RU2675288C1 - Small-sized motor drive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to small-sized motor drives. Drive includes a housing in which a single-throated cylindrical wormgear, connected to the output shaft of the motor with its input shaft, is placed, wheel shaft of the wormgear is an output shaft of the drive, a worm shaft is located parallel to the output shaft of the motor and is connected to it by a double-reduction gear. Output shaft of the drive is connected at one end to the drive element of the disconnector of contact networks, and the other one – to the drive rotation direction switch. Worm shaft and the double-reduction gear are connected by means of an emergency shutdown device, having an external control mechanism, inserted into the assembly drive.EFFECT: operation of a small-sized motor drive is provided both in the normal shutdown mode and in the accelerated mode in case of an emergency.3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices designed to actuate various actuators, whose work is based on movement, and can be used mainly for controlling disconnectors of the contact network of electrified railways.

Known screw gearbox containing a gear sector located in the housing, mounted on the shaft, a double-row rail interacting with the sector, a screw connected movably to the rail by means of a nut, the axis of the screw being aligned with the dividing line of the teeth of the rail. In addition, there is an additional shaft located in the cavity of the first shaft, and a gear sector mounted on this shaft, and the rail is made with straight sections in each row, located so that when one gear sector is out of engagement, the other is engaged (copyright certificate USSR N 1610176, F 16 K 31/50, publication 1990).

These devices have a complex structure, the use of gear racks makes it difficult to care for them, reduces reliability and makes it difficult to use rotary actuators to actuate.

A number of drives are known that use rocker mechanisms for coupling a screw pair and an element directly acting on the actuator, for example, a screw motor drive containing a shaft installed in the housing, acting on one end with actuators and using a rocker mechanism mounted on it that interacts with the screw nut , the screw of which is mounted on the supports in the said housing, one end of the screw is connected to the motor acting on the drive, and the handle p is fixed to the other LfTetanus control (UK patent N 953824, F16K 31/50, Publication 1964).

The configuration of the rocker mechanism in the specified known device causes difficulties in its manufacture and leads to a decrease in the reliability of the device as a whole.

Known drive rotary locking organs of pipe fittings, comprising a housing, an electric motor, a gearbox, a screw pair, a link secured to the drive link of the locking element, the electric motor through the gearbox connected to the pair screw, and the nut provided with a finger placed in the slot of the fork of the backstage (USSR Copyright Certificate N 1583693, F 16 K 31/00, publication 1988).

Known screw motor drive, which contains a housing, a rotation motor connected through a gearbox to a screw of a screw pair, a link, a slider and means for braking the rotation of the screw at the extreme positions of the slider. The housing has two guide grooves. The pins of the slide are made with the possibility of interaction with the grooves of the forks of the wings and the grooves of the body. A cylindrical cavity is made in the slider, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of arrangement of the pins and the axis of the screw. The screw pair nut is made in the form of a cylinder with an axis perpendicular to the axis of its threaded hole. The nut is placed in the cavity of the slider with the possibility of relative rotation and the formation of axial play (Russian patent N 2113646, F16K 31/00, publication 1998).

The design of the wings in the form of a fork can cause it to slide off the slide, which reduces the reliability of the device. Assembly of the drive, replacement of parts and its testing are also difficult.

A known installation for bending reinforcing steel, comprising a bed, a bending disk rotatably mounted on a bed, a disk drive including an electric motor, V-belt transmission, a two-stage gear transmission and a worm gear, characterized in that the AIR 100S4 electric motor is installed 3.0 / 3000, and the worm in the worm gear is single-entry (patent for utility model RU 72425, IPC B21D 7/022, 09/19/2007).

The disadvantage of this installation is the presence of insufficiently rigid V-belt transmission, which makes the drive unreliable in conditions of use for electrified high-voltage networks.

Known double gear drive containing a gear shift mechanism with a double drive for moving or lifting the vessel from the water to an elevated level or down from the storage location to the water. The device includes two gears for rotating a gear in the same housing or in separate adjacent housings, which can be connected to a device for rotating a cable with which at least one cable elevator is fastened. This drive is a direct drive because it does not include belts, chains or pulleys, but uses a direct interaction between two adjacent pairs of gears, each of which reduces the speed of rotation to increase power, torque and provides control over the movement of the lifting cable (patent US 6397691 , MKI B66D 1/14, F16H 37/04, publ. 04.06.2002).

The disadvantage of this drive are large dimensions, since the shafts of the transmission elements are located one after the other in the same direction.

Known screw motor drive designed to actuate the disconnectors of contact networks and comprising a housing, an engine connected to a screw of a screw pair, the nut of which is placed in a slider having pins on opposite sides, some parts of which are located in the guides of the housing, and others in the grooves of the corresponding rocker connected to the drive element. It is equipped with bushings located on the trunnion parts, and the bushes interacting with the wings are made with collars on the side of the slider and their outer diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the bushings interacting with the guides of the housing, and the grooves of the wings are closed (patent RU 2172690, B61L 5/00 F16K 31/50, publication 2001).

The disadvantages of the specified screw motor drive are:

- the movement with two parallel working scenes implies the manufacture of parts very precise with a high frequency class;

- during the back and forth motion of the backstage there are two critical positions (the so-called dead points) at which the angle of inclination to the threaded screw leading into the movement of the backstage screw is small, which leads to the need to increase the torque to start the backward movement of the backstage;

- the movement of the bracket inside the wings, and the threaded nut on the drive screw due to the large contact area also leads to large power losses on the output shaft;

- it is necessary to use a powerful (3.2 kV.) and heavy (20 kg) electric motor;

- large mass of the drive (PDV - 44 kg);

- the need for constructive refinement for different versions of the disconnectors of the contact network of electrified railways.

Known small-sized motor drive designed to actuate contact network disconnectors, comprising a housing, an engine coupled through a mechanical converter to an output drive shaft for connecting a drive element of the contact network disconnector. The engine and the mechanical converter are located in the housing, and the mechanical converter is made in the form of a gear motor connected to the output shaft of the engine by its input shaft, and a communication unit of the output shaft of the gear motor with the output shaft of the drive. The communication node of the output shaft of the gearmotor is made in the form of a rotary lever of the output shaft of the gearmotor connected by a link to the intermediate lever of the output shaft of the drive. The gearmotor is made in the form of a four-stage gearbox with parallel arrangement of gear axles. The housing contains an electronic switch of direction of rotation of the drive, a normally closed safety switch from unauthorized opening of the case and a terminal block for connection to electric drive control circuits (patent RU 2423264, IPC B61L 5 / March 30, 2010).

The disadvantages of this motor drive are:

- insufficient reliability due to the reverse stroke of the traction of the contact network disconnector under load, which is facilitated by the backlash and tolerances of the contacting parts of the coupling unit of the output shaft of the gearmotor in the form of a rotary lever of the output shaft of the gearmotor connected by a link to the intermediate lever of the output drive shaft, as well as a gear motor in the form of a four-stage gearbox, which causes the power drive circuit to break, sparking at the points of contact and voltage ripple in the drive control circuit;

- large mass of the drive (PDM-G (V) Km 757-21 kg);

- large overall dimensions (PDM-G (V) Km 757-276 × 444 × 355 mm);

- the difficulty of setting the electronic switch of direction of rotation of the drive.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a small-sized motor drive containing a housing that contains a gear motor connected to the output shaft of the engine by its input shaft, and the output shaft to the drive element of the contact network disconnector, and a switch of direction of rotation of the drive, the motor the gearbox is made in the form of a worm-cylindrical transmission, the wheel shaft of which is the output shaft of the drive, and the worm shaft is parallel to the output shaft of the engine and is connected with it in two stages th gear, the intermediate gear shaft which is parallel to the shafts of the worm and the motor and is located in the space therebetween. The switch of the direction of rotation of the drive, made in the form of a rotary roller limiter installed with the possibility of interaction with adjustable protrusions on the output shaft of the drive, (patent RU 2551695, IPC B60M 3/04, F16H 1/16, 05.16.2014).

The drive element of the contact network disconnector is made in the form of a drive rotary lever or half-coupling.

As a motor, a three-phase asynchronous electric motor with a capacitor start from a single-phase circuit is used.

The existing drive (PDM-V-G) has the function of regular manual disconnecting of the disconnector, which is carried out with the help of a key, which rotates the worm shaft for 15-20 seconds until the disconnector contact is completely disengaged.

The problem is that in the event of an emergency, when a person is exposed to current, or when an electric arc arises at the disconnector, it is necessary to disconnect the disconnector contact from the mesh as soon as possible. To ensure safety, in the particular case of saving human life, it is necessary to urgently emergency disconnect the disconnector from the network for a time within 3-5 seconds.

The task consists in the need to create a motor drive providing safety in case of emergency with dimensions not exceeding the dimensions of the existing drives of disconnectors of contact networks of electrified railways.

The technical result to which this invention is directed is to enable the small-sized motor drive to operate both in the normal shutdown mode and in the accelerated mode when an emergency occurs.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in a small-sized motor drive containing a housing in which a gear motor in the form of a worm-cylindrical gear, the wheel shaft of which is the drive output shaft, is located parallel to the output shaft, connected to the output shaft of the engine by its input shaft the motor and is connected with it by a two-stage gear transmission, the output shaft of the drive at one end connected to the drive element of the contactor disconnector, and the other to the switch m of the direction of rotation of the drive, the aforementioned connection between the worm shaft and the two-stage gear transmission is carried out by means of an emergency emergency shutdown unit of this transmission having an external control mechanism inserted into the drive.

In addition, the emergency emergency shutdown assembly is made in the form of a worm mounted on the shaft with the possibility of free rotation of a gear located in mesh with said two-stage gear, and pressed by a spring along the axis of the worm to this gear of the coupling coupling engaged with it by means of cams made respectively in the gear wheel and the coupling, the external control mechanism is made in the form of a rotary leash, the axis of rotation of which is withdrawn to the outside of the housing for manual control, one end of this lead is equipped with a fork located in the annular groove of the coupler with the possibility of its movement along the axis of the worm, the other end is provided with recesses for the ball retainer in two positions, and the ball retainer itself is installed in a cracker, fixed in the case.

In addition, the mentioned gear set with the possibility of free rotation is located on a bronze bushing mounted on a press fit on a worm shaft and contacts through a wear plate with a lock ring to prevent movement along the axis of the worm shaft.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a prototype - small-sized motor drive;

in FIG. 2 is a view of the emergency emergency shutdown assembly integrated in the worm shaft;

in FIG. 3 is a view of the cams of the gearing of the gear wheel and the clutch of the emergency emergency shutdown assembly;

in FIG. 4 is a side view of the mounting plate of the housing and directly with the output of the axis of rotation of the external control mechanism of the emergency emergency shutdown assembly;

in FIG. 5 is a side view of an emergency emergency shutdown assembly relative to a worm-gear wheel;

figure 6 - two types of kinematics of the emergency emergency shutdown unit with an external control mechanism;

in FIG. 7 - two types of ball retainer in a crack, respectively, at the positions of switching off and on the worm shaft (clamping plate and screws not shown).

The drive is small-sized, it contains a housing 1, which houses a gear motor 27 in the form of a worm-cylindrical gear, the shaft of the wheel 5 of which is the output shaft 6 of the drive, the shaft of the worm 7 is parallel to the output shaft, connected to the output shaft 2 of the motor 3 with its input shaft 4 2 of the engine and is connected with it by a two-stage gear transmission 8, the output shaft 6 of the drive being connected at one end to the drive element 9 of the contactor disconnector and the other to the switch of rotation direction of the drive (not shown), the aforementioned connection between the shaft of the worm 7 and the two-stage gear transmission 8 is carried out by means of an emergency emergency shutdown of this transmission having an external control mechanism 11 introduced into the drive unit 10. The emergency emergency shutdown unit 10 is made in the form of the said worm 7 mounted on the shaft with the possibility of free rotation of the gear wheel 12, which is meshed with the two-stage gear gear 8, and is pressed by the spring 13 along the axis of the worm 7 to this gear wheel 12 of the coupling coupling 14, being engaged with it by means of cams 15 made respectively in the gear wheel 12 and the coupling 14, the external control mechanism 11 is made in the form of a rotary leash 16, the axis of rotation 17 of which it is brought out of the housing for manual control, one end of this lead 16 is equipped with a fork 18 located in the annular groove of the coupling 14 with the possibility of its movement along the axis of the worm 7, the other end is provided with recesses 19 for the ball retainer 20 in two positions, and ball retainer 20 is installed in the cracker 21, mounted in the housing 1.

The mentioned gear wheel 12 mounted with the possibility of free rotation is located on the bronze bushing 22 fixed by a press fit on the shaft of the worm 7 and contacts through the wear plate 23 with the locking ring 24 to prevent movement along the axis of the shaft of the worm 7.

The device operates as follows.

To actuate the drive, the motor 3 is turned on, which drives a two-stage gear 8 of the motor-reducer 27 with its output shaft, the output shaft of which transfers the increased force directly to the pivot arm 7, which is then converted into translational movement of the disconnector rod with a horizontal output shaft or rotary movement of the disconnector shaft with a vertical output shaft (not shown). In this case, the reverse stroke of the traction of the disconnector of the contact networks is practically eliminated, since the backlash and tolerances of the contacting parts of the output shaft of the gear motor with the traction of the disconnector of the contact networks and in the gear motor itself are minimized. The areas of rubbing surfaces and the contact area of moving parts are also minimized. The rotation of the output shaft of the drive and the rotation of the axes of the worm-cylindrical transmission is carried out in rolling bearings (ball bearings).

In the event of an emergency, a regular manual shutdown acts as follows: a square 28 is milled on the worm shaft 7 to fit the manual control handle. The cover 25 has an opening in the middle to exit from the housing of the landing part of the shaft under the handle. To operate the handle for manual control of the drive, it is necessary to unscrew two special bolts on the housing 1 of the entire product and open the door (not shown), then put the handle on the square protrusion of the axis of the worm shaft 7. Turn the handle counterclockwise (for a drive with a vertical shaft - clockwise arrow) turn on the drive. Turn the knob clockwise (for a drive with a vertical shaft - counterclockwise) to disable the drive. Next, remove the manual control handle from the drive and close the door and tighten the special bolts all the way.

The operation of the emergency emergency shutdown unit of the drive transmission in the event of an emergency is carried out as follows: on the worm shaft 7, the clutch 14 is fitted. When sliding along the key 26, the clutch rests either on the compression spring 13 on one side or with cams engages with a gear wheel 12 on the other side (cams 15 on the clutch and gear wheel 12 see Fig. 3). Thus, the cam clutch 14 serves to turn the worm shaft 7 on and off when driving or during a stop. The movement of the coupling 14 is carried out manually, with the help of a fork 18, attached to a rotary lead 16, having an axis of rotation 17, brought out of the housing 1 of the drive, and the plate of the lead (see Fig. 7) with two grooves 19 and a groove for the ball retainer 20. Cracker the latch 21 has a hole with a spring and a ball for the grooves in the plate of the leash. Two grooves correspond to two positions at the lock - on (when the clutch 14 and the gear 12 are engaged) and off (when the clutch is retracted from the wheel and rests on the spring 13). The compression spring 13 on the shaft helps easier switching from one position (on) to the second (off), which provides quick and safe emergency braking of the drive, and easy start of the drive when the motor 3 is running.

As a result of the application of the above assembly, the drive can be disconnected either manually by rotating the worm shaft 7 (in 15-20 seconds, using the manual control handle) or urgently (in 3-5 seconds, using the rotary lead 16 and the latch 20, which determine the engagement or disengagement of the clutch 14 with the gear wheel 12). Such a constructive implementation creates two types of drive shutdown in the proposed motor drive - standard and emergency.

Thus, a technical result is provided, which is enabling the small-sized motor drive to function both in the normal shutdown mode and in the accelerated mode in the event of an emergency.

Claims (3)

1. Small-sized motor drive, comprising a housing in which a geared motor is attached to the motor output shaft with its input shaft in the form of a worm-cylindrical gear, the wheel shaft of which is the drive output shaft, the worm shaft is parallel to the motor output shaft and is connected with it by a two-stage gear transmission, and the output shaft of the drive with one end connected to the drive element of the contactor disconnector, and the other with a switch of direction of rotation of the drive, characterized in that the connection between the worm shaft and the two-stage gear transmission is carried out by means of an emergency emergency shutdown of this gear, which has an external control mechanism, introduced into the drive unit. 2. The drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency emergency shutdown unit is made in the form of a worm mounted on the shaft with the possibility of free rotation of the gear, which is engaged with the two-stage gear, and pressed by a spring along the axis of the worm to this gear the wheel of the coupler coupled with it by means of cams made respectively in the gear wheel and the coupler, the external control mechanism is made in the form of a rotary leash, axle the overshot of which is pulled out of the housing for manual control, one end of this lead is equipped with a fork located in the annular groove of the coupler with the ability to move it along the axis of the worm, the other end is provided with recesses for the ball lock in two positions, and the ball lock is mounted in a crack fixed in the housing. 3. The drive according to claim 2, characterized in that said gear wheel is mounted with a free press fit on a worm shaft by a bronze bushing and contacts through a wear-resistant washer with a lock ring to prevent movement along the axis of the worm shaft.

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