BR202018068151Y1 - DECUTTING ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS - Google Patents

Abstract

DECUTATION ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS This Utility Model patent application refers to an agricultural implement, an accessory installed on coffee harvesters, for use in coffee plantations, which was given original construction to improve items which aim to bring greater use and efficiency compared to existing coffee harvesters on the market. The main function of this accessory (Figure 1) is to prune coffee plants, using circular saws (Figure 3 04A and 04B), vertical and horizontal.

Description

1. BRIEF HISTORY: The purpose of this utility model patent is a model of “CUTTING ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS”, an agricultural implement, an accessory installed on coffee harvesters, for use in coffee plantations, which was constructed original improvement of items that aim to bring greater use and efficiency compared to existing coffee harvesters on the market.

2. FIELD OF APPLICATION: This equipment was developed based on a simple system, with low investment costs, but with advanced technology, which should overcome all the deficiencies currently on the market, easing the difficulties of rural producers who need carry out the so-called “decoction on the coffee tree”, more specifically on plants (trees) that are old and have the structure for another harvest period.

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE: There are coffee harvesters pulled by agricultural tractors and self-propelled machines on the market, such machines are designed and manufactured solely for the purpose of harvesting coffee, which is done once during the year, with the equipment being parked and idle the remainder of the annual period.

4. Furthermore, current systems, such as “little knives” that have razors, the same ones used in grain harvesters, which cut soybean and wheat stalks, are not as efficient, as there is no exit for the cut branches, there comes a point where it gets stuck and stops cutting. Another problem is branches that are more than 1 inch thick, as the knife systems are unable to cut them, damaging the knives and jamming the equipment.

5. Still with knife systems, such accessories do not work well in coffee plantations with irregular streets, as the branches protrude from the sides and this type of system stops working. An important detail that must be mentioned is in relation to the consumption of diesel oil, and in this system, which is slower, it takes 5 hours to make 1 hectare.

6. Still referring to consumption, it is also worth highlighting manual pruning, which takes an average of 240 hours to prune 1 hectare.

7. Still referring to current systems, there are models that use razors that cut the plant only on one side at a time, and do not cut the plant at the top, that is, in addition to being ineffective, it also takes around 10 hours to do 01 hectare.

8. And finally, in terms of safety, the position of the knives in current systems is very dangerous, as they are positioned very close to the machine operator's head. As it is a system, which in a certain way poses a risk for the operator, several companies, even large ones, have already tried to enter the market, but their implements never caught on.

9. Document BR102013001895A2, entitled Coffee harvesting machine for flat and mountain regions, discloses a coffee fruit harvester for flat and mountain regions having the functions of harvesting coffee fruits, in crops cultivated on land with a slope of up to 100%.

10. Document GB2053641A, entitled Coffee harvester, discloses a coffee harvester comprising at least one rotary oscillatory agitator incorporating a plurality of sets of teeth, with each tooth generally extending radially from an axis about which the oscillations are generated, a means to transmit to the teeth an oscillatory movement with an accelerating rate. in each cycle from the position of zero velocity in excess of the acceleration rate of a corresponding sine wave.

11. However, this equipment fails because it does not allow the coffee tree (plant) to have its crown and side branches cut off in a single operation.

12. FUNDAMENTALS: With the aim of solving these problems and also improving the coffee plant decoction system, the machine of this utility model patent was developed, a simple construction where it uses the same hydraulic system as the coffee harvester .

13. Aiming at a better use of coffee harvesters, this utility model “DECOTATION ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS” was developed so that the mechanical coffee harvesting sets can be removed, so that the mechanical coffee harvesting sets can be installed. coffee tree (coffee plant), this equipment uses the same feeding system as the harvester (Hydraulic systems), and is fixed to the rigid structure of the coffee harvester, allowing the coffee tree (plant) to have its canopy and low-cut side branches in a single operation, creating more activities for coffee harvesters.

14. Its fixing and components allow the width of the coffee tree to be adjusted, as well as the extraction of branches cut during operation. This operation also allows perfect maintenance of the coffee plantation, generating time, energy and environmental savings.

15. PROBLEM: The aforementioned equipment to be used in coffee plantations will, without a shadow of a doubt, make up for market deficiencies, which are relatively important for the good performance and results of the harvests of the product in question. As an example, I cite the practicality of also regulating the width of the coffee street, leaving the crop more uniform and ready for the harvest and its future harvest.

16. The new accessory with high-speed circular saws, in addition to speeding up the service, pruning 1 hectare in just 1 hour.

17. Its screws need to be sharpened every 150 hours of work, but maintenance is very simple, just removing 4 screws per screw.

18. The position of the saws is adjusted manually, and for vertical cuts, its capacity is adjusted from 2m to 0.30cm, and for horizontal cuts, its capacity is adjusted from 1m to 2.8m.

19. An important piece of information is in relation to the hydraulic control, which is calibrated with 150VAR pressure and when there is any panic or locking, the control relieves the valve to stop the engine from turning, without damaging it.

20. As the equipment is lighter and has a double oil flow relief system, it means that diesel oil consumption during the sweeping service is relatively lower than current sweepers on the market.

21. The issue of using the harvester to install the “CUTTING ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS” makes it much easier, as the operator of the equipment can be the same, which makes the service faster, more efficient and economical.

22. Another situation is that if you remove the harvester accessory, it will normally return to performing the work of a coffee harvester, that is, it would have more than one function throughout the year, and not just during the harvest season.

23. FIGURES: The attached drawings show the components of the “CUTTING ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS” object of the present patent, in which:

24. Figure 1 shows the structure of a coffee harvester, with the cutters and its entire structure in an isometric perspective.

25. Figure 2 shows an isometric view of the front decollation assembly in perspective.

26. Figure 3 shows, in an exploded isometric perspective, details of the elements of the front decoction assembly.

27. Figure 4 shows the front decocker transmission assembly in isometric perspective.

28. Figure 5 shows, in isometric perspective, side cutout sets fixed to the rigid structure of the coffee harvester.

29. Figure 6 shows an exploded isometric perspective of the side cutout assembly with details of its elements.

30. Figure 7 shows the lateral decocker transmission system in isometric view.

31. Figure 8 shows, in isometric perspective, the system for joining the lateral decockers and the stabilization arm of the sets.

32. In accordance with what is illustrated in the figures listed above, the model “CUTTING ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS”, object of this patent, consists of a set of Supports 01 (Figure 1), a piece of carbon steel sheet fixed by electrical welding to the rigid structure of the coffee harvesters, this support has staggered holes so that there is a rise and floating decision, fixing the front decocker at required heights, 02 (Figure 2), rigid structure of square carbon steel tubes, joined by electric welding, where on one side it fits the support 01 (Figure 1), and on the other the arms 03 A and 03 B (Figure 2) are fixed, made of carbon steel, joined by electric welding, with staggered drilling to allow floating to the front decoctor.

33. Still on the front cutter, we see in Figure 3, the sets that carry out the pruning of the coffee plant, the cut made by the sets of discs 04 A and 04 B (Figure 3), made of molybdenum steel, have sharp teeth containing a geometry cutting, are fixed to axles 05 and 06 (Figure 3), in carbon steel and machined with exact geometries and supported by bearing housings 07 A and 07 B (Figure 3), bearing housings with fixed rows of balls, made of cast iron with four holes, screwed to the rigid casing 08 (Figure 3), made of bent carbon steel profiles joined by electric welding, perforated with dynamic geometries for the cutting work.

34. Continuing with the front decoctor, inside the rigid housing 08 (Figure 3), there are sets of pulleys 09 A and 09 B (Figure 3), made of cast iron with channel “B”, fixed to axles 05 and 06 ( Figure 3), are responsible for transmitting the rotation necessary for decoction of the coffee cup, they are connected to pulley 10 (Figure 3), made of cast iron with two channels “B”, and are joined by V-belts “B” stretched for greater work dynamics by stretchers 11 A and 11 B (Figure 3), made of carbon steel with its parts joined by electric welding. The entire assembly receives traction from shaft 12 (Figure 3), made of machined carbon steel and supported on shaft 13 (Figure 3), made of carbon steel and machined to allow the installation of fixed row ball bearings for perfect rotation movement, such rotation, originating from the hydraulic pump 14 (Figure 2) mechanical/hydraulic component, fed by hydraulic fluid coming from the coffee harvester, which performs a high rotation movement, it is fixed to the support 15 (Figure 2), made of carbon steel sheets, joined by electric welding, which allows perfect coupling by sleeves 16 (Figure 2), made of cast iron and 17 (Figure 3) made of cast iron. The union of these sets mentioned above performs the necessary rotation of discs 04 A and 04 B (Figure 3) to perform the coffee cup decoction operation.

35. On the front decoctor, at the same time as the hydraulic pump 14 (Figure 2), it transmits cutting rotation to the discs 04 A and 04 B (Figure 3), the rigid housing 08 (Figure 3), fixed to the shaft 13 (Figure 3), it also receives a low rotation movement so that the rigid casing 8 (Figure 3) rotates, thus being able to throw the low-cut piece of the coffee cup cut by discs 04 A and 04 B (Figure 3), such rotation is coming through crown 18 (Figure 3), made of carbon steel with ASA teeth system, for bushing chains, fixed to the other end of shaft 13 (Figure 3), interconnected by bushing chain 19 (Figure 4), construction according to standard ASA, made of bushings and pins, and another gear 20 (Figure 4), made of carbon steel with ASA teeth system, fixed to a hydraulic motor 21 (Figure 4), component for hydraulic transmission. All feeding of the set is done by the coffee harvester where the set is fixed.

36. In Figure 5 we can see structure 22 (Figure 5), made of carbon steel profiles, joined by electric welding, this structure belongs to a coffee harvester, at its ends you can see sets 23 A and 23 B (Figure 5), made of carbon steel sheets and profiles, screwed to the structure 22 (Figure 5), joined by electric welding, with a staggered drilling system to allow adjustment to the width of the coffee plant (plan), these sets allow the fixing of the side decockers, using supports 24 A and 24 B (Figure 5), made of folded carbon steel profiles, joined by electric welding, allow straight displacement to adjust the side decockers.

Fig. , are fixed to axles 26 and 27 (Figure 6), in carbon steel and machined with exact geometry and supported by bearing housings 28 A and 28 B (Figure 6), fixed row ball bearing housings, made of iron casting with four holes, screwed to the rigid casing 29 (Figure 6), made of carbon steel profiles, bent and perforated with dynamic geometries, joined by welding to carry out the cutting work.

38. Continuing with the side cutters, inside the rigid housing 29 (Figure 6), there are sets of pulleys 30 A and 30 B (Figure 6), made of cast iron with channel “B”, fixed to the axles 26 and 27 ( Figure 6), are responsible for transmitting the necessary rotation for decocting the branches of the coffee tree, they are connected to pulley 31 (Figure 6), made of cast iron with two channels “B”, and joined by V-belts “B ” stretched for greater work dynamics by stretchers 32 A and 32 B (Figure 6), made of carbon steel with its parts joined by electric welding. The entire assembly receives traction from shaft 33 (Figure 6), made of carbon steel and machined and supported by shaft 34 (Figure 6), made of carbon steel and machined to allow the installation of fixed row ball bearings for perfect movement of rotation, such rotation coming from the hydraulic pump 35 (Figure 7), mechanical/hydraulic component, fed by hydraulic fluid coming from the coffee harvester, which performs a high rotation movement, is fixed to the support 36 (Figure 7), made of sheet metal made of carbon steel joined by electric welding, which allows perfect coupling by sleeves 37 (Figure 7), made of cast iron and 38 (Figure 6) made of cast iron. The union of these sets mentioned above, performs the necessary rotation of discs 25 A and 25 B (Figure 6), to carry out the operation of detaching the branches of the coffee tree.

39. Regarding the side cutters, at the same time as the hydraulic pump 35 (Figure 7) transmits cutting rotation to the discs 25 A and 25 B (Figure 6), the rigid casing 29 (Figure 6) is fixed to the shaft 34 (Figure 6) also receives a low rotation movement causing the entire lateral decoction assembly to rotate during the cutting of the branches of the coffee tree (plant), this rotation is coming through the crown 39 (Figure 6), made of carbon steel with a system ASA of teeth, for bushing chains, fixed to the other end of the shaft 34 (Figure 6), interconnected by the bushing chain 40 (Figure 7), construction according to the ASA standard, made of bushings and pins, and another gear 41 (Figure 7 ), made of carbon steel with ASA tooth system, attached to a 42 hydraulic motor (Figure 7), component for hydraulic transmission. All feeding of the set is done by the coffee harvester where the set is fixed.

40. In Figure 8 we see that the side cutters are supported and connected to sets 23 A and 23 B (Figure 5), by set 43 (Figure 8), made of profiles joined by electric welding, where they are fixed to hydraulic hoses responsible for supply of the hydraulic components, their fixation is made by pin 44 (Figure 8), made of SAE 1045 carbon steel, it joins sets 43 (Figure 8) and 24 A and 24 B (Figure 5), the sets are stabilized by the stabilizing arm 45 (Figure 8), made of profiles and carbon steel sheet, joined by electric welding, it stabilizes the lateral decoction assembly at an angle of 90° to the ground and parallel to the trunk of the coffee tree (plant).

41. These elements constitute the side decoctor sets, one of which is configured as a right decoctor and the other as a left decorator, both following the construction, assembly and operation described above, the operations occur simultaneously for homogeneous and dynamic work, avoiding giving coffee farming and equipment.

42. Therefore, observing article 9 of LPI No. 9,279/96, as well as Normative Instruction No. 031/2013, and for all the aspects presented in this report, the present patent application deserves its protection as a Utility Model, which is being sought.

Claims (1)

1) DECUTTING ACCESSORY FOR COFFEE HARVESTERS characterized by having circular clamps (04 A and 04 B) and positioned in the lower part of the accessory; the circular clamps (04 A and 04 B) are fixed vertically and horizontally; It is also equipped with a lock exchange system, removing 04 screws on each side of the lock (05 and 06).