BG113033A - Compressed air and solar energy piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The engine finds application in various motor vehicle systems (MVS), mainly for urban environmentally friendly transport. The engine is a two-stroke piston with a simple device and works by supplying reduced compressed air from 1 to 25 bar in a working chamber. The air supply to the working chamber for the working stroke of the engine is carried out through a suitable solenoid valve, controlled by an electromechanical device, powered by a solar panel with an attached controller and a battery thereto. The exhaust air is discharged through openings at the bottom dead center (DBC) of the piston. The idling of the piston to the top dead center (TDC) is controlled by another solenoid valve connected to the electrical circuit of the electromechanical device to avoid compression by the air remaining in the working chamber.

Description

The invention relates to a reciprocating engine running on compressed air and solar energy, which can be used for motor vehicles and environmentally friendly urban transport.

Compressed air piston engines are known, modified from four-stroke engines, in which compressed air is supplied from the spark plug orifice and the valve timing is changed by modifying the camshaft. The engines run at high air consumption and low efficiency.

Two-stroke reciprocating compressed air piston engines are known, in which compressed air is supplied by a solenoid valve controlled by an electronic induction device mounted on the crankshaft.

Disadvantages of the known piston engines with compressed air is the loss of mechanical energy during the stroke of the piston from lower to upper dead center due to actuation of the exhaust valves by the camshaft or compression in two-stroke ones, as well as the instantaneous air supply. Another disadvantage is the losses from the magnetic field resulting from the rotation of the magnets or alternators that power the electrical mechanisms.

The object of the invention is to provide a reciprocating engine with simple action and high efficiency, working with compressed air, using additional energy from sunlight.

The problem is solved with a reciprocating two-stroke engine (SCHEME), supplied with compressed air from 1 to 25 bar, reduced by a high pressure tank of 300 bar in a cylindrical working chamber (8). The working chamber is closed by a working head (5), constructed with two solenoid valves, normally closed (4) and normally open (6), connected in parallel in an electrical circuit. The power supply circuit is connected to a solar panel (1) with the respective devices - controller (2) and battery (3). In the lower part of the working chamber, around a lower dead center, a suitable opening (9) is made for the discharge of the exhaust air. An electro-mechanical or electronic synchronizer-switch (11) is located on the crankshaft (10) controlling the solenoid valves (4) and (6) of the head, intermittently interrupting the supply circuit at each revolution. The working stroke of the engine (Fig. 1) is carried out by supplying compressed air to the working chamber from the GMT of the piston (7) by opening the normally closed solenoid valve (4) - the supply circuit is turned on. The piston performs the working stroke by continuously increasing the pressure in the working chamber. At this time, the normally open solenoid valve (6) on the head is closed. When the DMT is reached, the supply circuit is switched off and the normally closed solenoid valve (4) closes, as a large part of the air in the working chamber leaves it through the exhaust air outlet (9). From the inertia created in

-3 Knee-crank mechanism (Fig. 2) through the flywheel (12), the piston goes up to GMT. At the same time, the normally open solenoid valve (6) opens and evacuates the residual air from the working chamber without creating resistance to compression of the piston. The process is repeated several times until the pressure in the working chamber is exhausted with the supply of compressed air or by interruption of the electrical circuit of the supplied solenoid valves. The solenoid valves (6) and (4) are controlled by an electrical circuit, continuously supplied by the solar panel (1) with the adjacent controller (2) and battery (3) depending on the movement of the piston from GMT to DMT and vice versa.

The advantages of the reciprocating engine running with compressed air and solar energy according to the invention are its simplified device, improved efficiency, due to the continuous supply of compressed air during the working stroke from GMT to DMT and continuous evacuation of residual air. in the working chamber from DMT to GMT, as well as the savings from the production of own electricity. Another advantage is the ability to be constructed of polymer composite materials given the low operating temperature, which significantly reduces its weight.

The invention is illustrated by the following non-limiting examples:

Example 1. A model of a piston engine consisting of a cylinder and a piston with a displacement of 50 cm3 and a stroke of 40 mm was prepared. A flat head with asbestos cement is mounted on the cylinder

-4set. The head is equipped with two direct current solenoid valves operating on 12 V - normally closed for compressed air supply and normally open for exhaust air. The solenoid valves are connected in parallel in an electrical circuit to a 5 Ah battery. The interruption of the chain to the solenoid valves is done by a cam mechanism with a hammer and anvil, mounted on the axis of the crankshaft, equipped with a cast iron flywheel. Through a 12 liter diving bottle with a pressure of 250 bar, through the adjacent and first stage regulator, a pressure of 9 bar is supplied to the reduction valve, integrated to the solenoid valve for incoming compressed air of the engine. The engine is started by turning the flywheel and running evenly until the air in the cylinder is exhausted for 45 minutes.

Example 2. A piston engine consisting of a cylinder and a piston with a displacement of 50 cm3 and a stroke of 40 mm was prepared. A flat head with aluminum gasket is mounted on the cylinder. The head is equipped with two direct current solenoid valves operating at 12 V - normally closed for compressed air supply and normally open for exhaust air. The solenoid valves are connected in parallel in an electric circuit to a battery of 8 Ah, which is continuously charged through a controller by a solar panel with a power of 30 W. At 38 mm in height from the head in the cylinder are drilled three holes F 6 mm for exhaust air . The circuit to the solenoid valves is interrupted by an eccentric switch mounted on the crankshaft shaft, equipped with a steel belt pulley and a solid flywheel. Through a 12 liter diving bottle with a pressure of 250 bar through the adjacent and first degree regulator is supplied a pressure of 9 bar in a receiver bottle of 2.5

-5 liters, and from there to the reduction valve, integrated to the solenoid valve for compressed engine intake air. The engine is started by turning the flywheel and running evenly until the air in the cylinder is depleted for 65 minutes. A small compressor with a power of 40 W is integrated into the receiver, which is switched on periodically at a set time through the controller and fills the volume of the receiver with compressed air to save the consumption of total compressed air.

Claims (3)

1. A reciprocating two-stroke engine driven by compressed air, controlled by solenoid valves during the entire operating and idling from GMT to DMT and vice versa. A reciprocating two-stroke engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the solenoid valves are controlled by electricity from a solar panel equipped with a controller and a battery. A reciprocating two-stroke engine according to claim 1, operating with compressed air at an operating pressure of 1 to 25 bar.