CA1038561A - Process for coating fibers, threads and sheets - Google Patents
Process for coating fibers, threads and sheetsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1038561A CA1038561A CA200,255A CA200255A CA1038561A CA 1038561 A CA1038561 A CA 1038561A CA 200255 A CA200255 A CA 200255A CA 1038561 A CA1038561 A CA 1038561A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- threads
- foamed
- process according
- liquid system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
- D06B19/0088—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor
- D06B19/0094—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor as a foam
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
- D06B1/08—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating from outlets being in, or almost in, contact with the textile material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
- D06B1/10—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material
- D06B1/14—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material with a roller
- D06B1/145—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material with a roller the treating material being kept in the trough formed between two or more rollers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure This invention relates to a process for applying a thin layer of liquid systems to fibers, threads or sheets which are moved uniformly in a linear direction which comprises continuously foaming the liquid system and bringing the threads, fibers or sheets into contact with the foamed system by a one-way process.
Description
~38~
~his invention relates to a process for applying a thi~
layer of liquid system~ to fibres, threads or sheets which are moved uni~ormly in a linear direction.
The main purpose o~ coating fibres with spining pre-parations is to re~der the thread~ more easily slidable. In addition, the cQating fre4uently serves as an antistatic a~ent.
Furthermore, these coatings load the ~ibres with controlled quantities of water. For these reasons~ the coating substances used are almost inevitably oil - in - water emulsions.
The conventional app~ication processes for this type of emulsion are so designed that the threads move past a rotating porous roller and touch it tangentially~ The roller dips in-to a vat containing the e~ulsion and thus transfers the emulsion to the threads by its rotation. The quantity o~ emulsion trans~erred to the t~reads may be controlled by the speed o~
rotation of the rollers. The emulsion in the va~ i~ con-tinuou~ly r~placed by pumping.
~owever, when employing these methods of application, the quantity and qualit~ o~ emulsion applied ~arie~. ~hi~ i~ due to the fact that the roller applies the emulsion o~ly on one side o~ the fibre ~o that a uni~orm covering of the whole sur~ace cannot be ensured. FurtherGore, the properties of the surface of the roller change in the course of time, e.g signs ~ we~r appear. Al o, the properties of the emulsion change, e g. due to bacterial action.
The above - described fluctuations in the application of oil result in variation~ in the friction produced when the threads are stretc,hed.l~tretching fault~ therefore appear which résult in variation3 in the sltre~gth o~ the fibre~. In extreme cases, the thread~ may break Var1atlone in the a~lount o~ water ta~en up result ln variation~ in the dyeing properties o~ th~
~ -A
, , ~- - ,,. :
fibres. ~ 1~61 It is an object of this invention to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages and difficulties.
It has now been found that emulsions and dressings or, "liquid sys~
tems" in general, may be applied uniformly and in controllable quantities to fibres, threads or sheets, moved in a linear direction, if these liquid systems are applied in the form of a foam.
This invention therefore relates to a process for the application of a liquid system to a substrate comprising fibres, threads or sheets, which `~
process comprises continuously foaming a defined quantity of the liquid system per unit time by introducing into the liquid system a controlled quantity of gas and moving the substrate linearly at a substantially uniform speed through the foamed liquid so as to apply the foamed liquid to said substrate quantitive- ~ ;
ly and in a substantially uniform layer having a thickness of rom 0.01 to 100 The invention also provides apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention, which apparatus comprises container means for the liquid sys- `
tem, gas inlet means communicating the container means and adapted to permit introduction of a controlled quantity of gas into the liquid system to create ;~
a defined quantity of foamed liquid per unit time, and means for moving the substrate at a substantially uniform speed through the foamed liquid so as to apply a substantially uniform layer of the foamed liquid to the substrate having a thickness of from 0.01 to 100 ~.
The liquid system, e.g. an emulsion, may be foamed by physical means, e.g. by containing the liquid-over a frit e.g. glass frit or capillary system, and then blowing gas, e.g. air or nitrogen~ through the frit thus forming a foam. The foam is the applied to the fibres or threads by passing them through the cushion of foam which builds up.
The quantity of the liquid system required per unit time to apply a layer of the desired thickness is introduced into the foaming chamber; the liquid 30 level, (liquid/~oam interface), in the foaming part of the apparatus may be ~ `~
maintained by controlling the quantity of gas admitted.
The liquid inlet is connected to a storage vessel which may be raised ~-
~his invention relates to a process for applying a thi~
layer of liquid system~ to fibres, threads or sheets which are moved uni~ormly in a linear direction.
The main purpose o~ coating fibres with spining pre-parations is to re~der the thread~ more easily slidable. In addition, the cQating fre4uently serves as an antistatic a~ent.
Furthermore, these coatings load the ~ibres with controlled quantities of water. For these reasons~ the coating substances used are almost inevitably oil - in - water emulsions.
The conventional app~ication processes for this type of emulsion are so designed that the threads move past a rotating porous roller and touch it tangentially~ The roller dips in-to a vat containing the e~ulsion and thus transfers the emulsion to the threads by its rotation. The quantity o~ emulsion trans~erred to the t~reads may be controlled by the speed o~
rotation of the rollers. The emulsion in the va~ i~ con-tinuou~ly r~placed by pumping.
~owever, when employing these methods of application, the quantity and qualit~ o~ emulsion applied ~arie~. ~hi~ i~ due to the fact that the roller applies the emulsion o~ly on one side o~ the fibre ~o that a uni~orm covering of the whole sur~ace cannot be ensured. FurtherGore, the properties of the surface of the roller change in the course of time, e.g signs ~ we~r appear. Al o, the properties of the emulsion change, e g. due to bacterial action.
The above - described fluctuations in the application of oil result in variation~ in the friction produced when the threads are stretc,hed.l~tretching fault~ therefore appear which résult in variation3 in the sltre~gth o~ the fibre~. In extreme cases, the thread~ may break Var1atlone in the a~lount o~ water ta~en up result ln variation~ in the dyeing properties o~ th~
~ -A
, , ~- - ,,. :
fibres. ~ 1~61 It is an object of this invention to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages and difficulties.
It has now been found that emulsions and dressings or, "liquid sys~
tems" in general, may be applied uniformly and in controllable quantities to fibres, threads or sheets, moved in a linear direction, if these liquid systems are applied in the form of a foam.
This invention therefore relates to a process for the application of a liquid system to a substrate comprising fibres, threads or sheets, which `~
process comprises continuously foaming a defined quantity of the liquid system per unit time by introducing into the liquid system a controlled quantity of gas and moving the substrate linearly at a substantially uniform speed through the foamed liquid so as to apply the foamed liquid to said substrate quantitive- ~ ;
ly and in a substantially uniform layer having a thickness of rom 0.01 to 100 The invention also provides apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention, which apparatus comprises container means for the liquid sys- `
tem, gas inlet means communicating the container means and adapted to permit introduction of a controlled quantity of gas into the liquid system to create ;~
a defined quantity of foamed liquid per unit time, and means for moving the substrate at a substantially uniform speed through the foamed liquid so as to apply a substantially uniform layer of the foamed liquid to the substrate having a thickness of from 0.01 to 100 ~.
The liquid system, e.g. an emulsion, may be foamed by physical means, e.g. by containing the liquid-over a frit e.g. glass frit or capillary system, and then blowing gas, e.g. air or nitrogen~ through the frit thus forming a foam. The foam is the applied to the fibres or threads by passing them through the cushion of foam which builds up.
The quantity of the liquid system required per unit time to apply a layer of the desired thickness is introduced into the foaming chamber; the liquid 30 level, (liquid/~oam interface), in the foaming part of the apparatus may be ~ `~
maintained by controlling the quantity of gas admitted.
The liquid inlet is connected to a storage vessel which may be raised ~-
2-and lowered. The quantity of liquid fed into the foaming chamber may be regu-lated by raising the level in the storage vessel in relation to the liquid level -2a~
in the foaming chamber, In a continuously operated pracess. ~he level o~ liquid may be main~
tained bY dippi~3 two electrodes into the li~uid and connecting them to a volt-age source. When the required level is reached, a current flows between the two electrodes. If the li~uid drops below the required level, the circuit is broken and a pump is s0t into operation bY an electric switch. This pump continues to pump liquid into the storage vessel untll contact is re-establi~hed.
In thls waY, from 0,01 to 10%. by weight~ based on the mass of substrates~ of the foamed llquid system may be applled unlformlY, The thick- ~ ;~
ness of the laYer applied is preferablY ~rom 0,01 to 100 ~ more preforably from 0.01 to 10/u, The threads, fibres or sheets which maY be dressed by the present `~
process maY be either organic or inorganic, sYn~hetic or natural materials~
Thus~ for example~ fibres~ threads or sheets of polYamides, polyesters~ poly-acrylonitriles~ polYolefines~ carbon. glass~ asbestos or aluminium oxide may be successPull~ coated with numerous conventional preparations by the process ~;~
of the present invention, The preparations employed maY be, or example, lubricants, e~g. mineral, vegetable and animal oils~ na~ural and sYnthetic waxes or ester oils. ~alkyl es~ers of atty or dicarboxylic acids)l an~istatic 20 agentst e,g~ salts of partial esters of phosphoric acld with fatty alcohol polyglYcol ethers or alkyl phenol-polYglycol ethers as well as sulphuric acid esters of the above-mentloned ethYlene oxide adducts~ emulsi~iers, e,g, ethy-lene oxide adducts and/or propYlene oxide adducts of ~atty alcohols~ fatty aclds and fatty amines, wetting agents~ e,g, sulphosuccinic acid esters and also bactericides e~g, o-phenYl-phenol and p-chloro-m-cresol.
The process o~ ~he present in~ention has been found ~o be particular-ly suitable for the preparation of fibres and threads of polyamide-6. Accord- -ing to the present invention, spinning dressings maY be applied at p~ac~ lix any stage o~ the pracess of producing the polyamide-6 threads, depending on the 30 manu~acturing processes as or after-~reatment process as emploYed. Thus, the foamed dressing maY be applied e,gt immediately after the threads leaYe the spinning shaft~ or after theY ha~e been stretched~ or be~ore or after they ;
,~ .;~,, :~
A ~3~
`~ :
~l~3~3S6~
have been textured~ or after dYeing. or before or after twisting or winding.
In spite of the high speeds of these proc.esses, the liquid sYstems maY be applied uni~ormly and in the required quantities.
The present process is particularl~ sui~able for applYing ~oamed liquid sYStems. preferablY emulsions. to fibres or ~hreads immediatelY aEter they have been produced~ preferablv immediatel~ after leaving the spinnlng shaft.
In processes ~or producing polYamide-6 thrleads or Yarns, the foamed emulsion~ ~spinning dressing)~ is preferablY applied in quantities of from 0.5 to 6% bY weight. based on the~mass of substrate, In the drawings. which illustrate embodlments of the lnvention:
Figure 1 is a side view of an apparatus ~or carrYing out the process according to the invention;
Figure 2 ls a top plan view of the apparatus of Figure l;
Figure 3 shows a kransverse section o~ the apparatus vlewed in the direction of plpes, 6 and 7;
Figure 4 also shows a cross-section o the apparatus viewed in the direction of the two pipes~ 6 and 7, and lllustrates the application of foam to the threads~ 8; and Figures S and 6 show nnother embodlment of coating apparatus~
A practical embodiment of a coating apparatus which maY be emploYed , for this process is depicted in Figures 1 to 4. A liquid level of several centimetres is maintained above the frit, 5~ bY pumping fresh emulsion into the apparatus, Fresh liquid preparation maY be introduced int~ the foaming chamber. 2, through the inle~. 1. Air is blown through the frit from inlet~
4, Foam is ~ormed above the liquid level and ~orced~ under pressure. into the two pa~allel pipes, 6~ and 7, which may be movRd in relation to each other to some extent, The threads. 8, which are to be coated run between the ~wo pipes, `
6~ and 7. Each pipe contains a longitudinal slot, 9~ through which the foam is ~orced, A ~oam cushion is thereb~ formed between ~he two pipes and the threads which are to be coated ~un through this cushlon. The threads are therebY uniformly covered with emulsion. The supplY of foam maY be regulated ~4~
:1~3856~
so that the quantl~r o ~oam applied to the threads ls sxactlY the amount required for a satisactorY coating to be formed, The present process has the added advantage over conventlonal pro-cesses that this dressing process is a one waY process so that und*sirable slgns of ageing Q~ the emulsion~ which occur when the emulsions are applled bY
means of rollers, are obviated~
Therefore~ a ~urther ob~ect of this invention is to pTovide an appar-atus for applYing oamed liquids ~o threads, fibres and sheets. which are moved in a linear direction, whlch is characterised in tha~ a foaming chamber. 2, 10 which is provided with inlets for a blowing gas, 4~ and a liquid, l, and in ;
which a glass frlt, S has been inserted is conn0cted to two pipes. 6 and 7, which maY be adjusted parallel to each other and which have longitudinall~
extending slots, 3~ situated opposite each other~ The ad~ustment screws, 19 `~
and 20, are for regulating the length of the slots and the distance between the pipes 6 and 7 The rubber tubing, 3, enables the pipes. 6 and 7, to bo ad~usted relative to each other, Another practical embodiment of the coating apparatus for carrYing out the process according to the invention is represented in Figures 5 and 6 Storage vessel, lQ~ and foaming apparatus~ here form a unit~ being connect~
ed b~ waY o~ the inlet, 17, The liquid level in the storage vessel is main-`:
tained bY constantly pumping the emulsion in~o the vessel $rom pipe, 12~
: .
. - . .
~' ,`, .-' ~'.
~ -5-.. .. .. . .. . , . ~ . - . .. . .
~03~
excess emul~ion being dischareed through an overflow pipe, 13 Due to the constant head of liquid in the storage vessel, the foaming part of the apparatus is kept supplled with a constant quantity of emulsion which is foa~ed by the injection of blowing gas, 16, e.g. eir. The ~oam is continuously supplied to a slotted die, 14, where it i8 applled uniformly to the moving stream of threads, 15.
In order to obtain particularly uniform application, two units may be arranged side by side as depicted in Figure 6. This arrangement has the advantage that the foam has the same structure at every point of the outlet nozzle since each element of the foam must cover the same path from the moment of it~ formation until its application to the thread Therefore, another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the present process~ i.e. for applying foamed liquids to threads, fibres and sh~ets, which are moved in a linear directionp;which i9~ characterised in that it oonsists of a storage vessel, 10 which is equipped with a liquid supply, 12, and overflow pipe, 13~ and which forms a unit i with a foaming chamber, 11, by way of the inlet, 17, and the -~
foaming chamber, 11, which is connected to the inlet pipe, 16, for blowing gas by WAy of a frit~ 18~ and ends in a slot die~
l 14.
1 :
~h~ following ~cample~ are to further illus trate the inventior~ without limiting it.
~ ~ .
s1. :
,.
~ ~ 6 ,'', ~` ' '' ~
:
:
~L03856~ ~
Examples:
Threads emerging from ~pinning m~chines were dreesed wlth foamed oll-ln-water emulsions by the proce~s of the present invention.
ExamE~e 1:
Polyamide-6. Stretched titre dtex 1880/f 140.
Spinning draw-off rate 248 mjmin.
~Liquid~ emulsion consumption 750 ml/h Consumption of air for ~oaming 6.o l/h, under normal conditions.
After treatment, the dres~ed threads contained 3.2S %
water and 1.~4 %, by weight, oil. They could be wound-up readily and were very easily treated in a Rieter stretching and twisting machine, (no thread breakages). The ultimate tensile ~trength wa8 5 ~reQk kilométers high~r than that of thread~ which had been dre~ed by the roller method and treated in the 3ame manner (81 break kilometers ~ com~arsd with 76 break kilometers). ~he ;
quantity of threads o~ inferior quality wa3 only half that ob-tained in th~ comparison material, (0.8 % a~ comp~red with 105 Polyamide-6. Stretched titre llO0/f 63 Spinning draw-o~f rate 558 m/min (Liquld) emulsion consumption 480 ml/h.
,~ Con~umption of ~ir for ioaming 4.0 l/h under normal conditions.
The dressed threads, containing 2.1 % water and 0.9 ~%
oil, were stretch-textured by a process employing a stllling ch~mber. The ~liding characteristics of the threads were good.
Also, there was a distinct improvement in the uniformity of te~ture and dyeing over the comparison material treated by the ;1 .
roller ~ethodO
Poly~mide-6. Stretched titre dtex 22/f 5 Spinning draw-o~ rate 1000 m/min.
:- .. .
.--' :
~0385~
(Liquid) emulsion consumption 190 ml/h.
Consumption of air for foaming 1.5 l/h~ under normal conditions.
~he dreqsed threads contained 3.1 ~ water and 1.2 ~ oil.
The material was stretched and then friction-textured by the false twisting process. The uniformity of the crimp and dyeing obtained was better th~n in the corresponding comparison material which had been dressed by the roller method.
ExamPle 4:
Polyamide-6. A fixed fibre band with a titre o~ dtex 106 was after-treated with a brightening agent by the proeess described.
The band was moved at a rate of 80 m per minute. ~he con~
~umption of emulsion was 4.8 1 of liquid per hour; the quantity of air consumed was 38 1 per hour, under normal conditions.
The application was more uniform than that obtained by the conventional spraying method. A particular advantage of the foam application method was found to be the lower water content of the fibre band.
Polyamide-6.6. Stretched titre dtex 44/f 9.
Spinning draw-off rate 1400 m/min.
(Liquid) emulsion consumption 630 ml/h.
Consumption o~ air for ioaming 5.0 l/h~ under normal conditionæ.
The dressed th~eads contained 3.4 ~ water and 1.52 ~ oil.
The stretching yield w~9 considerably higher ~by a factor of appro~imately 3) 9 and the physical properties over the length o~ the threads was more uniform than in the comparison material which had been dressed by the roller method. Furthermore, a knitted s~mple was found to be more uniform in colour.
-30 Polyethylene terephthalate. Stretc~ed titre dtex 167/f 34.
Spinnlng draw-oif rate 1100 m/minO
(Liquid) e~ulslon oon~u~pti~n 170 ml/h.
. , ,. . . ,, , ., : .
103~56~
Consumption of air for foaming 1,4) l/h, under normal oonditions.
The dressed threads, ¢ontaining 0.9 ~ oil~ were stretch-textured by the false twisting proces~" The threads were more smooth-running and the fluctuations in bulging were less than in the case of the comparison material whlch had been dressed by the roller method.
Polyamide-6. Stretched titre dte~ 1880/f 140.
Spinning draw-off rate 284 m/min.
10 (Liquid) emulsion consumption 500 ml/h.
'~ Consumption of air ~or foaming 3.5 l/h, under normal conditions.
~he dressed threads~ containing 2.2 % water and 1.0 %, by weight~ oil, could easily be wound and were suit~ble ~or ~urther ! treatment in a Hieter stretch twisting machine, (no thread , . . .
! 15 breakages). The ultimate tensile strength was 5 Rkm aboYe that ~;~ of threads which had been dressed by the roller method. The ;~
., .
'~ quantity of inferior qualitr threads wa~ only about half that obtained in the oomparison material, ~0.8 % as compared with 1.5 %).
,,, ,'~ .
!
~ .
., :
i .~....
!
.:1 ~ . .
,A.. ~
;,~';
. ~ :
., ~ . ' !
',.,
in the foaming chamber, In a continuously operated pracess. ~he level o~ liquid may be main~
tained bY dippi~3 two electrodes into the li~uid and connecting them to a volt-age source. When the required level is reached, a current flows between the two electrodes. If the li~uid drops below the required level, the circuit is broken and a pump is s0t into operation bY an electric switch. This pump continues to pump liquid into the storage vessel untll contact is re-establi~hed.
In thls waY, from 0,01 to 10%. by weight~ based on the mass of substrates~ of the foamed llquid system may be applled unlformlY, The thick- ~ ;~
ness of the laYer applied is preferablY ~rom 0,01 to 100 ~ more preforably from 0.01 to 10/u, The threads, fibres or sheets which maY be dressed by the present `~
process maY be either organic or inorganic, sYn~hetic or natural materials~
Thus~ for example~ fibres~ threads or sheets of polYamides, polyesters~ poly-acrylonitriles~ polYolefines~ carbon. glass~ asbestos or aluminium oxide may be successPull~ coated with numerous conventional preparations by the process ~;~
of the present invention, The preparations employed maY be, or example, lubricants, e~g. mineral, vegetable and animal oils~ na~ural and sYnthetic waxes or ester oils. ~alkyl es~ers of atty or dicarboxylic acids)l an~istatic 20 agentst e,g~ salts of partial esters of phosphoric acld with fatty alcohol polyglYcol ethers or alkyl phenol-polYglycol ethers as well as sulphuric acid esters of the above-mentloned ethYlene oxide adducts~ emulsi~iers, e,g, ethy-lene oxide adducts and/or propYlene oxide adducts of ~atty alcohols~ fatty aclds and fatty amines, wetting agents~ e,g, sulphosuccinic acid esters and also bactericides e~g, o-phenYl-phenol and p-chloro-m-cresol.
The process o~ ~he present in~ention has been found ~o be particular-ly suitable for the preparation of fibres and threads of polyamide-6. Accord- -ing to the present invention, spinning dressings maY be applied at p~ac~ lix any stage o~ the pracess of producing the polyamide-6 threads, depending on the 30 manu~acturing processes as or after-~reatment process as emploYed. Thus, the foamed dressing maY be applied e,gt immediately after the threads leaYe the spinning shaft~ or after theY ha~e been stretched~ or be~ore or after they ;
,~ .;~,, :~
A ~3~
`~ :
~l~3~3S6~
have been textured~ or after dYeing. or before or after twisting or winding.
In spite of the high speeds of these proc.esses, the liquid sYstems maY be applied uni~ormly and in the required quantities.
The present process is particularl~ sui~able for applYing ~oamed liquid sYStems. preferablY emulsions. to fibres or ~hreads immediatelY aEter they have been produced~ preferablv immediatel~ after leaving the spinnlng shaft.
In processes ~or producing polYamide-6 thrleads or Yarns, the foamed emulsion~ ~spinning dressing)~ is preferablY applied in quantities of from 0.5 to 6% bY weight. based on the~mass of substrate, In the drawings. which illustrate embodlments of the lnvention:
Figure 1 is a side view of an apparatus ~or carrYing out the process according to the invention;
Figure 2 ls a top plan view of the apparatus of Figure l;
Figure 3 shows a kransverse section o~ the apparatus vlewed in the direction of plpes, 6 and 7;
Figure 4 also shows a cross-section o the apparatus viewed in the direction of the two pipes~ 6 and 7, and lllustrates the application of foam to the threads~ 8; and Figures S and 6 show nnother embodlment of coating apparatus~
A practical embodiment of a coating apparatus which maY be emploYed , for this process is depicted in Figures 1 to 4. A liquid level of several centimetres is maintained above the frit, 5~ bY pumping fresh emulsion into the apparatus, Fresh liquid preparation maY be introduced int~ the foaming chamber. 2, through the inle~. 1. Air is blown through the frit from inlet~
4, Foam is ~ormed above the liquid level and ~orced~ under pressure. into the two pa~allel pipes, 6~ and 7, which may be movRd in relation to each other to some extent, The threads. 8, which are to be coated run between the ~wo pipes, `
6~ and 7. Each pipe contains a longitudinal slot, 9~ through which the foam is ~orced, A ~oam cushion is thereb~ formed between ~he two pipes and the threads which are to be coated ~un through this cushlon. The threads are therebY uniformly covered with emulsion. The supplY of foam maY be regulated ~4~
:1~3856~
so that the quantl~r o ~oam applied to the threads ls sxactlY the amount required for a satisactorY coating to be formed, The present process has the added advantage over conventlonal pro-cesses that this dressing process is a one waY process so that und*sirable slgns of ageing Q~ the emulsion~ which occur when the emulsions are applled bY
means of rollers, are obviated~
Therefore~ a ~urther ob~ect of this invention is to pTovide an appar-atus for applYing oamed liquids ~o threads, fibres and sheets. which are moved in a linear direction, whlch is characterised in tha~ a foaming chamber. 2, 10 which is provided with inlets for a blowing gas, 4~ and a liquid, l, and in ;
which a glass frlt, S has been inserted is conn0cted to two pipes. 6 and 7, which maY be adjusted parallel to each other and which have longitudinall~
extending slots, 3~ situated opposite each other~ The ad~ustment screws, 19 `~
and 20, are for regulating the length of the slots and the distance between the pipes 6 and 7 The rubber tubing, 3, enables the pipes. 6 and 7, to bo ad~usted relative to each other, Another practical embodiment of the coating apparatus for carrYing out the process according to the invention is represented in Figures 5 and 6 Storage vessel, lQ~ and foaming apparatus~ here form a unit~ being connect~
ed b~ waY o~ the inlet, 17, The liquid level in the storage vessel is main-`:
tained bY constantly pumping the emulsion in~o the vessel $rom pipe, 12~
: .
. - . .
~' ,`, .-' ~'.
~ -5-.. .. .. . .. . , . ~ . - . .. . .
~03~
excess emul~ion being dischareed through an overflow pipe, 13 Due to the constant head of liquid in the storage vessel, the foaming part of the apparatus is kept supplled with a constant quantity of emulsion which is foa~ed by the injection of blowing gas, 16, e.g. eir. The ~oam is continuously supplied to a slotted die, 14, where it i8 applled uniformly to the moving stream of threads, 15.
In order to obtain particularly uniform application, two units may be arranged side by side as depicted in Figure 6. This arrangement has the advantage that the foam has the same structure at every point of the outlet nozzle since each element of the foam must cover the same path from the moment of it~ formation until its application to the thread Therefore, another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the present process~ i.e. for applying foamed liquids to threads, fibres and sh~ets, which are moved in a linear directionp;which i9~ characterised in that it oonsists of a storage vessel, 10 which is equipped with a liquid supply, 12, and overflow pipe, 13~ and which forms a unit i with a foaming chamber, 11, by way of the inlet, 17, and the -~
foaming chamber, 11, which is connected to the inlet pipe, 16, for blowing gas by WAy of a frit~ 18~ and ends in a slot die~
l 14.
1 :
~h~ following ~cample~ are to further illus trate the inventior~ without limiting it.
~ ~ .
s1. :
,.
~ ~ 6 ,'', ~` ' '' ~
:
:
~L03856~ ~
Examples:
Threads emerging from ~pinning m~chines were dreesed wlth foamed oll-ln-water emulsions by the proce~s of the present invention.
ExamE~e 1:
Polyamide-6. Stretched titre dtex 1880/f 140.
Spinning draw-off rate 248 mjmin.
~Liquid~ emulsion consumption 750 ml/h Consumption of air for ~oaming 6.o l/h, under normal conditions.
After treatment, the dres~ed threads contained 3.2S %
water and 1.~4 %, by weight, oil. They could be wound-up readily and were very easily treated in a Rieter stretching and twisting machine, (no thread breakages). The ultimate tensile ~trength wa8 5 ~reQk kilométers high~r than that of thread~ which had been dre~ed by the roller method and treated in the 3ame manner (81 break kilometers ~ com~arsd with 76 break kilometers). ~he ;
quantity of threads o~ inferior quality wa3 only half that ob-tained in th~ comparison material, (0.8 % a~ comp~red with 105 Polyamide-6. Stretched titre llO0/f 63 Spinning draw-o~f rate 558 m/min (Liquld) emulsion consumption 480 ml/h.
,~ Con~umption of ~ir for ioaming 4.0 l/h under normal conditions.
The dressed threads, containing 2.1 % water and 0.9 ~%
oil, were stretch-textured by a process employing a stllling ch~mber. The ~liding characteristics of the threads were good.
Also, there was a distinct improvement in the uniformity of te~ture and dyeing over the comparison material treated by the ;1 .
roller ~ethodO
Poly~mide-6. Stretched titre dtex 22/f 5 Spinning draw-o~ rate 1000 m/min.
:- .. .
.--' :
~0385~
(Liquid) emulsion consumption 190 ml/h.
Consumption of air for foaming 1.5 l/h~ under normal conditions.
~he dreqsed threads contained 3.1 ~ water and 1.2 ~ oil.
The material was stretched and then friction-textured by the false twisting process. The uniformity of the crimp and dyeing obtained was better th~n in the corresponding comparison material which had been dressed by the roller method.
ExamPle 4:
Polyamide-6. A fixed fibre band with a titre o~ dtex 106 was after-treated with a brightening agent by the proeess described.
The band was moved at a rate of 80 m per minute. ~he con~
~umption of emulsion was 4.8 1 of liquid per hour; the quantity of air consumed was 38 1 per hour, under normal conditions.
The application was more uniform than that obtained by the conventional spraying method. A particular advantage of the foam application method was found to be the lower water content of the fibre band.
Polyamide-6.6. Stretched titre dtex 44/f 9.
Spinning draw-off rate 1400 m/min.
(Liquid) emulsion consumption 630 ml/h.
Consumption o~ air for ioaming 5.0 l/h~ under normal conditionæ.
The dressed th~eads contained 3.4 ~ water and 1.52 ~ oil.
The stretching yield w~9 considerably higher ~by a factor of appro~imately 3) 9 and the physical properties over the length o~ the threads was more uniform than in the comparison material which had been dressed by the roller method. Furthermore, a knitted s~mple was found to be more uniform in colour.
-30 Polyethylene terephthalate. Stretc~ed titre dtex 167/f 34.
Spinnlng draw-oif rate 1100 m/minO
(Liquid) e~ulslon oon~u~pti~n 170 ml/h.
. , ,. . . ,, , ., : .
103~56~
Consumption of air for foaming 1,4) l/h, under normal oonditions.
The dressed threads, ¢ontaining 0.9 ~ oil~ were stretch-textured by the false twisting proces~" The threads were more smooth-running and the fluctuations in bulging were less than in the case of the comparison material whlch had been dressed by the roller method.
Polyamide-6. Stretched titre dte~ 1880/f 140.
Spinning draw-off rate 284 m/min.
10 (Liquid) emulsion consumption 500 ml/h.
'~ Consumption of air ~or foaming 3.5 l/h, under normal conditions.
~he dressed threads~ containing 2.2 % water and 1.0 %, by weight~ oil, could easily be wound and were suit~ble ~or ~urther ! treatment in a Hieter stretch twisting machine, (no thread , . . .
! 15 breakages). The ultimate tensile strength was 5 Rkm aboYe that ~;~ of threads which had been dressed by the roller method. The ;~
., .
'~ quantity of inferior qualitr threads wa~ only about half that obtained in the oomparison material, ~0.8 % as compared with 1.5 %).
,,, ,'~ .
!
~ .
., :
i .~....
!
.:1 ~ . .
,A.. ~
;,~';
. ~ :
., ~ . ' !
',.,
Claims (15)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A process for the application of a liquid system to a substrate com-prising fibres, threads or sheets, which process comprises continuously foam-ing a defined quantity of the liquid system per unit time by introducing into the liquid system a controlled quantity of gas and moving the substrate linear-ly at a substantially uniform speed through the foamed liquid so as to apply the foamed liquid to said substrate quantitively and in a substantially uniform layer having a thickness of from 0.01 to 100 µ.
2. Process according to claim 1, wherein the liquid system is foamed continuously and the threads or fibres are brought into contact with the foamed system immediately after they have been produced.
3. Process according to claim 1, wherein the threads, fibres or sheets are passed through the foamed liquid system and from 0.01 to 10%, by weight, based on the mass of fibres, threads or sheets, of the liquid system is applied in the form of a foam.
4. Process according to claim 3, wherein from 0.5 to 6%, by weight of the liquid system is applied in the form of a foam.
5. Process according to claim 4, wherein the foamed liquid system is applied as a layer with a thickness of from 0.1 to 10 µ.
6. Process according to claim 1, wherein the quantity of liquid system required per unit time for producing a covering of the desired thickness is introduced into the foaming chamber, and the liquid level, (liquid/foam inter-face), in the foaming part is kept constant by controlling the quantity of gas introduced.
7. Process according to claim 1, wherein a dressing is used as the liquid system which is to be foamed
8. Process according to claim 7, wherein the dressing used is an emul-sion.
9. Process according to claim 7 wherein the dressings used are lubri-cants, antistatic agents, bactericides, emulsifiers and/or wetting agents.
10. Process according to claim 1, wherein the foamed liquid system is applied to organic or inorganic, natural or synthetic fibres, threads or sheets.
11. Process according to claim 10, wherein the foamed liquid systems are applied to threads, fibres or sheets of polyamides, polyesters, polyacry-lonitriles, polyolefines, carbon fibres, glass, asbestos or aluminium oxide.
12. Process according to claim 11, wherein the foamed liquid system is applied to threads of polyamide-6.
13. Apparatus for carrying out the process of claim 1, which comprises container means for the liquid system, gas inlet means communicating the con-tainer means and adapted to permit introduction of a controlled quantity of gas into the liquid system to create a defined quantity of foamed liquid per unit time, and means for moving the substrate at a substantially uniform speed through the foamed liquid so as to apply a substantially uniform layer of the foamed liquid to the substrate having a thickness of from 0.01 to 100 µ.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13, comprising a foaming vessel, which is supplied with inlets for the blowing gas, and the liquid, a glass frit being disposed in the vessel and connected to two pipes, which are capable of being displaced parallel to each other and which have slots situated opposite each other in the longitudinal direction.
15. Apparatus according to claim 13, comprising a storage vessel which is provided with an inlet for liquid and an overflow pipe, and which, together with a foaming chamber, forms a unit by way of a further inlet, the foaming chamber, which is connected to a pipe for blowing gas through a frit disposed in said chamber, ending in a slot die.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2325827A DE2325827C3 (en) | 1973-05-22 | 1973-05-22 | Device for applying preparations to fibers, threads and fabrics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1038561A true CA1038561A (en) | 1978-09-19 |
Family
ID=5881677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA200,255A Expired CA1038561A (en) | 1973-05-22 | 1974-05-17 | Process for coating fibers, threads and sheets |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5231475B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE815264A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1038561A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD113041A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2325827C3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES426525A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2230422A1 (en) |
| GB (3) | GB1477531A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE39489B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1012659B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU70119A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7406763A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2537324A1 (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1977-03-03 | Bayer Ag | PROCESS FOR THE EVEN APPLICATION OF LIQUID SYSTEMS IN FOAMED FORM IN A DISPOSABLE PROCESS ON MONOFILES, FILAMENT YARN, CABLES, FIBER TAPES AND TEXTILE FABRICS |
| EP0011381A1 (en) * | 1978-11-08 | 1980-05-28 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method and apparatus for producing foam |
| DE2915289C2 (en) * | 1979-04-14 | 1983-01-05 | Küsters, Eduard, 4150 Krefeld | Device for applying foam to a moving web |
| GB2116882B (en) * | 1982-03-17 | 1985-10-16 | Bba Group Ltd | Foamed liquid treatment of materials |
-
1973
- 1973-05-22 DE DE2325827A patent/DE2325827C3/en not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-05-17 CA CA200,255A patent/CA1038561A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-20 DD DD178627A patent/DD113041A5/xx unknown
- 1974-05-20 GB GB2238474A patent/GB1477531A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-20 IT IT7422973A patent/IT1012659B/en active
- 1974-05-20 BE BE144510A patent/BE815264A/en unknown
- 1974-05-20 NL NL7406763A patent/NL7406763A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-05-20 GB GB488677A patent/GB1477532A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-20 GB GB488777A patent/GB1477533A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-20 LU LU70119A patent/LU70119A1/xx unknown
- 1974-05-21 JP JP49056192A patent/JPS5231475B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-05-21 ES ES426525A patent/ES426525A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-21 IE IE1078/74A patent/IE39489B1/en unknown
- 1974-05-22 FR FR7417884A patent/FR2230422A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IE39489L (en) | 1974-11-22 |
| GB1477532A (en) | 1977-06-22 |
| DE2325827C3 (en) | 1979-02-22 |
| IE39489B1 (en) | 1978-10-25 |
| GB1477533A (en) | 1977-06-22 |
| GB1477531A (en) | 1977-06-22 |
| NL7406763A (en) | 1974-11-26 |
| IT1012659B (en) | 1977-03-10 |
| LU70119A1 (en) | 1975-02-24 |
| ES426525A1 (en) | 1976-07-01 |
| BE815264A (en) | 1974-11-20 |
| DE2325827B2 (en) | 1978-06-22 |
| JPS5018798A (en) | 1975-02-27 |
| JPS5231475B2 (en) | 1977-08-15 |
| DE2325827A1 (en) | 1974-12-19 |
| DD113041A5 (en) | 1975-05-12 |
| FR2230422A1 (en) | 1974-12-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0814918B1 (en) | Methods and apparatus for controlled placement of a polymer composition into a web | |
| US3094374A (en) | Dry spinning process for preparing coalesced spandex filaments | |
| US4886693A (en) | Flocked yarn and method for manufacturing | |
| EP0095712B1 (en) | Easily dyeable polyethylene terephtalate fibre and process for preparing the same | |
| CA1038561A (en) | Process for coating fibers, threads and sheets | |
| FI78740C (en) | Process for making smooth yarns | |
| US2712170A (en) | Treatment of textile fabrics | |
| US3681039A (en) | Apparatus and method of removing excess liquid coating from glass filaments | |
| CA1172083A (en) | Process for the production of sheet-like material comprising split fibers and apparatus therefor | |
| US11485948B2 (en) | Process for providing a culture of microorganisms to an elongated element | |
| US3672947A (en) | Method for texturizing yarns | |
| US4141315A (en) | Apparatus for coating fibers, threads and sheets | |
| JPS61252357A (en) | Apparatus for humidifying yarn, film or yarn bundle by liquid and its use | |
| CA1075856A (en) | Texturizing of filaments | |
| CA1325926C (en) | Foam saturation and release coating of a fibrous substrate | |
| CN110114521A (en) | The preparation liquid of low viscosity and low water content is used to handle the purposes of line | |
| US6844039B1 (en) | Elastane fiber spools provided with a variable application of a preparation | |
| US3908351A (en) | Novel tire cord forming process | |
| KR20110049496A (en) | The manufacturing method of tpu coated yarn and the waterproofing yarn therewith and the manufacturing system thereof and the tpu fabric with the waterproofing yarn and the manufacturing method of tpu coated sheet using the fabric and the waterproofing sheet thereof | |
| JPS59112032A (en) | Application of adhesively active emulsion to polyester yarn | |
| IL27790A (en) | Process and apparatus for the production of fibre strands,and particularly for asbestos fibre strands,and articles made therefrom | |
| JPH10121323A (en) | Polyester spun dyed yarn for seat belt and production of webbing for seat belt | |
| CN108286079A (en) | A kind of high intensity item does uniform mono- steps of polyester monofilament FDY and spins preparation process | |
| US3699205A (en) | Processes of producing stable filaments of linear polyurethanes | |
| US3129129A (en) | Method for preparing synthetic tire cord fabric |