can be seen from the drawings the most essential difference is the supply of the flow of fluid. In the embodiment illustrated said flow is supplied either through a conduit S0 or through a conduit 51. The supply of a flow of fluid, for instance water under pressure (thrust water), occurs when teh concentration of the pulp flowing through the conduit 50 maintains a value which is below approx. 4%. The conduit 50 ends in a nozzle S2, which opens tangentially into ; an annular space 35 located outside the upper part of the cylinder 7. Said ~!
~ space 35 communicates in its turn with the interior of the cyIinder 7 by an opening 54, extending around an upper edge S3 of the cylinder 7. The opening of the nozzle S2 has a diameter of approx. 3-4 mm.
When the pulp flowing in the conduit 3 ha~ a concentration exceed-ing approx. 4%, supply of thrust water takes place through the conduit Sl, which communicates with an annular channel 55 located around the cylinder 7 at its upper part and just below the annular space 35. The channel 55 commun-icates wlth the interior of the cylinder 7 by a number of and in this embodi- ~, ment 6iX essentially tangential mouths or no~zles 56 extending through the cylinder wall. In this embodiment the diameter of the nozzles 56 is approx.
2-3 ~m. In testing operations where the concentration of the pulp exceeds ` 1062499 ~
approx 4~ bhe cover 30 is lowered slower than what is the case in the known apparatus illustrated in the figures 1 and 2, so that a desired dilution and - ;
stirring of the sample can take place in the cylinder 7 before the cover 30 has been completely closed. The cover 30 is by a piston rod 57 connected to the strainer disc 20. The piston rod 57 consists of two into each other telescopically displaceable parts, said parts are actuated in a direction from each other by a screw spring 58 operating between said par~s after com- -pressing of the two parts into each other a certain distance. Hereby an effective seal of the periphery of the strainer disc 20 is obtained against an annular stop flange 59 projecting from the cylinder wall and close to the bottom of the cylinder when said disc 20 is in its lower end position in the cylinder 7.
The beati~g degree meter described above operates mainly in the i;
same way as the known apparatus illustrated in the Figures 1 and 2. The conduits 50 and 51 are also provided with valves for controlling the pressure ;i of the thrust water. At the testing operation a stabilization of the fiber ~
. . ::
cake occurs, in conformity with what already is described above about the known apparatus, after the withdrawal of the sample and before the real measurement is started by allowing water to pass through the fiber cake during a certain period of time after that the fiber cake has got deposited onto the strainer disc 20, ~ uring re~oval of the pulp tested the conduits 50 and 51 are used besides the thrust water conduit 27 connected to the bottom of the cylinder, through which conduits water is supplied at a highest pressure so that an effective removal of pulp tested is attained. Owing to a tray formation 60 of the under side of the oover 30, said formation 60 extending around the `
periphery of the oo~er close to its outer edge the removal of pulp tested is '~.
further supported. ~`~
Although there has been described a preferred embodiment of this ,, ,: ,, _g_ .:
~ 106Z499 novel invention9 many variations and modifications will now be apparent to those s~illed in the art. Therefore, this invention is to be limited~ not by the specific disclosure herein~ but only by the appending claims. ~ `
. :
,''''' ' ;,.
.,,, . :
'".':" ~, --10-- ;. . .:.
;,~ . .
approx 4~ bhe cover 30 is lowered slower than what is the case in the known apparatus illustrated in the figures 1 and 2, so that a desired dilution and - ;
stirring of the sample can take place in the cylinder 7 before the cover 30 has been completely closed. The cover 30 is by a piston rod 57 connected to the strainer disc 20. The piston rod 57 consists of two into each other telescopically displaceable parts, said parts are actuated in a direction from each other by a screw spring 58 operating between said par~s after com- -pressing of the two parts into each other a certain distance. Hereby an effective seal of the periphery of the strainer disc 20 is obtained against an annular stop flange 59 projecting from the cylinder wall and close to the bottom of the cylinder when said disc 20 is in its lower end position in the cylinder 7.
The beati~g degree meter described above operates mainly in the i;
same way as the known apparatus illustrated in the Figures 1 and 2. The conduits 50 and 51 are also provided with valves for controlling the pressure ;i of the thrust water. At the testing operation a stabilization of the fiber ~
. . ::
cake occurs, in conformity with what already is described above about the known apparatus, after the withdrawal of the sample and before the real measurement is started by allowing water to pass through the fiber cake during a certain period of time after that the fiber cake has got deposited onto the strainer disc 20, ~ uring re~oval of the pulp tested the conduits 50 and 51 are used besides the thrust water conduit 27 connected to the bottom of the cylinder, through which conduits water is supplied at a highest pressure so that an effective removal of pulp tested is attained. Owing to a tray formation 60 of the under side of the oover 30, said formation 60 extending around the `
periphery of the oo~er close to its outer edge the removal of pulp tested is '~.
further supported. ~`~
Although there has been described a preferred embodiment of this ,, ,: ,, _g_ .:
~ 106Z499 novel invention9 many variations and modifications will now be apparent to those s~illed in the art. Therefore, this invention is to be limited~ not by the specific disclosure herein~ but only by the appending claims. ~ `
. :
,''''' ' ;,.
.,,, . :
'".':" ~, --10-- ;. . .:.
;,~ . .
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method utilizing a porous strainer disc for forming a fiber cake from a sample of a fibrous suspension, comprising the steps of: withdrawing a sample of a fibrous suspension from a conduit through which said suspension flows and introducing said suspension into a sampling vessel containing the disc so that the suspension enters on one side of the disc; introducing a fluid into said vessel and on the same side of said disc at a first pressure greater than the pressure of said suspension flowing through said conduit as said suspension is being introduced into said vessel, said fluid being introduced into said vessel in a direction which is substantially tangential to the wall of the vessel to cause rotation of said suspension about the longitudinal axis of said vessel to form a fiber cake of even density upon said disc; draining the fluids from the vessel; introducing said fluid into said vessel at a second predetermined pressure, which is lower than said first pressure, upon the fiber cake formed upon said disc in said vessel; measuring the rate of flow of fluid per unit time through the fiber cake to determine the degree of beating of the pulp flowing through the conduit.
2. Apparatus for forming a pulp cake from a sample of a fibrous suspen-sion flowing through a conduit, said apparatus comprising: a sampling cylinder connected to said conduit and containing a straining disc on which said pulp cake is to be formed, said sampling cylinder being closed at a first end and open at a second end, said second end is connected to a corresponding opening in said conduit; means for introducing a sample of said suspension flowing through said conduit into said sampling cylinder; means for causing said suspension to flow through said straining disc so as to form a pulp cake thereon; at least one valve controlled conduit for introducing a fluid under pressure into said cylinder in a direction which is substantially tangential to wall of the sampling cylinder to cause rotation of said suspension about the longitudinal axis of said cylinder as said suspension is introduced into said cylinder whereby a pulp cake of substantially uniform density is caused to form on said straining disc.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2 including an annular space formed in said apparatus and located outside the upper part of said cylinder, said annular space communicating with the interior of said cylinder via an opening extending around an upper edge of said cylinder and formed in said apparatus, said apparatus further including a fluid pressure conduit terminating in a nozzle extending into said annular space and having an outlet opening arranged to emit fluid therefrom in a direction substantially tangential to the cylinder wall.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said at least one valve controlled conduit comprises a fluid pressure conduit communicating with an annular channel formed in said apparatus and located around the upper portion of the sampling cylinder and just below said annular space, said channel communicating with the interior of the cylinder by a number of essentially tangentially aligned mouths or nozzles extending through the cylinder wall.
5. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said sample introducing means comprises a cover plate and piston means for moving said cover plate between a first position sealing the opening between said conduit and the sampling cylinder and a second position displaced from the opening; spring means positioned between said cover plate and said strainer disc whereby said strainer disc, upon which a fiber cake is to be formed, is spring actuated towards its lower end position in said cylinder in sealing engagement with an annular stop flange projection from an interior cylinder wall close to the bottom of said cylinder.
6. Apparatus according to claim 2 including means for introducing fluid under pressure into said cylinder via said at least one valve controlled conduit at a first pressure greater than the pressure of said suspension flowing through said conduit as said suspension is being introduced into said cylinder and at a second, predetermined pressure which is lower than said first pressure a predetermined time after said suspension has been introduced into said cylinder.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7504129A SE384269B (en) | 1975-04-10 | 1975-04-10 | APPLY THAT WHEN AN APPARATUS FOR DETERMINATION OF THE MOLDING DEGREE OF A FIBER SUSPENSION THROUGH A PIPE PIPE SUSPENSED FROM A SAMPLE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1062499A true CA1062499A (en) | 1979-09-18 |
Family
ID=20324237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA249,326A Expired CA1062499A (en) | 1975-04-10 | 1976-03-31 | Method and a device for forming a filtering fiber cake in an apparatus for measuring the beating degree of pulp flowing through a conduit |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4053354A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS51130302A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7601968A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1062499A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2612598A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI57664C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2307263A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1502568A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE384269B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2910690A1 (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1980-10-02 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | DEVICE FOR HOLDING GAS-COOLED FUEL ELEMENTS OF CORE REACTORS |
| SE433537B (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1984-05-28 | Innomatic Ab | DEVICE FOR META PARTICLE SIZE OF A SUSPENSION |
| SE436602B (en) * | 1983-05-11 | 1985-01-07 | Kaelle Eur Control | PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE DRAINAGE CHARACTERISTICS THROUGH A PIPE CIRCULATING SUSPENSION, IN PARTICULAR FIBER SUSPENSION |
| US4887639A (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1989-12-19 | Graco Inc. | Non-degrading pressure regulator |
| US5625157A (en) * | 1995-12-15 | 1997-04-29 | Kajaani Elektroniikka Oy | Device for taking a filtrate sample from slush pulp |
| US7121338B2 (en) | 2004-01-27 | 2006-10-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc | Probe isolation seal pad |
| EP2432969B1 (en) | 2009-05-20 | 2018-06-20 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Formation tester pad |
| CN103091477A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-05-08 | 成都瀚江新型建筑材料有限公司 | Method for determining beating degree of superfine glass micro-fibers |
| FI127895B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-05-15 | Valmet Automation Oy | Apparatus and method for measuring suspension and controlling process of suspension |
| CN106706889A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-24 | 上海挚维新材料科技有限公司 | Method for measuring strength of glass microfiber with centrifugation process |
| CN109443844B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2024-04-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Ore pulp sampling and iron grade signal acquisition device and method |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1043669B (en) | 1956-02-22 | 1958-11-13 | Waldhof Zellstoff Fab | Method and device for continuous testing of the freeness of paper stock |
| US2970468A (en) | 1956-12-27 | 1961-02-07 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Cell for testing hydrocarbon fuel |
| DE1058281B (en) | 1958-06-18 | 1959-05-27 | Feldmuehle Papier Und Zellstof | Method and device for determining the freeness in a pulp suspension suitable for the production of paper or cardboard |
| US3110172A (en) * | 1961-03-06 | 1963-11-12 | Process & Steam Specialties In | Consistancy and freeness measuring and regulating apparatus for thin stock pulp and paper |
| US3186215A (en) * | 1961-03-06 | 1965-06-01 | Bolton John W & Sons Inc | Freeness testing apparatus and method |
| US3538749A (en) * | 1969-03-06 | 1970-11-10 | Bolton Emerson | Control for freeness tester |
| US3611789A (en) * | 1969-11-10 | 1971-10-12 | Kasimir Lopas | Rotary motion consistency meter |
| SE342325B (en) * | 1970-06-17 | 1972-01-31 | Kaelle Regulatorer Ab |
-
1975
- 1975-04-10 SE SE7504129A patent/SE384269B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-03-25 FI FI760816A patent/FI57664C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-25 DE DE19762612598 patent/DE2612598A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-03-26 GB GB12343/76A patent/GB1502568A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-29 US US05/671,404 patent/US4053354A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-03-31 CA CA249,326A patent/CA1062499A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-31 BR BR7601968A patent/BR7601968A/en unknown
- 1976-04-05 FR FR7609799A patent/FR2307263A1/en active Granted
- 1976-04-10 JP JP51040830A patent/JPS51130302A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI760816A (en) | 1976-10-11 |
| BR7601968A (en) | 1976-10-05 |
| DE2612598A1 (en) | 1976-10-21 |
| FI57664B (en) | 1980-05-30 |
| FR2307263A1 (en) | 1976-11-05 |
| FR2307263B1 (en) | 1980-07-11 |
| SE384269B (en) | 1976-04-26 |
| US4053354A (en) | 1977-10-11 |
| JPS51130302A (en) | 1976-11-12 |
| GB1502568A (en) | 1978-03-01 |
| FI57664C (en) | 1980-09-10 |
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