CA1047673A - Composite diaphragm material comprising halogenated and sulfonated styrene divinyl benzene copolymer - Google Patents
Composite diaphragm material comprising halogenated and sulfonated styrene divinyl benzene copolymerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1047673A CA1047673A CA247,077A CA247077A CA1047673A CA 1047673 A CA1047673 A CA 1047673A CA 247077 A CA247077 A CA 247077A CA 1047673 A CA1047673 A CA 1047673A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- styrene
- copolymer
- asbestos
- divinyl benzene
- diaphragm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000000188 diaphragm Anatomy 0.000 description 48
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229960005419 nitrogen Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUMXHEUHHRTBQT-AATRIKPKSA-N 2,4-dimethoxy-1-[(e)-2-nitroethenyl]benzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(\C=C\[N+]([O-])=O)C(OC)=C1 NUMXHEUHHRTBQT-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPYQFIISZQCINN-QVXDJYSKSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2r,3e,4s,5r)-3-(fluoromethylidene)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1C(=C/F)/[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 XPYQFIISZQCINN-QVXDJYSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052620 chrysotile Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CWBIFDGMOSWLRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;hydroxy(trioxido)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] CWBIFDGMOSWLRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
- C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
- C25B13/05—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on inorganic materials
- C25B13/06—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on inorganic materials based on asbestos
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT2098975A IT1033473B (it) | 1975-03-06 | 1975-03-06 | Materiale composito per diaframma e procedimento per ottenerlo |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1047673A true CA1047673A (en) | 1979-01-30 |
Family
ID=11175038
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA247,077A Expired CA1047673A (en) | 1975-03-06 | 1976-03-04 | Composite diaphragm material comprising halogenated and sulfonated styrene divinyl benzene copolymer |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4020235A (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JPS597797B2 (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE839110A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1047673A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2609175A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2303045A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1497234A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1033473B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1033473B (it) * | 1975-03-06 | 1979-07-10 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti | Materiale composito per diaframma e procedimento per ottenerlo |
| DE2938069A1 (de) * | 1979-09-20 | 1981-04-02 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Asbestdiaphragmen fuer elektrochemische zellen und deren herstellung |
| US4341596A (en) * | 1980-10-14 | 1982-07-27 | Fmc Corporation | Method of preparing reinforced asbestos diaphragms for chlorine-caustic cells |
| IT1173446B (it) * | 1984-03-16 | 1987-06-24 | Milano Politecnico | Diaframmi compositi per l'elettrolisi alcalina dell'acqua |
| US5152882A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-10-06 | Rosemount Inc. | Integral hydrolysis layer junction |
| US5686056A (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1997-11-11 | Bechtel Group, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for purifying hydrogen sulfide |
| US8079269B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2011-12-20 | Rosemount Inc. | Electrostatic pressure sensor with porous dielectric diaphragm |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2730768A (en) * | 1951-12-05 | 1956-01-17 | Ionics | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes and the like |
| US3256250A (en) * | 1961-09-26 | 1966-06-14 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Sulfonated ion exchange resin having an electronegative no2 substituent |
| US3291632A (en) * | 1963-09-16 | 1966-12-13 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of preparing a membrane of divinyl benzene, styrene and maleic anhydride |
| JPS5140556B2 (enExample) * | 1971-11-26 | 1976-11-04 | ||
| US3887499A (en) * | 1971-12-06 | 1975-06-03 | Ionics | Cation exchange membranes having carboxylic and sulfonic acid functionality |
| JPS5839928B2 (ja) * | 1974-07-11 | 1983-09-02 | 東レ株式会社 | タンセンイソクノ セイゾウホウホウ |
| IT1033473B (it) * | 1975-03-06 | 1979-07-10 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti | Materiale composito per diaframma e procedimento per ottenerlo |
-
1975
- 1975-03-06 IT IT2098975A patent/IT1033473B/it active
- 1975-05-07 US US05/575,415 patent/US4020235A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-01-27 JP JP51007226A patent/JPS597797B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1976-02-11 FR FR7603721A patent/FR2303045A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-03-02 BE BE164790A patent/BE839110A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-04 CA CA247,077A patent/CA1047673A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-05 DE DE19762609175 patent/DE2609175A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1976-03-08 GB GB913876A patent/GB1497234A/en not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-03-06 JP JP2741780A patent/JPS55148780A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE839110A (fr) | 1976-07-01 |
| JPS51104482A (enExample) | 1976-09-16 |
| IT1033473B (it) | 1979-07-10 |
| DE2609175A1 (de) | 1976-09-16 |
| JPS597797B2 (ja) | 1984-02-21 |
| FR2303045B1 (enExample) | 1980-09-26 |
| US4020235A (en) | 1977-04-26 |
| FR2303045A1 (fr) | 1976-10-01 |
| GB1497234A (en) | 1978-01-05 |
| JPS55148780A (en) | 1980-11-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4186076A (en) | Composite diaphragms | |
| KR850000052B1 (ko) | 불소화 혼성막 | |
| CA1056768A (en) | Coating metal anodes to decrease consumption rates | |
| US4123336A (en) | Process for electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal halide solution | |
| US4270996A (en) | Cation exchange membrane of fluorinated polymer for electrolysis and electrolysis using the membrane | |
| US4124471A (en) | Controlling silica sol particle size | |
| US4147605A (en) | Method of producing sols by electrodialysis | |
| PL88547B1 (enExample) | ||
| CA1047673A (en) | Composite diaphragm material comprising halogenated and sulfonated styrene divinyl benzene copolymer | |
| US4539085A (en) | Porous diaphragm for electrolytic cell | |
| US4065534A (en) | Method of providing a resin reinforced asbestos diaphragm | |
| US4279879A (en) | Silica gel | |
| EP0545068A2 (en) | Wetting of diaphragms | |
| US4547411A (en) | Process for preparing ion-exchange membranes | |
| US3057794A (en) | Electrolytic cell diaphragm | |
| US4203822A (en) | Method of producing sols by electrodialysis | |
| US4387008A (en) | Electrodialytic method for production of silica gel | |
| US4253923A (en) | Electrolytic process for producing potassium hydroxide | |
| US4056447A (en) | Electrolyzing alkali metal chlorides using resin bonded asbestos diaphragm | |
| US4752369A (en) | Electrochemical cell with improved energy efficiency | |
| US4070257A (en) | Electrolytic process using novel diaphragm | |
| US4204938A (en) | Method of making porous plastic diaphragms and the resulting novel diaphragms | |
| US4186065A (en) | Method of preparing a resin-containing asbestos diaphragm | |
| US4233122A (en) | Electrolytic process for potassium hydroxide | |
| US3320141A (en) | Electrolytic process of making ternary sulfonium hydroxides |