BRPI0615981B1 - ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE - Google Patents
ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE Download PDFInfo
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- BRPI0615981B1 BRPI0615981B1 BRPI0615981-8A BRPI0615981A BRPI0615981B1 BR PI0615981 B1 BRPI0615981 B1 BR PI0615981B1 BR PI0615981 A BRPI0615981 A BR PI0615981A BR PI0615981 B1 BRPI0615981 B1 BR PI0615981B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
- B23P9/04—Treating or finishing by hammering or applying repeated pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
- B24B39/006—Peening and tools therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/066—Electromagnets with movable winding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
- H02K33/16—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with polarised armatures moving in alternate directions by reversal or energisation of a single coil system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
- H02K33/18—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
- H02P25/024—Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/032—Reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating motors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/02—Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Moving Of Heads (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DISPOSITIVO ELETROMECÂNICOELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE
A invenção se refere a um dispositivo de martelagem eletromecânico e um processo de martelagem para fins de alisamento e solidificação a frio da superfície de ferramentas, peças de máquinas e outras peças através da martelagem da superfície dessas peças para a instalação em uma máquina fresadora ou um robô.The invention relates to an electromechanical hammering device and a hammering process for smoothing and cold solidifying the surface of tools, machine parts and other parts by hammering the surface of these parts for installation on a milling machine or a robot.
Um dispositivo dessa espécie é mostrado no pedido de patente publicado DE 197 32 790.7-14. Neste dispositivo, um cabeçote com amplitude constante se movimenta em sentidoSuch a device is shown in published patent application DE 197 32 790.7-14. In this device, a head with constant amplitude moves in the direction
trabalhar.to work.
Esse dispositivo apresenta desvantagens consideráveis na prática. Os movimentos de percussão são produzidos mecanicamente de forma positiva. Por isso, o dispositivo é submetido a um enorme desgaste do disco de curvas ou de eixo. O cabeçote percute sobre a superfície da peça com amplitude constante, independentemente da localização, forma e rigidez ou grau de dureza da superfície. Isto restringe a aplicação desse dispositivo a poucos casos.This device has considerable disadvantages in practice. Percussion movements are produced mechanically in a positive way. For this reason, the device is subjected to enormous wear on the curved disk or shaft. The head strikes the surface of the part with constant amplitude, regardless of the location, shape and rigidity or degree of hardness of the surface. This restricts the application of that device to a few cases.
O pedido de patente publicado DE 102 43 415 A1 descreve um dispositivo similar, no qual o movimento do cabeçote é movido pela conversão do ultra-som e um movimento mecânico. Entretanto, esse pedido de patente publicado não divulga o modo de transformação do ultra-som no movimento do cabeçote percussor, nem comenta nada sobre a amplitude da percussão.Published patent application DE 102 43 415 A1 describes a similar device, in which the movement of the head is moved by the conversion of the ultrasound and a mechanical movement. However, this published patent application does not disclose the method of transforming ultrasound in the movement of the percussion head, nor does it comment on anything about the amplitude of the percussion.
A presente invenção tem por objetivo, por sua vez, alisar e solidificar a superfície de ferramentas,----Petição 870190082265, de 23/08/2019, pág. 7/10The present invention aims, in turn, to smooth and solidify the tool surface, ---- Petition 870190082265, of 23/08/2019, p. 7/10
2/8 peças em bruto e componentes de máquinas, com um mínimo de desgaste, abrasão e gasto de energia, através da adaptação variável da frequência e amplitude de percussão, bem como através da adaptação variável da posição zero ou passagem zero da frequência de percussão da forma local·, espessura de parede e grau de dureza das peças.2/8 blanks and machine components, with a minimum of wear, abrasion and energy expenditure, through the variable adaptation of the percussion frequency and amplitude, as well as through the variable adaptation of the zero position or zero passage of the percussion frequency local shape ·, wall thickness and degree of hardness of the pieces.
Esse objetivo é solucionado, de acordo com a invenção, com as características indicadas na reivindicação 1.This objective is solved, according to the invention, with the characteristics indicated in claim 1.
As reivindicações dependentes representam os aperfeiçoamentos adicionais vantajosos da invenção.The dependent claims represent the additional advantageous improvements of the invention.
Graças à suspensão magnética do cabeçote de percussão, com posição de repouso variável, porém definida, associada ao controle e/ou regulagem elétrica e eletrônica, dependente dos parâmetros geométricos e do material, para a frequência e amplitude da percussão, poderá ser estabelecida e regulada, de acordo com a invenção, a melhor freqüência de percussão e amplitude, bem como a posição de repouso do cabeçote de percussão, determinada e estabelecida para cada posição em uma superfície de peça em bruto, permitindo que seja obtido o melhor resultado, em um espaço de tempo menor, com um mínimo de gasto de energia.Thanks to the magnetic suspension of the percussion head, with a variable but defined resting position, associated with the control and / or electrical and electronic regulation, depending on the geometric parameters and the material, for the frequency and amplitude of the percussion, it can be established and regulated , according to the invention, the best percussion frequency and amplitude, as well as the resting position of the percussion head, determined and established for each position on a blank surface, allowing the best result to be obtained, in a shorter time span with minimal energy expenditure.
Na configuração mais simples, o dispositivo de acordo com a invenção possui um cabeçote de percussão geralmente esférico, que consiste de um material muito ouro. O caõeçote de percussão esta disposto em um suporte, podendo ser substituído. Desta forma, ele poderá ser substituído por um outro cabeçote, por exemplo em forma de êmbolo, para produzir superfícies texturizadas.In the simplest configuration, the device according to the invention has a generally spherical percussion head, which consists of a very gold material. The percussion chamber is arranged on a support and can be replaced. In this way, it can be replaced by another head, for example in the form of a plunger, to produce textured surfaces.
Pelo menos uma parte do suporte do cabeçote de percussão é conduzida magneticamente e mantida em uma posição de repouso preferível através de um fluxo magnético em forma de tubo anelar. Ela é conduzida mantida lateralmente por mancais radiais ou por mancais magnéticos ou por outros tipos de mancais, podendo executar oscilações axiais a partir de sua posição de repouso. Esse primeiro fluxo magnético é produzido por um anel magnético 5 permanente magnetizado axialmente, que envolve em sentido coaxial pela parte magnética do suporte do cabeçote de percussão, sendo regulável, por sua vez, em sentido axial, ou é produzido por uma bobina cilíndrica atravessada por uma corrente regulada, que se encontra em sentido coaxial 10 na peça magnética do suporte do cabeçote de percussão.At least a part of the percussion head support is guided magnetically and maintained in a preferable resting position by means of a magnetic flux in the form of an annular tube. It is conducted maintained laterally by radial bearings or by magnetic bearings or by other types of bearings, and it can perform axial oscillations from its resting position. This first magnetic flux is produced by an axially magnetized permanent magnetic ring 5, which coaxially envelops the magnetic part of the percussion head support, being adjustable, in turn, axially, or produced by a cylindrical coil traversed by a regulated current, which is coaxial 10 in the magnetic part of the percussion head support.
Neste último caso, a bobina poderá consistir de vários enrolamentos parciais, que são acionados, paralela ou opostamente, ou em série, de acordo com a demanda de potência do campo magnético e posição de repouso do 15 cabeçote de percussão e que são atravessados pela corrente.In the latter case, the coil may consist of several partial windings, which are driven, parallel or opposite, or in series, according to the magnetic field power demand and the resting position of the percussion head and which are crossed by the current .
Estimulado pelo fluxo de uma corrente regulada e/ou pulsante, com ou sem uma participação da corrente continua, por uma segunda bobina que se encontra no mesmo campo magnético ou e uma segunda ramificação, por exemplo, 20 fluxo externo, do mesmo campo magnético, bobina essa fixada no suporte do cabeçote de percussão e disposta em sentido coaxial, o cabeçote de percussão se desloca em oscilações axiais com frequência e amplitude definidas, permitindo que a posição central ou a passagem zero das oscilações de 25 percussão seja regulada conforme desejado. Desta forma, a frequência de percussão, a amplitude de percussão e a posição central ou passagem por zero das oscilações de percussão são adaptadas às proporções geométricas e propriedades mecânicas da peça trabalhada.Stimulated by the flow of a regulated and / or pulsating current, with or without a participation of the direct current, by a second coil that is in the same magnetic field or and a second branch, for example, 20 external flow, of the same magnetic field, this coil fixed in the support of the percussion head and arranged in a coaxial direction, the percussion head moves in axial oscillations with defined frequency and amplitude, allowing the central position or zero passage of the 25 percussion oscillations to be regulated as desired. In this way, the percussion frequency, the percussion amplitude and the central position or passage through zero of the percussion oscillations are adapted to the geometric proportions and mechanical properties of the workpiece.
Uma outra configuração vantajosa da invenção prevê que, no lugar do anel magnético permanente, sejam dispostos uma pluralidade de imãs permanentes menores em forma de cilindro, paralelos um ao outro, em cilindro aoAnother advantageous configuration of the invention provides that, in place of the permanent magnetic ring, a plurality of smaller permanent magnets in the shape of a cylinder, parallel to each other, are arranged in a cylinder to the left.
4/8 redor da peça magnética do suporte do cabeçote de percussão. De maneira análoga, os imãs permanentes pequenos também podem ser substituídos por bobinas atravessadas pela corrente contínua. Através da constelação dos imãs permanentes ou das bobinas, surgem dois fluxos magnéticos distintos, isto é, um fluxc· interno e um fluxo externo. O fluxo magnético interno faz com que o suporte do cabeçote de percussão adote uma posição definida. Os enrolamentos da bobina de acionamento podem, neste caso, encontrar-se no fluxo magnético interno, no fluxo magnético externo ou em ambos os fluxos magnéticos. No último caso, os enrolamentos das duas bobinas funcionam em sentido oposto, uma vez que os sentidos do fluxo magnético são opostamente direcionados.4/8 around the magnetic part of the percussion head support. Similarly, small permanent magnets can also be replaced by coils crossed by direct current. Through the constellation of permanent magnets or coils, two distinct magnetic fluxes appear, that is, an internal flux and an external flux. The internal magnetic flux causes the percussion head support to adopt a defined position. In this case, the windings of the drive coil can be found in the internal magnetic flux, in the external magnetic flux or in both magnetic fluxes. In the latter case, the windings of the two coils work in the opposite direction, since the directions of the magnetic flux are oppositely directed.
Um dispositivo projetado desta maneira pode tratar, percutir, alisar e solidificar a frio parcialmente de diversas formas as superfícies de ferramentas e peças brutas. Por meio de ajustes eletrônicos e programa controlado a distância da posição central das oscilações de percussão em relação à superfície da peça bruta, a eficiência do dispositivo é otimizada e consequentemente minimizada a potência dissipada. Desta forma, são processadas, por exemplo, as bordas com frequência superior e amplitudes inferiores, para conservar a forma e o aspecto da peça, bem como não estreitar os orifícios de perfuração.A device designed in this way can partially treat, strike, smooth and solidify the surfaces of tools and blanks in several ways. By means of electronic adjustments and a program controlled at a distance from the central position of the percussion oscillations in relation to the surface of the blank, the efficiency of the device is optimized and consequently the dissipated power is minimized. In this way, edges are processed, for example, with higher frequency and lower amplitudes, to preserve the shape and appearance of the part, as well as not to narrow the drilling holes.
Uma outra utilização vantajosa do disoositivo de acordo com a invenção prevê a combinação desse dispositivo eletromecânico com um sistema CAM analítico desenvolvimento especificadamente para esse objetivo como um novo processo.Another advantageous use of the disoositive according to the invention provides for the combination of that electromechanical device with an analytical CAM system developed specifically for this purpose as a new process.
Os sistemas CAM disponíveis no mercado tratam a superfície de uma peça em bruto através da condução paralela da ferramenta em relação à superfície desejada da peça a trabalhar, o assim chamado processo offset. Em contrapartida, o processo de acordo com a invenção opera com um sistema CAM analítico. Após a análise da superfície em 3D desejada, com o auxilio dos dados geométricos, verifica-se o menor raio de curvatura da superfície e define-se como o maior raio esférico da ferramenta. Após a seleção do raio da ferramenta, o sistema CAM de acordo com a invenção calcula o percurso do ponto central da ferramenta esférica de fresagem e martelagem, no qual uma esfera com o mesmo raio é rodada ao longo de toda a superfície desejada, verificando o local geométrico dos pontos centrais da esfera como nova superfície em 3 D para a condução do ponto central da ferramenta. Em seguida, são calculadas e analisadas as curvaturas da nova superfície em 3 D após o que são verificados os melhores percursos de condução do ponto central da ferramenta, permitindo minimizar as estrias no caso de fresagem e a formação de rebordos no caso de martelagem.The CAM systems available on the market treat the surface of a blank by conducting the tool parallel to the desired surface of the workpiece, the so-called offset process. In contrast, the process according to the invention operates with an analytical CAM system. After analyzing the desired 3D surface, with the aid of geometric data, the smallest radius of curvature of the surface is verified and defined as the largest spherical radius of the tool. After selecting the tool radius, the CAM system according to the invention calculates the path from the center point of the spherical milling and hammering tool, in which a sphere with the same radius is rotated along the entire desired surface, checking the geometric location of the center points of the sphere as a new 3D surface for guiding the center point of the tool. Then, the curvatures of the new surface in 3 D are calculated and analyzed, after which the best conduction paths of the tool's central point are checked, allowing to minimize grooves in the case of milling and the formation of edges in the case of hammering.
O sistema CAM analítico de acordo com a invenção identifica, em qualquer momento, o ponto de contato momentâneo da ferramenta com a superfície da peça a trabalhar, podendo agir correspondentemente. Os percursos planos são tratados com uma outra estratégia mais intensa do que os percursos ou cantos curvados de orifícios, depressões, ranhuras ou bordas de peça bruta.The analytical CAM system according to the invention identifies, at any time, the point of momentary contact of the tool with the workpiece surface, and can act accordingly. Flat paths are treated with a more intense strategy than the curved paths or corners of holes, depressions, grooves or rough edges.
A combinação e acoplamento eletrônico do dispositivo de acordo com a invenção com o sistema CAM analítico descrito acima com ou sem interação de um processo de medição de superfície mecânico ou sem contato, como por exemplo, medição a laser da superfície da peça a trabalhar durante o tratamento, implica um processo de fresagem e de martelagem inteligente e autônomo como requerido em tecnologia de regulagem. As formas de superfície em 3D desejadas, tolerâncias de forma e deThe combination and electronic coupling of the device according to the invention with the analytical CAM system described above with or without interaction of a mechanical or non-contact surface measurement process, such as laser measurement of the workpiece surface during the treatment, implies an intelligent and autonomous milling and hammering process as required in regulation technology. The desired 3D surface shapes, shape and shape tolerances
6/8 localização, bem como as asperezas parciais da superfície e resistências são admitidas e realizadas automaticamente por esse sistema inteligente.6/8 location, as well as partial surface roughness and resistances are admitted and performed automatically by this intelligent system.
Esse sistema inteligente identificada todas as bordas e outros pontos críticos, como por exemplo, paredes mais finas da peça a trabalhar, tratandc-as com o cuidado apropriado.This intelligent system identifies all edges and other critical points, such as thinner walls of the workpiece, treating them with the appropriate care.
Uma vez que é conhecido o ponto de contato momentâneo real da ferramenta de cabeçote com a peça a 10 trabalhar, o eixo longitudinal do dispositivo pode ser direcionado e conduzido como perpendicular em relação à tangente da superfície no ponto de contato da superfície da peça a trabalhar. Por essa razão, executa-se o melhor processo de martelagem, sendo obtido o melhor resultado 15 atualmente.Once the actual momentary contact point of the head tool with the workpiece is known, the longitudinal axis of the device can be directed and conducted as perpendicular to the surface tangent at the workpiece surface contact point . For this reason, the best hammering process is performed, obtaining the best result 15 today.
As figuras ilustram:The figures illustrate:
Figura 1 corte transversal do dispositivo de acordo com a invenção, com uma bobina fixa na caixa como eletroímã de retenção e uma bobina de acionamento móvel em 20 sentido axial do cabeçote de martelagem,Figure 1 cross section of the device according to the invention, with a coil fixed in the housing as a retention electromagnet and a movable drive coil in axial direction of the hammer head,
Figura 2 corte transversal do dispositivo de acordo com a invenção com um anel magnético permanente fixo na caixa, ou uma pluralidade de imãs permanentes menores e/ou bobinas anelares dispostos no suporte do cabeçote de 25 martelagem como eletroímã de retenção e uma ou duas bobinas de acionamento móveis em sentido axial do cabeçote de martelagem.Figure 2 cross section of the device according to the invention with a permanent magnetic ring attached to the housing, or a plurality of smaller permanent magnets and / or ring coils arranged in the hammer head support as a holding electromagnet and one or two coils of holding drive axially in the direction of the hammer head.
As peças idênticas possuem os mesmos números ou as mesmas letras. Os índices diferentes caracterizam as 30 diferentes áreas ou configurações distintas ou múltiplas disposição dessa peça.Identical pieces have the same numbers or letters. The different indices characterize the 30 different areas or different configurations or multiple layouts of that part.
De acordo com a figura 1, um cabeçote de martelagem (la) , que pode ser substituído, é fixado em umAccording to figure 1, a hammer head (la), which can be replaced, is fixed to a
7/8 suporte (1b) leve e não magnético, . O suporte (1b) está alojado em sentido radial na caixa (2) , de modo que pode executar somente movimentos axiais no sentido de seu eixo longitudinal (A). A caixa (2) está fixada, com o respectivo encaixe, em uma máquina de fresar, tal como, uma fresadora ou um robô ou Hexapod. 0 suporte du cabeçote de martelagem (1b) pode ser continuamente oco para poder conduzir, em sua parte central oca, cabos, sensores de medição ou raios de luz. No suporte (1b) está fixada coaxialmente uma junta ferromagnética (1c), que adota uma determinada posição como posição de repouso em um campo magnético (BI).7/8 light and non - magnetic support (1b),. The support (1b) is housed in a radial direction in the box (2), so that it can perform only axial movements in the direction of its longitudinal axis (A). The box (2) is fixed, with the respective fitting, on a milling machine, such as a milling machine or a robot or Hexapod. The hammer head support (1b) can be continuously hollow in order to conduct, in its central hollow part, cables, measurement sensors or light rays. A ferromagnetic joint (1c) is attached coaxially to the support (1b), which adopts a certain position as a resting position in a magnetic field (BI).
Em torno da junta (1c) se encontra uma bobina (3a) fixada coaxialmente na caixa (2) e centralmente disposta, que é atravessada por uma corrente contínua (Ila) , para desenvolver um campo magnético (Bla) . A bobina (3a) pode ser constituída de uma única bobina ou de uma pluralidade de bobinas menores, acionadas de forma eletronicamente paralela ou em série ou combinada, com a finalidade de alterar a força de retenção e a posição de repouso do cabeçote de martelagem. A bobina (3a) também pode ser configurada de forma mecânica ou regulável, a fim de alterar a posição de repouso do cabeçote de martelagem manualmente, por motor elétrico ou por eletroimã.Around the joint (1c) is a coil (3a) fixed coaxially in the box (2) and centrally arranged, which is crossed by a direct current (Ila), to develop a magnetic field (Bla). The coil (3a) can consist of a single coil or a plurality of smaller coils, operated electronically in parallel or in series or combined, with the purpose of changing the holding force and the resting position of the hammerhead. The coil (3a) can also be configured mechanically or adjustable in order to change the resting position of the hammer head manually, by electric motor or by electromagnet.
No suporte do cabeçote de martelagem (lb) se encontra uma segunda bobina (4a) de modo que os enrolamentos de fio estejam eiu sentido perpendicular em relação ás linhas de campo do campo magnético (Bla). A bobina (4a) é atravessada por uma corrente alternada (I2a) regulada em freqüência e amplitude e/ou corrente pulsante (12a) com ou sem uma participação de corrente contínua. Por isso, o cabeçote de martelagem se movimenta com freqüência e amplitude definidas de lá para cá. A frequência de martelagem é determinada pela freqüência de pulso e pelaOn the hammer head support (lb) there is a second coil (4a) so that the wire windings are in a perpendicular direction in relation to the magnetic field field lines (Bla). The coil (4a) is crossed by an alternating current (I2a) regulated in frequency and amplitude and / or pulsating current (12a) with or without a direct current input. For this reason, the hammer head moves with a defined frequency and amplitude since then. The hammering frequency is determined by the pulse frequency and the
8/8 potência de martelagem através do nivel e da amplitude de pulsação .8/8 hammering power through the pulse level and amplitude.
magnético permanence axial (3} ou por uma pluralidade de imãs permanentes cilíndricos menores dispostos coaxialmente em torno da junta (1c) , imãs esses que podem ser substituídos por bobinas individuais (3b, 3c, . . . ) . Com essa disposição do anel magnético permanente ou dos imãs permanentes ou das bobinas surgem dois fluxos magnéticos em forma de tubo anelar, um fluxo magnético interno (Blb) e um fluxo magnético externo (B2) . 0 fluxo magnético interno (Blb) trata, em conjunto com a junta (lc) da posição de repouso do cabeçote de martelagem, enquanto a bobina (4b) com a corrente alternada ou com a corrente pulsante (I2b) se encontra no fluxo magnético externo (B2) e trata do movimento alternante do cabeçote de martelagem.magnetic permanence axial (3} or a plurality of smaller cylindrical permanent magnets coaxially arranged around the joint (1c), which can be replaced by individual coils (3b, 3c,...). permanent or permanent magnets or coils, two magnetic fluxes in the form of an annular tube, an internal magnetic flux (Blb) and an external magnetic flux (B2), arise. The internal magnetic flux (Blb) treats, together with the joint (lc) ) of the hammerhead head's resting position, while the coil (4b) with alternating current or pulsating current (I2b) is in the external magnetic flow (B2) and deals with the alternating movement of the hammering head.
Nessa disposição dos campos magnéticos (Blb, B2),In this arrangement of magnetic fields (Blb, B2),
corrente (12b) da primeira bobina de acionamento (4b), visto que os campos magnéticos apresentam sentidos di ferenLes.current (12b) of the first drive coil (4b), since the magnetic fields have different senses.
As características da invenção divulgadas na presente descrição, desenhos e reivindicações poderão ser importantes para a concretização da invenção tanto individualmente quanto em combinações variadas. Todas as características publicadas são relevantes para a invenção.The characteristics of the invention disclosed in the present description, drawings and claims may be important for the embodiment of the invention both individually and in varying combinations. All published features are relevant to the invention.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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DE102005037544.8 | 2005-08-09 | ||
DE102005037544 | 2005-08-09 | ||
PCT/DE2006/001393 WO2007016919A1 (en) | 2005-08-09 | 2006-08-09 | Method and device for the technique of cold microforging any freely formed 3-d surfaces |
Publications (2)
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BRPI0615981A2 BRPI0615981A2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
BRPI0615981B1 true BRPI0615981B1 (en) | 2020-03-03 |
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BRPI0615981-8A BRPI0615981B1 (en) | 2005-08-09 | 2006-08-09 | ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE |
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US (1) | US8166793B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1915231B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5039038B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20080033340A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101237957B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE463323T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2006279024B8 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0615981B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2617305C (en) |
DE (3) | DE102006033004A1 (en) |
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MX (1) | MX2008002016A (en) |
NO (1) | NO340990B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1915231T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1915231E (en) |
RU (1) | RU2414340C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007016919A1 (en) |
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- 2006-08-09 BR BRPI0615981-8A patent/BRPI0615981B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2006-08-09 EP EP06775830A patent/EP1915231B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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- 2006-08-09 PL PL06775830T patent/PL1915231T3/en unknown
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- 2006-08-09 CN CN2006800290544A patent/CN101237957B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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PL1915231T3 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
AU2006279024A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
RU2008104307A (en) | 2009-09-20 |
US8166793B2 (en) | 2012-05-01 |
CN101237957A (en) | 2008-08-06 |
AU2006279024B8 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
EP1915231B1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
US20080308199A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
KR20080033340A (en) | 2008-04-16 |
BRPI0615981A2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
WO2007016919A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
NO340990B1 (en) | 2017-07-31 |
DE502006006649D1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
CA2617305A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
JP5039038B2 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
AU2006279024B2 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
RU2414340C2 (en) | 2011-03-20 |
CA2617305C (en) | 2013-10-15 |
ES2343370T3 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
EP1915231A1 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
JP2009504405A (en) | 2009-02-05 |
NO20080091L (en) | 2008-02-06 |
CN101237957B (en) | 2010-06-23 |
DE102006033004A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
MX2008002016A (en) | 2008-10-03 |
PT1915231E (en) | 2010-07-06 |
DE112006002729A5 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
ATE463323T1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
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