BR112015011895B1 - masterbatch, process for preparing a masterbatch, and using a masterbatch - Google Patents
masterbatch, process for preparing a masterbatch, and using a masterbatch Download PDFInfo
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- BR112015011895B1 BR112015011895B1 BR112015011895-0A BR112015011895A BR112015011895B1 BR 112015011895 B1 BR112015011895 B1 BR 112015011895B1 BR 112015011895 A BR112015011895 A BR 112015011895A BR 112015011895 B1 BR112015011895 B1 BR 112015011895B1
- Authority
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- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- masterbatch
- ketone peroxide
- cyclic ketone
- dimeric
- matrix
- Prior art date
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- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- -1 cyclic ketone peroxide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octanone Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)=O ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POSWICCRDBKBMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound CC1CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 POSWICCRDBKBMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylbutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)=O SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFCHFHIRKBAQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexanone Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CC PFCHFHIRKBAQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-hexanone Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(C)=O FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAJNGDIORYACQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)=O ZAJNGDIORYACQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- VKCYHJWLYTUGCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(C)=O VKCYHJWLYTUGCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000218 poly(hydroxyvalerate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002792 polyhydroxyhexanoate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIYMNUNPPYABMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-5-chloro-1h-indole Chemical compound C=1C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C2NC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 FIYMNUNPPYABMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIRQGKQPLPBZQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2,4,4-trimethylpentane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)OO MIRQGKQPLPBZQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJRDRFZYKKFYMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-(2-methylbutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CC JJRDRFZYKKFYMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFSAPCRASZRSKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylcyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1=O LFSAPCRASZRSKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTJOHISYCKPIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylundecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)C GTJOHISYCKPIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DALNRYLBTOJSOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane Chemical compound CC1CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)O1 DALNRYLBTOJSOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHLVCLIPMVJYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octanone Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)CC RHLVCLIPMVJYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutylhexyl Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)C SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006001 Methyl nonyl ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMPQYAYAQWNLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Undecanal Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=O KMPQYAYAQWNLME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VKPSKYDESGTTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isododecane Natural products CC(C)(C)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C VKPSKYDESGTTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002307 isotope ratio mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010094 polymer processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- KYWIYKKSMDLRDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(C)=O KYWIYKKSMDLRDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/203—Solid polymers with solid and/or liquid additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
- C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
MASTERBATCH, PROCESSO PARA A PREPARAÇÃO DE UM MASTERBATCH, E USO DE UM MASTERBATCH. A presente invenção refere-se ao masterbatch compreendendo um peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimétrico disperso em uma matriz polimérica com uma porosidade, expressa como porcentagem de falhas no volume da matriz, de 0,1-80 % em volume, em que o dito masterbatch compreende, por 100 g de matriz polimérica, 1-30 g de peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimétrico e menos do que 0,20 g de hidrocarbonetos saturados com 17-51 átomos de carbono.MASTERBATCH, PROCESS FOR PREPARING A MASTERBATCH, AND USING A MASTERBATCH. The present invention relates to the masterbatch comprising a dimeric and/or trimetric cyclic ketone peroxide dispersed in a polymeric matrix with a porosity, expressed as a percentage of failures in the matrix volume, of 0.1-80% by volume, wherein said masterbatch comprises, per 100 g of polymer matrix, 1-30 g of dimeric and/or trimetric cyclic ketone peroxide and less than 0.20 g of saturated hydrocarbons with 17-51 carbon atoms.
Description
[001] A presente invenção refere-se a um masterbatch compreendendo peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico. Ela também se refere a um processo para a preparação deste masterbatch e ao uso deste masterbatch para a modificação de polímeros.[001] The present invention relates to a masterbatch comprising dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide. It also refers to a process for preparing this masterbatch and using this masterbatch for polymer modification.
[002] Masterbatches são concentrados de aditivos, neste caso peróxidos orgânicos, os quais podem ser usados no processamento de polímeros, particularmente polímeros de olefina. Masterbatches podem ser usados para adicionar peróxidos orgânicos ao polímero a ser processado a fim de melhorar a dispersão do peróxido no dito polímero e melhorar a facilidade na dosagem, especialmente, quando o usuário é incapaz de manipular peróxidos orgânicos na forma líquida.[002] Masterbatches are additive concentrates, in this case organic peroxides, which can be used in polymer processing, particularly olefin polymers. Masterbatches can be used to add organic peroxides to the polymer to be processed in order to improve the dispersion of the peroxide in said polymer and improve ease of dosing, especially when the user is unable to handle organic peroxides in liquid form.
[003] Masterbatches são geralmente obtidos pela dispersão de altas concentrações dos peróxidos em materiais que são compatíveis com o polímero a ser processado. A fim de obter a melhor economia no uso, os concentrados devem conter quantidades usáveis de até e incluindo a maior quantidade possível de peróxido enquanto permitindo uma dispersão eficaz do peróxido a ser alcançado quando os ditos masterbatches são diluídos no polímero a ser processado.[003] Masterbatches are generally obtained by dispersing high concentrations of peroxides in materials that are compatible with the polymer being processed. In order to obtain the best economy in use, concentrates should contain usable amounts of up to and including the greatest possible amount of peroxide while allowing an effective dispersion of the peroxide to be achieved when said masterbatches are diluted in the polymer to be processed.
[004] As formulações líquidas de peróxido de cetona cíclico em solventes orgânicos são reveladas nos documentos WO 98/33770 e US 6.358.435. Estas formulações líquidas, no entanto, prejudicam a segurança e são perigosas quando armazenadas a -0 °C ou menos devido à formação de cristais que são sensíveis à explosão.[004] Liquid formulations of cyclic ketone peroxide in organic solvents are disclosed in WO 98/33770 and US 6,358,435. These liquid formulations, however, impair safety and are dangerous when stored at -0°C or below due to the formation of crystals that are sensitive to explosion.
[005] Uma solução para este problema de segurança foi provida pelo documento WO 2004/052877, pela adição de cera de parafina à formulação líquida, que age como um composto de cocristalização pela solidificação na dita formulação de peróxido de cetona cíclico em uma temperatura acima da temperatura de cristalização do peróxido de cetona cíclico.[005] A solution to this safety problem was provided by WO 2004/052877, by the addition of paraffin wax to the liquid formulation, which acts as a co-crystallizing compound by solidifying in said cyclic ketone peroxide formulation at a temperature above of the crystallization temperature of the cyclic ketone peroxide.
[006] Verificou-se agora surpreendentemente que masterbatches de peróxidos de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico podem ser preparados na ausência de tal agente de cocristalização, sem prejudicar a segurança mesmo em baixas temperaturas e altas concentrações de peróxido. Assim, a adição de um agente de cocristalização não é necessária ao dispersar o peróxido de cetona cíclico em uma matriz polimérica.[006] It has now surprisingly been found that dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide masterbatches can be prepared in the absence of such a cocrystallizing agent, without impairing safety even at low temperatures and high peroxide concentrations. Thus, the addition of a cocrystallizing agent is not necessary when dispersing the cyclic ketone peroxide in a polymer matrix.
[007] A invenção, portanto, se refere a um masterbatch compreendendo peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico disperso em uma matriz polimérica com uma porosidade, expressa como porcentagem de falhas no volume da matriz, de 0,1-80 % em volume, em que o dito masterbatch compreende, por 100 g de matriz polimérica, 1-30 g de peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico e menos do que 0,20 g de hidrocarbonetos saturados com 17-51 átomos de carbono.[007] The invention, therefore, relates to a masterbatch comprising dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide dispersed in a polymeric matrix with a porosity, expressed as a percentage of failures in the matrix volume, of 0.1-80% in volume, wherein said masterbatch comprises, per 100 g of polymer matrix, 1-30 g of dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide and less than 0.20 g of saturated hydrocarbons with 17-51 carbon atoms.
[008] Tipicamente, os peróxidos de cetona cíclicos diméricos e triméricos que podem ser formulados de acordo com a presente invenção são representados pelas fórmulas I-II: [008] Typically, the dimeric and trimeric cyclic ketone peroxides that can be formulated in accordance with the present invention are represented by formulas I-II:
[009] em que R1-R6 são independentemente selecionados do grupo que consiste em hidrogênio, C1-C20 alquila, C3-C20 cicloalquila, C6-C20 arila, C7-C20 aralquila, e C7-C20 alcarila, cujos grupos podem incluir porções alquila lineares ou ramificadas; e cada um de R1-R6 pode ser substituído opcionalmente com um ou mais grupos selecionados de hidróxi, alcóxi, alquila linear ou ramificada, arilóxi, éster, carbóxi, nitrila, e amido.[009] wherein R1-R6 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C7-C20 aralkyl, and C7-C20 alkaryl, which groups may include alkyl moieties linear or branched; and each of R1-R6 may optionally be substituted with one or more groups selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, linear or branched alkyl, aryloxy, ester, carboxy, nitrile, and starch.
[010] Mais preferivelmente, o peróxido de cetona cíclico é 3,6,9-trietil-3,6,9-trimetil-1,4,7- triperoxonano.[010] More preferably, the cyclic ketone peroxide is 3,6,9-triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonane.
[011] Peróxidos de cetona cíclicos diméricos e triméricos podem ser produzidos como descrito no documento WO 96/03397 e são derivados de cetonas C3-C13 lineares, ramificadas ou cíclicas, mais preferivelmente C3-C7. Os exemplos de cetonas adequadas são acetona, acetil acetona, metil etil cetona, metil propil cetona, metil isopropil cetona, metil butil cetona, metil isobutil cetona, metil amil cetona, metil isoamil cetona, metil hexil cetona, metil heptil cetona, dietil cetona, etil propil cetona, etil amil cetona, metil octil cetona, metil nonil cetona, ciclopentanona, ciclohexanona, 2-metilciclohexanona, 3,3,5- trimetil ciclohexanona e misturas desses.[011] Dimeric and trimeric cyclic ketone peroxides can be produced as described in WO 96/03397 and are derived from linear, branched or cyclic C3-C13 ketones, more preferably C3-C7. Examples of suitable ketones are acetone, acetyl acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl amyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl hexyl ketone, methyl heptyl ketone, diethyl ketone, ethyl propyl ketone, ethyl amyl ketone, methyl octyl ketone, methyl nonyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexanone and mixtures thereof.
[012] Os peróxidos de acordo com a fórmula I são referidos como dímeros e aqueles de acordo com a fórmula II como trímeros. Estas estruturas diméricas e triméricas podem ser formadas partindo de uma cetona única ou de uma mistura de cetonas. Preferivelmente, uma cetona única é usada. Tipicamente, o masterbatch de acordo com a invenção compreende um peróxido de cetona cíclico tendo uma razão em peso de trímero/dímero de 60:40 a 99.99:0,01. Preferivelmente, esta razão é de 80:20 a 99,95:0,05, mais preferivelmente de 85:15 a 99,9:0,1, e mais preferivelmente de 93:7 a 99,9:0,1.[012] The peroxides according to formula I are referred to as dimers and those according to formula II as trimers. These dimeric and trimeric structures can be formed starting from a single ketone or a mixture of ketones. Preferably a single ketone is used. Typically, the masterbatch according to the invention comprises a cyclic ketone peroxide having a trimer/dimer weight ratio of 60:40 to 99.99:0.01. Preferably, this ratio is from 80:20 to 99.95:0.05, more preferably from 85:15 to 99.9:0.1, and most preferably from 93:7 to 99.9:0.1.
[013] A concentração total de peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e trimérico na matriz polimérica é 130 g por 100 g de matriz polimérica, mais preferivelmente 225 g e mais preferivelmente 4-18 g.[013] The total concentration of dimeric and trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide in the polymer matrix is 130 g per 100 g of polymer matrix, more preferably 225 g and most preferably 4-18 g.
[014] Em concentrações maiores do que 30 g, mais preferivelmente 25 g e mais preferivelmente 18 g por 100 g de matriz polimérica, o peróxido pode ser espremido da matriz durante o armazenamento e uso, levando a riscos com a segurança.[014] At concentrations greater than 30 g, more preferably 25 g and most preferably 18 g per 100 g of polymeric matrix, the peroxide can be squeezed from the matrix during storage and use, leading to safety risks.
[015] Além disso, para a modificação de polímeros, tais como polipropileno, pequenas quantidades de peróxido são geralmente usadas; geralmente abaixo de 1 phr (por cem de resina). Para tais aplicações, um masterbatch contendo não mais do que 30 g, mais preferivelmente não mais do que 25 g, e mais preferivelmente não mais do que 18 g por 100 g de matriz polimérica é desejado para a dosagem precisa e boa incorporação na resina.[015] Furthermore, for the modification of polymers such as polypropylene, small amounts of peroxide are generally used; usually below 1 phr (per hundred resin). For such applications, a masterbatch containing no more than 30 g, more preferably no more than 25 g, and more preferably no more than 18 g per 100 g of polymer matrix is desired for accurate dosing and good incorporation into the resin.
[016] A matriz polimérica pode ser feita de vários polímeros, tais como biopolímeros, poliolefinas, poliésteres sintéticos e combinações deles. O polímero pode ser um homopolímero ou um copolímero.[016] The polymer matrix can be made of various polymers, such as biopolymers, polyolefins, synthetic polyesters and combinations of them. The polymer can be a homopolymer or a copolymer.
[017] Biopolímeros são polímeros que ocorrem em ou são produzidos por um organismo vivo ou são produzidos de monômeros ou oligômeros derivados de plantas e/ou animais. Exemplos de tais biopolímeros são ácido poliláctico (PLA), polihidróxi alcanoatos (PHAs) tais como polihidroxibutirato (PHB), polihidroxivalerato (PHV), polihidroxihexanoato (PHH), polihidroxibutirato-co-hidroxivalerato (PHBV) e polihidroxibutirato-co-hidroxihexanoato (PHBH) e polibutileno succinatos (PBSs) tais como polibutileno succinato (PBS) e polibutileno succinato-co-adipato(PBSA).[017] Biopolymers are polymers that occur in or are produced by a living organism or are produced from monomers or oligomers derived from plants and/or animals. Examples of such biopolymers are polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxy alkanoates (PHAs) such as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV), polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH), polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyhexanoate (PHBH) and polybutylene succinates (PBSs) such as polybutylene succinate (PBS) and polybutylene succinate-co-adipate (PBSA).
[018] Exemplos de poliolefinas são polietileno, polipropileno, polímero de etileno vinil acetato e quaisquer misturas deles. A poliolefina pode ser de um grau do reator de polimerização ou um grau poroso extrudado. Uma poliolefina preferida é polipropileno. O termo polipropileno se refere a polímeros compreendendo pelo menos 50 % em mol de unidades de polipropileno.[018] Examples of polyolefins are polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene vinyl acetate polymer and any mixtures thereof. The polyolefin can be a polymerization reactor grade or an extruded porous grade. A preferred polyolefin is polypropylene. The term polypropylene refers to polymers comprising at least 50 mol% polypropylene units.
[019] A origem destes polímeros pode ser fontes antigas de hidrocarboneto (fóssil) ou materiais renováveis. Os materiais renováveis são materiais, por exemplo, animal ou vegetal, cujo estoque pode ser reconstituído durante um curto período em uma escala humana. É necessário em particular que este estoque possa ser renovado tão rapidamente quanto ele é consumido. Em contraste aos materiais resultantes de fontes fósseis, os materiais renováveis contêm 14C.[019] The origin of these polymers can be old sources of hydrocarbon (fossil) or renewable materials. Renewable materials are materials, eg animal or plant, whose stock can be reconstituted over a short period on a human scale. It is particularly necessary that this stock can be renewed as quickly as it is consumed. In contrast to materials resulting from fossil sources, renewable materials contain 14C.
[020] Todas as amostras de carbono retiradas de organismos vivos (animal ou vegetal) são de fato uma mistura de 3 isótopos: 12C (representando cerca de 98,892%), 13C (aproximadamente 1,108%) e 14C (traços: 1,2-10-10 %). A razão 14C/12C de tecido vivo é idêntica àquela da atmosfera. Em um organismo vivo, a razão 14C/12C é mantida constante pelo metabolismo, porque o carbono é continuamente trocado com o ambiente externo. A razão média de 14C/12C é igual a 1,2-1012.[020] All carbon samples taken from living organisms (animal or plant) are in fact a mixture of 3 isotopes: 12C (representing about 98.892%), 13C (approximately 1.108%) and 14C (traits: 1.2- 10-10%). The 14C/12C ratio of living tissue is identical to that of the atmosphere. In a living organism, the 14C/12C ratio is kept constant by metabolism, because carbon is continually exchanged with the external environment. The average 14C/12C ratio equals 1.2-1012.
[021] 12C é estável, isto é, o número de átomos de 12C em uma amostra dada é constante ao longo tempo. 14C é radioativo e o número de átomos de 14C em uma amostra diminui ao longo do tempo com uma meia-vida de 5730 anos. Consequentemente, a presença de 14C em um material, em qualquer quantidade, indica que os átomos C constituindo aquela molécula vêm de matérias-primas renováveis e não de fontes antigas de hidrocarboneto.[021] 12C is stable, that is, the number of 12C atoms in a given sample is constant over time. 14C is radioactive and the number of 14C atoms in a sample decreases over time with a half-life of 5730 years. Consequently, the presence of 14C in a material, in any amount, indicates that the C atoms making up that molecule come from renewable raw materials and not from older hydrocarbon sources.
[022] A razão 14C/12C em um material pode ser determinada por um dos métodos descritos no padrão ASTM D6866-05 (Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Natural Range Materials Using Radiocarbon and Isotope ratio Mass Spectrometry Analysis, March 2005), preferivelmente o Método B descrito nele.[022] The 14C/12C ratio in a material can be determined by one of the methods described in ASTM standard D6866-05 (Standard Test Methods for Determining the Biobased Content of Natural Range Materials Using Radiocarbon and Isotope ratio Mass Spectrometry Analysis, March 2005) , preferably Method B described therein.
[023] A porosidade da matriz polimérica, expressa como porcentagem de falhas, é 0,1-80 % em volume, mais preferivelmente 5-75 % em volume e mais preferivelmente 10-60 % em volume. Tais matrizes estão comercialmente disponíveis. Se a porosidade for tão alta, a resistência mecânica da matriz é geralmente baixa - ela terá uma estrutura espumosa / esponjosa - e o peróxido pode ser facilmente espremido dos poros pela menor pressão, por exemplo, durante o manuseamento ou armazenamento.[023] The porosity of the polymer matrix, expressed as percentage of failures, is 0.1-80% by volume, more preferably 5-75% by volume and most preferably 10-60% by volume. Such matrices are commercially available. If the porosity is so high, the mechanical strength of the matrix is generally low - it will have a foamy / spongy structure - and the peroxide can be easily squeezed out of the pores by the least pressure, for example, during handling or storage.
[024] Esta porosidade é determinada através da absorção de mercúrio de acordo ISO 15901-1 (2005).[024] This porosity is determined through the absorption of mercury according to ISO 15901-1 (2005).
[025] O masterbatch compreende menos do que 0,20 g de hidrocarbonetos saturados com 17-51 átomos de carbono por 100 g de matriz polimérica, preferivelmente menos do que 0,15 g, e mais preferivelmente menos do que 0,10 g. Em outras palavras: o masterbatch não contém ou contém apenas uma pequena quantidade de cera de parafina, isto é, parafinas que são sólidas à temperatura ambiente.[025] The masterbatch comprises less than 0.20 g of saturated hydrocarbons with 17-51 carbon atoms per 100 g of polymer matrix, preferably less than 0.15 g, and more preferably less than 0.10 g. In other words: the masterbatch does not contain or contains only a small amount of paraffin wax, that is, paraffins that are solid at room temperature.
[026] Apesar desta ausência (aproximadamente) de cera de parafina, o masterbatch é seguro e estável e pode ser armazenado em temperaturas abaixo de 0 °C sem a formação de uma fase cristalina perigosa de peróxido de cetona cíclico.[026] Despite this absence (approximately) of paraffin wax, the masterbatch is safe and stable and can be stored at temperatures below 0 °C without the formation of a dangerous crystalline phase of cyclic ketone peroxide.
[027] A quantidade de ditos hidrocarbonetos saturados no masterbatch pode ser determinada pela extração do masterbatch com heptano e a análise do extrato com cromatografia gasosa.[027] The amount of said saturated hydrocarbons in the masterbatch can be determined by extracting the masterbatch with heptane and analyzing the extract with gas chromatography.
[028] O masterbatch de acordo a presente invenção pode ser preparado pela impregnação da matriz polimérica com uma formulação contendo peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico. Esta formulação contém preferivelmente o peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico em uma concentração total de 10-60 % em peso, mais preferivelmente 20-55 % em peso, e mais preferivelmente 30-50 % em peso.[028] The masterbatch according to the present invention can be prepared by impregnating the polymer matrix with a formulation containing dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide. This formulation preferably contains the dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide in a total concentration of 10-60% by weight, more preferably 20-55% by weight, and most preferably 30-50% by weight.
[029] A formulação contém ainda um solvente. Os solventes adequados incluem solventes de hidrocarboneto lineares e ramificados, tais como isododecano, tetradecano, tridecano, Isopar® M, Exxsol® D80, Exxsol® D100, Exxsol® D100S, Soltrol® 145, Soltrol® 170, Varsol® 80, Varsol® 110, Shellsol® D100, Shellsol® D70, Halpasol® i 235/265, e misturas desses. Fleumatizantes particularmente preferidos são Isopar® M e Soltrol® 170.[029] The formulation also contains a solvent. Suitable solvents include linear and branched hydrocarbon solvents such as isododecane, tetradecane, tridecane, Isopar® M, Exxsol® D80, Exxsol® D100, Exxsol® D100S, Soltrol® 145, Soltrol® 170, Varsol® 80, Varsol® 110 , Shellsol® D100, Shellsol® D70, Halpasol® 235/265, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred phlegmatizers are Isopar® M and Soltrol® 170.
[030] Preferivelmente, o solvente tem um ponto de evaporação de 95% na faixa de 200-260 °C, mais preferivelmente 225-255 °C, mais preferivelmente 235-250 °C. O ponto de evaporação de 95% é o ponto de ebulição (bp) no qual 95% em peso do solvente é evaporado ou no caso de um único composto solvente, tal como tetradecano, o ponto de ebulição deste composto. Tipicamente, o ponto de evaporação de 95% é obtido de métodos analíticos convencionais como ASTM-D5399.[030] Preferably, the solvent has an evaporation point of 95% in the range 200-260 °C, more preferably 225-255 °C, more preferably 235-250 °C. The 95% evaporation point is the boiling point (bp) at which 95% by weight of the solvent is evaporated or in the case of a single solvent compound, such as tetradecane, the boiling point of this compound. Typically, the 95% evaporation point is obtained from conventional analytical methods such as ASTM-D5399.
[031] A impregnação pode ser feita pelo contato da formulação contendo peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico com a matriz polimérica.[031] The impregnation can be done by contacting the formulation containing dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide with the polymer matrix.
[032] A fim de reduzir o risco de explosões de pó, a impregnação é preferivelmente realizada sob atmosfera inerte (por exemplo, nitrogênio). O peróxido (formulação) é preferivelmente lentamente adicionado à matriz polimérica. Após a adição do peróxido (formulação) à matriz, a mistura resultante é preferivelmente misturada por, por exemplo, 10120 minutos, mais preferivelmente 20-90 minutos. O solvente pode ser removido por evaporação, se assim desejado.[032] In order to reduce the risk of dust explosions, impregnation is preferably carried out under an inert atmosphere (eg nitrogen). The peroxide (formulation) is preferably slowly added to the polymer matrix. After adding the peroxide (formulation) to the matrix, the resulting mixture is preferably mixed for, for example, 10120 minutes, more preferably 20-90 minutes. Solvent can be removed by evaporation if so desired.
[033] Após a impregnação e antes ou após a remoção de solvente, o masterbatch resultante pode ser envelhecido. Este envelhecimento pode ser realizado em qualquer temperatura abaixo de SADT (temperatura de decomposição de autoaceleração) do peróxido e em qualquer momento na faixa de 2 horas a vários dias.[033] After impregnation and before or after solvent removal, the resulting masterbatch can be aged. This aging can be carried out at any temperature below the SADT (self-accelerating decomposition temperature) of the peroxide and at any time in the range of 2 hours to several days.
[034] A matriz polimérica pode ser impregnada com apenas um peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico ou trimérico, mas também pode ser impregnada com dois ou mais peróxidos de cetona cíclicos diméricos e/ou triméricos. Alternativamente, a matriz polimérica pode ser impregnada com um ou mais peróxidos orgânicos cíclicos diméricos e/ou triméricos e um ou mais peróxidos ou hidroperóxidos adicionais. Estes (hidro) peróxidos adicionais podem ser incluídos na formulação contendo o peróxido de cetona cíclico dimérico e/ou trimérico, mas podem ser impregnados alternativamente em uma etapa separada.[034] The polymeric matrix can be impregnated with only one dimeric or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide, but it can also be impregnated with two or more dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide. Alternatively, the polymer matrix can be impregnated with one or more cyclic organic dimeric and/or trimeric peroxides and one or more additional peroxides or hydroperoxides. These additional (hydro)peroxides can be included in the formulation containing the dimeric and/or trimeric cyclic ketone peroxide, but can alternatively be impregnated in a separate step.
[035] Os exemplos de peróxidos e/ou hydroperóxidos adequados adicionais incluem di(terc- butil)peróxido, di(terc-amil)peróxido, 2,5-dimetil-2,5- di(terc-butilperoxi)hexano, 3,3,5,7,7-pentametil-1,2,4- trioxepano, terc-butilperoxi 2-etilhexil carbonato e 1,1,3,3- tetrametilbutil hydroperóxido.[035] Examples of additional suitable peroxides and/or hydroperoxides include di(tert-butyl)peroxide, di(tert-amyl)peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, 3, 3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane, tert-butylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl hydroperoxide.
[036] O masterbatch de acordo a presente invenção pode conter opcionalmente determinados aditivos desde que estes aditivos não tenham um efeito significativamente negativo sobre a segurança, transportabilidade e/ou estabilidade ao armazenamento da formulação. Como exemplos de tais aditivos podem ser mencionados: antiozonantes, antioxidantes, antidegradantes, estabilizantes de U.V., coagentes, fungicidas, agentes antiestáticos, pigmentos, corantes, agentes de acoplamento, auxiliares de dispersão, agentes de sopro, lubrificantes, óleos de processo e agentes de liberação de molde. Estes aditivos podem ser empregados em suas quantidades usuais.[036] The masterbatch according to the present invention may optionally contain certain additives provided that these additives do not have a significantly negative effect on the safety, transportability and/or storage stability of the formulation. As examples of such additives may be mentioned: antiozonants, antioxidants, antidegradants, UV stabilizers, co-agents, fungicides, antistatic agents, pigments, dyes, coupling agents, dispersion aids, blowing agents, lubricants, process oils and cleaning agents mold release. These additives can be used in their usual amounts.
[037] A presente invenção também se refere ao uso de tais masterbatches nos processos de modificação de polímero tais como o processamento de polipropileno com controle de reologia (isto é, a degradação de polipropileno).[037] The present invention also relates to the use of such masterbatches in polymer modification processes such as polypropylene processing with rheology control (ie, polypropylene degradation).
[038] Uma formulação de 24 % em peso de peróxido de metil etil cetona cíclico trimérico (MEK) em pentano foi absorvida em polipropileno com uma porosidade de 36 % em volume, ao adicionar lentamente a formulação ao dito polipropileno durante a agitação.[038] A formulation of 24% by weight of trimeric cyclic methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEK) in pentane was absorbed into polypropylene with a porosity of 36% by volume, by slowly adding the formulation to said polypropylene during stirring.
[039] Após agitar por 25 minutos, o pentano altamente volátil foi extraído da formulação ao passar ar através da amostra, seguido por evacuação da amostra até aproximadamente 10 mbar à temperatura ambiente. Isto resultou em um masterbatch compreendendo 7 % em peso de peróxido de MEK trimérico em polipropileno.[039] After stirring for 25 minutes, the highly volatile pentane was extracted from the formulation by passing air through the sample, followed by evacuating the sample to approximately 10 mbar at room temperature. This resulted in a masterbatch comprising 7% by weight of trimeric MEK peroxide in polypropylene.
[040] Um masterbatch compreendendo 13,3 % em peso de peróxido de MEK trimérico foi obtido repetindo o procedimento acima.[040] A masterbatch comprising 13.3% by weight of trimeric MEK peroxide was obtained by repeating the above procedure.
[041] A porosidade do polipropileno foi determinada pela intrusão de mercúrio de acordo ISO 15901-1: a avaliação de distribuição de tamanho de poro e porosimetria de materiais sólidos por porosimetria de mercúrio e adsorção de gás - Parte 1: porosimetria de mercúrio. Este instrumento usado foi um porosímetro Micromeritics Autopore 9505 na faixa de pressão de vácuo até 220 MPa. Antes da medição, o polipropileno foi seco por vácuo a 35 °C por 6 horas.[041] The porosity of polypropylene was determined by mercury intrusion according to ISO 15901-1: the evaluation of pore size distribution and porosimetry of solid materials by mercury porosimetry and gas adsorption - Part 1: mercury porosimetry. This instrument used was a Micromeritics Autopore 9505 porosimeter in the vacuum pressure range up to 220 MPa. Prior to measurement, the polypropylene was vacuum dried at 35 °C for 6 hours.
[042] O comportamento da cristalização do peróxido nos masterbatches - recentemente preparados e após armazenamento a -25 °C por várias semanas - foram analisados com calorimetria de varredura diferencial (DSC). Um copo contendo o masterbatch foi colocado em gelo seco, -80 °C, e transferido para dentro de um forno de DSC pré-resfriado a -25 °C. A transferência foi realizada tão rápido quanto possível para evitar o aquecimento e, assim, a fusão, do peróxido possivelmente solidificado. O primeiro período de 10-20 minutos a -25 °C no forno de DSC foi para evaporar o gelo fora do recipiente de DSC. As amostras foram então aquecidas até +35 °C, com uma taxa de aquecimento de 2 °C/min.[042] The behavior of peroxide crystallization in masterbatches - freshly prepared and after storage at -25 °C for several weeks - were analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A beaker containing the masterbatch was placed on dry ice, -80°C, and transferred into a DSC oven pre-cooled to -25°C. The transfer was carried out as quickly as possible to avoid heating, and thus melting, of the possibly solidified peroxide. The first period of 10-20 minutes at -25°C in the DSC oven was to evaporate the ice out of the DSC container. The samples were then heated to +35 °C, with a heating rate of 2 °C/min.
[043] Nenhuma cristalização de peróxido foi observada com este teste em ambos masterbatches, nem mesmo depois de 5 semanas de armazenamento a -25 °C.[043] No peroxide crystallization was observed with this test in both masterbatches, not even after 5 weeks of storage at -25°C.
[044] Os masterbatches também foram submetidos ao teste modificado de Trauzl de acordo as recomendações UN Recomendações sobre o transporte de mercadorias perigosas. Uma quantidade padronizada da amostra foi pesada em um frasco de vidro e colocada em um bloco de chumbo. O bloco de chumbo é provido com um furo padronizado. Uma espoleta com 0,6 grama de um PETN altamente explosivo foi colocada no centro da amostra. Os testes foram realizados em uma célula de concreto, todas controladas remotamente.[044] The masterbatches were also subjected to the modified Trauzl test in accordance with the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. A standardized amount of the sample was weighed into a glass vial and placed in a lead block. The lead block is provided with a patterned hole. A fuse containing 0.6 gram of highly explosive PETN was placed in the center of the sample. The tests were carried out in a concrete cell, all remotely controlled.
[045] A expansão do bloco de chumbo, após a subtração da expansão de uma substância inerte, é uma medida para o poder explosivo da amostra. Os testes foram realizados usando amostras com 4,5 gramas.[045] The expansion of the lead block, after subtraction of the expansion of an inert substance, is a measure for the explosive power of the sample. Tests were performed using 4.5 gram samples.
[046] O teste modificado de Trauzl foi selecionado para discriminar entre peróxido de MEK cíclico trimérico cristalizado e dissolvido porque o peróxido cristalizado mostra propriedades de detonação e isto causará uma alta expansão do bloco de chumbo.[046] The modified Trauzl test was selected to discriminate between crystallized and dissolved trimeric cyclic MEK peroxide because the crystallized peroxide shows detonation properties and this will cause a high expansion of the lead block.
[047] O poder explosivo como medido com este teste foi igual ao poder explosivo de uma amostra comercial de peróxido de MEK cíclico trimérico em Isopar M contendo cera de parafina (Trigonox® 301).[047] The explosive power as measured with this test was equal to the explosive power of a commercial sample of trimeric cyclic MEK peroxide in Isopar M containing paraffin wax (Trigonox® 301).
[048] Este Exemplo mostra que os masterbatches livres de cera de peróxido de metil etil cetona cíclico trimérico de acordo a presente invenção exibem características seguras. Estas características são similares às soluções de peróxido de metil etil cetona cíclico trimérico contendo cera comercialmente disponíveis.[048] This Example shows that the trimeric cyclic methyl ethyl ketone peroxide wax-free masterbatches according to the present invention exhibit safe characteristics. These characteristics are similar to commercially available wax-containing trimeric cyclic methyl ethyl ketone peroxide solutions.
[049] Os masterbatches de peróxido foram preparados pela formulação de soluções de peróxido de MEK cíclico trimérico em Isopar M no polipropileno usado no exemplo 1. Os teores finais de peróxido de MEK cíclico trimérico (como peróxido puro) foram de 10 e 12 % em peso.[049] The peroxide masterbatches were prepared by formulating trimeric cyclic MEK peroxide solutions in Isopar M in the polypropylene used in example 1. The final contents of trimeric cyclic MEK peroxide (as pure peroxide) were 10 and 12% in Weight.
[050] Os cilindros de empelotamento (aço inoxidável, 4 cm de diâmetro interno e 19 cm de altura) foram cheios com os materiais de masterbatch diferentes (cerca de 30 g). Com um êmbolo, uma carga de 0,23 kg foi aplicada no topo de cada um para simular as condições de pressão como se 25 kg de produto fossem acondicionados em uma sacola em uma caixa de papelão ou 4 sacolas empilhadas no topo umas das outras em uma paleta.[050] The packing cylinders (stainless steel, 4 cm in internal diameter and 19 cm in height) were filled with the different masterbatch materials (about 30 g). With a plunger, a load of 0.23 kg was applied on top of each to simulate the pressure conditions as if 25 kg of product were packed in a bag in a cardboard box or 4 bags stacked on top of each other in a palette.
[051] Os cilindros de empelotamento foram armazenados em um forno de circulação por 4 semanas a 35 °C. Após este período, as cargas foram removidas e os cilindros de empelotamento foram abertos cuidadosamente para liberar os materiais a fim de inspecionar visualmente se o empelotamento ocorreu. Em todos os testes, nenhum empelotamento foi observado, os materiais ainda estavam livres de escoamento.[051] The packing cylinders were stored in a circulation oven for 4 weeks at 35 °C. After this period, the loads were removed and the pelleting cylinders were opened carefully to release the materials in order to visually inspect if the pelleting had occurred. In all tests, no lumping was observed, the materials were still free from flow.
Claims (14)
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US201261733556P | 2012-12-05 | 2012-12-05 | |
US61/733,556 | 2012-12-05 | ||
EP13150128 | 2013-01-03 | ||
EP13150128.0 | 2013-01-03 | ||
PCT/EP2013/075191 WO2014086692A1 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2013-12-02 | Masterbatch comprising a cyclic ketone peroxide |
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ES (1) | ES2704661T3 (en) |
IN (1) | IN2015DN03934A (en) |
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CA2022349C (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 2001-07-17 | Daryl L. Stein | Peroxide masterbatches using polycaprolactone as the carrier |
IT1240647B (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1993-12-17 | Himont Inc | NON-EXTRUDED CONCENTRATES OF ADDITIVES, CHARGES OR PIGMENTS |
WO1996003397A1 (en) * | 1994-07-21 | 1996-02-08 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cyclic ketone peroxide formulations |
US7198844B2 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2007-04-03 | Crompton Corporation | Microporous polymeric resin containing stabilizers and method for making thereof |
FR2946653B1 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2012-08-03 | Arkema France | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MIXED-MASTER COMPOSITION COMPRISING AN ORGANIC PEROXIDE |
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