BG67111B1 - Spring energy accumulator for a power commutator of step voltage regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The spring energy accumulator is mounted on a carrier flange (1). It has a left lever (7) and a right lever (9), mounted via bearings on two axes (2, 3), fastened stationary in the carrier flange (1). Between the ends (10, 11) of the two levers (7, 9) are mounted switching springs (12). If necessary, also can be used an additional spring (13), which provides stepping power characteristic. The levers have on their inner side an extended front parts (14, 15), between which there are arranged an upper rolling-contact bearing (16) mounted at the end of the loading lever (18) and a lower rolling-contact bearing (17) mounted on one arm of a change-over lever (19). The other arm has a tonghold (21) that alternately engages the locking pins (22, 23). They are mounted in the lower part of the third axle (4), in the upper part of which also is mounted via bearings the loading lever (18). The three axes are strengthened from above by a triangular splice bar (5). The double-arm lever (19) has a actuating shaft (20) that is coupled to a shaft that set in motion the contact system. The loading of the springs (12) happens by a toothed gear (27) and a rod (26) connected to the loading lever (18).

Description

Field of technology

The spring energy accumulator is used to switch the contact system of a power switch for a step voltage regulator. Step regulators are built into the power transformers and serve to regulate their high voltage under load, ie without interrupting the power supply to consumers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There is a very large variety of spring energy batteries for power switches of step voltage regulators. They are used both in power switches with arc quenching in transformer oil and in those with vacuum arc quenching chambers.

A spring-energy accumulator [1] is known, containing two switching springs operating in tension. One end of these springs is connected to the end of a lever mounted on a sleeve located on the axis of a power switch. The other end is connected by a slider to one end of a switching lever, the other end of which is held in both end positions by a locking mechanism. On an axis at the end of the rotating centrally mounted lever, to which one end of the springs is also attached, there is a tail connected to a loading lever. This lever rotates by a hinged four-link mechanism mounted on the bottom of an oil pan. This is how the springs are stretched.

The disadvantage of this spring energy accumulator is that it takes up a lot of space, as the mechanisms rotate throughout the circle. Another disadvantage is that the loading mechanisms are in an inconvenient place and are difficult to access for monitoring and auditing.

For some power switches with vacuum arc suppression chambers, it is necessary to start the switching with a higher torque for a relatively short interval. This means that the force characteristic of the switching springs must be stepped. In [2] such a spring block applied in [1] is shown. In this construction, inside each of the two springs there is a short spring connected to a rod, which at the beginning of the switching has an idle stroke.

Here the shortcomings of [1] are preserved, and another appears. The space inside the springs is limited, which does not allow to realize greater additional forces.

Another spring energy accumulator [3] is known, which takes up less space because the movement of the springs is linear. It comprises a support body at the ends of which two parallel axes are attached. Two sledges slide on them, between the ends of which are mounted two switching springs, working on pressure. The springs are loaded from a shaft with an eccentric, which contacts the straight boards of the upper sled. The output shaft connected to the contact system of the power switch is coaxially mounted on the charging shaft. The output shaft has an arm with a pin and a roller located in the transverse channel of the lower carriage, through which the hopping is performed. The arm also has two locking teeth, which in the end positions are held in place by a locking mechanism.

The disadvantage of this spring energy accumulator is that the friction between the sleds and the axles is increased due to eccentric charging and release. Dislocation of compressed springs also contributes to increased friction, as they are mounted coaxially around the axes. This is especially unfavorable for power switches operating in a gaseous environment. Another disadvantage is that the connection between the output shaft and the contact system is complicated. Great precision in manufacturing and installation is required.

Therefore, there is another construction of a spring energy accumulator [4], in which the two guide axles and the coaxially mounted compressed springs are located laterally below each other. Charging is also done through an eccentric shaft. The transmission of the movement from the sledge to the output shaft is done through a rack attached to the sledge and a gear wheel. There is also a locking mechanism and release elements associated with the sled.

The disadvantage of this spring energy accumulator is that the construction is complicated, especially the locking mechanism and the associated elements. Another drawback is that the friction is greater since

Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 08.1 / 17.08.2020 the gear load the sledge eccentrically and the springs work under pressure. This is also unfavorable for power switches operating in a gaseous environment.

Another spring energy accumulator [5] is known, in which the loading and discharge load is more favorable. It has a bearing housing to which two parallel bearing axes are mounted. Two mirrored sledges slide on both sides. Two tensile springs mounted coaxially on the axles are attached to the outer ends of the sledges. Between the inner fronts of the sleds there are two rolling bearings located one below the other. One of them is mounted on the end of a charging lever, which is connected to a charging rod and an eccentric located on the support housing. The other rolling bearing is mounted to one arm of a shift lever connected to the drive shaft of the contact system. The other arm is locked in the end positions by a locking mechanism.

The disadvantage of this spring energy accumulator is that it requires high precision in the manufacture and installation of the elements in order to limit the sliding friction, which will nevertheless be high. Another disadvantage is that the rolling bearings are loaded locally during loading and switching, which is not favorable for them.

And in the construction known from [5], a step force characteristic can be achieved. This is done according to [6]. On both sides of the housing, parallel to the axles, are mounted a piston with a spring acting on pressure, which is tensioned towards the end of the charge.

The disadvantage is that despite the benefits of the step force characteristic, the construction is complicated and the friction increases. Another disadvantage is that the additional springs work with a small useless stroke, so their initial force is not used, and it is the largest.

Technical essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a spring energy accumulator for a power switch for a step voltage regulator, which is a simplified construction without sliding pairs of contact elements. The connections between the elements should be only through rolling bearings. The spring blocks should be independent and accessible for installation, allowing to easily replace some springs with others. The charging mechanism should be simple and the rolling roller bearings should not be loaded in one place.

The problem is solved with a spring energy accumulator for a power switch of a step regulator, containing a bearing flange, on which a charging system and a switching system are mounted. The switching system is equipped with switching springs, a locking mechanism in the end positions and means for unlocking in order to start the switching.

According to the invention, three axles are mounted on a circular bearing flange. On the left axle is mounted a hub on the left lever, and on the right axle a hub on the right lever. A charging lever is mounted on the third axle. The two levers have widened front parts, between which are located an upper rolling bearing connected to the end of the charging lever and a lower rolling bearing connected to one end of a two-arm shift lever. The other end of this lever has a tail that is held in both end positions by two locking thumbs. Tension-operated switching springs are mounted between the ends of the two levers. The charging system consists of a gear that performs half a turn of the shift and a rod connected between this gear and the charging lever.

The three axles are mounted in their lower parts to the bearing flange, and in their upper part they are reinforced with a common triangular plate. The locking system consists of a left locking pin and a right locking pin connected by a spring. They are mounted on the lower part of the shaft, to which the loading lever is mounted on top. The drive gear shaft is mounted in a sleeve mounted on the bearing flange. The shaft of the two-arm lever is mounted in the middle of the bearing flange and is coupled to a shaft that drives a contact system. A semi-cardan coupling can be used to assume misalignment. In order to achieve greater force at the beginning of the shift, an additional spring connected between the ends of the two levers can be used. This spring has a piston with an axis, and the piston can idle until it begins to stretch the spring.

An advantage of the spring energy accumulator according to the invention is that it has a very simple construction, convenient for monitoring and control. There are no sliding pairs of elements in it. All joints are hinged on the basis of rolling bearings. Another advantage is that the springs are open and

Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 08.1 / 17.08.2020 are available and can be easily changed depending on the type of power switch they switch. Another advantage is that, if necessary, a stepped force characteristic with an independent spring can be achieved. Another advantage is that the charging system is very simple and reliable.

Explanation of the attached figures

An exemplary embodiment of the spring energy accumulator according to the invention is shown in the attached figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the middle of the spring energy accumulator;

Figure 2 - top view of the spring energy accumulator presented in the middle position in order to better understand the structure;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view above the two-arm shift lever and the locking thumbs;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section perpendicular to that of Figure 1;

Figure 5 - longitudinal section through the bearing of the switching levers and the charging lever;

Figure 6 - section through the switching springs;

Figure 7 - section through the additional spring, providing a step force characteristic with a large initial force;

Examples of the invention

The spring energy accumulator is mounted on a bearing flange 1. Three axles 2, 3 and 4 are attached to it, reinforced on top with a plate 5. A hub 6 on the left lever 7 is mounted on the shaft 2 and a hub 8 on the right lever 9 For easier depiction of the sections and views, the spring energy accumulator is given in the middle, intermediate position.

Switching springs 12 are mounted between the ends 10 and 11 of the two levers 7 and 9. If a greater initial force is required, an additional spring 13 with a special force characteristic is placed. On the inside, the lever 7 has a widened front part 14 and the lever 9 has a widened front part 15. Between these front parts are an upper rolling bearing 16 and a lower rolling bearing 17. The bearing 16 is mounted on the end of a charging lever 18 mounted on the axis 4 (figure 4, figure 5). The bearing 17 is mounted on one arm of a two-arm shift lever 19 with a shaft 20 mounted in the center of the bearing flange 1. The lever 19 has a tail 21 on its other arm, which is alternately locked in both end positions by left locking pin 22 and right locking pin 23. These pins are mounted in the lower part of the shaft 4. A spring 24 is stretched between their outer ends. The unlocking of the tail 21, in order to start the switching, is done by pins 25, attached to the charging lever 18.

The drive lever 18 is driven by a rod 26, which at one end is mounted on the lever 18, and at the other end - on the front of the gear wheel ΊΊ. The shaft 28 of this gear is mounted in a sleeve 29 mounted on the bearing flange 1. The gear ΊΊ is rotated by an outer gear 30, which is shown schematically. It makes one shift turn, and the gear wheel makes half a shift turn.

The support flange 1 is most often mounted on an undisplayed flange on the support head of the oil pan of the step regulator. This is done by bolts passing through holes 31. The shaft 20 is connected to a shaft 32 which actuates a known contact system not shown. Most often, the shaft 32 has an insulating part, because the contact system is at the potential of the star center. It is attached to the flange 1 by insulated rails not shown. The power switch is lifted by hooks 33. In order to compensate for some misalignment, a semi-cardan coupling 34 can be used in the connection between the shaft 20 and the shaft 32.

The switching springs 12 (figure 6) have ends 35 in which there are threaded holes connected by screws 36 with hubs 37. They are connected to the ends 10 and 11 of the levers 7 and 9 by pins 38. Through the screw connections can be adjusted in certain pressure limits of the springs 12. The fixing is done by lock nuts 39.

The additional spring 13 (figure 7) is connected to the end 10 by a tip 40 with a tail 41. The tip 42 on the other side is free. In its opening slides the axis 43, which at one end has a piston 44, and at the other - a tail 45 attached to the nozzle 11. The free travel "x" determines in

Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 08.1 / 17.08.2020 which moment of stretching the additional system will appear.

The operation of the spring energy accumulator is as follows.

In the initial position, the switch lever 19 is rotated approximately 45 ° counterclockwise (Figure 2, Figure 3) and its tail 21 is locked by the right locking pin 23. Both levers 7 and 9 and the charging lever 18 are rotated to the left. wheel ΊΊ is located in the left dead center, and the rod 26 is set in diameter.

When a shift command is given, the gear 30 rotates in an unknown gear shown. It rotates the gear ΊΊ for example clockwise. The rod 26 moves to the right of the charging lever 18 and its bearing 16 acts on the widened front part 15 of the lever 9 and moves it to the right. At the same time, the bearing 17 holds the lever 7 in the initial position and the springs 12 begin to tighten. At a certain angle before the gear wheel дости reaches its right dead center, the corresponding pin 25 of the charging lever 18 releases the right locking pin 23 and the left lever 7, under the influence of the springs 12, rotates to the right and through the bearing 17 acts on the two-arm lever 19 and performs the switching of the contact system. The tail 21 of the switch lever 19 is locked by the left locking pin 22. The spring-energy accumulator is ready for the next switch. It is done in a similar way by turning the gear ΊΊ clockwise or counterclockwise. It rotates from a right dead center 180 ° to a left dead center.

Claims (6)

Patent claims A spring energy accumulator for a power switch of a step voltage regulator, comprising a support flange on which a charging system and a switching system equipped with switching springs, a locking mechanism and unlocking means, characterized in that the support flange ( 1) three axles (2, 3, 4) are mounted, as on the left axis (2) is mounted a hub (6) on the left lever (7), on the right axis (3) is mounted a hub (8) on the right lever 9), a loading lever (18) is mounted on the shaft (4), the two levers (7, 8) have widened front parts (14, 15), between which an upper rolling bearing (16) is located, connected to the end of the loading lever. (18) and a lower rolling bearing (17) connected to one end of a two-arm shift lever (19), the other end of which has a tail (21) held in both end positions by two locking pins (22,23), as between switching springs (12) are mounted on the ends (10, 11) of the two bearings (7, 9) and the charging system consists of a gear wheel (2). 7) and a rod (26) connected to it and the charging lever (18). Spring energy accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that in its upper part the three axes (2, 3, 4) are reinforced with a triangular plate (5). Spring energy accumulator according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the locking system consists of a left locking pin (22) and a right locking pin (23) connected to a spring (24) and mounted in the lower part of the shaft. 4), under the bearing of the charging lever (18), and to unlock at the beginning of the switching, thumbs (25) mounted on the charging lever (18) are used. Spring energy accumulator according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the shaft (28) of the gear (27) is mounted in a sleeve (29) mounted on the support flange (1). Spring energy accumulator according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that it comprises an additional spring (13) connected between the ends (10,11) of the two levers (7,9), this spring having a piston (44) with axis (43). Spring energy accumulator according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the shaft (20) of the two-arm lever (19) is connected to a shaft (32) coupled to a contact system.