SU1578593A1 - Device for determining filtering characteristics of fibrous and porous materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is used to investigate filtration in porous, in particular, drainage, materials. The purpose of the invention is to determine the filtration along and across the fibers of a material in one technological cycle. The device comprises a cylindrical body, divided by the support plate 4 into the upper 1 and lower 2 parts. The support plate 4 is equipped with piezometers P 3 ... P 8, an axial hole and perforations of the middle part are made in it. In the upper part of the housing 1 there is a plug 10, connected by means of a rod and sleeve 11 to a loading plate 12. The plate 12 is mounted on support rods 14, on which a clamping plate 15 is fixed, coaxially of which is a sealing ring 16. A cylindrical nozzle is placed 8, equipped with a flare nut 21 with gland packing 22, a plug 6 fixed to a rod 7, the shank of which is connected to a screw drive in a nozzle 8, a fitting 9 for supplying water. 1 il.

Description

The invention can be used to study filtration, in particular, drainage materials.

The aim of the invention is to increase the information content by determining the filtration properties of materials additionally along the fibers during one technical cycle on one sample.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed device.

The device is made of stainless metal. Between the upper 1 and lower 2 parts of the body, connected by a flange connection, there is a rubber sealing ring 3. In the peripheral part of the support plate 4, rigidly connected to the upper part of the body 1, piezometers are installed, which are connected with fittings 5 by a flexible hose, fixed to the top of the housing J.

In the lower part of the housing 2, there is a plug 6 fixed to the rod 7, the shank of which is connected to the screw drive in the pipe 8 and located in the latter with the formation of an annular gap that is connected to the fitting 9 for supplying water.

The upper plug 10 is connected by means of a rod and sleeve 11 to a cargo plate 12, to which pressure from the load is transmitted by means of a lever system 13. The plate 12 is mounted on the support rods 14, on which the pressure plate 15 is fixed, coaxially of which is a sealing ring 16 fixed to the supporting rods x 17, the upper ends of which are freely located in the guide holes in the plate 12. The device is equipped with indicator heads 18, fittings 19 for connecting piezometers and fitting 20 for collecting water. The cylindrical nozzle 8 is equipped with a cap nut 21 with a stuffing box gasket 22.

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five

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five

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The device works as follows.

When determining the filtration coefficient of the material across the fibers, the sample under examination is placed under water on the supporting plate 4. Under the sealing rods 17, the sealing ring 16 is installed on the sample, and then the upper pressure plate 15 is mounted using the supporting rods 14. 17, the rods are mounted on the load plate 12. The upper cap 10 is fixed with the rod and the guide sleeve 11 in the upper extreme position, and the lower cap 6 with the rod 7 The screw drive is fixed in the lowest position. An indicator head 18 is placed in working position. Thereafter, a load is applied to the load plate 12 by means of a lever system 13 and a system for supplying water is connected to a fitting 9. The device is ready for operation. Then the adjustment of the valves on the fittings 9 and 20 at the inlet and outlet create the necessary pressure gradient. Water from the water supply system under pressure flows through the fitting 9, which is connected to the annular gap in the nozzle 8, in the lower part 2 of the device. Further, the movement of water at a given pressure gradient occurs through the central perforated part of the plates 4 and 5 along the perforation ropes, filtering across the fibers of the sample under study.

The hydraulic head loss of 3 N Ht - II2 in the sample is determined by piezometers II f and Pg, the volume of the filtered water is volumetric at the outlet of fitting 9, and the thickness of the sample is measured by the indicator head 18. Having determined the volume of the filtered

water W, calculate the coefficient of flltracic of the sample across the fibers.

After determining the filtration coefficients across the fibers, the plates 6 are pressed against the top and bottom and the pickup ring 16 is lifted. In this case, water is supplied to the sample by means of a rod 7, receiving water by a perforated working part, through a hole made in the center of the support plate 4 , and filters along the fibers of the material in the radial direction from the center of the sample.

The volume of water filtered through the sample is measured by the volumetric method, as indicated by piezometer P.

H

 determine the pressure H

3

3

YU

Then, a new load is applied to the sample using the lever system J3 and the filtration coefficients are determined along and across the fibers with a new pressure on the pattern.

 . " 15

20

6

the scheme

but in reverse

TO

cm / s (1)

zets in the same order.

According to the results of measuring the Cavlepi in piezometers P ,, and P2 H and H, the volume of water W filtered through the sample during time t, and the thickness of the sample tT, the filtration coefficient across the fibers is determined by the formula

(HT

where and) is the working area of the sample, equal to the area of the central perforated part of the working plate;

Q - temperature coefficient. Having determined the sample filtration coefficient across the fibers, with the same load on the sample, the filtration coefficient along the fibers is determined. According to the results of measuring the pressure H3 ..., H in piezometers and the volume of water W filtered through time t, the filtration coefficient of the material along the fibers is determined by the formula

TO

2

W-iS / rc cm / s (2)

t. .iHjlH l.l.iHjCHil.l.iHriHjI.,

four

where rk and rt are the distance from the center

sample to piezometers P and P j, respectively.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for determining the filtration characteristics of fibrous-porous materials, comprising a cylindrical body, the internal cavity of which is divided by a transverse support plate into two cavities: the upper one, which is provided with a removable pressure plate connected to the load plate of the loading mechanism, and the lower one connected to a source of liquid and supplied Piezometers, characterized in that, in order to reduce labor intensity, the central part of the plates is perforated; in the support plate, the component Tehred M.Did Editor A.Lezhnina an axial bore is filled, the piezometers are placed in the peripheral part of the support plate and installed at different distances from its axis, the upper cavity is provided with a disk plug that overlaps the perforated part of the plates and is fixed on the cargo plate with the possibility of axial movement and fixation, as well as an o-ring, fixed around the pressure plate with the possibility of axial movement, the lower cavity is provided with a disk plug covering the perforated part of the plate and located at the end of additionally inserted hollow perforated rod with an inner diameter equal to the diameter of the hole in the support plate connected along the axis of the housing with a screw drive. Proofreader E. Lonchakova