BRPI1015116B1 - METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PRODUCT - Google Patents

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PRODUCT Download PDF

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Publication number
BRPI1015116B1
BRPI1015116B1 BRPI1015116-8A BRPI1015116A BRPI1015116B1 BR PI1015116 B1 BRPI1015116 B1 BR PI1015116B1 BR PI1015116 A BRPI1015116 A BR PI1015116A BR PI1015116 B1 BRPI1015116 B1 BR PI1015116B1
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
parison
halves
mold
product
film
Prior art date
Application number
BRPI1015116-8A
Other languages
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Albert J. Boecker
Andreas W. Dobmaier
Alex Ehler
Patrick Gmund
Peter Grauer
Moez Haouala
Matthias B. Olbrich
Pierre E. Delbarre
Original Assignee
Ti Automotive Technology Center Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/491,964 external-priority patent/US9073245B2/en
Application filed by Ti Automotive Technology Center Gmbh filed Critical Ti Automotive Technology Center Gmbh
Priority to BR122020003472-6A priority Critical patent/BR122020003472B1/en
Priority to BR122020003478-5A priority patent/BR122020003478B1/en
Publication of BRPI1015116A2 publication Critical patent/BRPI1015116A2/en
Publication of BRPI1015116B1 publication Critical patent/BRPI1015116B1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4205Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/266Auxiliary operations after the thermoforming operation
    • B29C51/267Two sheets being thermoformed in separate mould parts and joined together while still in the mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/022Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for
    • B29C65/028Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for making use of inherent heat, i.e. the heat for the joining comes from the moulding process of one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142Single butt to butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B29C66/1312Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C2049/2008Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements inside the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/78Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C49/783Measuring, controlling or regulating blowing pressure
    • B29C2049/7831Measuring, controlling or regulating blowing pressure characterised by pressure values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C49/78Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29C2049/7832Blowing with two or more pressure levels
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C2791/004Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/006Using vacuum
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    • B29C2793/0063Cutting longitudinally
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2793/0081Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation before shaping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/0017Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/0068Permeability to liquids; Adsorption
    • B29K2995/0069Permeability to liquids; Adsorption non-permeable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00Layered products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7172Fuel tanks, jerry cans

Abstract

fabricação de um receptáculo um método de fabricar um produto, incluindo extrusão de um parison, e separar o parison em metades de parison por cortar um parison parcialmente expandido ou por separar um parison longitudinalmente enfraquecido, e formar as metades de parison contra metades de molde correspondentes. o método pode também incluir a aplicação de um filme contra as metades de parison e/ou as metades de molde, e formar o filme e as metades de parison contra as metades de molde para produzir metades de produto múltiplas camadas. aparelhos para a realização do método também são divulgados.manufacturing a receptacle a method of making a product, including extruding a parison, and separating the parison into parison halves by cutting a partially expanded parison or by separating a longitudinally weakened parison, and forming the parison halves against corresponding mold halves . the method may also include applying a film against the parison halves and / or the mold halves, and forming the film and the parison halves against the mold halves to produce multilayered product halves. apparatus for carrying out the method are also disclosed.

Description

DOMÍNIO TÉCNICOTECHNICAL FIELD

[001] A divulgação atual relaciona-se geralmente a um método de fabricação de um recipiente plástico e, mais particularmente, a um processo de moldagem de produto plástico.[001] The current disclosure generally relates to a method of manufacturing a plastic container and, more particularly, to a plastic product molding process.

FUNDAMENTOBACKGROUND

[002] Moldagem por sopro é um método bem conhecido para produzir uma variedade de produtos plásticos, particularmente recipientes ou vasos ocos, incluindo tanques de combustível, embalagens, etc. Em geral, um processo tipico de moldagem por sopro de um tanque de combustível de múltiplas camadas envolve extrusão de um parison tubular multicamadas em um molde aberto e em torno de pinos espalhadores e um pino de sopro. Os pinos espalhadores expandem-se para esticar o parison quente em uma direção radial em direção às metades de molde. As metades de molde juntas em torno do parison esticado e o pino de sopro injeta gás pressurizado no interior do parison para deslocar o parison em conformidade com as superficies interiores das metades de molde. Além disso, um transportador e diversos componentes do sistema de combustível, tais como sensores de nivel de combustível, dispositivos de ventilação, bombas de combustível, filtros de combustível e similares podem ser realizados pelo pino de sopro e moldados no local. Mas a colocação dos componentes do tanque durante a moldagem por sopro pode ser dificil, porque os componentes anexam à superfície interna do tanque de combustível moldado somente depois que o molde foi fechado e o parison formado contra as metades de molde.[002] Blow molding is a well-known method for producing a variety of plastic products, particularly hollow containers or vessels, including fuel tanks, packaging, etc. In general, a typical blow molding process for a multilayer fuel tank involves extrusion of a multilayer tubular parison into an open mold and around spreader pins and a blow pin. The spreading pins expand to stretch the hot parison in a radial direction towards the mold halves. The mold halves together around the stretched parison and the blow pin injects pressurized gas into the parison to move the parison in accordance with the inner surfaces of the mold halves. In addition, a conveyor and various components of the fuel system, such as fuel level sensors, ventilation devices, fuel pumps, fuel filters and the like can be made by the blow pin and molded in place. But the placement of the tank components during blow molding can be difficult, because the components attach to the inner surface of the molded fuel tank only after the mold has been closed and the parison formed against the mold halves.

[003] Além disso, tanques de combustível são frequentemente produzidos por moldagem por sopro de um parison de múltiplas camadas extrudado que pode incluir múltiplas camadas de barreira, estruturais, e adesivas. Mas extrusão normalmente requer equipamentos de extrusão dedicados que produzem quantidades fixas de camadas de parison de tamanho fixo e configuração fixa. Assim, há pouca flexibilidade na produção de tanques de combustível de quantidade, tamanho e configuração variável de camadas.[003] In addition, fuel tanks are often produced by blow molding an extruded multilayer parison that can include multiple barrier, structural, and adhesive layers. But extrusion typically requires dedicated extrusion equipment that produces fixed amounts of fixed-size and fixed-configuration parison layers. Thus, there is little flexibility in the production of fuel tanks of varying quantity, size and configuration of layers.

SUMÁRIOSUMMARY

[004] Em uma implementação de um método atualmente preferido de fabricação de um produto, um parison é extrudado e posicionado em um molde tendo metades de molde, e porções superiores e inferiores do parison sofrem colapso para definir um interior selado do parison. Além disso, o molde é parcialmente fechado para deixar lacunas entre as metades de molde, e gás pressurizado é introduzido no interior selado do parison para expandir o parison parcialmente. Além disso, o parison parcialmente expandido é cortado em metades ao longo das lacunas entre as metades de molde. De acordo com outra implementação, um método de fabricação de um produto inclui extrusão de um parison longitudinal estendendo para incluir porções enfraquecidas, apertar o parison com pinças opostas em lados opostos das partes enfraquecidas, e retrair as pinças opostas para romper o parison em pedaços para definir metades de parison.[004] In an implementation of a currently preferred method of manufacturing a product, a parison is extruded and positioned in a mold having mold halves, and upper and lower portions of the parison collapse to define a sealed interior of the parison. In addition, the mold is partially closed to leave gaps between the mold halves, and pressurized gas is introduced into the sealed interior of the parison to expand the parison partially. In addition, the partially expanded parison is cut into halves along the gaps between the mold halves. According to another implementation, a method of manufacturing a product includes extruding a longitudinal parison extending to include weakened portions, tightening the parison with opposite clamps on opposite sides of the weakened parts, and retracting the opposing clamps to break the parison into pieces for define parison halves.

[005] De acordo com uma implementação adicional, um método de fabricação de um produto inclui a extrusão de um parison, separando o parison em metades e as posicionando as metades de parison entre as metades de molde de um molde. 0 método também inclui a aplicação de um filme contra pelo menos uma das metades de parison ou as duas metades de molde, e formando o filme e as metades de parison contra as metades de molde para produzir metades de tanque de combustível de múltiplas camadas.[005] According to an additional implementation, a method of manufacturing a product includes extruding a parison, separating the parison into halves and positioning the parison halves between the mold halves of a mold. The method also includes applying a film against at least one of the parison halves or the two mold halves, and forming the film and the parison halves against the mold halves to produce multilayer fuel tank halves.

[006] De acordo com uma implementação adicional, um aparelho para a fabricação de um produto inclui uma extrusora para realizar a extrusão um parison, um molde tendo metades de molde, e pinças para realizar colapso das porções superiores e inferiores do parison para definir um interior selado do parison. O aparelho também inclui pinças para posicionar o parison no molde, no qual o molde é parcialmente fechado para deixar lacunas entre as metades de molde, e gás pressurizado é introduzido no interior selado do parison para inflar o parison. O aparelho inclui ainda cortadores para cortar o parison inflado em duas metades ao longo das lacunas entre as metades de molde. De acordo com ainda outra implementação, um aparelho para a fabricação de um produto inclui uma extrusora para realizar extrusão de um parison para incluir porções longitudinalmente enfraquecidas, e pinças opostas avançadas para apertar o parison em lados opostos das partes enfraquecidas, e retraídas para romper o parison em pedaços para definir as metades de parison.[006] According to an additional implementation, an apparatus for manufacturing a product includes an extruder for extruding a parison, a mold having mold halves, and clamps for collapsing the upper and lower portions of the parison to define a sealed parison interior. The apparatus also includes tweezers to position the parison in the mold, in which the mold is partially closed to leave gaps between the mold halves, and pressurized gas is introduced into the sealed interior of the parison to inflate the parison. The apparatus also includes cutters to cut the inflated parison in two halves along the gaps between the mold halves. According to yet another implementation, an apparatus for manufacturing a product includes an extruder for extruding a parison to include longitudinally weakened portions, and opposing forceps advanced to tighten the parison on opposite sides of the weakened parts, and retracted to break the parison in pieces to define the parison halves.

DESCRIÇÃO BREVE DOS DESENHOSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[007] A seguinte descrição detalhada das encarnações exemplar e melhor modo serão estabelecidos com referência aos desenhos de acompanhamento, em que: A Figura 1 é uma visão transversal longitudinal de uma implementação exemplar de um aparelho de moldagem por sopro; A Figura 2 é uma visão transversal tomada ao longo da linha 2-2 da Figura 1 ilustrando em linhas ocultas um parison não inflado e ilustrando em linhas sólidas um parison parcialmente inflado; A Figura 3 é uma visão alargada fragmentária de uma parte do aparelho de moldagem por sopro da Figura 1, ilustrando pinças de parison superiores e inferiores apertando porções superiores e inferiores do parison; A Figura 4 é uma visão transversal do aparelho de moldagem por sopro da Figura 1 ilustra um parison totalmente inflado, uma agulha de sopro, e cortadores de parison usados para cortar o parison em duas metades; A Figura 4A é uma visão ampliada fragmentária de uma porção do aparelho ilustrado na Figura 4; A Figura 5 é uma visão transversal do aparelho de moldagem por sopro da Figura 1 ilustrando componentes do sistema de combustível e um transportador sendo posicionado entre duas metades de molde abertas; A Figura 6 é uma visão transversal transversal do aparelho de moldagem por sopro mostrado na Figura 5 ilustrando as metades de molde fechadas em torno dos componentes do sistema de combustível e o transportador; A Figura 6A é uma visão transversal longitudinal do aparelho da Figura 1 ilustrando metades de molde sendo separadas para abrir um molde e rebarbar um produto moldado; A Figura 7 é uma visão de cima de um outro exemplar de implementação de um aparelho de moldagem por sopro, ilustrando um parison extrudado e pinças segurandoo parison; A Figura 8 é uma visão ampliada de uma parte do aparelho do Figura 7; A Figura 9 é uma visão de cima do aparelho de Figura 7, ilustrando o parison dividido em metades e puxado na direção das metades de moldes correspondentes pelas pinças; A Figura 10 é uma visão transversal do aparelho mostrado na Figura 9, que ilustra o parison dividido formado em contato com as metades de moldes; A Figura 11 é uma visão transversal do aparelho mostrado na Figura 10, ilustrando metades de moldes fechadas em conjunto para unir as metades de parison uma à outra; A Figura 12 é uma visão de cima de um outro exemplar de implementação de um aparelho de moldagem por sopro, ilustrando metades separadas de um parison extrudado e conjuntos adicionais de pinças posicionamento filme de material entre as metades de molde; A Figura 13 é uma visão transversal do aparelho mostrado na Figura 12, ilustrando as metades de parison separadas formado em contato com as metades de molde e filme correspondente formado em contato com as metades de parison em lados interiores das metades de parison; A Figura 14 é uma visão transversal do aparelho mostrado na Figura 13, ilustrando as metades de molde fechadas juntas para unir o filme a um outro; A Figura 15 é um corte transversal de uma configuração alternativa para aquela mostrada na Figura 13, ilustrando filmes formados em contato com as metades de molde em lados de molde das metades de parison; A Figura 16 é uma visão transversal do aparelho mostrado na Figura 15, ilustrando as metades de molde fechadas juntas para unir as metades de parison uma à outra; A Figura 17 é um corte transversal de uma configuração alternativa para aquela mostrada na Figura 13, ilustrando filme exterior formado em contato com as metades de parison em lados interiores das metades de parison e filme interior formado em contato com as metades de molde em lados de molde das metades de parison, e A Figura 18 é uma visão transversal do aparelho mostrado na Figura 15, ilustrando as metades de molde fechadas juntas para ligar o filme interior um ao outro.[007] The following detailed description of the exemplary incarnations and best mode will be established with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an exemplary implementation of a blow molding apparatus; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1 illustrating an uninflated parison in hidden lines and illustrating a partially inflated parison in solid lines; Figure 3 is a fragmentary enlarged view of a part of the blow molding apparatus of Figure 1, showing upper and lower parison clamps tightening upper and lower portions of the parison; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the blow molding apparatus of Figure 1 illustrates a fully inflated parison, a blowing needle, and parison cutters used to cut the parison in two halves; Figure 4A is an enlarged fragmentary view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Figure 4; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the blow molding apparatus of Figure 1 illustrating components of the fuel system and a conveyor being positioned between two open mold halves; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the blow molding apparatus shown in Figure 5 illustrating the closed mold halves around the fuel system components and the conveyor; Figure 6A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1 showing mold halves being separated to open a mold and deburr a molded product; Figure 7 is a top view of another example of the implementation of a blow molding apparatus, showing an extruded parison and clamps holding the parison; Figure 8 is an enlarged view of part of the apparatus of Figure 7; Figure 9 is a top view of the apparatus of Figure 7, showing the parison divided into halves and pulled towards the corresponding mold halves by the clamps; Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 9, which illustrates the split parison formed in contact with the mold halves; Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 10, showing mold halves closed together to join the parison halves together; Figure 12 is a top view of another example of implementation of a blow molding apparatus, illustrating separate halves of an extruded parison and additional sets of clamps positioning material film between the mold halves; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 12, illustrating the separate parison halves formed in contact with the mold halves and corresponding film formed in contact with the parison halves on the inner sides of the parison halves; Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 13, showing the mold halves closed together to join the film to one another; Figure 15 is a cross section of an alternative configuration to that shown in Figure 13, showing films formed in contact with the mold halves on the mold sides of the parison halves; Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 15, showing the mold halves closed together to join the parison halves together; Figure 17 is a cross section of an alternative configuration to that shown in Figure 13, showing outer film formed in contact with the parison halves on the inner sides of the parison halves and inner film formed in contact with the mold halves on the sides of mold of the parison halves, and Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 15, illustrating the mold halves closed together to connect the inner film to each other.

DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DAS MODALIDADES PREFERIDASDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[008] Referindo-se em mais detalhes aos desenhos, a Figura 1 ilustra uma implementação exemplar de um aparelho de moldagem 20 que pode ser usado para implementar um método presentemente comunicado de fabricação de um produto de plástico monocamada ou multicamadas, por exemplo, um tanque de combustível de plástico, em que um ou mais componentes podem ser introduzidos durante a fabricação do produto. A descrição a seguir do aparelho simplesmente fornece uma visão geral de um aparelho exemplar, mas outros aparelhos não mostrados aqui também podem suportar o método atualmente divulgado.[008] Referring in more detail to the drawings, Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary implementation of a molding apparatus 20 that can be used to implement a presently communicated method of manufacturing a monolayer or multilayer plastic product, for example, a plastic fuel tank, in which one or more components can be introduced during the manufacture of the product. The following description of the device simply provides an overview of an exemplary device, but other devices not shown here may also support the currently disclosed method.

[009] Em geral, o aparelho 20 pode incluir uma extrusora 22 para produzir um parison 24, e um molde 26 de uma máquina de estampagem profunda e/ou moldagem por sopro para formar o parison 24 em um produto, por exemplo, um tanque de combustível (não mostrado) e incluindo em geral metades de moldes opostas 26a, 26b. Conforme usado neste documento, o termo metade de molde pode incluir um componente unitário ou um conjunto de múltiplos componentes. Em outras palavras, cada metade 26a, 26b pode incluir múltiplos componentes de moldes constituindo uma superfície de formação. A extrusora 22 pode ser localizada diretamente sobre o molde 26 ou pode ser lateralmente espaçada a partir do molde 26, se desejado. Além disso, um robô (não exibido separadamente) pode ser posicionado perto da extrusora 22 e do molde 26, e pode incluir pinças superiores e/ou inferiores 28a, 28b para apertar e transportar o parison 24 da extrusora 22 ao molde 26. As pinças 28a, 28b podem ser pinças a vácuo. 0 aparelho 20 ainda pode incluir um pino de sopro 30 para introduzir o gás pressurizado dentro do parison 24 e um espalhador 32 para esticar o parison 24 radialmente exteriormente. Em geral, extrusoras, máquinas de moldagem e de sucção, pinças, espalhadores, e pinos de sopro são todos dispositivos cujas estruturas e função são bem conhecidas para as pessoas de habilidade comum na arte e, portanto, não serão discutidos em detalhes aqui por causa da foco na presente divulgação. Uma implementação exemplar do método atualmente divulgado pode ser realizada usando qualquer aparelho adequado, incluindo, por exemplo, o aparelho 20.[009] In general, apparatus 20 may include an extruder 22 to produce a parison 24, and a mold 26 of a deep drawing machine and / or blow molding to form parison 24 in a product, for example, a tank of fuel (not shown) and generally including opposite mold halves 26a, 26b. As used herein, the term half-mold may include a single component or a set of multiple components. In other words, each half 26a, 26b can include multiple mold components constituting a forming surface. Extruder 22 can be located directly on the mold 26 or can be spaced laterally from the mold 26, if desired. In addition, a robot (not shown separately) can be positioned close to extruder 22 and mold 26, and can include upper and / or lower clamps 28a, 28b to tighten and transport the parison 24 from extruder 22 to mold 26. The clamps 28a, 28b can be vacuum clamps. The apparatus 20 may further include a blowing pin 30 for introducing the pressurized gas into the parison 24 and a spreader 32 for stretching the parison 24 radially outwardly. In general, extruders, molding and suction machines, tweezers, spreaders, and blow pins are all devices whose structures and function are well known to people of ordinary skill in the art and therefore will not be discussed in detail here because focus on the present disclosure. An exemplary implementation of the currently disclosed method can be performed using any suitable device, including, for example, the device 20.

[010] O parison pode ser produzido de qualquer forma conhecida por extrusão ou co-extrusão e o parison pode ser transportado para um molde por pinças. Por exemplo, a extrusora 22 pode realizar a extrusão do parison 24 e as pinças superiores e/ou inferiores 28a, 28b podem transportar o parison 24 ao molde 26. 0 parison 24 pode ser composto por um termoplástico, por exemplo, de polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) , ou de poliéster, ou pode ser composto de duroplast. 0 parison 24 pode ser construído com ou sem uma ou mais camadas de barreira, por exemplo, de copolímero de etileno vinil álcool (EVOH) ou poliamida, contra a difusão de vapores de combustível através do tanque de combustível a ser formado. Como usado aqui, o termo "parison"pode incluir uma peça de moldagem, quente, macia, tendo pelo menos uma camada de material plástico extrudado a partir de uma máquina de extrusão ou co- extrusão. Como usado aqui, o termo "extrusão" inclui extrusão de um parison monocamada ou co-extrusão de um parison multicamadas.[010] Parison can be produced in any way known as extrusion or co-extrusion and the parison can be transported to a mold by tweezers. For example, extruder 22 can extrude parison 24 and upper and / or lower clamps 28a, 28b can transport parison 24 to mold 26. Parison 24 can be composed of a thermoplastic, for example, of high polyethylene density (HDPE), or polyester, or can be made up of duroplast. The parison 24 can be constructed with or without one or more barrier layers, for example, of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) or polyamide, against the diffusion of fuel vapors through the fuel tank to be formed. As used herein, the term "parison" can include a molding piece, hot, soft, having at least one layer of plastic material extruded from an extrusion or co-extrusion machine. As used herein, the term "extrusion" includes extrusion of a monolayer parison or coextrusion of a multilayer parison.

[011] O parison extrudado 24 pode ser introduzido ou posicionado no molde 26 e pode ser esticado ou espalhado transversalmente com relação ao eixo longitudinal do parison 24 pelo espalhador 32 que pode ser inserido no interior do parison 24, como representado na Figura 2. Por exemplo, após o parison 24 ser colocado dentro do molde 26, o espalhador 32 pode ser introduzido abaixo no parison 24. Este espalhador 32 pode incluir uma parte central fixa e dois ou mais dedos de espalhamento laterais, móveis. Os dedos de espalhamento são movidos para além, tal movimento pode puxar o parison 24 em uma forma oval alongada. A parte central fixa, que pode incluir o pino de sopro 30, pode ser usada para evitar que as regiões centrais das porções de parede opostas do parison 24 entrem em contato umas com as outras e fundam. Os dedos de espalhamento podem permanecer no parison 24, durante a formação, se desejado. 0 material adjacente aos dedos de espalhamento mais tarde pode ser separado do tanque formado e reciclado, se desejado.[011] The extruded parison 24 can be inserted or positioned in the mold 26 and can be stretched or spread transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the parison 24 by the spreader 32 that can be inserted inside the parison 24, as shown in Figure 2. For example, after the parison 24 is placed inside the mold 26, the spreader 32 can be inserted down into the parison 24. This spreader 32 can include a fixed central part and two or more movable side spreading fingers. The spreading fingers are moved beyond, such a movement can pull the parison 24 in an elongated oval shape. The fixed central part, which can include the blowing pin 30, can be used to prevent the central regions of the opposite wall portions of the parison 24 from coming into contact with each other and melting. The spreading fingers can remain on the parison 24 during formation, if desired. The material adjacent to the spreading fingers can later be separated from the formed tank and recycled, if desired.

[012] Porções superiores e inferiores do parison 24 podem sofrer colapso, por exemplo, espremendo ou apertando as porções com pinças. Por exemplo, as pinças podem ser as pinças 28a, 28b em sim, conforme ilustrado na Figura 3. Em outra aplicação, as pinças podem incluir outros conjuntos de pinças, braços, lâminas, ou qualquer outro aparelho adequado que espreme ou aperta as porções de parison. As porções que sofreram colapso do parison 24 podem definir um interior selado do parison 24.[012] Upper and lower portions of the parison 24 may collapse, for example, by squeezing or squeezing the portions with tweezers. For example, the tweezers can be tweezers 28a, 28b on yes, as shown in Figure 3. In another application, the tweezers can include other sets of tweezers, arms, blades, or any other suitable device that squeezes or squeezes portions of parison. The collapsed portions of parison 24 can define a sealed interior of parison 24.

[013] Além disso, como mostrado na Figura 2, o parison 24 pode ser parcialmente inflado, por exemplo, através da introdução de gás pressurizado no interior selado do parison 24 através do pino de sopro 30 na parte central do espalhador 32. O parison 24 pode ser parcialmente inflado a uma fração do seu volume final, por exemplo, aproximadamente 20% a 40% do seu volume final. Qualquer pressão adequada positiva pode ser usada para inflar o parison 24 parcialmente, por exemplo, cerca de 0,1 a 0,3 Mpa (0 a 3 bar), ou 0,2 a 0,3 Mpa (2 a 3 bar) de acordo com uma aplicação mais especifica.[013] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, the parison 24 can be partially inflated, for example, by introducing pressurized gas into the sealed interior of the parison 24 through the blowing pin 30 in the central part of the spreader 32. The parison 24 can be partially inflated to a fraction of its final volume, for example, approximately 20% to 40% of its final volume. Any suitable positive pressure can be used to partially inflate the parison 24, for example, about 0.1 to 0.3 Mpa (0 to 3 bar), or 0.2 to 0.3 Mpa (2 to 3 bar) of according to a more specific application.

[014] Como também representado em ambos as Figuras 2 e 3, o molde 26 pode ser parcialmente fechado ou movido para uma posição fechada, mas não totalmente fechado, de modo que as lacunas 34 de, por exemplo, cerca de 20 a 70 mm entre as metades de molde 2 6a, 2 6b permanecem antes do fechamento completo do molde 26. O molde 2 6 pode ser parcialmente fechado antes, depois ou durante a inflação parcial do parison 24 e de qualquer maneira adequada. Por exemplo, blocos de espaçador (não mostrados) poderão ser avançados em posições entre as porções confrontando das metades de molde 26a, 26b, moldando carretéis de máquina de (não mostrados), molda suportes ou montagens (não mostrado) entre as metades de molde 26, 26 e carretéis, ou coisa parecida. Tais arranjos fornecem uma parada dura positiva para definir as lacunas 34. Qualquer outra solução adequada pode ser usada para definir as lacunas 34, por exemplo, paradas duras integradas em dispositivos de fechamento de máquina de molde (não mostrado), ou "parada suave" programada em um controlador de máquina de molde, ou coisa parecida.[014] As also shown in both Figures 2 and 3, the mold 26 can be partially closed or moved to a closed position, but not fully closed, so that the gaps 34 of, for example, about 20 to 70 mm between the mold halves 26a, 26b remain before the complete closing of the mold 26. The mold 26 can be partially closed before, after or during the partial inflation of the parison 24 and in any suitable manner. For example, spacer blocks (not shown) may be advanced into positions between the facing portions of the mold halves 26a, 26b, molding machine spools (not shown), mold supports or assemblies (not shown) between the mold halves 26, 26 and spools, or something like that. Such arrangements provide a positive hard stop to define gaps 34. Any other suitable solution can be used to define gaps 34, for example, hard stops integrated into mold machine closing devices (not shown), or "soft stop" programmed into a mold machine controller, or something like that.

[015] Ainda referindo-se à Figura 2, o aparelho 20 pode incluir escudos 33 realizados fora do molde 26 para evitar sopro do parison 24 através das lacunas 34 durante a inflação parcial do parison 24 quando o molde 26 é apenas parcialmente fechado. Por exemplo, os escudos 33 podem incluir painéis opostos ou placas 35 a 35b, deslizavelmente realizados ao longo dos lados das metades de molde 26a, 26b. As placas opostas 35, 35b podem ser avançadas e retraídas com respeito umas às outras, por exemplo, por atuadores 35c.[015] Still referring to Figure 2, the apparatus 20 can include shields 33 performed outside the mold 26 to prevent blowing the parison 24 through the gaps 34 during partial inflation of the parison 24 when the mold 26 is only partially closed. For example, shields 33 may include opposing panels or plates 35 to 35b, slidably carried out along the sides of the mold halves 26a, 26b. Opposite plates 35, 35b can be advanced and retracted with respect to each other, for example, by actuators 35c.

[016] As placas 35a, 35b podem ser avançadas em interacoplamento ou suporte com uma outra para fechar as lacunas 34. Quaisquer atuadores 35c adequados podem ser usados, por exemplo, atuadores hidráulicos, pneumáticos ou eletromecânicos. Como mostrado na Figura 2, os escudos 33 podem ser posicionados ao longo de lados longitudinais do molde 26, mas outros escudos também pode ser posicionados adjacentes ao topo e/ou fundo do molde 2 6 para a mesma finalidade ou similares.[016] The plates 35a, 35b can be advanced in inter-coupling or support with one another to close the gaps 34. Any suitable actuators 35c can be used, for example, hydraulic, pneumatic or electromechanical actuators. As shown in Figure 2, the shields 33 can be positioned along longitudinal sides of the mold 26, but other shields can also be positioned adjacent the top and / or bottom of the mold 26 for the same or similar purposes.

[017] Referindo-se à Figura 3, o aparelho 20 também pode incluir cortadores superiores e/ou inferiores 29 para remover porções superiores e/ou inferiores do parison 24. Os cortadores 29 podem incluir, por exemplo, lâminas, facas, lasers, e/ou fios aquecidos, ou quaisquer outros cortadores adequados. Além disso, quaisquer atuadores adequados 31 podem ser fornecidos para avançar e retrair os cortadores 29, por exemplo, hidráulicos, pneumáticos ou atuadores eletromecânicos. As porções superiores e/ou inferiores do parison 24 podem ser removidas a qualquer momento adequado, por exemplo, durante ou após a formação do parison 24 em um produto inicialmente formado 50 (Figura 4) .[017] Referring to Figure 3, the apparatus 20 may also include upper and / or lower cutters 29 to remove upper and / or lower portions of the parison 24. Cutters 29 may include, for example, blades, knives, lasers, and / or heated wires, or any other suitable cutters. In addition, any suitable actuators 31 can be provided to advance and retract cutters 29, for example, hydraulic, pneumatic or electromechanical actuators. The upper and / or lower portions of parison 24 can be removed at any suitable time, for example, during or after the formation of parison 24 in an initially formed product 50 (Figure 4).

[018] Por exemplo, como mostrado na Figura 4, o parison parcialmente inflado 24 (Figuras 2 e 3) pode ser ainda formado no molde 26, por exemplo, por introdução adicional de gás pressurizado através do pino de sopro 30, ou agulha de sopro 30' ou ambos, para o interior do parison 24, e/ou pela aplicação de um vácuo em um exterior do parison 24, por exemplo, através de passagens de vácuo (não mostradas) nas metades de molde 2 6a, 2 6b. Em uma implementação, o parison 24 pode ser inflado com uma pressão de, por exemplo, cerca de 0,3 Mpa (3 bar) pelo pino de sopro 30, e a agulha de sopro' (s) 30 pode ser empurrada lateralmente através de uma parede da parison inflado parcialmente 24 através de uma das metades de molde de sopro 26a, 26b, e o interior do parison inflado 24 pode ainda ser inflado com uma pressão adicional de, por exemplo, cerca de 0,15 Mpa (1,5 bar). Qualquer pressão adequada, por exemplo, 0,3 a 1,0 Mpa (3 a 10 bar) poderá ser aplicada até que as metades de molde 26a, 26b estejam preenchidas de forma apropriada pelo parison 24. Esta pressão pode ser mantida por uma quantidade razoável de tempo, por exemplo, cerca de 15 a 25 segundos, pelo menos inicialmente para produzir o produto inicialmente formado 50, mas para evitar arrefecimentos o produto inicialmente formado 50 para que suas superficies interiores permaneçam quentes e pegajosas. Em um exemplo, duas agulhas de sopro 30' pode ser usadas.[018] For example, as shown in Figure 4, the partially inflated parison 24 (Figures 2 and 3) can be further formed in the mold 26, for example, by additional introduction of pressurized gas through the blowing pin 30, or blowing 30 'or both, into the interior of the parison 24, and / or by applying a vacuum to an exterior of the parison 24, for example, through vacuum passages (not shown) in the mold halves 26a, 26b. In one implementation, the parison 24 can be inflated with a pressure of, for example, about 0.3 Mpa (3 bar) by the blowing pin 30, and the blowing needle '(s) 30 can be pushed laterally through a wall of the partially inflated parison 24 through one of the blow mold halves 26a, 26b, and the interior of the inflated parison 24 can further be inflated with an additional pressure of, for example, about 0.15 Mpa (1.5 Pub). Any suitable pressure, for example, 0.3 to 1.0 Mpa (3 to 10 bar) can be applied until the mold halves 26a, 26b are properly filled by parison 24. This pressure can be maintained for an amount a reasonable amount of time, for example, about 15 to 25 seconds, at least initially to produce the initially formed product 50, but to avoid cooling the initially formed product 50 so that its interior surfaces remain warm and sticky. In one example, two blowing needles 30 'can be used.

[019] Referindo-se novamente à Figura 4, o produto inicialmente formado 50 pode ser cortado nas lacunas 34 entre as metades de molde 26a, 26b. Por exemplo, restos do parison inflado 24 ou partes do produto inicialmente formado 50 que sobressaem de uma linha pitada do molde 26 podem ser cortadas por cortadores 36, por exemplo, lâminas, facas, lasers, e/ou fios aquecidos, ou quaisquer outros cortadores adequados. Quaisquer atuadores adequados 37 podem ser usados para mover os cortadores 36 ao longo do molde 26 e entre as placas 35a, 35b, dos escudos 33. Assim, as placas de escudo 35a, 35b pode ser recolhidas para permitir que os cortadores 36 entrem nas lacunas 34 entre as metades de molde. Em outra modalidade, as placas 35a, 35b, podem ser avançadas o mais próximo possivel enquanto ainda permitem que os cortadores 36 pelo menos parcialmente se projetem entre as mesmas. Nesta última modalidade, uma câmara selada 39 pode ser definida entre metades opostas dos escudos 33 e gás pressurizado pode ser fornecido na câmara 39 para evitar que o parison 24 sopre entre as placas 35a, 35b. Em qualquer caso, a proximidade de porções confrontando das placas avançadas 35a, 35b pode ser suficiente para inibir o parison 24 de ser soprado através dos mesmos. A operação de corte pode ser realizada após a inflação parcial do parison 24, mas antes da inflação completa, ou durante ou depois do tempo da pressão ser mantida durante a formação do produto inicialmente formado 50. Em outras palavras, a operação de corte pode ser efetuada em qualquer ponto adequado no processo.[019] Referring again to Figure 4, the initially formed product 50 can be cut into the gaps 34 between the mold halves 26a, 26b. For example, remains of the inflated parison 24 or parts of the initially formed product 50 that protrude from a pinched line of the mold 26 can be cut by cutters 36, for example, blades, knives, lasers, and / or heated wires, or any other cutters appropriate. Any suitable actuators 37 can be used to move the cutters 36 along the mold 26 and between the plates 35a, 35b, of the shields 33. Thus, the shield plates 35a, 35b can be retracted to allow the cutters 36 to enter the gaps 34 between the mold halves. In another embodiment, the plates 35a, 35b, can be advanced as close as possible while still allowing the cutters 36 to at least partially project between them. In the latter embodiment, a sealed chamber 39 can be defined between opposite halves of the shields 33 and pressurized gas can be supplied in the chamber 39 to prevent the parison 24 from blowing between the plates 35a, 35b. In any case, the proximity of confronting portions of the forward plates 35a, 35b may be sufficient to inhibit the parison 24 from being blown through them. The cutting operation can be carried out after partial inflation of parison 24, but before complete inflation, or during or after the pressure time is maintained during the formation of the initially formed product 50. In other words, the cutting operation can be carried out at any appropriate point in the process.

[020] Como mostrado na Figura 5, o molde 26 pode ser aberto no qual as metades 24a, 24b do parison inflado 24 permanecem em sua metade do molde correspondente 26a, 26b. Em um exemplo, as metades 24a, 24b podem ser realizadas no molde 26 pelas pinças (não mostradas). Em outro exemplo, as metades 24a, 24b podem ser realizadas no molde 26 por talhos ou canais ou pinos (não mostrados) ao redor das metades 24a, 24b. Em mais um exemplo, as metades 24a, 24b pode ser realizadas no molde 26 por vácuo aplicado através de orifícios de vácuo (não mostrados), fornecidos dentro e ao redor das metades de molde 24a, 24b.[020] As shown in Figure 5, the mold 26 can be opened in which the halves 24a, 24b of the inflated parison 24 remain in their half of the corresponding mold 26a, 26b. In one example, halves 24a, 24b can be made in mold 26 by the clamps (not shown). In another example, halves 24a, 24b can be made in mold 26 by gashes or channels or pins (not shown) around halves 24a, 24b. In yet another example, the halves 24a, 24b can be made in the mold 26 by vacuum applied through vacuum holes (not shown), provided in and around the mold halves 24a, 24b.

[021] Em geral, os componentes podem ser introduzidos no molde 26 para localização dentro de um produto moldado acabado. Por exemplo, um ou mais componentes 40, 42, 44, 46 podem ser dispostos coletivamente em um transportador 38 e são introduzidos no molde 2 6 e conectados a uma metade de parison 24a, 24b e/ou a outro. Por exemplo, usando um robô e pinças (não mostrados), um ou mais componentes podem ser colocados em contato com uma superfície interior ou na parede de uma ou ambas as metades de parison 24a, 24b, de tal forma que o componente (s) anexam à parede. Em outro exemplo, o componente (s) pode ser imprecisamente localizado de tal forma que não é anexado à parede (s) das metades 24a, 24b. Tais componentes podem incluir um sensor de nivel de combustível, dispositivos de ventilação, uma bomba de combustível, e um filtro de combustível, onde uma pluralidade de componentes pode ser pré-montada no transportador comum 38, bem como elementos fortificantes 48, que podem atingir a regiões espaçadas do tanque de combustível, por exemplo, uma ou mais regiões de canto. Um transportador comum de exemplo deste tipo é divulgado no Pedido de Patente No. US 12/562, 266 protocolado em 19 de setembro de 2009 e intitulado SUPORTE DE TANQUE DE COMBUSTÍVEL (Documento de Procurador 2681.3322.001), que é atribuído ao cessionário deste instrumento e é aqui incorporado por referência na sua totalidade. Depois de um ou mais componentes serem anexados no interior do tanque de combustível, o robô pode ser afastado do molde 26.[021] In general, components can be inserted into mold 26 for location within a finished molded product. For example, one or more components 40, 42, 44, 46 can be collectively arranged on a conveyor 38 and are introduced into the mold 26 and connected to a parison half 24a, 24b and / or the other. For example, using a robot and tweezers (not shown), one or more components can be placed in contact with an interior surface or the wall of one or both parison halves 24a, 24b, such that the component (s) attach to the wall. In another example, the component (s) can be loosely located in such a way that it is not attached to the wall (s) of the halves 24a, 24b. Such components can include a fuel level sensor, ventilation devices, a fuel pump, and a fuel filter, where a plurality of components can be pre-assembled on the common conveyor 38, as well as strengthening elements 48, which can reach to spaced regions of the fuel tank, for example, one or more corner regions. A common example carrier of this type is disclosed in Patent Application No. US 12/562, 266 filed on September 19, 2009 and entitled FUEL TANK SUPPORT (Attorney Document 2681.3322.001), which is assigned to the assignee of this instrument and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. After one or more components are attached inside the fuel tank, the robot can be removed from the mold 26.

[022] Como mostrado na Figura 6, o molde 26 pode ser fechado para que as metades ainda quentes de parison 24a, 24b sejam fundidas entre si ao longo de suas margens ou bordas correspondentes ao longo da linha pitada para definir um produto moldado 150. Se necessário, um aquecedor (não mostrado) pode ser usado para melhorar a fusão dessas margens ou bordas.[022] As shown in Figure 6, the mold 26 can be closed so that the still hot parison halves 24a, 24b are fused together along their corresponding edges or edges along the pinched line to define a molded product 150. If necessary, a heater (not shown) can be used to improve the fusion of these margins or edges.

[023] O interior do produto moldado 150 pode ser pressurizado por meio da agulha de sopro (s) 30' para criar a forma final e/ou convenientemente resfriar o produto moldado 150. Por exemplo, o produto 150 pode ser pressurizado para dentro de cerca de 0,6 a 2,0 Mpa (6 a 20 bar) (ou, mais especificamente, cerca de 0,8 a 1,0 Mpa (8 a 10 bar)) . O interior do produto, em seguida, 150 pode ser ventilado e a agulha de sopro (s) 30' retraída.[023] The interior of the molded product 150 can be pressurized by means of the blow needle (s) 30 'to create the final shape and / or conveniently cool the molded product 150. For example, product 150 can be pressurized into about 0.6 to 2.0 Mpa (6 to 20 bar) (or, more specifically, about 0.8 to 1.0 Mpa (8 to 10 bar)). The inside of the product then 150 can be ventilated and the blowing needle (s) 30 'retracted.

[024] Em seguida, o molde 26 pode ser aberto, e o produto moldado 150 pode ser removido do molde 2 6, e o produto moldado 150 pode ser simultaneamente ou imediatamente posteriormente rebarbado de sua rebarba 151 e transferido para um destino a jusante. Por exemplo, o tanque 150 pode ser automaticamente rebarbado como mostrado na Figura 6A por qualquer arranjo de rebarbar em molde adequado. Assim, os cortadores 29 e/ou 36 em conjunto com rebarba em molde pode fornecer um produto acabado que não necessita mais ser rebarbado.[024] Thereafter, the mold 26 can be opened, and the molded product 150 can be removed from the mold 26, and the molded product 150 can be simultaneously deburred from its burr 151 and transferred to a downstream destination. For example, tank 150 can be automatically deburred as shown in Figure 6A by any suitable mold deburring arrangement. Thus, cutters 29 and / or 36 together with burr in mold can provide a finished product that no longer needs to be deburred.

[025] Referindo-se geralmente às Figuras 7 a 11, uma outra implementação exemplar do método atualmente divulgado podem ser realizada usando qualquer aparelho adequado e é divulgada aqui como sendo realizada em conjunto com um aparelho exemplar 220. Esta implementação é similar em muitos aspectos aquela da Figura 1 a 6 e, os mesmos numerais entre as implementações geralmente designam os mesmos elementos ou correspondentes em todas as várias vistas das figuras. Assim, a descrição acima é incorporada à seguinte descrição por referência em sua totalidade, e vice-versa. Além disso, a descrição da matéria comum geralmente pode não ser repetida aqui.[025] Referring generally to Figures 7 to 11, another exemplary implementation of the method currently disclosed can be performed using any suitable apparatus and is disclosed here as being performed in conjunction with an exemplary 220 apparatus. This implementation is similar in many respects that of Figure 1 to 6 and, the same numerals between implementations generally designate the same elements or correspondents in all the various views of the figures. Thus, the above description is incorporated into the following description by reference in its entirety, and vice versa. In addition, the description of ordinary matter may not generally be repeated here.

[026] Como mostrado nas Figuras 7 e 8, um parison 224 pode ser produzido por extrusão ou co-extrusão para produzir duas porções enfraquecidas estendendo longitudinalmente 225a, 225B, que podem ser diametralmente opostas. Em uma implementação, as partes enfraquecidas incluem entalhes ou porções de parede afinadas que podem se estender longitudinalmente ao longo do comprimento total do parison 224. Como melhor mostrado na Figura 8, as partes enfraquecidas 225, 225B podem ser formadas ao longo de uma superfície interior, uma superfície exterior, ou ambas. Por exemplo, referindo-se à Figura 1, a extrusora 22 pode inclui um bocal 23 com características de extrusão da forma macho (não mostrado), correspondente às porções enfraquecidas da forma fêmea 225, 225B (Figura 8). Em outro exemplo dessa aplicação, características de extrusão da forma macho podem ser localizada a jusante do bocal 23, por exemplo, em um anel montado para o bocal 23. Em outra aplicação, não mostrada, as porções enfraquecidas pode ser perfurações estendendo longitudinalmente que podem ser produzidas por rodas de raios no bocal de extrusão 23. Em uma implementação adicional, não mostrada, as porções enfraquecidas pode ser cortes parciais estendendo longitudinalmente que não perfuram através da parede do parison 224. Tais cortes parciais podem ser produzidos por lâminas rotativas, como cortadores tipo de pizza, no bico de extrusão 23.[026] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, a parison 224 can be produced by extrusion or co-extrusion to produce two weakened portions extending longitudinally 225a, 225B, which can be diametrically opposed. In one implementation, the weakened parts include indented grooves or wall portions that can extend longitudinally along the total length of the parison 224. As best shown in Figure 8, the weakened parts 225, 225B can be formed along an interior surface , an outer surface, or both. For example, referring to Figure 1, the extruder 22 may include a nozzle 23 with extrusion characteristics of the male form (not shown), corresponding to the weakened portions of the female form 225, 225B (Figure 8). In another example of this application, extrusion characteristics of the male form can be located downstream of the nozzle 23, for example, in a ring mounted for the nozzle 23. In another application, not shown, the weakened portions can be perforations extending longitudinally which can be produced by spokes wheels in the extrusion nozzle 23. In an additional implementation, not shown, the weakened portions can be partial cuts extending longitudinally that do not pierce through the wall of the parison 224. Such partial cuts can be produced by rotating blades, such as pizza type cutters, on the extrusion nozzle 23.

[027] Em qualquer caso, o parison 224 então pode ser transportado para o molde aberto 226 da Figura 7, pelas pinças de transporte 28a, 28b da Figura 1. Mas antes das pinças de transporte 28a, 28b (Figura 1) soltarem o parison 224, como mostrado nas Figuras 7 e 8, conjuntos opostos de pinças 252a, 252b dispostos no molde 226 podem ser avançados para engatar o parison 224 adjacente às porções enfraquecidas 225, 225B em lados opostos das porções enfraquecidas 225, 225B. As pinças 252a, 252b podem ser pinças a vácuo, ou qualquer outro tipo adequado de pinças. O parison 224 pode ser introduzido no molde aberto 226 e posicionado entre as metades de molde aberto 226a, 226b pelos conjuntos opostos de pinças 252a, 252b.[027] In any case, the parison 224 can then be transported to the open mold 226 of Figure 7, by the transport clamps 28a, 28b of Figure 1. But before the transport clamps 28a, 28b (Figure 1) release the parison 224, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, opposing sets of clamps 252a, 252b arranged in the mold 226 can be advanced to engage the parison 224 adjacent to the weakened portions 225, 225B on opposite sides of the weakened portions 225, 225B. Tweezers 252a, 252b can be vacuum tweezers, or any other suitable type of tweezers. Parison 224 can be introduced into open mold 226 and positioned between open mold halves 226a, 226b by the opposing sets of clamps 252a, 252b.

[028] Os conjuntos opostos de pinças 252a, 252b podem ser recolhidos ou afastados uns dos outros, para dividir ou romper o parison 224 em pedaços ao longo das porções enfraquecidas 225, 225B, para que, por exemplo, uma metade 224b possa ser presa realizada por pelo menos um conjunto de pinças 252a e uma outra metade 224b possa ser presa por pelo menos um conjunto oposto de pinças 252b. Qualquer quantidade, tamanho e configuração adequados de pinças pode ser usado. Como usado aqui, o termo pinça inclui todos os componentes para prender o parison 224 a um grau suficiente para permitir separar as metades de parison 224, 224b do parison todo 224.[028] The opposing sets of tweezers 252a, 252b can be retracted or separated from each other, to split or break the parison 224 into pieces along the weakened portions 225, 225B, so that, for example, a half 224b can be secured made by at least one set of clamps 252a and another half 224b can be secured by at least one opposite set of clamps 252b. Any suitable number, size and configuration of tweezers can be used. As used herein, the term tweezers includes all components for securing parison 224 to a sufficient degree to allow separation of parison halves 224, 224b from entire parison 224.

[029] Referindo-se à Figura 9, as metades de parison divididas 224, 224b estão posicionadas contra as metades de molde 226a, 226b para criar um ajuste de vedação de partes externas das metades de parison 226a, 226b em partes externas correspondentes das metades de molde 226a, 226b. Por exemplo, as pinças 252a, 252b podem continuar a retrair e podem de outra forma ser movidas para posicionar as metades de parison 224, 224b contra faces abertas das metades de molde 226a, 226b. Como mostrado na Figura 10, os espaços 227a, 227B entre as metades de parison 224, 224b e as metades de molde 226a, 226b podem então ser evacuados para formar á vácuo ou por sucção duas metades de tanque 228, 228b contra superficies com recesso das metades de molde 226a, 226b.[029] Referring to Figure 9, the split parison halves 224, 224b are positioned against the mold halves 226a, 226b to create a sealing fit of the outer parts of the parison halves 226a, 226b at corresponding outer parts of the halves mold 226a, 226b. For example, the clamps 252a, 252b may continue to retract and may otherwise be moved to position the parison halves 224, 224b against open faces of the mold halves 226a, 226b. As shown in Figure 10, the spaces 227a, 227B between the parison halves 224, 224b and the mold halves 226a, 226b can then be evacuated to vacuum or suction two tank halves 228, 228b against recessed surfaces. mold halves 226a, 226b.

[030] Um ou mais componentes individuais ou uma pluralidade de componentes 40-46 coletivamente dispostos em um transportador 38 podem ser introduzidos no molde 226 e conectados a uma ou ambas metades de tanque agora formadas 228, 228b. Como mostrado na Figura 11, o molde 226 pode então ser fechado, para fundir as metades de tanque 228a, 228b umas às outras ao longo de suas bordas correspondentes com os componentes e/ou transportador mantidos entre as metades de tanque. 0 molde 226 pode ser aberto e um tanque moldado 250 pode ser removido.[030] One or more individual components or a plurality of components 40-46 collectively arranged on a conveyor 38 can be introduced into the mold 226 and connected to one or both tank halves now formed 228, 228b. As shown in Figure 11, the mold 226 can then be closed to fuse the tank halves 228a, 228b with each other along their corresponding edges with the components and / or conveyor held between the tank halves. The mold 226 can be opened and a molded tank 250 can be removed.

[031] Referindo-se geralmente às Figuras 12 a 16, uma implementação mais exemplar do método atualmente divulgado pode ser realizada usando qualquer aparelho adequado e, mais especificamente, pode ser realizada em conjunto com um aparelho 320 e com as outras duas implementações do método descritas acima. Esta implementação é semelhante em muitos aspectos aquela das Figuras 1 a 11 e mesmos numerais entre as implementações geralmente designam mesmos elementos ou correspondentes em todas as várias vistas das figuras. Assim, as descrições anteriores são incorporadas à seguinte descrição por referência em suas totalidades. Além disso, a descrição de matéria comum geralmente pode não ser repetida aqui .[031] Referring generally to Figures 12 to 16, a more exemplary implementation of the method currently disclosed can be performed using any suitable device and, more specifically, can be performed in conjunction with a 320 device and the other two implementations of the method described above. This implementation is similar in many respects to that of Figures 1 to 11 and the same numerals between the implementations generally designate the same elements or correspondents in all the various views of the figures. Thus, the previous descriptions are incorporated into the following description by reference in their entirety. In addition, the description of common material may generally not be repeated here.

[032] Em primeiro lugar, conforme ilustrado na Figura 12, filme 352 pode ser posicionado em um molde aberto 326 entre as metades de molde 32 6a, 32 6b. De acordo com um exemplo, o filme 352 pode incluir folhas de filme, filme pulverizado, revestimento de filme, ou algo semelhante. Por exemplo, rolos 354 do filme 352 podem ser colocados acima ou em uma extremidade superior das metades de molde 326a, 326b, e conjuntos opostos de pinças de filme 356A, 356B podem apertar porções correspondentes do filme 352 a partir dos rolos do filme 354 e puxar o filme 352 para baixo, para uma posição igual ou inferior a uma extremidade inferior das metades de molde 326a, 326b, de modo a posicionar o filme 352 na frente de cada metade do molde aberto 326a, 326b.[032] First, as shown in Figure 12, film 352 can be positioned in an open mold 326 between the mold halves 32 6a, 32 6b. According to an example, film 352 can include film sheets, pulverized film, film coating, or the like. For example, rolls 354 of film 352 can be placed above or at an upper end of mold halves 326a, 326b, and opposite sets of film clamps 356A, 356B can pinch corresponding portions of film 352 from film rolls 354 and pull the film 352 down to a position equal to or less than a lower end of the mold halves 326a, 326b, so as to position the film 352 in front of each half of the open mold 326a, 326b.

[033] Em uma modalidade, como mostrado na Figura 12, o filme 352 pode estar localizado dentro de metades de parison separadas 324a, 324b, e posicionado ou colocado contra a superfície interna das metades de parison 324a< 324b. As metades de parison 324a, 324b podem ser separadas uma da outra em qualquer forma adequada, por exemplo, incluindo corte ou rompimento. Então, espaços 327a, 327b entre as metades de parison 324a, 324b e as metades de molde 326a, 326b são evacuados para formar à vácuo ou por sucção duas metades de tanque 324a, 324b contra superficies com recessos das metades de molde 326a, 326b, como mostrado na Figura 13. Posteriormente, o molde 320 pode ser fechado de forma a fundir a agora formada metades de tanque 328a, 328b umas às outras ao longo de suas bordas correspondentes para formar um tanque de combustível 350, como mostrado na Figura 14. Como uma variação sobre este modalidade, filmes em vez podem ser revestimentos que podem ser pulverizados contra a superfície interna das metades de parison 324a, 324b. Como usado aqui, o termo "aplicação" inclui, por exemplo, a colocação ou pulverização. Um spray exemplar pode incluir qualquer adequado poli-álcool vinilico, poliamida, ou coisa parecida. Em outra modalidade, as metades de tanque formadas 328a, 328b, com ou sem o filme, podem ser tratadas com fluoro-gás em uma reação quimica de fluoração para fornecer uma barreira ou resistência à penetração.[033] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 12, film 352 can be located within separate parison halves 324a, 324b, and positioned or placed against the inner surface of parison halves 324a <324b. Parison halves 324a, 324b can be separated from each other in any suitable form, for example, including cutting or breaking. Then, spaces 327a, 327b between the parison halves 324a, 324b and the mold halves 326a, 326b are evacuated to vacuum or suction form two tank halves 324a, 324b against recessed surfaces of the mold halves 326a, 326b, as shown in Figure 13. Thereafter, the mold 320 can be closed to fuse the now formed tank halves 328a, 328b to each other along their corresponding edges to form a fuel tank 350, as shown in Figure 14. As a variation on this embodiment, films can instead be coatings that can be sprayed against the inner surface of the parison halves 324a, 324b. As used herein, the term "application" includes, for example, placement or spraying. An exemplary spray can include any suitable polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, or the like. In another embodiment, the formed tank halves 328a, 328b, with or without the film, can be treated with fluoro-gas in a chemical fluorination reaction to provide a barrier or resistance to penetration.

[034] Em uma outra modalidade, representada na Figura 15 filmes, podem ser colocados contra metades de molde 326a, 326b, e de acordo com um aspecto desta modalidades, metades de parison separadas 324a, 324b então podem ser colocadas contra a superfície interna do filme 352. De acordo com um aspecto diferente, não ilustrado, desta modalidade, o parison pode ser expandido em contato com o filme em um molde parcialmente aberto e, posteriormente, corte ao longo das lacunas entre as metades de molde, como descrito anteriormente em relação às Figuras 4 e 4A. Como mostrado na Figura 15, os espaços entre o filme 352 e as metades de molde são evacuados para formar a vácuo ou por sucção duas metades de tanque 428a, 428B contra superficies com recessos das metades de molde 326a, 326b, como mostrado na Figura 15. Posteriormente, o molde 326 pode ser fechado de forma a fundir as metades de tanque agora formadas 428a, 428B umas às outras ao longo de suas bordas correspondentes para formar um tanque de combustível 450, como mostrado na Figura 16.[034] In another embodiment, shown in Figure 15 films, can be placed against mold halves 326a, 326b, and according to one aspect of this embodiment, separate parison halves 324a, 324b can then be placed against the inner surface of the film 352. According to a different aspect, not illustrated, of this modality, the parison can be expanded in contact with the film in a partially open mold and, later, cut along the gaps between the mold halves, as previously described in with respect to Figures 4 and 4A. As shown in Figure 15, the spaces between the film 352 and the mold halves are evacuated to vacuum or suction two tank halves 428a, 428B against surfaces with recesses of the mold halves 326a, 326b, as shown in Figure 15 Thereafter, the mold 326 can be closed to fuse the now formed tank halves 428a, 428B with each other along their corresponding edges to form a fuel tank 450, as shown in Figure 16.

[035] Em uma modalidade adicional representada na Figura 17, filmes 352, 353 podem ser colocados tanto dentro como fora das metades de parison 524a, 524B. Por exemplo, um primeiro conjunto de filme 352 pode ser colocado contra as metades de molde 326a, 326b, em seguida, as metades de parison 524a, 524B colocadas adjacentes ao primeiro conjunto de filme 352, e, posteriormente, um segundo conjunto de filme 353 pode ser colocado contra a superfície interna das metades de parison 524a 524B, de forma a fazer um sanduíche com as metades de parison 524a, 524B entre dois conjuntos de filmes 352, 353. Posteriormente, o molde 32 6 pode ser fechado de modo a fundir a agora formada metades de tanque 528a, 528b umas às outras ao longo de suas bordas correspondentes para formar um tanque de combustível 550, como mostrado na Figura 18. Nesta modalidade, o primeiro e segundo conjuntos de filme podem ter diferentes configurações de camada estrutural e/ou podem ser compostos de materiais diferentes. Várias configurações de filmes e materiais são discutidos abaixo.[035] In an additional embodiment shown in Figure 17, films 352, 353 can be placed both inside and outside the parison halves 524a, 524B. For example, a first set of film 352 can be placed against the mold halves 326a, 326b, then the parison halves 524a, 524B placed adjacent to the first set of film 352, and thereafter a second set of film 353 can be placed against the inner surface of the parison halves 524a 524B, in order to sandwich the parison halves 524a, 524B between two sets of films 352, 353. Thereafter, the mold 32 6 can be closed to melt the now formed tank halves 528a, 528b each other along their corresponding edges to form a fuel tank 550, as shown in Figure 18. In this embodiment, the first and second sets of film may have different structural layer configurations and / or can be made up of different materials. Various configurations of films and materials are discussed below.

[036] O filme pode ser fornecido em qualquer quantidade adequada de camadas e configurações, incluindo uma ou mais camadas de adesivo (a), camadas de barreira (b), e/ou camadas estruturais (c) . Em uma modalidade, o filme pode ser um filme de cinco ou mais camadas tendo a seguinte configuração básica: c/a/b/a/c. Em outra modalidade, o filme pode ser um filme de três ou mais camadas tendo a seguinte configuração básica: a / b / a. Em ainda outra modalidade, o filme pode ser um filme de duas ou mais camadas tendo a seguinte configuração básica: a/b, onde uma camada pode ser orientada para contatar com sua metade de parison correspondente. O filme pode ter qualquer número adequado de camadas e pode incluir camadas adicionais não descritas aqui.[036] The film can be supplied in any suitable number of layers and configurations, including one or more layers of adhesive (a), barrier layers (b), and / or structural layers (c). In one embodiment, the film can be a film of five or more layers having the following basic configuration: c / a / b / a / c. In another modality, the film can be a film of three or more layers having the following basic configuration: a / b / a. In yet another modality, the film can be a film of two or more layers having the following basic configuration: a / b, where a layer can be oriented to contact its corresponding parison half. The film can have any suitable number of layers and can include additional layers not described here.

[037] Em uma modalidade exemplar, os filmes 352, 353 podem incluir filmes de múltiplas camadas incluindo a camada adesiva (a) que pode ser orientada para o contato com um correspondente de duas metades de tanque para que as metades de tanque relativamente quentes, pelo menos parcialmente derretam a camada adesiva para boa fusão dos filmes para as metades de tanque. Uma resina exemplar para a camada adesiva pode incluir anidrido maleico enxertado de polietileno linear de baixa densidade.[037] In an exemplary embodiment, films 352, 353 can include multilayer films including the adhesive layer (a) that can be oriented towards contact with a two-tank tank correspondent so that the tank halves are relatively hot, at least partially melt the adhesive layer for good melting of the films for the tank halves. An exemplary resin for the adhesive layer may include low density linear polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride.

[038] Além disso, o filme de múltiplas camadas pode incluir a camada de barreira (b) que pode ou não ser derretida pelo calor das metades de tanque, de modo a preservar a integridade estrutural do filme. Uma resina exemplar para a camada de barreira pode incluir copolimero de etileno vinil álcool (EVOH), poloximetilenos (POM), elastômeros termoplásticos de poliéster (TPE), que pode incluir TPE da marca "Hytrel" disponível pela DuPont de Delaware ou qualquer outro TPE adequado. Outra camada de resina de barreira exemplar pode incluir qualquer um de uma série de materiais à base poliamida (PA) , por exemplo, PA 12, PA 6/6-6 copolimeros com um ponto de fusão de 195° c 200° C ou PA 6, com um ponto de fusão 220° C a 225° C. Outro material pode incluir MXD6 PA, que é um PA semi- aromático que está disponível, por exemplo, por Solvay Advanced Polymers or Mitsubishi Gas Chemicals. Um material PA ainda pode incluir um PA e mistura de polietileno, como uma mistura ou liga, por exemplo, marca de polímeros ORGALLOY disponível a partir de Arkema, ou possivelmente um polímero da marca Zytel disponível a partir de DuPont. Em outra modalidade, a camada de barreira pode incluir qualquer material nanocompósito adequado, por exemplo, material de nanoargila ou material de nanotubos, para melhorar o desempenho da barreira. Em uma modalidade adicional, a camada de barreira pode ser uma combinação de EVOH e ORG LIGA ® FT-104 disponível a partir de Arkema.[038] In addition, the multilayer film may include the barrier layer (b) which may or may not be melted by the heat of the tank halves, in order to preserve the structural integrity of the film. An exemplary resin for the barrier layer may include ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), poloxymethylenes (POM), polyester thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), which may include "Hytrel" TPE available from DuPont of Delaware or any other TPE appropriate. Another exemplary barrier resin layer can include any of a series of polyamide (PA) based materials, for example, PA 12, PA 6 / 6-6 copolymers with a melting point of 195 ° C 200 ° C or PA 6, with a melting point of 220 ° C to 225 ° C. Another material may include MXD6 PA, which is a semi-aromatic PA that is available, for example, from Solvay Advanced Polymers or Mitsubishi Gas Chemicals. A PA material may further include a PA and polyethylene mixture, such as a mixture or alloy, for example, ORGALLOY brand of polymers available from Arkema, or possibly a Zytel brand polymer available from DuPont. In another embodiment, the barrier layer can include any suitable nanocomposite material, for example, nano-clay material or nanotube material, to improve the performance of the barrier. In an additional embodiment, the barrier layer can be a combination of EVOH and ORG LIGA ® FT-104 available from Arkema.

[039] Além disso, o filme de múltiplas camadas pode incluir a camada estrutural (c) para melhorar a integridade estrutural do filme. Uma resina exemplar para a camada estrutural pode ser da mesma composição que o parison extrudado, por exemplo, PEAD. Outra resina exemplar para a camada interna estrutural pode incluir PE, PA, ou qualquer outro polímero, e suas versões eletricamente condutivas, que pode ser obtido, por exemplo, compondo sua base de resina com cargas eletricamente condutivas ou nanotubos, por exemplo. Além disso, a camada estrutural e/ou uma ou mais das outras camadas podem ser fornecidos como material virgem ou retificado da produção.[039] In addition, the multilayer film may include structural layer (c) to improve the structural integrity of the film. An exemplary resin for the structural layer can be of the same composition as the extruded parison, for example, HDPE. Another exemplary resin for the structural inner layer can include PE, PA, or any other polymer, and their electrically conductive versions, which can be obtained, for example, by composing their resin base with electrically conductive charges or nanotubes, for example. In addition, the structural layer and / or one or more of the other layers can be supplied as virgin or rectified material from production.

[040] Em uma modalidade, a camada estrutural (c) pode não ser uma camada condutora e, em vez pode ser composta de, por exemplo, PEAD, e um material condutor separado poderia estar presente na forma de uma fina camada interior.[040] In one embodiment, the structural layer (c) may not be a conductive layer and may instead be composed of, for example, HDPE, and a separate conductive material could be present in the form of a thin inner layer.

[041] Em uma outra modalidade da camada estrutural (c) de um filme multicamadas, a camada estrutural pode ser composta de um material que não se une ao material das metades de parison de modo a deixar um espaço entre as camadas estruturais e as metades de parison. Nesta modalidade, o filme pode ser fundido ou soldado em si mesmo em linhas pitadas do tanque de combustível formado. Por exemplo, inserções de molde aquecidas (não mostradas) podem ser usadas para elevar a temperatura do material nas linhas pitadas de forma a fundir o filme junto. Neste caso em particular, os polímeros eletricamente condutivos podem ser desejáveis se as inserções de molde aquecidas são aquecedores tipo indução.[041] In another embodiment of the structural layer (c) of a multilayer film, the structural layer can be composed of a material that does not join with the material of the parison halves in order to leave a space between the structural layers and the halves of parison. In this mode, the film can be fused or welded to itself in pinched lines from the formed fuel tank. For example, heated mold inserts (not shown) can be used to raise the temperature of the material in the pinched lines to fuse the film together. In this particular case, electrically conductive polymers may be desirable if the heated mold inserts are induction type heaters.

[042] Em uma outra modalidade relacionada ao parágrafo anterior, o filme poderia ser fornecido como um filme de camada única, incluindo apenas a camada de barreira. Nesta modalidade, a camada de barreira pode ser disposta de modo a deixar um espaço entre a camada de barreira e as metades de parison. Nesta modalidade, o filme monocamada de barreira pode ser fundido ou soldado em si mesmo em linhas pitadas do tanque de combustível formado. Por exemplo, inserções de molde aquecidas (não mostradas) podem ser usadas para elevar a temperatura do material nas linhas pitadas de forma a fundir o filme junto. Neste caso em particular, os polímeros eletricamente condutivos podem ser desejáveis se as inserções de molde aquecidas são aquecedores tipo indução.[042] In another modality related to the previous paragraph, the film could be supplied as a single layer film, including only the barrier layer. In this embodiment, the barrier layer can be arranged to leave a space between the barrier layer and the parison halves. In this embodiment, the monolayer barrier film can be fused or welded to itself in pinched lines of the formed fuel tank. For example, heated mold inserts (not shown) can be used to raise the temperature of the material in the pinched lines to fuse the film together. In this particular case, electrically conductive polymers may be desirable if the heated mold inserts are induction type heaters.

[043] Apesar de certas modalidades preferidas terem sido mostradas e descritas, pessoas de habilidade comum nesta arte reconhecerão facilmente que a descrição anterior foi estabelecida em termos de descrição em vez de limitação, e que várias modificações e substituições podem ser feitas sem se afastar do espirito e âmbito de aplicação da invenção. Por exemplo, embora descrito com respeito a um tanque de combustível, os métodos e aparelhos atualmente divulgados podem ser usados com quaisquer outros recipientes adequados de qualquer tipo. A invenção é definida pelas reivindicações seguintes.[043] Although certain preferred modalities have been shown and described, people of ordinary skill in this art will easily recognize that the previous description was established in terms of description rather than limitation, and that various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, although described with respect to a fuel tank, the methods and apparatus currently disclosed can be used with any other suitable containers of any type. The invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims (4)

1. Método de fabricar um produto, compreendendo: extrusão de um parison (224) de plástico annular aquecido para incluir partes longitudinalmente enfraquecidas (225a, 225B); antes de moldar e sem ter colocado o parison em um molde, apertar o parison com pinças opostas (252a, 252b) sem ser um molde em lados opostos das partes enfraquecidas (225a, 225B) e retrair as pinças opostas (252a, 252b) para fazer com que as pinças puxem no parison e rompem o parison em pedaços entre as pinças opostas (252a, 252b) para separar o parison em metades separadas de parison (224, 224b); caracterizadopelo fato de que posicionar as metades separadas de parison (224, 224b) entre metades opostas de molde aberto (226); deslocar as metades separadas de parison para dentro das metades de molde para pelo menos parcialmente formar metades de produto; introduzir pelo menos um componente entre as metades de produto, e fechar as metades de molde juntas envolta do pelo menos um componente para fundir as metades de produto umas às outras ao longo das bordas correspondentes das metades de produto.1. A method of making a product, comprising: extruding a heated annular plastic parison (224) to include longitudinally weakened parts (225a, 225B); before molding and without placing the parison in a mold, tighten the parison with opposite clamps (252a, 252b) without being a mold on opposite sides of the weakened parts (225a, 225B) and retract the opposite clamps (252a, 252b) to causing the clamps to pull on the parison and break the parison into pieces between the opposite clamps (252a, 252b) to separate the parison into separate parison halves (224, 224b); characterized by the fact that positioning the separate parison halves (224, 224b) between opposite open mold halves (226); moving the separate parison halves into the mold halves to at least partially form product halves; introducing at least one component between the product halves, and closing the mold halves together around the at least one component to fuse the product halves together along the corresponding edges of the product halves. 2. Método, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizadopelo fato de ainda compreende: com as pinças opostas, posicionar as metades separadas de parison contra as metades correspondentes de molde aberto, e evacuar os espaços entre as metades de parison e as metades de molde para formar a vácuo as metades de parison nas metades de produto.2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it still comprises: with the opposite clamps, position the separate parison halves against the corresponding open mold halves, and evacuate the spaces between the parison halves and the mold halves to vacuum form the parison halves in the product halves. 3. Método, de acordo com a reivindicação 2, caracterizadopelo fato de as partes longitudinalmente enfraquecidas inluem entalhes ou porções de parede afinadas ou cortes parciais no parison dispostos de modo que o parison não seja completamente separado em metades até que o mesmo seja agido sobre pelas pinças.3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinally weakened parts include notches or tuned wall portions or partial cuts in the parison arranged so that the parison is not completely separated into halves until it is acted on by tweezers. 4. Método, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, caracterizadopelo fato de que ainda compreende a aplicação de um filme contra pelo menos uma das metades de parison ou das metades de molde.4. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it still comprises the application of a film against at least one of the parison halves or the mold halves.
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