BG60482B1 - Hinge - Google Patents

Abstract

The hinge refers to hinged fastener devices. She has a hinge mechanism comprising a pair of connecting members (4 and 5) for attachment to the respective hinged elements (2 and 3) and connected to one another by means of levers (6 and 7). Levers (6 and 7) are mutually displaceable in planes parallel to the axes of rotation (8 ', 9 and 8, 9') located on the coupling elements (4 and 5). Levers (6 and 7) have equal length between its axis of rotation (8 ', 9 and 8, 9'). The geometric location of the points, formed by the rotation of the coupling elements (4 and 5) with respect to each other at the intersection of the longitudinal axes (F1F2 and F3F4) of the levers (6 and 7) on a plane parallel to the plane of moving the levers is an elliptical curve.

Description

The invention relates to devices for the hinged joints of suspension elements, and in particular hinges for joining such structural elements as door or window wings, elements of removable partitions and various movable or transformable structures, including for use in the construction, the production of theatrical scenery, the organization of slight re-planning of premises, technical and household products and the like.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A hinge is known, comprising pivotally connected movable and fixed parts. The coupling element is an axially movable rod equipped with a spring pivotally connected to a movable part (USSR copyright certificate No. 462922№). The hinge does not extend beyond the boundaries of the suspension elements, but provides only 90 ° rotation. It is also sophisticated and has limited reliability.

Known articulated couplings for coupling two suspension elements described in the literature - US 2135280, US 2178271, US 2694216. These devices use articulated lever mechanisms to attach the attachment elements of the coupling elements to the suspension, having one axis of symmetry located between the two parts of the mechanism and passing through the central axis of rotation connecting the two levers having additional levers of different length (US 2133528, US 2694216) or additional sliding axes (US 2178271) connecting the levers to the coupling elements. When the suspension elements are rotated at any angle, the levers are poured outside the limits of the suspended elements.

The connecting elements are connected to each other by four levers mounted in motion in the plane of rotation of the connecting elements and connected by five axes of rotation perpendicular to the said plane of rotation. This produces a complex hinge-lever system requiring at least two sizes of connecting levers to be manufactured. The reliability of such a system is low due to the large number of hinges (five axes for connecting the levers with each other and with the connecting elements). In addition, since the levers extend beyond the boundaries of the suspended elements upon their rotation, they are subjected to bending deformations under the force of the elements, which is not desirable, since it requires an increase in the durability of the levers either by increasing the cross-sectional area or by the use of durable materials for workmanship.

A major disadvantage of the described patents is the ability to limit the rotation of the suspension elements in one direction only 180 ° (US 2178271, US 2694216) or 90 ° (US 2135280).

Due to the fact that the levers extend beyond the boundaries of the hinged elements as they rotate, the aesthetic qualities of the hinge deteriorate and its safety is reduced, especially when additional levers are placed in the middle of the hinged elements, for example heavy door wings. In this case, it is possible to injure people from the protruding parts of the levers by inadvertently.

It is an object of the invention to provide a hinge with a hinged mechanism for coupling suspended elements in such a way as to allow one of them to be rotated in either direction or to rotate one of them 180 ° and also to rotate one of the elements with respect to the other 360 ° with a minimum number of hinge structural members and their joints, such that the levers do not extend beyond the boundaries of the hinged elements and allow for the elements to be automatically returned to their original position after the joint is rotated. Suspended elements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem is solved by a hinge for hinged elements, comprising a hinge mechanism, comprising a pair of couplings intended to be fastened to the respective hinged elements and connected to each other by levers arranged to mutually move in planes parallel to the axis of rotation located on the couplings elements. According to the invention, the levers have the same length between their axis of rotation and the geometric location of the points formed by rotating the connecting elements relative to each other when intersecting the longitudinal axis of the levers with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers is an elliptical curve.

With such a hinge construction due to the use of two levers of equal length, it is possible to rotate each coupling element in both directions or to rotate them 180 ° and to rotate one of them to the other 360 ° without pouring the levers beyond the boundaries of the elements. The hinge has only two levers and four rotary axes for connecting them to the coupling elements, all axes being located within the coupling elements. This increases the reliability and durability of the proposed hinge, as there are no bending deformations, improves aesthetic qualities and increases the safety of the hinge.

The points of intersection of the geometric axes of rotation with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers may be located at the vertices of the quadrilateral at the coaxial arrangement of the connecting elements or at the vertices of the quadrilateral at the parallel arrangement of the connecting elements.

It is appropriate that the distance between the points of intersection of the geometric axes of the axis of rotation of the levers with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers be at least equal to the maximum size of the coupling element in the plane passing through the geometrical axes of the axes located therein. axis of rotation. In this way, the free movement of the suspended elements is ensured.

It is appropriate that the facing faces of the coupling elements project convex curvilinear surfaces whose generators are parallel to the geometric axes of the rotation axes.

Such a device minimizes the gap between the suspended elements in the positions when they are in one plane (for example, when the door leaf position is closed).

Preferably, the section of the convex curvilinear surfaces with the plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers is a semi-ellipse representing the geometric location of the points formed at the intersection of said longitudinal axes of the levers with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers.

Such devices ensure virtually no gap between the suspended elements in each position due to the virtually perfect geometric crawl of the connected surfaces of the connected elements.

According to the invention, in the device, each coupling element has two grooves to accommodate the levers, each of which has oppositely directed support surfaces, and a pair arranged to move push rods (inserted into springs), the free ends of which interact with the support lever surfaces.

The hinge is provided with a forced automatic return of one or both of its connecting elements to the starting position, and also provides a certain force that keeps the suspended elements in the closed position. This significantly increases its performance and extends its scope.

Preferably, the bars have flanges and the connecting elements have stops, and springs are provided between the element stops and the rod flanges.

Preferably, each coupling element has a mechanism for holding the push rods away from displacement. This ensures the selective locking of the suspension elements against arbitrary rotation and adjusts the effort required to rotate them.

Preferably, the pusher rods are provided with pushers pivotally secured at their free ends to interact with the support surfaces of the levers.

Such a device increases reliability and simplifies the design and assembly of the proposed hinge.

Description of the attached figures

The invention is explained in more detail by a detailed description of the various variants of its implementation with the attached figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a general view of a hinge according to the invention (front view);

Figure 2 is a sectional view P-P of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a sectional view of Ill-Ill of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a section IV-IV of Figure 1;

FIG. 5 - also shown in FIG. 1 with the positions of one of the hinged elements connected to the hinge according to the invention, "closed", "open" in one direction 180 °, "open in the other direction 180 °";

6 is a schematic illustration of the geometrical construction of the points of intersection of the longitudinal axes of the levers with the mutual rotation of the suspended elements connected to the hinge according to the invention, seen from above;

7 to 12 show schematically different positions of the hinge pivot axes;

Figure 13 is a schematic representation of the hinge viewed from above in the embodiment when the front surfaces of its connecting elements are parts of elliptical surfaces;

Figure 14 is a schematic representation of a hinge viewed from above in the embodiment when the front surfaces of the connecting elements have concave portions;

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the hinge, viewed from the front with a partial cut, with a mechanism for self-retracting the suspended elements to their original position;

16 is a sectional view of XVI-XVI (left part of the drawing) and an arrow view A (right part of the drawing) of FIG. 15;

Figure 17 is a sectional view of XVII-XVII of Figure 15; Figure 18 is a section view XVI1I-XVII1 of Figure 15;

Fig. 19 is a section XIX-XIX of Fig. 15;

20 is a front view of the hinge according to the invention, showing the open positions of its connecting members II and P-2;

21 is a top view of the hinge according to the invention, with intermediate phases of rotation of its connecting members from position 11-1 to position 11-2 "open in the other direction" shown;

22 is a diagram of the displacement of a spring-loaded hinge rod, viewed from above, depending on the displacement of the hinge connecting element;

Figure 23 is a schematic view of a front view of the hinged construction of the invention, in partial section, with a mechanism for self-retracting the suspended elements;

24 is an arrow view of FIG. 23; Figure 25 is a section view XXV-XXV of Figure 24; Figure 26 is a sectional view of XXVI-XXVI of Figure 24; Figure 27 is a sectional view of XXV1I-XXVII of Figure 24; Figure 28 is a sectional view of XXVIII-XXVIII of Figure 24; Figure 29 is a section of XXIX-XXIX of Figure 24;

30 shows another embodiment of a hinge according to the invention, viewed from the front, with a partial section, with a mechanism for independently returning the suspended elements to their original position;

31 is a sectional view of XXXI-XXX1 in FIG. Figure 32 is a cross-section of XXXX-XXXX in Figure 30; Figure 33 is a sectional view of XXXXX-XXXXX in Fig. 30; Figure 34 is a sectional view of XXXIV-XXXIV in Fig. 30; 35 is a sectional view of section XXXV-XXXV of FIG. 30;

36 is a sectional view of XXXVI-XXXVI of FIG. EXAMPLES The proposed hinge 1 (FIG. 1), intended primarily for coupling the suspended elements 2 and 3, is a pair of coupling elements 4,5 intended for connecting respectively to the suspended elements 2 and 3 in order to rotate them relative to one another in a plane of rotation perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of FIG. For this purpose, the hinge has a pair of levers 6,7 (Figs. 1-5) positioned with the possibility of mutual displacement in planes parallel to the axis of rotation 8,9 'and 8', 9, attached respectively to the connecting elements 4 and 5 The planes in which the levers 6 and 7 lie are parallel to the planes of rotation of the suspended elements 2 and 3.

The lengths of the levers 6 and 7 between their axis of rotation, i. the distances between the geometric centers of the axes of rotation 8,9 'and 8'9 in the projection in the plane of rotation (plane of the drawing) are equal. Figure 5 shows two positions of the suspended element 3: 3 'and 3.

The longitudinal axes F1.F2 and F3, F4 of the levers 6 and 7 (Fig. 6) when moving the suspended elements 2 and 3 relative to each other, for example from the position shown in Fig. 6 with continuous lines, in the position indicated by the dotted lines intersecting in the projection on the plane of rotation (the plane of the drawing) they form a geometric location of points representing an elliptic curve. Figure 6 shows a geometric construction, where the successive positions for the suspension element 3 are indicated by the positions 3-3 '. This feature of the proposed hinge ensures that the suspended elements are rotated at an angle of 180 ° without leaving levers 6 and 7 beyond the boundaries of the elements. Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the hinge without the coupling elements and viewed from the longitudinal axes F1.F2, F3, F4 of the levers connecting the suspended elements 2 and 3 by means of the rotation axes 8,8 'and 9,9', the geometric axes of which are indicated by the points Fl, F2 and F3.F4.

As shown in Fig. 7 with thin lines, the points F1, F2 and F3.F4 of intersection of the geometric axes of rotation 8,9 'and 8'9 of the levers 6 and 7 with the plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers, are located at the vertices of a quadrangle, with the longitudinal axes F1, F4 and F2.F3 of the levers passing through the points F1.F2 and F3.F4 at the intersection of the geometric axes of the rotation axes 8,9 'and 8', 9. levers 6 and 7 with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers are arranged diagonally ia this quadrilateral. Although in Fig. 3 it is shown that the points F1.F2 and F3.F4 of intersection of the geometric axes of the rotation axes 8,9 'and 8', 9 of the levers 6 and 7 with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers, which are arranged on the diagonals of the square with the axial arrangement of the connecting elements, it is seen that different mutual positions of the rotation axes are possible in the axial and parallel position of the suspended elements, as shown schematically in Figs. 7-12, in which only the longitudinal axes F1, F4 and F2, F3 of the levers 6 and 7 are shown and no joints are shown of the elements 4.5.

As shown in FIGS. 1-5, the levers 6 and 7 are arranged on different sides with respect to the planes of the connecting elements 4,5, which is most appropriate in terms of load distribution. However, this is not necessary and the levers can be positioned on one side of said planes if necessary. Various technical methods are thus possible to ensure that the levers are moved in parallel planes that are well known to those skilled in the art and are not relevant to the present invention.

The distance F1-F4 or F2-F3 between the points Fl, F2 and F3.F4 of intersection of the geometric axes of the rotation axes 8,9 'and 8', 9 of the levers 6,7 with a plane parallel to the 5 planes of displacement of levers at least equal to the maximum dimension "B" of the coupling element 4 or 5 in the plane passing through the geometric axes of the axes therein, rotating respectively 8,9 '10 and 8', 9 (Fig. 6). In this case, it is shown in FIG. 6 that if the size of the coupling element B ₍ > B, the coupling element 4 (not shown in FIG. 6), and with it the suspension element 2, cannot occupy the position 3 shown with the 15 dashed at the top of Fig. 6. The opposite position is perfectly acceptable, where the distance F1-F4 or F2-F3 between the points F1, F2 and F3, F4 of the intersection of the geometric axes of the axis of rotation of the levers 6,7 having a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers, be greater than the maximum size B of the connecting element 4 or 5 in the plane passing through the geometrical axes of the rotation axes 8,9 'and 8', 9 respectively. Such variant can be used if necessary to form a gap between the suspended elements after rotating them in a parallel position. parts of the levers 6 and 7 will extend slightly beyond the boundaries of the coupling elements 4,5 or of the suspended elements 2,3, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 6 when the suspension element is positioned.

The connecting elements 4,5 are attached to the suspended elements 2,3, which they connect using various known means, for example wood screws, adhesives, welds, etc., preferably in combination with slots to obtain the best decorative effect. . As shown in FIG. 1-4, there are openings 10 for carpentry screws in the connecting elements 4,5.

Using the proposed hinge, the connecting members 4 and 5, connected to each other by levers 6 and 7, are attached as indicated above to the hanging elements 2 and 3 respectively. The connecting elements 4 and 5 may not be connected to each other by levers 6 and 7 prior to attachment to the suspended elements 2 and 3. The levers may be attached after the attachment of the connecting elements 4 and 5 to the suspended elements 2 and 3 respectively.

If necessary, one of the suspension elements 2 (for example, the door leaf) is rotated from position 2 to position 2 ', as shown in Fig. 6, to fully open 180 °. In this case, the levers 6 and 7 are reciprocally moved, as shown by the change in the relative position of their longitudinal axes F1.F4 and F2, F3 from F1.F4 and F2.F3 to Fr, F4 ', F2', F3 '( 6).

As shown in FIGS. 7-12, the facing faces of the coupling members (not indicated) represent convex curvilinear surfaces

11-13, the generators of which are parallel to the geometric axes of the axis of rotation 8,9 'and 8', 9 of the levers 6,7. In this case, it is advisable for the section of the convex curved surfaces 11-13 with the plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers 6,7 to represent a hemisphere, which is the geometric location of the points formed by the rotation of the connecting elements relative to each other by the intersection of the longitudinal axes F1.F4 and F2, F3 of the levers 6.7 on a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers, as shown in Fig.6. In this figure, the hemisphere with focuses F1 and F2, formed as indicated above, is a cross-section of the convex curved front surface of the coupling element 4 (not marked) and the front surface of the suspended member 2. The gap between the front surfaces of the suspended surfaces elements 2.3 are minimized and ideally equal to zero.

It is apparent that various modifications are possible in the embodiment of said front faces of the coupling elements (suspended elements), which may be parts of elliptical surfaces (Fig. 13) or may have concave portions (Fig. 14). Such surfaces may be used to obtain a more reliable seal or for other purposes, depending on the purpose of the hinge. The use of these variants is illustrated in FIG. 13.14.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1521, on which the described elements are denoted by the same designations, each connecting element 4,5 has two grooves 14,15 and 14 ', 15' (Fig. 15) in them for positioning levers 6,7, each of which has opposite directed support surfaces 16, 16 and 16 ', 17', and a pair of movable push rods 18, the free ends of which are intended to interact with the support surfaces

16.17 and 16 ', 17'on levers 6.7. The rods 18 have axial displacement and flanges 19, and the connecting elements 4,5 have supports 20,20 '. Between the supports 20 and 20 'of the coupling elements 4,5 and the flanges 19 of the rods 18 are fitted springs 21,2G, in which there are additional springs 22,22' (optional). In such a construction, the rods 18 are normally pressed against the support surfaces 16,17 and 16 ', 17' of the levers 6,7 through the springs 21,21 'and the additional springs 22,22' to hold the suspended elements 2 and 3 in a coaxial (closed ) position and to automatically return to this position after rotating them in a parallel position (Fig. 21).

The connecting element 4,5 has an additional barrier 23,23 'located between the grooves 14,15 and 14', 15 'for positioning the levers 6 and 7 and having an opening 24,24' (Fig. 20), the axis 00 'of which is located in the symmetry plane of the chutes 14,15 and 14 ', 15'.

Additional openings 25,26 and 25 ', 26' (Figs. 18-20) are made in the body of the connecting element 4,5, intersecting the openings 24,24 'in the separation bar 23,23' of the connecting element 4,5. and arranged in the direction of displacement of the push rods 18. The ends of the bars 18 having the saw surfaces (planes) T1 (Fig. 1820) are located in the guide holes 25, 26 and 25 ', 26'.

The hinge has a mechanism for locking the push rods 18 from displacement, made in the form of the locking element 28,28 'in the separation barrier 23,23' of the connecting element 4,5. The locking element 28,28 'is made in the form of a cylindrical rod and has in its surface a length 29,29' diametrically opposed grooves (Fig. 19). The rods 18 (FIGS. 18-20) enter the grooves 29,29 'of the locking element 28,28', with the width of the slots 27 being smaller than the width of the grooves 29,29 ',

The embodiment shown in FIG. 23-29, to which the elements described earlier have the same designations, are substantially analogous to those described except that the push rods 18 provided with pushers 18a are pivotally secured by means of pins 30 at their free ends of engagement with lever support surfaces 16.17 and 16'17 '6.7. The pushers 18a are thus made in the form of plates and the bars have a cylindrical section. The rods 18 have nozzles 18b of reduced diameter, forming support surfaces. The nozzles 18b enter the blind holes 31 of the flange 32 of the movable support 33 mounted on the guide element 34, fixedly connected to the connecting element 4 and having a fixed support 35. The locking element 28 is made in the form of a cylindrical stem and has a lateral surface applied along its length and diametrically opposed grooves 29 with a semicircular cross section into which rods 18. The width of the pusher plate is less than the width of the grooves 29 of the retaining member 28. The retaining member 28 has a groove 36 for rotation no.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 30-36, in which the previously described elements are designated by the same indications, each connecting element 4,5 is made with guide grooves 37, 3T in the plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers 6 and 7, and the grooves 14,15 and 14 ', 15' for positioning the levers are formed by the dividing bar 38,38 ', located parallel to the levers 6 and 7 and located in the part of the guide groove 37,37' on the side of the front surface 39.39 '(Fig. 32) of the coupling element 4.5, and the connecting groove 37.37' through passage ca. 40,40 '(Fig. 36), parallel to the plane of the dividing bar 38,38'. The levers 6,7 are located in the guide channel 37,37 on either side of the separation barrier 38,38 '(Figs. 30-33). The guide channel 37,37 'at the intersection with a plane perpendicular to the plane of displacement of the levers 6,7 has two obliquely symmetrical recesses 41,42 and 4D. In this embodiment, the pushers are made in the form of a pair of pivotally secured on each coupling element 4,5 double levers 43,44 and 43 ', 44', one arm 45,46,45 ', 46' of which are pivotally connected with the pushers rods 18 inserted into the guide holes (not marked) of the coupling element perpendicular to the separation bar 38,38 'and the other 47,48,47'48' stop at the head of the pressure element 37,37 'located in the guide groove 49.49 ', which has a corresponding cross-section of 37.37' cross-section from the opposite and that brow end of the pressure element 49.49 '.

The mechanism for locking the push rods 18 against the displacement of the shape of the locking eccentric 51,5G, mounted on the axis of rotation in the passage 40,40 ', and including an outwardly projecting protrusion 53,53' (Figs. 31-33 and 36) . The end of the pressure member 49,49 ', opposite to said forehead, has a recess 50,50' forming a support threshold in the cross section with the plane parallel to the plane of the dividing bar 38,38 '(Figs. 31-33 and 35).

The action of one embodiment of the hinge according to FIG. 15-21 is the following.

In the starting position, the suspended elements 2,3 (Fig. 15,16) are arranged in such a way that their front surfaces are closed to each other. This position corresponds, for example, to the closed position of the door. In this position, the bars 18 (Fig. 18,19) enter the grooves 29,29 'of the locking elements 28,28' and since the width of the plate 27 is smaller than the width of the grooves 29,29 ', the bars 18 can freely to move. When rotating one of the elements 3 relative to the other element 2 (Fig. 21), the springs

21,22 and 22 ', 22' contract as a result of the pressure from the flanges 19 of the bars 18, which are displaced under the pressure of the supporting surfaces 16,17 and 16 ', 17' of the rotating levers 6,7 (Fig. 175 -17 and 21). As a result, the suspended elements 2,3 occupy a parallel position with respect to each other. If in this position the suspended suspension element is released, for example suspension element 3, the springs 21,22 and 2D, 22 'are stretched and the rods 18 are pressed through the flanges 19. The ends of the rods 18 act on the supporting surfaces 16,17 and 16', 17 'on the levers 6,7 (Figs. 15-17 and 21). As a result, the levers 6,7 turn in the opposite direction, which rotates relative to each other the suspended elements 2 and 3, which return to the starting position (Figs 15-17). This hinge action can be used, for example, for self-closing doors or wings of various mechanisms.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the displacement of the pusher rod 18 depending on the displacement of the suspension element, where the corresponding single displacements of the rod 18, denoted by the letter H of H1, are placed on the equal single displacements of the 5 suspension element indicated by the letter L; to H8. This diagram shows that the displacement of the push rod reduces the degree of rotation of the suspension element in the opening direction. As a result, the force applied to the suspension element upon opening it decreases faster than the resistance of the springs to their contraction increases. Due to the fact that the force in the mechanism for self-retraction of the suspended elements in the starting position instantly equals zero when the rods 18 in the connecting elements 4,5 in the closed (coaxial) position of the suspended 20 elements are closed, no oscillation of the suspended elements is obtained. closed elements.

If the self-retraction of the suspended elements 2 and 3 is to be started, the locking elements 25 are rotated by means of grooves 36 by a quarter turn to a position when the elements 2 and 3 are parallel to each other (eg in the open position door), wherein the springs 21,22 and 2D, 22 'are bent (Fig. 21). As a result, the parts of the bars 18 located behind the flaps 27 rest against the lateral surfaces of the retaining members 28,28 'and do not exert pressure on the levers 6,7. When the suspension elements 2 35 and 3 are rotated, which becomes compulsory, the bars 18 remain stationary and do not affect the operation of the hinge. In this case, the work of the hinge is completely analogous to the operation of the above options. 40

In the case of reduced effort to open the suspension elements 2 and 3, the locking element 28 can only be rotated in one of the suspended elements, which excludes the pair of push rods 18. 45 The other pair of rods continues to affect the two levers 6,7 . In case of failure of a part of the springs, the hinge will work again in the reduced effort mode for opening and self-retracting of the suspended elements 2 and 3. In 50 cases of failure of all springs, the hinge will continue to operate, but without self-reverting of the suspended elements in the output position.

When the rods 18 rest freely in the supporting surfaces of the levers 6 and 7, the moment of gravity is fully absorbed by the levers 6 and 7 and does not affect the springs. This increases the reliability of the hinge.

The embodiment shown in Figs. 23-29 works in a similar way, and the only difference is that the bars 18 interact with the support surfaces 16,17 and 16 ', 17' of the levers 6,7 by means of pushers 18a, pivotally mounted with the help of pins 30 for the free ends of the rods 18. Such construction increases reliability and simplifies assembly of the hinge.

Description of the operation of a hinge variant according to Figs. 30-36.

In the starting position, the suspended elements 2,3 (FIGS. 30-34) are arranged in such a way that the faces facing each other are closed. This position corresponds, for example, to the closed position of the door, and then the double levers 43,44,43 ', 44' exert pressure on the pressure member 49,49 'under the action of the force of the springs. The eccentric 51,51 'does not prevent the displacement of the pressure member 49,49' (Figs. 31,32 and 36). In this position, the two-arm levers 43,44, 43 ', 44' and the rods 18 can be moved when the pressure element 49,49' is moved. By rotating one of the suspension elements 3 relative to the other suspension element 2 (not shown), the springs 21 shrink as a result of the displacement of the clamping element 49,49 'in the groove 37,37' by rotation of the double levers 43,44 under the influence of the supporting surfaces 16,17 and 16 ', 17' of the rotating levers 6,7 and the displacement of the rods 18, the flanges of which affect the springs 21. If in this position, hold The suspension element 21, for example, the suspension element 3, is opened by the springs 21 and pressed on the rods 18 through the flanges 19. The rods 18 act on the head of the pressure element 49,49 'through the double levers 43,44, 43', 44 '. As a result, the opposite end of the clamping element 49,49 'acts on the supporting surfaces 16,17 and 16', 17 'of the levers 6,7 (Figs. 30-33), which rotate in reverse on the juice, which rotates the suspended ones. elements 2 and 3 return to the starting position relative to each other.

If the self-retraction of the suspension elements 2 and 3 is to be canceled, the locking eccentric 51.51 'is rotated a quarter turn to a position where the suspended elements 2 and 3 are parallel to each other (for example, when the door is open ), where the springs 21 are bent. As a result, the supporting thresholds formed by the recesses 50.50 'of the clamping members 49.49' are supported in the locking eccentrics 51.51 'and do not exert pressure on the levers 6.7. The rotation of the suspension elements 2 and 3, which becomes compulsory, does not follow the displacement of the pressure elements 49,49 'and of the double levers 43,43 and 43', 44 ', while the bars 18 remain stationary and do not affect the operation on the hinge. In this case, the suspension element does not automatically return to its initial position and the hinge operation is completely analogous to the operation of the variants described above with reference to FIG. 1-12.

Referring to the above with reference to FIG. 15-21 with respect to the change in the force of the springs and the displacement of the rods when opening and closing the suspended elements is also valid for the given variant construction. The difference is that the use of the two-arm levers 43,44, 43 ', 44' allows both the reduction of the required spring hardness and the increased effort to open the suspended members. In addition, this variant of construction provides in a simple and reliable way for fixing the hinge to the suspended elements and the possibility of access to the mechanism for returning the suspended elements to their original position in need of repair or servicing.

As shown in FIG. 35, the hinge has a cap 54 to prevent the mechanism from dust and foreign objects. This flap can be used with all hinges with a return mechanism.

The hinge according to the invention can be successfully used to join door wings when fully rotated on both sides 180 ° or 360 ° with respect to one another when opened, for example at places with large flow of people or animals through the openings of the door. the door.

Claims (13)

1. Suspension hinge (2,3) having an articulating mechanism comprising a pair of coupling elements (4,5) for attachment to the respective coupling elements (2,3) and connected to each other by levers (6,7) positioned with the possibility of displacement in planes parallel to the axis of rotation (8,9 'and 8', 9), located on the connecting elements (4,5), characterized in that the levers (6,7) have of equal length between their rotation axes (8,9 'and 8', 9) and such that the geometric location of the points formed by the rotation of the coupling elements nt (4,5) with respect to each other, at the intersection of the longitudinal axes (F1, F2 and F3, F4) of the levers (6,7) with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers, a semi-elliptic curve appears. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the points (F1, F2 and F3, F4) of intersection of the geometric axes of rotation (8,9 'and 8', 9) of the levers (6 and 7) with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers (6 and 7) are arranged at the vertices of a quadrilateral with the coaxial arrangement of the connecting elements (4,5). Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the points (F1.F2 and F3, F4) of intersection of the geometric axes of rotation (8,9 'and 8', 9) of levers (6 and 7) with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers (6 and 7) are arranged at the vertices of a quadrilateral with the parallel arrangement of the connecting elements (4,5). Hinge according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the distance (F1F4.F2-F3) between the points (F1.F2 and F3.F4) of intersection of the geometric axes of rotation (8,9 'and 8', 9) on levers (6,7) with a plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers (6,7), at worst equal to the maximum size (B) of the connecting element in a plane passing through the geometric axes of the disposed therein rotation axes (8.9 'and 8', 9). Hinge according to claim 4, characterized in that the facing faces of the coupling elements (4,5) are convex curvilinear surfaces (11, 13), the generators of which are parallel to the geometric axes of the rotation axes (5). 8.9 'and 8', 9). Hinge according to claim 5, characterized in that the section of the convex curvilinear surfaces (11,13) with the plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers (6 and 7) is a hemisphere, being the geometric location of the points formed at the intersection of said longitudinal axes (F1, F2 and F3, F4) of the levers (6,7) with the plane parallel to the displacement of the levers (6,7). Hinge according to Claims 1-6, characterized in that each connecting element (4,5) has two grooves (14,15 and 14'15 ') for placing them in the levers (6,7), each of having oppositely directed support surfaces (16,17 and 16 ', 17') and a pair of push rods (18) (movable springs) movable, the free edges of which are intended to interact with the support surfaces (16,17) and 16'17 ') on the levers (6,7). Hinge according to claim 7, characterized in that the rods (18) have flanges (19) and the connecting elements (4,5) are supported (20,20 '), between the supports (20,20') springs (21,2G) are fitted to the connecting elements (4,5) and the flanges (19) of the rods (18). Hinge according to Claim 8, characterized in that each connecting element (4,5) has a mechanism for locking the push rods (18) against displacement. Hinge according to claim 9, characterized in that each connecting element (4,5) has a separation bar (23) located between the grooves (14,15 and 14 ', 15') for positioning the levers (6 and 7) ) and having an opening (24,24 '), the axis (0-0') of which is located in the plane of symmetry of the chutes (14,15 and 14 ', 15') and in the bodies of the connecting elements (4,5 ) guide holes (25,26 and 25'26 ') intersecting the opening (24,24') in the separation bar (23) of the coupling element (4,5) are used to guide the displacement of the push rods (18 ), and the mechanism for stopping the displacement of the push rods against displacement is made in the form of a locking element (28,28 '), mounted with the possibility of rotation in the opening (24,24') of the separation bar (23) of the connecting element (4,5) and having along the diametrically opposed grooves (29,29 ') into which the rods (18) enter, and the planes (27) at the ends of the rods (18) located in the guide holes (25,26 and 25', 26 '), such as moreover, the width of the plates (27) is greater than the width of the grooves (29,29 ') of the locking elements (28,28'). Hinge according to claim 10, characterized in that the pusher rods (18) are provided with pushers (18a) pivotally mounted at their free ends to interact with the support surfaces (16,17 and 16 ', 17') of the levers (6,7). Hinge according to claim 11, characterized in that the pushers (18a) are made in the form of plates and the bars (18) have a cylindrical cross section, the locking element (28,28 ') being made in the form of a cylindrical a stem, and there are diametrically opposed grooves (29,29 ') with semicircular cross sections on its lateral surface, which include the bars (18) and the width of the pusher plates (18a) is less than the width of the grooves (29.29 ') of locking elements (28.28'). Hinge according to claim 9, characterized in that each connecting element (4,5) is provided with guide grooves (37,37 ') in the plane parallel to the plane of displacement of the levers (6,7) and the grooves ( 14,15 and 14 ', 15') for positioning the levers (6,7) are formed by the separation barrier (38,38 ¹ ), located parallel to the levers (6,7) on the side of the front surface (39,39 '). ) of the coupling element (4,5) and in such a way that each coupling element (4,5) is made with a connecting passage (40,30 ') connected to the guide groove (40,40') parallel to the plane the dividing barrier (38,38), the levers (6,7) being located in the guide groove (37,37 ') on either side of said dividing barrier (38,38') and the guide groove (37, 37 ') in section with a plane perpendicular to the plane of displacement of the levers (6,7), there are two obliquely symmetrical recesses (41,42, 4D, 42'), whereby the pushers are made in the form of a pair of hinges fixed to each two-lever coupling element (43,44, 43 ^ 44), one arm (45,46,45 ', 46') to which the pivot rods (18) are mounted in the guide openings 5 of the connecting member (4,5) perpendicular to the partition (38.38 ') and the other arms (47,48,47 ^ 48 ¹⁾ are mounted in front of the placements in the guide chute (37.37' ) a clamping member (49,49 ') having a cross-section and a recess (50,50% forming a support recess at the cross section with a plane parallel to the plane of the dividing point (38,38') corresponding to the guiding groove (37,37 ') from the end opposite to the forehead, and the mechanism for locking the push rods (1 8) against displacement is in the form locking eccentric (51.5G) of the intended contact with said support threshold formed by the recess (50.50 ') at the end of the clamping element (49.49') and of the pivot axis (52.52 '). in the connecting groove (40.40 ') and having an outwardly projecting projection (53.53').