BG3995U1 - Liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model represents a liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants, including macro-, secondary and microelements in proportions that do not allow their recrystallization and sedimentation. The liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants is developed in two embodiments depending on the phase of growth and development of the plants: a) Intended for use in the growth and development phase until the beginning of flowering and fruiting in all plant species; and b) Intended for use in the flowering and fruiting phase in all plant species. Each of these two embodiments of liquid fertilizer, according to the utility model, is two-component - component A, including macro-, secondary and microelements and component B, including only macro- and secondary elements.

Description

The utility model refers to liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants, in particular for hydroponically grown vegetable, flower and medicinal crops in open and closed hydroponic systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hydroponics is the science of growing plants on substrates without soil or soil mixtures. For their growth, a nutrient solution is used, containing the natural elements necessary for the growth of plants in the soil. The main advantage of this technology is that the plants are not limited by weeds, pests, soil or diseases, and in addition they do not need a large amount of substrate for the development of the root system to obtain the necessary minerals and moisture to support active growth. and development of the aboveground part. Another advantage of this method of growing plants is that the process can be fully controlled at any stage of their development and allows predictability of results.

Recommended for plant nutrition by fertigation, foliar fertilization or hydroponic cultivation are liquid or water-soluble fertilizers, called NPK fertilizers. These are fertilizers containing the elements N, P and K together with chemically integrated macro and secondary nutrients in granular form [1]. However, each of these fertilizers is intended for leaf drip fertilization, as well as for different types of plants, for example for those that are sensitive to chlorine and soil salinity, for potassium-loving crops that are not sensitive to chlorine and others.

Patent application CN 107162731 describes a nutrient solution for hydroponically grown plants, comprising potassium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium nitrate, polyglutamic acid and a bactericide. It is claimed that the addition of a bactericide to the nutrient solution, hereinafter referred to as a fertilizer, allows the inhibition of the reproduction of pathogenic microflora, which prevents the rot of plant roots. In addition, this document does not show universality and effectiveness for different types of hydroponically grown crops, as well as suitability for different phases of their development.

The objective of this utility model is to offer a liquid fertilizer for hydroponic plant cultivation, in particular for the cultivation of vegetable, flower and medicinal crops in open and closed hydroponic systems, containing all the nutrients necessary for the overall development of plants as such. necessary in the phase of growth and development, as well as those necessary for the phase of flowering and fruiting.

The essence of the utility model

In essence, the utility model is a liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants, including macro-secondary and microelements in proportions that do not allow their recrystallization and precipitation. The liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants is developed in two variants depending on the phase of growth and development of the plants: a) Intended for use in the phase of growth and development until the beginning of flowering and fruiting in all types of plants and b) Intended for use in flowering and fruiting phase in all plant species.

BG 3995 UI

Each of these two variants of liquid fertilizer, according to the utility model, is a two-component component A comprising macro-, secondary and microelements and a component B comprising only macro- and secondary elements.

According to a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the liquid fertilizer is intended for feeding hydroponically grown plants in the growth and development phase until the beginning of flowering and fruiting and includes components A and B containing the following elements in the respective qualitative and quantitative ratios, and namely (in wt.%):

Component A:

- N - from 10.0 to 12.0;

- CaO - from 2.0 to 3.0;

- MgO - from 2.0 to 3.0;

- Fe - from 0.05 to 0.2;

- MP - from 0.02 to 0.07;

- Cu - from 0.005 to 0.015;

- Zn - from 0.005 to 0.02;

- Mo - from 0.001 to 0.005;

- Co - from 0.0005 to 0.001;

- B - from 0.01 to 0.05;

- 10% lignosulfonate solution - from 0.01 to 0.3;

- Water - up to 100.

Component B:

- N - from 3.0 to 4.0;

- P2O5- from 5.0 to 6.0;

- K ₂ 0 - from 14.0 to 15.0;

- 10% lignosulfonate solution - from 0.01 to 0.3;

- Water - up to 100.

As a source of CaO are used nitrate compounds, as well as chelates of EDTA and DTPA, as a source of MgO are used both nitrate and sulfate compounds, as well as chelates of EDTA and DTPA, as a complexing agent is used lignosulfonate selected from the group consisting of sodium, calcium or magnesium lignosulfonate.

According to a second preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the liquid fertilizer is intended for feeding hydroponically grown vegetable, flower and medicinal plants in the flowering and fruiting phase, as well as for plants with special requirements for mineral nutrition with phosphorus and potassium and includes components A and B, containing the following elements in the respective qualitative and quantitative ratios, namely (in% by weight):

Component A:

- N - from 7.0 to 12.0;

- CaO - from 2.0 to 4.0;

- KgO - from 2.0 to 11.0;

- Fe - from 0.05 to 0.085;

BG 3995 UI

- Μη - from 0.02 to 0.04;

- Cu - from 0.005 to 0.01;

- Zn - from 0.005 to 0.02;

- Mo - from 0.001 to 0.04;

- Co - from 0.0005 to 0.009;

- B - from 0.01 to 0.06;

- 10% lignosulfonate solution - from 0.01 to 0.3;

- Water - up to 100.

Component B:

- N - from 3.0 to 4.0;

- P2O5 - from 5.0 to 5.3;

- K2O - from 9.0 to 9.6;

- MgO- from 2.0 to 2.3

- 10% lignosulfonate solution - from 0.01 to 0.3;

- Water - up to 100.

As a source of CaO are used nitrate compounds, as well as chelates of EDTA and DTPA, as a source of MgO are used both nitrate and sulfate compounds, as well as chelates of EDTA and DTPA, as a complexing agent is used lignosulfonate selected from the group consisting of sodium, calcium or magnesium lignosulfonate.

The liquid fertilizer for hydroponic plant cultivation, according to the present utility model, allows the cultivation of vegetable, flower and medicinal plant crops in open and closed hydroponic systems. One of its main advantages is that the nutrient solution is buffered in optimal limits, which allows its use in non-deionized water, and its offer in variants designed for feeding in different phases of the overall development of hydroponically grown plants, as well as combination of two components allows efficient feeding of all types of plants in the conditions of hydroponic cultivation and in inert environments such as perlite, rock wool, sand, expanded clay, neutralized fertilizer, nutrient film, aeroponics, etc. or in peat, coconut and other substrates. Liquid manure, according to the utility model, is also applicable to aeroponically grown plants, as well as to soil fertigation, while meeting the requirements of Regulation (EC) № 2003/2003 of the EU and the Council on EC fertilizer [2 ].

The effectiveness of the liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants, according to the utility model, containing all nutrients in the combination of two components - A and B, has been proven in many years of scientific and industrial testing in growing vegetable, flower and medicinal crops in open and closed hydroponic systems.

The reported biometric indicators in terms of number and weight of leaves, diameter and height of the stem, amount of raw and dry biomass, development of the root system, as well as flowering and fruiting require the conclusion that liquid fertilizer has an extremely beneficial effect in all phases of development. plants (Fig. 1 to Fig. 10).

BG 3995 UI

Explanation of the attached figures:

Figure 1 graphically shows the number of leaves of plants treated with the composition according to the utility model - in% relative to the control;

Figure 2 graphically shows the weight of the leaves - in% relative to the control;

Figure 3 graphically presents the total area of the leaves - in% relative to the control;

Figure 4 graphically shows the diameter of the stem - in% relative to the control;

Figure 5 graphically shows the height of the stem - in% relative to the control;

Figure 6 graphically presents the total fresh biomass - in% relative to the control;

Figure 7 graphically represents the total biomass in the dried state - in% relative to the control;

Figure 8 illustrates the development of plants depending on the amount of liquid fertilizer applied, according to the utility model;

Figure 9 illustrates the development of the root system as a function of the amount of water-soluble fertilizer applied, according to the utility model;

Figure 10 shows a general view of Branfountan chrysanthemums in the flowering phase, fed with liquid fertilizer, according to the utility model, in all phases of their development.

The utility model is illustrated by the following exemplary embodiments without limiting its scope.

Example 1: According to the present example, the liquid two-component fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants is intended for use in the growth and development phase until the beginning of flowering and fruiting in all types of plants grown on substrates perlite, expanded clay, rock wool, peat, coconut and others. or for aeroponic cultivation as well as for soil fertigation.

The composition includes (in% by weight):

Component A:

Macro and secondary elements: N - 11.0; CaO - 2.00; MgO - 2.5;

Trace elements: B - 0.017; Co - 0.0007; Si - 0.01; Fe - 0.08; Μη - 0.035; Mo - 0.002; Zn - 0.015;

Complexing agent: 10% solution of Na-lignosulfonate - 0.2;

Water - up to 100.

The bulk density of the solution is 1.22 g / cm ³ .

Component B:

Macro and secondary elements: N - 3.75; P2O5 - 5.94; KgO - 14.76;

Complexing agent: 10% solution of Na-Lignosulfonate - 0.3;

Water-up to 100

The bulk density of the solution is 1.21 g / cm ³

The liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants, according to Example 1, is prepared with deionized water or water passed through a reverse osmosis apparatus, following the following protocol:

For component A, concentrated solutions are first prepared from each ingredient containing the corresponding element, the ingredients are added to deionized water heated to about 35-40 ° C, the complexing agent being added in advance to the macronutrient solution. The mixing of all ingredients is carried out with constant stirring, taking into account that the production and storage must be carried out at a room temperature of 16 ° C to 28 ° C.

For the preparation of component B, the principle is the same - the individual components are dissolved separately and added to the solution, and the complexing agent is imported in advance. Do not wait for the solution to cool and make up to the specified volume. After tempering, the volume is refined. Fertilizers are bottled at room temperature and stored at 16 ° C to 28 ° C.

Components A and B are not pre-mixed, but are added to the water to prepare the nutrient solution immediately before use. It is recommended that the combination of the two A + B solutions be applied in an amount of 1 ml / L for seedlings and 2 ml / L for grafted plants.

The product maintains pH and EU values of the nutrient solution as follows:

- Components A and B alone: At 1.0 ml / L-pH - 5.83; EC = 673 pS / cm; At 2 ml / L-pH 6.01; EC = 1289 pS / cm;

- Components A and B in combination: At 1.0 ml / L-pH - 5.60; EC = 943pS / cm; At 2 ml / L-pH - 5.57; EC = 1687 pS / cm;

* EU - electrical conductivity of the solution, ie the amount of salts dissolved in water

The biometric parameters reported in the vascular vegetation experiment with Levina cucumber seedlings grown on perlite and fed with the solution, as a combination of components A + B, according to the present Example, are illustrated in Table 1 below:

Table 1.

Options Number of leaves Leaf weight, 9 Total leaf area, cm ’ Stem diameter, mm Stem height, cm Total crude biomass, g Total dry biomass, 9_________ Control 1.0 ml / L 3.33 3.25 177.48 4.87 19.33 7.67 0.52 A + B 0.5 ml / L <25 5.17 218.07 5.83 2325 10.59 079 A + B- 1 ml / L 4.50 674 279.26 6.41 27.00 14.57 0.99 A + B- 1.S ml / L 5.50 10.15 347.88 6.43 34 50 21.74 1.63 P- Value | 0.0002 0 0138 0.0009 0.0000 Ra · Ratio I 15.09 5.41 11.11 46.67 ± Limits ; 58.28 0.97 5.S2 2.75

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Where:

± Limits indicates the deviation from the mean values;

P-Value and F-Ratio show reliability of results; it is assumed that at p <0.01 the reliability of the results is> 99%

The graphical expression of the indicators selected and examined in Table 1 above is presented in Figures 1 to 9.

Example 2: According to the present example, the liquid two-component fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants is intended for use in the flowering and fruiting phase of all types of vegetable, flowering and medicinal plants in the flowering and fruiting phase, as well as for plants with special mineral requirements. feeding with phosphorus and potassium in open and closed hydroponic systems on peat, coconut and other substrates or for aeroponic cultivation, as well as for fertigation of soil crops. The composition includes (in% by weight):

Component A:

Trace elements: N - 7.00; K2O - 11.0; CaO - 4.0;

Trace elements: B - 0.06; Co - 0.009; Cu - 0.01; Fe - 0.085; Mn - 0.04, Mo - 0.04; Zn-0.03.

Complexing agent: 10 "solution of Na-Lignosulfonate - 0.3

Bulk density of the solution - 1.24 g / cm ³

Component B:

Macronutrients: N - 2.3; P2O5 - 5.3; KgO - 9.6; MgO - 2.3;

Complexing agent: 10% solution of Mg-Lignosulfonate - 0.2

Bulk density of the solution - 1.19 g / cm ³

The preparation of the liquid fertilizer according to this Example is carried out according to the protocol as follows:

For the preparation of component A: Each of the ingredients is pre-dissolved and separately in warm distilled or deionized water, and their mixing - with constant stirring, while the complexing agent is pre-added to the solution with macronutrients. Production and storage must be carried out at a room temperature of 16 ° C to 28 ° C.

For the preparation of a component The principle is the same - the individual components are dissolved separately and added to the solution, and the complexing agent is imported in advance. Do not wait for the solution to cool and make up to the specified volume. After tempering, the volume is refined. The fertilizers are bottled at room temperature and stored at a temperature of 16 to 28 ° C.

Components A and B are not pre-mixed, but are added to the water to prepare the nutrient solution immediately before use. It is recommended that the combination of the two A + B solutions be applied at a concentration of 2 ml / L for flowering plants.

The product maintains pH and EC values of the nutrient solution as follows: The pH and EC values of the combination of components (A + B) are:

- in deionized water pH ~ 6.0; The EU is about 1700 pS / cm;

- in non-deionized water pH ~ 6.85-6.98; The EU is around 1900-1985 pS / cm.

The biometric parameters recorded in a vessel vegetation experiment with buffalo heart tomato seedlings grown on perlite and zeolite and fed with the solution according to the present Example, as a combination of components A + B, are illustrated in Table 2 below:

TABLE 2

BG 3995 UI

Options Stem diameter, mm Height on the stems, cm Total crude biomass, e Total dry biomass, e Control 1.0 ml / L 5.51 27.00 13.71 1.10 A + B 0.5 ml / L 6.18 31.33 16.91 1.17 A + B 1.0 ml / L 6.02 35.00 24.13 1.90 A + B 1.5 ml / L 5.54 32.33 21.47 1.85 P- Value 0.312 0.003S 0.0091 th most common F- Ratio 1.40 10.48 7.84 + Limits 0.93 3.35 5.41

Where:

± Limits indicates the deviation from the mean values;

P-Value and F-Ratio show reliability of results; it is assumed that at p <0.01 the reliability of the results is> 99%

The data summarized in Table 2 show that the best results are obtained when treating plants with a solution of 1.0 ml / L, but in terms of stem diameter, the treatment variant with 0.5 ml / L stands out.

Example 3: Monitoring the influence of the combination of the two liquid fertilizer variants, according to the utility model, on the overall development of hydroponically grown plants - for the growth and development phase and for the flowering and fruiting phase.

The experiments according to the present Example were performed on a chrysanthemum as a short-day plant to interpolate the data in order to be able to track the effect of the liquid fertilizer according to the utility model and its application for growing medicinal plants.

The experiment with chrysanthemums variety "Branfountan" Silistra, was set on June 22, 2018 and reported at the end of October of the same year. As a control, the product of Advanced Nutrients-Connoisseur was used against the liquid fertilizer, according to the utility model - in an amount of 2 ml / L.

The biometric follow-up presented in Table 3 below shows that the tested products have a positive effect on almost all observed indicators compared to the control and that the combination of the two variants of water-soluble fertilizer according to the utility model, ie variant 1 for phase application growth and development plus option 2 - for application in the flowering and fruiting phase, has the strongest impact on the development of the generative organs.

Comparative testing of these hydroponic solutions shows that they can be used in the cultivation of plants for medicinal purposes and that the product, according to the utility model, is better than that used as a control.

TABLE 3

Indicators Control Option 1 + option 2 of the CM P- value F-ratio ± Limits Number of buds 79.33 157 00 0.0109 4.79 60.24 Number of colors 91.67 96.00 0.0001 12 12 Ϊ7.39 Weight of flowers, g 50.88 62 43 0.0007 8.79 11.34 Stem diameter, cm 8.8 12.40 0.1995 1.71 3.84 Total crude biomass, g 121.01 133.66 0.0004 9.69 16.07 Total dry biomass, g 19.59 29.22 Raw root biomass, g 24.76 22.87 0.04111 3.26 10.43 Dry root biomass, g 4.77 4.21

BG 3995 UI

Where:

± Limits indicates the deviation from the mean values;

P-Value and F-Ratio show reliability of results; it is assumed that at p <0.01 the reliability of the results is> 99%.

Claims (2)

1. KBC Agro Bulgaria, water-soluble fertilizers (http://www.kvsagro.com). 1. Liquid fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants based on macro-secondary and microelements, characterized in that it comprises components A and B, each of which contains the following elements in the corresponding qualitative and quantitative ratios (in% by weight): Component A: - N - from 10.0 to 12.0; - CaO - from 2.0 to 3.0; - MgO - from 2.0 to 3.0; - Fe - from 0.05 to 0.2; - MP - from 0.02 to 0.07; - Cu - from 0.005 to 0.015; - Zn - from 0.005 to 0.02; - Mo - from 0.001 to 0.005; - Co - from 0.0005 to 0.001; - B - from 0.01 to 0.05; - 10% lignosulfonate solution - from 0.01 to 0.3; - Water - up to 100. Component B: - N - from 3.0 to 4.0; - P2O5 - from 5.0 to 6.0; - K ₂ 0-from14.0 to 15.0; - 10% solution of lignosulfonate - from 0.01 to 0.3; - Water - up to 100. 2. Water-soluble fertilizer for hydroponically grown plants based on macro-secondary and microelements, characterized in that it includes components A and B, each of which contains the following elements in the respective qualitative and quantitative ratios (in weight%): Component A: - N - from 7.0 to 12.0; - CaO - from 2.0 to 4.0; - K ₂ 0 - from 2.0 to 11.0; - Fe-from 0.05 to 0.085; - MP - from 0.02 to 0.04; - Cu - from 0.005 to 0.01; - Zn- from 0.005 to 0.02; - Mo - from 0.001 to 0.04; - Co - from 0.0005 to 0.009; - B - from 0.01 to 0.06; - 10% lignosulfonate solution - from 0.01 to 0.3; - Water - up to 100. Component B: - N - from 3.0 to 4.0; - P2O5 - from 5.0 to 5.3; - HzO - from 9.0 to 9.6; - MgO - from 2.0 to 2.3 - 10% lignosulfonate solution - from 0.01 to 0.3; - Water - up to 100. Appendix: 10 figures Literature 2. REGULATION (EC) № 2003/2003 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL, 13.10.2003. (httD: //babh.Qovernment.ba/uploads/File/Dokumenti naredbi / PRZ / realament 2003 2003 consolidates n.pdf).