BR102021010482A2 - Industrialized kit for building construction, industrialized kit for multi-storey building construction consisting of facade, industrialized kit consisting of furniture and ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to industrialized standardization in the field of civil construction. Specifically, the present invention relates to an industrialized KIT for building construction, complete (with frames, installations and finishing), having a plurality of walls (6, 8, 9, 12), a floor (10) and a ceiling ( 5) wherein the plurality of walls (6, 8, 9, 12), the floor (10) and a ceiling (5) are composed of high-performance concrete, the ceiling (5) is composed of layers comprising a plurality of insulations, recesses, inserts and inclined drilling, at least one wall (6) comprising a plurality of openings; at least two walls (8, 9) comprising a height difference of 0 to 18%, at least two walls (6, 12) comprising a slope of between 0 to 5% with respect to the ceiling, the length of the plurality of walls (6 , 8, 9, 12) and the area between the floor (10) and the ceiling (5) varying by up to 50%.

Description

INDUSTRIALIZED KIT FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, INDUSTRIALIZED KIT FOR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION OF MULTI-FLOORS COMPOSED OF FAÇADE, INDUS-TRIALIZED KIT COMPOSED OF FURNITURE AND VENTILATION SYSTEM

[001] The present patent application claims internal priority of patent application BR 10 2020 010861 1 of May 29, 2020.

field of invention

[002] The present invention refers to industrialized standardization in the field of civil construction. Specifically, the present invention relates to the concept of development and manufacture of complete and finished factory geometric components (with frames, installations and finishing), subsequently integrated as large volumetric components or substantial elements of a security building, with significant weight. inferior to reinforced concrete and high strength that allows ballistic protection and minimizes depredations.

Description of the state of the art

[003] There are several construction systems in the engineering and construction segment for the execution of a building, but in Brazil, the most used method is conventional masonry and beams/pillars in reinforced concrete. Among the various construction systems, the predominant ones are exemplified below.

[004] Sealing or Conventional Masonry are sealing or conventional masonry buildings composed of beams, pillars and reinforced concrete slabs. These elements are part of the structure to support the building and the masonry has only the function of sealing and separating environments. For this, ceramic blocks are normally used.

[005] This system is the most used in Brazil due to the lack of qualified and specialized labor, but this causes many pathologies during the work, generating rework and a high amount of waste, as well as a longer execution time. .

[006] In the Structural Masonry, the structure and the sealing of the building are joined, by means of ceramic or concrete blocks, the two specific for this purpose. This system, in addition to the restrictions described in the previous item, has configuration limitations, aesthetics in architectural projects and limited free spans.

[007] There are also the Steel Frame and Wood frame models, in which the Steel Frame is an industrialized and rationalized constructive system, its structure being formed by galvanized steel profiles and its closure being done by means of cement boards or wood. or drywall. The main difference between the steel frame and other systems is the cleaning of the construction site, as the generation of waste is minimal and there is no need to use water.

[008] Regarding the construction method of the Wood Frame, it is very similar to the steel frame. The difference is that instead of galvanized steel profiles, wood profiles are used, usually from reforestation, such as pine. This constructive system consists of solid wood profiles, braced with OSB sheets and an autoclaved wood structure with the function of protecting the building from termites and humidity.

[009] It is also described on the model of Reinforced Concrete, as being composed of beams, pillars and slabs of reinforced concrete, with massive structural walls of reinforced concrete. These walls are concreted with the help of wooden or metallic forms that are assembled in loco according to the architectural project. There is also the possibility of the precast or prefabricated construction system, where pillars, beams and slabs are manufactured and then assembled in the construction.

[0010] Finally, it is described on the Metallic Structure, as being a structural element whose section is produced entirely in metallic material, mainly steel, which are used for the execution of beams, pillars and slabs in concrete.

[0011] In continuity, as is well known, the fastest and most efficient way to implement a standardized construction system is the adoption of industrialized solutions in the critical stages of the work and, although Brazilian construction is culturally based on "in loco" molding ”, it is possible to observe an increase in the use of prefabricated systems in the country's works, with the function of increasing productivity and at the same time guaranteeing the quality of buildings.

[0012] However, the economic upturn in the construction sector, combined with the shortage of skilled labor, has led to a decline in the quality of buildings in recent years.

[0013] Specifically, Brazilian civil construction suffers from a chronic productivity problem. Building more in less time, with predictable costs, without compromising quality and sustainability is still a huge challenge.

[0014] In the field of civil construction there are several types of buildings, in terms of "use or occupation": residential, lodging, commercial, educational, culture, health, industry, warehouses and special ones, including security (police, penitentiaries, educational partners).

[0015] Specifically, in security buildings, for example, penitentiaries, in addition to being concerned with the crossing of flows, adequate sizing of areas, sufficient ventilation and lighting and minimization of the violent potential of the population served, the built structure must have a solution space and be correctly structured to resist depredation / vandalism (impact and fire resistance) and use special materials that prevent the manufacture of weapons with the hardware, in addition to preventing leaks.

[0016] Although penitentiary buildings are being referred to here, in the context of this request, a security environment is understood to be any building that has areas for people to contain or that need special protection from vandalism and invasions, such as police stations .

[0017] Currently, in addition to the lack of vacancies (overcrowding of prisons), there are several other factors that contribute to the current chaotic situation that the Brazilian Penitentiary System lives, a topic addressed in the second Final Report of the CPI of the Prison System of the Chamber of Deputies. deputies. All these factors can be solved with the application of materials suitable for use; design (penal architecture) to ensure a balance between security, rehabilitation and cost (construction, operation and maintenance); and standardized and industrialized construction methodology (which guarantees speed in the construction process and compatible costs). The factors that contribute to the current chaotic situation of the Brazilian Penitentiary System are described below.

[0018] Currently, in prison buildings there is predominance in the use of reinforced concrete resulting from Resolution n. 9/2011 of the National Council for Criminal and Penitentiary Policy -CNPCP, which indicates the use of 20 MPa or 30 MPa reinforced concrete.

[0019] However, in the context of security buildings, the use of reinforced concrete in containment/accommodation/cells areas favors the manufacture of weapons, resulting from the removal of steel bars used in the structuring of walls, beams, pillars and furniture.

[0020] In addition, one of the characteristics of reinforced concrete is cracking, an inevitable process that is harmful and causes damage to the structure, such as accelerating the oxidation of the reinforcement. Constant maintenance is necessary for the treatment of this pathology. It is important to note that steel corrosion is another action that cannot be avoided. When the part is designed, it is already common knowledge that, after a certain time, the CO2 in the atmosphere will trigger a carbonation process and, later on, the chlorides reach the armor, oxidizing it.

[0021] It should be noted that reinforced concrete does not provide adequate thermal and acoustic insulation, especially when installed on solid slabs, commonly used in security buildings. Therefore, it will influence the comfort of the building, regardless of the bioclimatic region, which impacts the increase in user stress due to temperature variation and, consequently, violence (riots) inside the Prison Units.

[0022] In addition, the production of reinforced concrete in situ can be affected due to errors during the mixing and curing processes, impacting on lower final strength, in addition to the longer execution time than other construction systems, due to the curing time. .

[0023] Due to the restriction stipulated in regulations, which restricts the use of certain materials in cells, as an example, the ceramic coating of floors and walls, solutions were not developed to replace these products. Basically, exposed painted concrete is used, thus generating, due to cracks and porosity, several problems of infiltration, as well as the proliferation of fungi and bacteria, in addition to making cleaning difficult, providing the spread of diseases and epidemics resulting from the high porosity of concrete.

[0024] The use of inappropriate materials and installations in the cells allow depredations, leaks, rebellions and premature deterioration, in addition to reinforced concrete, as an example of inadequate materials and solutions are cited: the bars on the windows that together with the toilet are the main vanishing points; the furniture (bunk beds); luminaires and other electrical points, hydro-sanitary installations.

[0025] The Design, the penal architecture, according to the Final Report of the CPI of the Prison System of the Chamber of Deputies, is shown as a factor that contributes to the current chaotic situation that the Brazilian Penitentiary System lives:

[0026] "...The architecture is operationally and economically unsustainable, causing incompatibility between the procedures and technical solutions planned for the building and the real operational possibilities of the penal system...";

[0027] "...Old and outdated architectural models, compromising safety, functionality, comfort, economy and the useful life of the building..."

[0028] Also according to the Final Report of the aforementioned CPI, the penal architectural system most in vogue in Brazil is on a collision course with modern proposals for prison architecture and proves to be unsuitable for human occupation and use, with profound negative impacts on psychological conditions. of prisoners and prison officials at all levels. Among the various architectural systems, the main problems in the design (architecture) are exemplified below: a.) The opening and closing of the doors is manual, at the same level, forcing the daily coexistence of the prison guard (gaoler) and prisoner (inmate or reeducating); b.) Lack of Cross Ventilation in containment/housing/cell areas; c.) There are no clear and unobstructed lines of sight for viewing the prisoners, jeopardizing supervision; d.) There is no concern with crossing flows, aiming at security and resource optimization. There is no distinction between access for agents, prisoners and visitors, they all use the same flow; e.) The areas of health, education, work, custody, accommodation, industrial services (laundry, kitchen), administrative, often do not give priority to safety and there is a crossing of flows, as an example, it was mentioned that in some projects the work areas with all equipment and tools are in front of cells with barred doors; f.) there is no development and optimization of architectural forms and models to enable the standardization and industrialization of buildings; g.) does not foresee the use of materials to improve thermal comfort; minimize the proliferation of fungi and bacteria; reuse and management of water consumption; direct and indirect light; between others.

[0029] It should be noted that, despite the cost of operating a penitentiary in 20 years to be nine times greater than the cost of construction, the designs (architecture) are not developed to prioritize the operation.

[0030] As exemplified above, the current penitentiary projects do not provide for the use of solutions and materials that allow low cost of operation and maintenance; they do not allow the reduction of agents and other professionals necessary for penitentiary administration (optimizing operational procedures); they do not include conditions of habitability and operational safety; and they do not solve the constant coexistence between agent (gaoler) and prisoner.

[0031] The methodology predominantly used in security buildings is structural masonry or "in loco" molding with reinforced concrete or "mix" between reinforced concrete and masonry. The deadline for building a penitentiary unit in Brazil, using these methodologies, is, on average, 6 (six) years (information widely publicized in the media).

[0032] In recent years, some solutions have been developed using precast structures for the prison wing (cells and corridors), however none of these has guaranteed an effective change in the constructive methodology since the prison wing represents 20% of the constructed area of a building penitentiary, the remaining 80% are built in loco (concrete or masonry), not causing major reductions in execution times.

[0033] In addition, none of the precast/prefabricated concrete or metallic (metallic structure) solutions for the existing cells on the market meet the resolutions, standards and architectural parameters of Minimum Cell Area; Minimum Cell Size; Minimum Cell Diameter; Environmental comfort for the different bioclimatic regions of Brazil (natural ventilation and lighting), types of fence (wall and roof with material suited to the peculiarities of each region), opening for ventilation (it is pre-established, for each bioclimatic region, the opening areas in percentage proportionality of the floor area), shading of openings and use of finishing materials that facilitate maintenance, cleaning, in addition to minimizing the proliferation of bacteria and fungi, nor allow design flexibility to meet the various existing architectural parties, (closed, semi-open, among others) and the specific adjustments requested by each client.

[0034] The constructive methodologies used have high maintenance costs, due to the finish in painted exposed concrete or masonry with plaster and paint, the structures deteriorate over time.

[0035] Therefore, penitentiary buildings with the current concepts of construction, have a high cost of construction, operation and maintenance, do not guarantee safety (need for careful controls and strict discipline) and rehabilitation of the prisoner, nor the conditions of comfort ( habitability), quality, structure performance and speed of execution.

[0036] As already mentioned, the construction systems applied and developed so far, allow low industrialization and/or prefabrication (maximum 20% of the built area), that is, restricted to the prefabrication of cells. And all the solutions developed do not meet the general standards (NBR) nor the specific, CNPCP resolution 09/2011, or control and safety conditions.

[0037] It remains clear that none of the precast / prefabricated concrete or metallic (metallic structure) solutions for cells on the market meet the architectural parameters of Minimum Cell Area; Minimum Cell Size; Minimum Cell Diameter; Environmental comfort for the different bioclimatic regions of Brazil (natural ventilation and lighting), types of fence (wall and roof with suitable material with the peculiarities of each region), opening for ventilation (it is pre-established, for each bioclimatic region, the opening areas proportionality of the floor area), shading of openings and use of finishing materials that facilitate maintenance, cleaning, in addition to minimizing the proliferation of bacteria and fungi, nor allow design flexibility to meet the various existing architectural parties, regimes of detention (closed, semi-open, among others) and the specific adaptations requested by each client.

[0038] Thus, it is evident the need to solve the problems of time, price, quality, operation cost and maintenance of civil construction for different types of buildings from simple buildings such as housing to special buildings for security environments that require ballistic protection, while guaranteeing quality and standardization of industrialized construction.

Objectives of the invention

[0039] Thus, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an industrialized KIT for building construction, an industrialized KIT for multi-story building construction and an industrialized KIT composed of furniture, which simplify the construction and execution of the works.

[0040] KITs can be of type a.) Closed with ceiling, floor and four walls; b.) Semi-open, to create wider spaces when placed side by side or overlapping; c.) Connection, floor and/or ceiling and/or wall and/or facade in order to carry out closures between areas, rooms, environments, spaces, interconnections and complements.

[0041] Another objective of the present invention is to provide blocks and volumetric elements that arrive ready from the factory, complete and finished, with frames, installations and finishing, and that are assembled by a team trained to operate a crane and fit the parts. The only prerequisite is the preparation of the ground, raft and their interconnections so that the structures can be laid, in order to allow the building to be built almost entirely with industrialized components, except for the earthmoving, foundation, additions and urbanization stages. .

[0042] The present invention, in comparison with traditional construction methods and designs, aims to: provide fully industrialized KITs, reduce construction times; simplify the construction process; ensure low maintenance and operation cost; enable structures with significantly lower weight than reinforced concrete; reduce material waste and amount of debris; save energy and have low construction/operation cost, meet applicable legislation.

[0043] Additionally, the present invention aims to provide an industrialized, sustainable, economical kit, with executive simplicity, molded in any shape, and depending on the use and occupation, with characteristics of tensile and bending resistance, by using fibers , which does not burn, does not propagate the flame, presenting lightness and slenderness, in order to facilitate handling and transport, as well as reducing the load on the structure of the work.

[0044] It is another objective of the present invention to provide an industrialized kit composed of ergonomically designed furniture to meet the legislation and minimize the risk of depredation and vandalism; enabling visualization and ventilation, resulting from the openings in the heads of the bunks, which do not include corners in which all edges are rounded and weigh 50% less compared to traditional construction furniture.

Brief description of the invention

[0045] The objectives of the present invention are achieved by means of an industrialized KIT for building construction composed of a plurality of walls, a floor and a ceiling, in which the plurality of walls, the floor and the ceiling are composed of high-quality concrete. performance in addition to layers of different materials with densities, thicknesses, thermal capacities, insulation and reflective characteristics to meet the various bioclimatic regions.

[0046] The plurality of walls, the floor and the ceiling comprising a plurality of recesses, inserts and inclined hole, similar to an opening, wherein at least one wall comprising a plurality of openings and another comprising opening to a multifunctional sliding door which comprises a device that enables the concomitant use of a plated and grated door; at least two walls comprising a height difference of 0 to 18% between them, being able to assume ranges of different values between 0 to 18%, for example 5%, at least two walls comprising a slope ranges of different values between 0 to 5 % in relation to the ceiling, being able to assume slope ranges between 0 and 5%, for example, 2%, in which the plurality of walls, floor and ceiling are capable of allowing a cross ventilation system for the KIT.

[0047] Additionally, the dimensions of the industrialized KIT for building construction, regarding the length of walls and ceiling and floor areas, can vary from 0 to 50%.

[0048] The ranges of values 0 to 18%, 0 to 5% and 0 to 50%, corresponding respectively to the difference in height of two walls, the slope in relation to the ceiling and the length of the walls, are defined to advantageously meet the all typologies, designs and architectural parties.

[0049] Thus, the difference in height of two walls, the slope in relation to the ceiling and the length of the walls can assume any X values, in the ranges of values X at 18%, X at 5% and X at 50%, being that X may have any unit value (non-decimal) between 1 and 18%, 1 and 5% and 1 and 50%.

[0050] The objectives of the present invention are also achieved by means of an industrialized KIT for multi-story building construction consisting of a facade having a plurality of walls, a floor and a ceiling, the KIT being composed of high performance concrete, in which the plurality of walls comprises the same height, and the KIT comprising a plurality of beams and rods for the interconnection of at least two walls for the superposition of at least two KITs, in which they are configured to assume one of a closed configuration, transferring the combined vertical load; a semi-open configuration, creating spaces when placed side by side or overlapping; or a connection configuration between floor and/or ceiling and/or at least one wall, to close off areas / rooms / environments / spaces, interconnections and complements.

[0051] The objectives of the present invention are also achieved by means of industrialized KIT composed of furniture comprising layers of fiber reinforced concrete, expanded polystyrene and foam concrete comprising, box for bath/washbasin area, at least one bed, at least one bed support base comprising a ventilation opening, wherein the bed is arranged on the support base so as to allow a cross ventilation system for the KIT.

[0052] The objectives of the present invention are also achieved by means of a ventilation system for an industrialized KIT comprising at least one centrifugal fan, at least one duct with thermal insulation and external protection, at least one insufflation point, in that the at least one inflation point is configured to increase the amount of air exchange with the outside concomitantly with a minimum rate of outside air to be inflated.

Brief Description of Figures

[0053] The industrialized KITs of the present invention can be better understood through the following detailed description which is based on the figures listed below.

[0054] Figure 1A - is a perspective view of the industrialized KIT for building construction, a first object of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 1B - is a perspective exploded view of the object shown in Figure 1A.

[0056] Figure 2 - is a front view of alternative constructions of the object shown in Figure 1 A.

[0057] Figure 3 - is a front view of the hydraulic diagram of the activation of the doors of the Door Automation System, with the detail of the open closed positions, the meshed and plated doors.

[0058] Figure 4, 5 and 6 - are exploded views in perspective of the industrialized KIT for multi-storey building construction, consisting of facade, corridors and service and operational gallery, a second object of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 7 - is a front view of alternative constructions of the object shown in figures 4 and 6.

[0060] Figure 8 - is an exploded view in perspective of the industrialized KIT for furniture, a third object of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 9 - is a cut and detail view of the industrialized KIT for furniture comprising a horizontal hydro-sanitary outlet (CSH) shaft box that integrates all the outlets of the hydro-sanitary installations, with the two options: overflow chute ( 01 - A) or cleaning basket (01 - B).

[0062] Figure 10 - is a front view of the devices that replace showers and faucets.

[0063] Figure 11 - is a schematic view of the drinking water generation system.
Figure 12 - is a schematic view of the centrifugal fan, the ducts that make the distribution providing equal air flow for each environment to be inflated, and the connection between the ducts. Detailed description of figures

[0064] As shown in figures 1A and 1B and 2, a first object of the present invention is achieved by means of an industrialized KIT for building construction being composed, in general, of a structure formed by massive plates of high performance concrete , floor, walls and ceiling and, depending on the use and occupation, the concrete slabs are molded with a layer for thermal insulation, a "sandwich" concept of layers.

[0065] As shown in figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, a second object of the present invention is achieved by means of an industrialized KIT for building construction with multiple floors, corridors and service and operational gallery, comprising a roof and two beams to be mounted on at least two KITs, which create the corridor environment, for example, in a prison area, used in linear prison designs with manual or automated opening of the door at the same level. The beams and ceiling rest on the lower floor wall panels, and the wall panels connect to the lower panels with vertical rods.

[0066] In addition, the industrialized KIT for multi-storey building construction is applied for the various uses, which are defined by wall/facade panels that integrate and complement the industrialized KITs for building construction. The structural frame of these panels uses the panel itself, or the industrialized KIT for building construction or vertical columns and horizontal beams when necessary.

[0067] As shown in figures 8 and 9, the objectives of the present invention are also achieved by means of an industrialized KIT composed of furniture, produced in special forms that receive surface treatment and painting with epoxy varnish, ensuring a surface without porosity and lisa, that is, the production of parts is carried out in layers of high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete, expanded polystyrene, lightweight concrete, foam and fiber-reinforced high-performance concrete.

[0068] In this sense, the three configurations of KITs when integrated form environments that make up structures with separate units, or complete buildings. The composition of the various products generally forms a self-supporting structure.

[0069] The high performance concrete has a strength greater than 70 MPa, uses fiber instead of steel rebar, and has high abrasion resistance, high durability due to very low porosity, high resistance to the action of chemical agents, such as chlorides and sulfates, low permeability, no segregation, no exudation.

[0070] Therefore, it has superior mechanical characteristics of compression, wear and modulus of elasticity, as well as less deformation than any other material used in conventional construction, for example, masonry and concrete.

[0071] The floor, wall and ceiling are cast, concreted, in wooden molds, which receive surface treatment and painting with epoxy varnish, ensuring a smooth and porous-free surface, that is, a polished finish - with a mirror-like appearance.

[0072] Therefore, the components manufactured in these molds with high performance concrete, have a smooth surface, without porosity, polished finish that results in a mirrored appearance and facilitates maintenance, cleaning, in addition to minimizing the proliferation of bacteria and fungi, and as it does not use reinforcement, that is, rebar, it does not present the pathologies inherent to reinforced concrete, as well as in prison units, it does not favor the manufacture of weapons, resulting from the removal of steel bars used in the structuring of the walls, beams, pillars and furniture.

[0073] The floors are cast with all trims, openings, drilling, fittings, recesses, inserts, installations, among others, and come out of the molds ready for use, with final finishing. The ceiling and walls are also fused with all installations, frames, architectural details, construction and final finishing.

[0074] To avoid any problem in storage, transport and assembly, the structure is designed and manufactured as an autonomous unit, but when integrated with the other structures, they work together, for example, each unit has its individualized rainwater drainage system. .

[0075] Thus, advantageously, the use of high performance concrete allows not only for the first object of the present invention, but also for the second and third object of the present invention, the following advantages: a.) arising from the high initial strength guarantees great resistance in a short time, streamlining works and allows for greater speed in execution, both in the industrialization and assembly stages; b.) allows the reduction of sections of columns and beams, increase of the useful area or increase of spans; c.) reduces the structure's own weight; d.) reduces the volume of concrete; e.) reduces foundations; f.) makes it possible to increase the useful life of the structure; g.) better mechanical characteristics: compression, wear and modulus of elasticity; h.) less deformation; i.) Low permeability; j.) Excellent workability; k.) Absence of exudation (water efflorescence during the casting and consolidation of the concrete); l.) Excellent adhesion on pre-existing concrete; m.) High abrasion resistance; n.) Absence of segregation; o.) High durability due to very low porosity, which significantly reduces carbonation (loss of alkalinity in the concrete that protects the steel), preventing the corrosion of the reinforcement over time; p.) High resistance to the action of chemical agents, such as chlorides and sulfates; q.) greater strength than the concrete commonly used in buildings, preventing vandalism and escape attempts; r.) the use of fibers guarantees resistance to traction, compression, impacts, and prevents the appearance of cracks in the concrete, in addition to not providing metal for the artisanal manufacture of weapons.

[0076] Additionally, high-performance concrete comprises pigmentation for coloring, so no surface treatment or painting is required on the finished and smooth face, minimizing maintenance costs.

[0077] The finished, smooth surface has very low permeability and does not require coating. This differentiated surface quality is achieved through the use of fine aggregate, waterproofing additives, plasticizer additives and high quality molds, ensuring a smooth and non-porous surface.

[0078] Furthermore, advantageously, the first and second objects of the present invention, as shown in figures 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, are produced in special molds and have 40% less weight compared to traditional construction methods, reinforced concrete as well as thermal insulation eliminating the need for large investments in ventilation, heating or cooling systems.

[0079] Still, advantageously, the third object of the present invention allows the possibility of varying the arrangement of the furniture to generate from 1 (one) to 8 (eight) beds (vacancies) per accommodation unit. The industrialized KIT composed of furniture has 50% less weight compared to traditional construction methods, reinforced concrete, and equivalent resistance to load and vandalism actions.

[0080] In more detail, as shown in Figure 1B, the industrialized KIT for building construction, the first object of the present invention, comprises a plurality of walls 6, 8, 9, 12, a floor 10 and a ceiling 5, composed of high-performance concrete the ceiling 5 being composed of layers 1, 2, 3, 4, comprising a plurality of recesses, inserts and sloping holes or openings, at least one wall 6 comprising a plurality of openings; and another wall 12 comprising opening for a multifunctional sliding door, which enables the concomitant use of a plated and grated door, at least two walls 8, 9 comprising a height difference of 7%, at least two walls 6, 12 comprising a slope between 2 to 5% in relation to the ceiling, where the plurality of walls 6, 8, 9, 12, the floor 10 and the ceiling 5 are capable of allowing a cross ventilation system for the KIT.

[0081] Advantageously, the dimensions of the industrialized KIT for building construction, the length of walls and ceiling and floor areas can vary by up to 50% and the height of the walls by up to 18%, to meet all typologies, designs and architectural parties .

[0082] Thus, the difference in height of two walls and the length of the walls can assume any X values, in the ranges of values X at 18% and X at 50%, and X may have any unit value (non-decimal) between 1 and 18% and 1 and 50%.

[0083] In more detail, preferably but not limiting, the KIT comprises structure formed by: a floor 10; two side walls 8.9 with a slope in length of 3.4%; a front wall 12 with a height of 2678.00 mm; a back wall 6 with a height of 2501.00 mm; a roof composed of layers, "sandwich" 1, 2, 3, 4, concrete slab with recesses, inserts and inclined drilling, to allow cross ventilation, in addition to stainless steel coin plate 4, insulating layer composed of expanded polystyrene and lightweight concrete , fiberglass shotcrete roof panel and fiberglass shotcrete structure to cover the cross ventilation elements.

[0084] Additionally, in a preferential but not limiting way, the industrialized KIT for building construction comprises plated metal doors 17, meshed door 18 with armored pulleys 16 and with blanket for insulation, fixing system and walkway rails for the doors 13 , 15, 19; actuation for manual opening/closing of the door on the same level, actuation for manual opening/closing of the door on a higher level, actuation for automatic opening/closing of the door; electrical system, steel armored luminaire, with LED lamp, 12 volts, built-in infrared camera and display.

[0085] The industrialized KIT for building construction being configured to also comprise a hydrosanitary system composed of a stainless steel vessel embedded in a fiber-reinforced concrete structure, resistance greater than 70Mpa, coupled drain, individualized sewage box with a grating system stainless steel / overflow chute or cleaning basket / access cover to facilitate maintenance, water point for sink, point for toilet, bath water, hot and cold, cold drinking water, trigger for external flushing box.

[0086] The hydrosanitary system comes ready from the factory and guarantees safe installation, which does not leak, prevents sewage from infiltrating into the ground and prevents bad smells. The KIT, in addition to allowing access and simplifying the cleaning and clearing process, routine or resulting from acts of vandalism, allows the change of direction or slope in the network to meet the requirements of the implementation project.

[0087] As shown in figure 2, in an alternative construction, the industrialized KIT for building construction comprises a back wall 6 with a plurality of openings that comprise one of a window with bars 6.3, circular openings 6.1 or rectangular openings 6.2, as used in the American penitentiaries or brises, it is noteworthy that this configuration allows adjustments to be made in the production line, including dimensions, to meet the needs of use and occupation.

[0088] In continuity, walls 6, 8, 9, 12, floor 10 and ceiling 5 are produced in special molds made of wood, which receive surface treatment and painting with epoxy varnish, ensuring a surface without porosity and smooth, that is, , polished finish - with a mirror-like appearance. These pieces are produced with high performance concrete composed of white cement, metakaolin, titanium dioxide, fibers, sand and a waterproofing and plasticizer additive.

[0089] It should be noted that high-performance concrete, ideal for aggressive environments or requiring high durability and ballistic safety, has a compressive strength equal to or greater than 70 MPa, at a young age, that is, it has a strength greater than 713.804 Kgf/ cm2, that is, more than twice the strength of concrete used in conventional constructions.

[0090] Walls 6, 8, 9, 12, floor 10 and ceiling 5 are molded, concreted, with inserts, luminaire box and frames, ensuring that they were permanently embedded in the concrete resulting in a much stronger bond than in the conventional installation, being also connected by fitting and welding the inserts, configured for fixing furniture, using fitting, parabolt and white MC DUR 1300 TX.

[0091] The side walls 8, 9 adopt the shell concept, where the structure of the walls is industrialized with recesses to be complemented with concrete in loco, at the time of assembly at the implantation site. This constructive solution reduces the weight of the KIT, and allows the consolidation of structures between KITS. It is important to highlight that the walls 8, 9 when industrialized have half the final thickness, and remain in the final thickness after the assembly of the KITS, the sum of the walls of each of the KITS with in loco filling of the recess.

[0092] It is also observed that the comfort conditions, namely lighting and ventilation, are met with simple solutions applied through the developed cross ventilation system, composed by the openings in the back wall 6 and in the ceiling 5, by the 18 grated door, and by the insulation sandwich layers used in the concrete slab with recesses, inserts and inclined drilling to allow cross ventilation. This ventilation system provides ventilation and creates differentiated natural lighting conditions.

[0093] Specifically, the ventilation and natural lighting system occurs through inclined holes in the back wall panel 6, equating the common problem in prisons of escapes carried out through sawing the bars, as well as restricting the viewing angle of users.

[0094] More specifically, in a preferred, but not limiting, embodiment, the ventilation and lighting openings are composed of circular openings in the back wall 6 of 100 mm, with an inclination to prevent the entry of water, as well as to reduce the radius of user's view, preventing him from knowing the prison unit's operating routine. Therefore, the risk of leakage is minimized.

[0095] The cell's artificial lighting system was specially developed to meet the use, consisting of a steel luminaire box that is consolidated to the concrete at the time of wall execution; armored glass; lighting with LED strips; external access, feathers in the hallway, for maintenance. In the luminaire box, a monitoring system was installed, which allows the agent to follow the movement inside the cell.

[0096] It is observed that the electrical installation is 12 volts in the cell wing, corridors, gallery of operational services, making it impossible to connect electrical appliances, shower resistors, among others; there are no sockets or switches in the cells and corridors; the entire electrical installation is installed in a shaft or in the Services and Operation Gallery where only agents have access, and are visible to facilitate maintenance; all lighting control is carried out through the Services and Operation Gallery; there are no lamps or luminaires installed in the cell corridors, all lighting is indirect, originating in the Services and Operations Gallery.

[0097] Regarding the hydrosanitary and fire installations, in the same model as the electric one, they were developed to prevent users' access. The hydro-sanitary and Fire installations are installed in a shaft or in the Services and Operation Gallery, a place of exclusive access for the agents, they are apparent to facilitate maintenance; and the control of water as well as energy is carried out through the Service and Operation Gallery by the agent/gaoler.

[0098] In addition, in a preferential, but not limiting way, the hydrosanitary installations are composed of one or more of washbasins with countertops 4 and 5, toilet 2 of stainless steel and high-performance concrete, embedded in a shotcrete structure with fiber, resistance superior to 70MPa, and shower 1,

[0099] The water box for flushing is installed in the Operational Service Gallery or in the Shaft, without access for users, with a specific drive system. This system facilitates and simplifies maintenance.

[00100] Also, the use of two models of ports 17 and 18, which facilitates the administration of the unit, as well as the management of lighting and ventilation of the environment.

[00101] The door system 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 was developed to meet the manual, automated operation at the same level, as well as the use of a service gallery and operation on the upper floor.

[00102] When the configuration using a service gallery and operation, through the door automation system, there is no contact between agent and user, all door opening is performed by the agent who is on the upper floor without any contact with the user.

[00103] In other words, the Door Automation System controls the opening and closing of the control center doors, integrated with a CCTV and audio system.

[00104] As shown in figure 3, the opening and closing of the doors are performed by a hydraulic piston, with electric drive, powered by a Hydraulic Central. The Portas Hydraulic Power Station is responsible for generating hydraulic energy that will move the entire door opening and closing system.

[00105] Preferably, but not limiting, the system is made up of the following components: Hydraulic reservoir, filling nozzle with AIR filter, sight glass with thermometer; Hydraulic pump driven by a 4CV three-phase electric motor, coupled by an elastic element; motor pump set that will come into action in the event of a failure in the main pump, or an eventual power outage; Manifold block containing the system control valves.

[00106] The system control valves may correspond to a vent directional valve, which allows the system to be always on alert, but without load, thus it does not generate heat, dispensing with auxiliary oil cooling systems; a relief valve (bay-pass), responsible for regulating and maintaining the desired pressure, ensuring the integrity of the entire system, in terms of watertightness and/or eventual rupture of tubes, connections, hoses and cylinders due to excess pressure; also comprising a pressure switch, responsible for the automatic shutdown of the vent valve after the cylinders reach the end of their stroke, both when opening and closing; and a compensated flow regulating valve, allows the opening of one or more doors at the same time, as well as adjusting the desired opening and closing speed.

[00107] In a preferential, but not limiting way, the hydraulic system for closing and opening the doors is individual, composed of a Manifold Block, which allows and enables the entire system with a single pressure line and double directional valve, by electric activation , direct current, coil; and by hydraulic cylinders in the doors with double check valve, guaranteeing total safety regarding the opening of the door by mechanical force.

[00108] The electric activation consists of a timer that will turn off the control unit when it is not requested to operate for a period exceeding 05 (five) minutes. The System will have a sensor that will indicate the total closing of the door.

[00109] Thus, with a simple touch to open the door, the electric motor will start without load, which, after 03 (three) seconds, will enable the vent valve and, in turn, allow all hydraulic activation.

[00110] Preferably, but not limiting, the automation system comprises the following components: Automation panel, containing a programmable logic controller (PLC), as well as discrete input and output digital cards.

[00111] The function of the panel is to receive all signals from the limit switch and pressure switch sensors, as well as to activate the gate opening solenoid valves. The controller will be able to monitor opening and closing times, pressure below or above the established limit, generate and record operation failure alarms, among other features; 02 (two) pulley position limit switches per door, to confirm the opening and closing processes.

[00112] These sensors will be used to inform the controller if a door was really closed or opened after activation, indicating failures and alarms for the operator/agent; pressure transmitter for monitoring the working pressure of the hydraulic unit.

[00113] In turn, this transmitter will monitor the working pressure of the hydraulic unit, controlling high and low limits for equipment safety, as well as preventing opening failures, pump failures or the hydraulic unit as a whole through a panel of supervision containing an HMI (Human Machine Interface).

[00114] Thus, advantageously, in the HMI, the operator/agent will be able to control and supervise the doors, that is, he will be able to activate each door individually and monitor the positions of each one, as well as monitor faults and alarms that arise and record times of the latest door activations; electrical panel for driving a three-phase motor of the hydraulic unit.

[00115] In addition, advantageously, the automation system integrated with the CCTV enables greater reliability, durability and lower maintenance costs, bringing several benefits and efficiency in the management of units: a.) increased productivity; b.) cost reduction; c.) quality optimization; d.) increased security; e.) possibility of remote monitoring.

[00116] It is noteworthy, therefore, that the KIT was developed contemplating all the details to meet the resolution, standards and specifications, as well as creating solutions for the various problems reported and identified in the units in operation, ensuring safety (need for careful controls and strict discipline), comfort conditions (habitability), quality, performance of the structure.

[00117] Thus, advantageously, the first object of the present invention guarantees low cost of operation and maintenance resulting from the solution of different flows of users and agents, as well as resulting from the developed solutions of materials and finishing; guarantees living conditions compatible with the climate diversity in Brazilian regions; it is modularized, allowing expansions; the spatial solution guarantees the crossing of flows, adequate sizing, ventilation and lighting; and guarantees industrialization of more than 80% of the built-up area.

[00118] With respect to the industrialized KIT for multi-story building construction, as shown in Figure 5, the second object of the present invention comprises a structure similar to Figures 1A and 1B, except for the side walls 9 and back wall 6 that at the same time instead of having different heights, they have the same height as the front 10 (of the door), therefore, the ceiling 13 has no trim, it does not have the openings, nor the layers, "sandwich", of insulation. In addition, the ceiling 13 has dimension to create the corridor environment. The dimensions of the industrialized KIT for building construction, the length of walls and ceiling and floor areas can vary by up to 50% and the height of the walls by up to 18%, to suit all typologies, designs and architectural parties.

[00119] Thus, the height difference of two walls and the length of the walls can assume any X values, in the ranges of values X at 18% and X at 50%, and X can have any unit value (non-decimal) between 1 and 18% and 1 and 50%.

[00120] In detail, the industrialized KIT for multi-storey building construction consisting of a facade comprises a plurality of walls 6, 9, 10, a floor 8 and a ceiling 13, being also composed of high performance concrete, in which the the plurality of walls 6, 9, 10 comprise the same height and the KIT comprising a plurality of beams and rods for the interconnection of at least two walls for the superposition of at least two KITs.

[00121] The superposition of the KITs is made on a set of beams supported on the back and front wall (of the door) to create the interconnections with the shaft. The beams rest on the back and front (door) wall panels, and connect with vertical rods.

[00122] In this configuration, the electrical and sanitary systems use the same connection pattern shown in Figures 1A and 1B, however, instead of being routed through the Operational Services Gallery, they are installed in an external shaft system.

[00123] Additionally, the second object of the present invention also comprises a door system similar to the first object of the invention, further comprising the same Automated Door Opening System and all the management of opening/closing doors, water and energy consumption it is carried out from the control point, where there is a view of all cells, as already described for the first object of the invention.

[00124] The industrialized KIT for multi-storey building construction, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, comprises a roof and two beams that, when mounted on two cells, create the corridor environment in the prison wing, used in linear prison designs with manual opening of the door at the same level or automated. The roof is composed of layers, "sandwich", concrete slab with recesses and inserts, insulating layer composed of expanded polystyrene and lightweight concrete, roofing panel in shotcrete with fiber.

[00125] The beams and ceiling rest on the lower floor wall panels, and the wall panels connect to the lower panels with vertical rods.

[00126] In addition, the industrialized KIT for multi-storey building construction, as shown in figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, is applied for the various uses, defined by wall panels, which integrate and complement the industrialized KITs for building construction. The structural frame of these panels uses the panel itself, or the industrialized KIT for building construction or vertical columns and horizontal beams when necessary.

[00127] Closures are connected by fitting and/or welding and/or screwing steel plates that have been incorporated into columns and/or beams and/or panels and/or KITS. Each enclosure is bolted and/or welded and/or fitted to the foundation and adjacent panels, the pillars are fixed to the foot by anchor in the foundation, the horizontal beams are joined to the columns by steel plate welded connections. The slabs of the remaining floors rest on the lower floor wall panels, and the wall panels connect to the lower panels with vertical rods. The same rods run through the ends of the second floor slabs, connecting them securely to the top of the first floor walls.

[00128] The facade panels, according to the use and specification of the project, are produced in high performance concrete, reinforced concrete, or in the "sandwich" system, layers, with fiber shot concrete panels with 10mm to 12mm thick and/or OSB and/or Plaster and/or lightweight concrete and/or thermal insulation and/or acoustic insulation. These facades leave the production line, ready for use, with all electrical, plumbing, window frames, finishes, fixing and lifting points.

[00129] It is noteworthy, therefore, that the KIT was developed contemplating all the details to meet the resolution, standards and specifications, as well as creating solutions for the various problems reported and identified in the units in operation, ensuring safety (need for careful controls and strict discipline), comfort conditions (habitability), quality, performance of the structure.

[00130] Thus, advantageously, the second object of the present invention guarantees low cost of operation and maintenance resulting from the solution of different flows of users and agents, as well as resulting from the developed solutions of materials and finishing; guarantees living conditions compatible with the diversity of climate in Brazilian regions; it is modularized, allowing expansions; the spatial solution guarantees the crossing of flows, adequate sizing, ventilation and lighting; and guarantees industrialization of more than 80% of the built-up area.

[00131] Furthermore, more advantageously, the second object of the present invention provides a structure formed by massive concrete slabs: a.) Closed (ceiling, floor and four walls), with four closed sides to create cellular-like spaces designed to transfer the combined vertical load from the above modules; b.) Semi-open (no ceiling or floor or wall), to create wider spaces when placed side by side or overlapping; c.) Connection (floor and/or ceiling and/or wall and/or facade), to close off areas / rooms / environments / spaces, interconnections and complements. They are usually stacked without an independent structure, resulting in a "Design, Manufacture and Assembly", (practicality, functionality and simplicity), integrating: Briefing (expectations, needs and desires); Functionality (flows and space planning); Best Practices ; costs, deadlines and sustainability, creating the volumetric elements.

[00132] In continuity, the third object of the present invention, industrialized KIT composed of furniture, as shown in Figure 8, and as its main feature, flexibility stands out, allowing the assembly of various arrangements and alternatives of furniture arrangement, generating from 1 (one) to 8 (eight) beds (vacancies) per accommodation unit (cell).

[00133] The industrialized KIT composed of furniture is composed of a concrete box with fiber for the bath/washbasin area 3, 9, bed 6 of concrete with fiber, base 7, 8 for support/closing of bed and central support of concrete with fiber having a central opening, with a system of fitting to the walls and fixing through parabolt or MC DUR 1300 TX WHITE, as well as water points, shower and faucet.

[00134] Additionally, the third object of the present invention also comprises a door system similar to the first object of the invention, further comprising the same Automated Door Opening System and all the management of opening/closing doors, water and energy consumption is carried out from the control point, where there is a view of all cells, as already described for the first object of the invention

[00135] In addition, preferentially, but not limiting, the KIT is configured to comprise hydrosanitary installations composed of one or more of washbasins with countertops 4 and 5, toilet 2 of stainless steel and high-performance concrete, embedded in shotcrete structure with fiber, strength greater than 70MPa, and shower 1, plurality of tubes, figure 9, details 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and overflow channel (01-A) or cleaning basket (01-B ).

[00136] Specifically, the KIT has two system options: a.) overflow chute (figure 9, 01 -A) or b.) cleaning basket (figure 9, 01 - B), all of them with a grating system for removal of coarse solids where material larger than the bar spacing is retained.

[00137] More specifically, the sewage system consists of a stainless steel 2 toilet, coated with high-performance concrete, strength greater than 70 MPa, fixed with mechanical anchors (parabolt) and white MC DUR 1300 TX. The shower drain 1 is integrated into the toilet 2 and the sanitary sewage system is externally structured with individual grating boxes and overflow or cleaning basket to prevent vandalism, clogging, as shown in figure 9.

[00138] Preferably, but not limiting, these devices can be replaced by showers and faucets incorporated into the walls at the time of manufacture, thus minimizing the high level of vandalism by users.

[00139] In other words, as shown in figure 10, the showers and faucets are not visible, they are built in.

[00140] In addition, these devices are activated by an anti-vandalism button and the flow, time and volume of water are controlled by a valve that provides water for the maximum time after activated.

[00141] It should be noted that, advantageously, the maximum time can assume any admissible values for the object of the invention.

[00142] Preferably, but not limiting, the maximum time can be 30s.

[00143] The KIT is also composed of a horizontal shaft box - hydrosanitary outlet - (CSH) allows the use of interconnection pipes between cells and boxes with smaller diameters, ending one of the main escape points in the penitentiary system, tunnel excavation using the water-sanitary outlets of the toilets.

[00144] With regard to furniture, it is produced in special shapes that receive surface treatment and painting with epoxy varnish, ensuring a surface without porosity and smooth, that is, a polished finish - with a mirrored appearance, the production of the pieces is carried out in layers fiber reinforced concrete, expanded polystyrene, lightweight concrete (with foam) and fiber reinforced concrete. The furniture is 50% lighter in weight compared to traditional construction methods, reinforced concrete, and similar resistance to load and vandalism.

[00145] Fiber reinforced concrete is composed of high initial strength white structural cement CPB 40, AF 40/50 SG silicon sand containing quartz (SiO2), in an amount greater than 96% of the weight of the sand, fiber ARC 14 2500 , additives, and titanium dioxide.

[00146] Fiber reinforced concrete has: Density 1.7 and 2.1 T/m3; Impact resistance 10 and 20 Kg/cm2; Compression/breakage resistance 500 and 800 Kg/cm2; Modulus of elasticity 100.00 and 200.00 Kg/cm2; Flexion (Proportionality limit 70 and 110 Kg/cm2 and Tear strength 210 and 250 Kg/cm2); Traction (Proportionality limit 50 and 70 Kg/cm2; Tear strength 70 and 110 Kg/cm2); Cutting Force (Interlaminar 35 and 55 Kg/cm2; Planar 80 and 110 Kg/cm2; Punching/Drilling 250 and 450 Kg/cm2; Thermal conductivity coefficient l= 0.60 W/m°C).

[00147] The following characteristics and advantages of fiber reinforced concrete stand out: a.) Made of minerals and non-flammable (does not burn, does not propagate flame); b.) Lightness and slenderness; c.) Reduces the load on the structure of the work; d.) Allows more design freedom; e.) Use less material, reduce environmental impact; f.) Can be molded into virtually any shape; g.) Decreases the number of pathologies, reduction of cracks due to the presence of fiber; h.) Low water/cement factor; i.) Great productivity and production control.

[00148] Cellular lightweight concrete, which has a specific mass of 450 kg/m3, is obtained by a special foam additive, pearl expanded polystyrene, expanded vermiculite and perlite.

[00149] Advantageously, the furniture design was developed to: a.) provide better circulation space; b.) provide better light, cross ventilation and visibility with the use of openings in the bunk partitions, c.) do not use steel in the structure to minimize the manufacture of handcrafted weapons by users; d.) use a polished surface with low permeability to facilitate cleaning and minimize the proliferation of fungi and bacteria.

[00150] Depending on the use, the furniture can be structured with fiber bars or with a mesh formed by polymers, carbon fibers, glass and epoxy resins. The standard configuration of bunk beds has a load capacity of over 500 kg.

[00151] Advantageously, the furniture was ergonomically developed to meet the legislation and minimize the risk of depredation / vandalism; enabling visualization and ventilation, resulting from the openings in the heads of the bunks, which do not include corners in which all edges are rounded.

[00152] Continuing, as shown in Figure 11, the industrialized KIT can also comprise a system for generating cold drinking water that feeds each of the KITs through piping protected by an insulating layer with the capacity to serve up to 800 users per hour.

[00153] In a preferential but not limiting way, the system for generating cold drinking water is composed of: external stainless steel housing and internal polypropylene plastic housing; stainless steel water tank; two low energy compressors; water purification filter 210; stainless steel coil; valve (drain, jet, shut off, feed); faucets; water inlet with automatic closing through level sensor; chilled water outlet 230; hydraulic piping for the distribution of apparent water with insulation 220, installed in the service and operation gallery; thermostat for water temperature regulation; voltage 127v or 220v.

[00154] Advantageously, the chilled drinking water generator provides better comfort conditions to users, through the provision of chilled water in each KIT. The 200 chilled drinking water generator set has the capacity to serve up to 800 users per hour

[00155] The objectives of the present invention are also achieved by means of a ventilation system for an industrialized KIT, fourth object of the present invention.

[00156] As shown in figure 12, the system comprising at least one centrifugal fan 100, at least one duct with thermal insulation and external protection 110, at least one inflation point 130, where the at least one inflation point 130 is configured to increase the amount of air exchange with the outside concomitantly with a minimum rate of outside air to be supplied.

[00157] The anti-vandalism mechanical ventilation system, as shown in figure 12, was developed to solve one of the major problems of buildings in terms of insalubrity, such as, for example, in penitentiary cells.

[00158] The developed system reduces the amount of humidity inside the cell, produced by people breathing, bathing and perspiration. Thus, the air is blown close to the roof of the KITs, moving it in a desired direction and increasing the amount of air exchange with the outside, bringing fresh and clean air into the room, reducing the accumulation of moisture and decreasing the chances of emergence of mold and fungi, making the environment healthy.

[00159] Preferably, but not limiting, the mechanical ventilation system guarantees the minimum amount of external air per person to be supplied in each environment of 42.5 m3/h; an air renewal rate of each environment to be inflated equal to or greater than 15 renewals per hour; and flow velocity in the room to be inflated between 1.5 and 10 meters per minute.

[00160] Additionally, preferably, but not limiting, equipment with air filtration. The ducts and centrifugal fan are dimensioned to supply the same air flow for each environment to be inflated.

[00161] Furthermore, the inflation points 130 can still be associated with the plurality of openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) of the at least one wall 6 of the industrialized KIT.

[00162] The connection between the ducts and cells is performed with an anti-vandalism device made of stainless steel and cast into the walls during the manufacturing stage.

[00163] The ducts and centrifugal fan are dimensioned to meet the supply of equal air flow for each environment to be inflated. The connection between the ducts and cells is carried out with an anti-vandalism device made of stainless steel and cast into the walls during the manufacturing stage.

[00164] Thus, advantageously, the objects of the present invention provide the integration between architecture, materials and automation systems (CCTV, Sound, Door Automation); anti-vandalism mechanical ventilation systems suitable for bioclimatic regions; drinking chilled water generation systems that allow users access to chilled water inside the KITs; systems to control water consumption using anti-vandalism devices for toilets, showers and faucets, considering that existing commercial solutions do not fit the reality of the current system, among others, in order to guarantee safety, functionality, comfort, economy (construction, operation and maintenance) and the useful life of the building.

[00165] More advantageously, the present invention provides a.) the interests and needs of people / users / customers, b.) economic viability (cost / benefit) in the short and long term and c.) aspects of protection, comfort , security and privacy; integrate technological and sustainability solutions that will be used to generate savings, facilitate and optimize consumption (water and energy), such as the use of solar energy and water reuse, provide adequate ventilation and lighting, provide safe and optimized operation with automation of doors integrated into the CCTV/Sound system and the use of anti-vandalism devices (tap, shower and toilet), as well as simplifying the maintenance of the structure, among others.

[00166] The preferred and alternative constructions revealed in this report and in the drawings should not be considered mandatory or imperative for the realization of the invention, since it comprises multiple possible executions to achieve the proposed technical effect, being limited only by its absolutely essential

Claims (20)

Industrialized KIT for building construction having a plurality of walls (6, 8, 9, 12), a floor (10) and a ceiling (5) characterized by
the plurality of walls (6, 8, 9, 12), the floor (10) and a ceiling (5) are composed of high-performance concrete,
the ceiling (5) is composed of layers comprising a plurality of recesses, insulation, inserts and inclined holes,
at least one wall (6) comprising a plurality of openings;
at least two walls (8, 9) comprising a height difference of 0 to 18%,
at least two walls (6, 12) comprising a slope between 0 to 5% with respect to the ceiling,
the length of the plurality of walls (6, 8, 9, 12) and the area between the floor (10) and the ceiling (5) varying by up to 50%,
wherein the plurality of walls (6, 8, 9, 12), the floor (10) and the ceiling (5) are capable of allowing a cross ventilation system for the KIT. KIT according to claim 1, characterized in that the high performance concrete comprises a compressive strength equal to or greater than 70MPa. KIT according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceiling (5) is composed of one or more of a concrete slab, stainless steel sheet, an insulating layer composed of expanded polystyrene and concrete, a roofing panel in shotcrete with fiber and a structure in shotcrete with fiber. KIT according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of openings comprises one of a window with bars (2.3), circular openings (2.1) or rectangular openings (2.2). KIT according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one wall (12) comprises one or more of a barred door (18), a blanketed door (17) and a drive system (15, 16, 19) for opening/closing doors (17, 18). KIT according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive system (15, 16, 19) for opening/closing doors (17, 18) comprises armored pulleys and a fastening system and door travel rails. KIT according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an automation system and control of the opening/closing of the doors (17, 18) composed of a hydraulic system with electrical activation containing a timer, and an automation panel, containing a programmable logic controller (PLC) and discrete input and output digital cards. KIT according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a hydrosanitary system consisting of a stainless steel toilet spot embedded in a fiber-reinforced concrete structure, a water spot for a washbasin, an attached drain, and an individualized sewage box with a grate/gutter system. overflow or cleaning basket and access cover. Industrialized KIT for multi-storey building construction consisting of a facade having a plurality of walls (6, 9, 10), a floor (8) and a ceiling (13), characterized by
be composed of high-performance concrete,
the plurality of walls (6, 9, 10), a floor (8) and a ceiling (13) comprise the same height,
the KIT comprising a plurality of beams and rods for the interconnection of at least two walls for the superposition of at least two KITs,
wherein they are configured to assume one of a closed configuration, transferring the combined vertical load; a semi-open configuration, creating spaces when placed side by side or overlapping; or a connection configuration between floor and/or ceiling and/or at least one wall, to enclose areas / rooms / environments / spaces, interconnections and complements. KIT according to claim 9, characterized in that the high-performance concrete comprises a compressive strength equal to or greater than 70MPa. KIT according to claim 9, characterized in that the ceiling (13) is composed of one or more of a concrete slab, stainless steel sheet, insulating layer composed of expanded polystyrene and concrete, roofing panel in shotcrete with fiber and structure in shotcrete with fiber. KIT according to claim 9, characterized by closing areas / rooms / environments / spaces, interconnections and complements, comprising panels composed of one of a high performance concrete, a reinforced concrete, a shotcrete. KIT according to claim 12, characterized in that the shotcrete comprises one of a fiber, an OSB, a plaster, a thermal insulation, an acoustic insulation. KIT according to claim 12, characterized in that the panel comprises a thickness of 10mm to 15mm. Industrialized KIT composed of furniture, characterized by
be composed of layers of fiber reinforced concrete, expanded polystyrene and foam concrete comprising,
box (9.3) for bath/washbasin area,
at least one bed (6),
at least one base (7,8) for bed support comprising a ventilation opening,
wherein the bed (6) is arranged on the support base (7,8) in order to allow a cross ventilation system for the KIT. KIT according to claim 15, characterized in that it is configured to allow the variation of the furniture arrangement, being composed of one to eight beds. KIT according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises one or more of a sink with countertop (4, 5), a shower (1) and a toilet (2) made of stainless steel and high-performance concrete. KIT according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises one or more of a shower (1) and a faucet being built into the box (9,3). KIT according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises a buttonhole for controlling the flow, time and volume of water for a predetermined time. VENTILATION SYSTEM, for an industrialized KIT, characterized by comprising
at least one centrifugal fan (100),
at least one duct with thermal insulation and external protection (110),
at least one inflation point (130),
wherein the at least one inflation point (130) is configured to increase the amount of air exchange with the outside concomitantly with a minimum rate of outside air to be inflated.

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