BG109554A - Integrating commutator of magnetic fluxes - Google Patents

Abstract

The commutator is used in various electrotechnical devices for magnetic circuit control, as well as for obtaining of pulsating magnetic flux from a permanent magnet without any influence of the commutating device on the performing one. It is particularly useful in feed sources operating off-line. The commutator makes it possible to control powerful magnetic fluxes through miner changes in the magnitude of the control tensions, i.e. the effect is achieved of a triode amplifying valve or transistor, but with respect to the control of magnetic circuits. This renders it particularly efficient in electrogenerating devices. The advantage of the commutator consists in the minimal effect of the commutating device on the performing one, and also in eliminating the influence exerted on the permanent magnet by the antielectromotive force (e.m.f.) occurring in the working device (1). With the same success, the commutator commutates also magnetic fluxes from electromagnets with permanent magnets. In this case, the electromagnets need no compensation winding or other means for avoiding the influence of the AC component of the performing devices (1).

Description

DESCRIPTION

The Magnetic Integrated Switch

Flows (INCOMP)

1. Scope

INCOMP is applicable in all devices in which commutation or summation of magnetic fluxes of permanent magnets or electromagnets is or is required. INCOMP expands the range of types and types of electromagnetic devices, and also expands the possibilities of using permanent magnets in them, as sources of power in autonomous electromagnetic devices, as well as for generating electricity.

2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Numerous attempts have been made to solve the problem of switching a permanent magnetic flux from a permanent magnet or electromagnet in order to use it, but already as a pulsed magnetic flux, for further energy conversion. All these attempts in a concentrated form find application in the so-called MEG patented by Tom Bearden in the United States (Thomas E. Bearden, patent no. US 6,362,718Bl / 26.03.2002) in a collective with others. There are other developments in this field, but they all have one thing in common and a solution - interaction in one way or another of counter-magnetic fluxes in a common magnetic circuit with that of the actuator.

3, Technical nature

From the graph it can be seen that in the general case, μ initially increases with increasing H and then decreases, and at large induction values tends to μ = 1

From the equality given

B = μομΗ shows that the only parameter that can be changed is the magnetic permeability of the material.

Starting from the above, INK0Sh1 can be considered as a nonlinear quadrupole (Fig. 1), in which the magnetic resistance is changed according to a law opposite to the law of change of μ », to which an input voltage is applied.

Re INCOMP

The mathematical expressions for determining the characteristics of the change in magnetic permeability are given above. The magnetic resistance of INCOMP is determined according to the expression

Rm - Imed /

The accompanying drawings show different design solutions of INCOMP with differently shaped shunts, depending on the

-4The purpose of the device is simple, straight, toroidal, double shunt. In all cases shown, the shunt is also a magnetic core with a corresponding coil on it.

Of interest is the toroidal core shunt, which has two control coils incorporated to create a circular magnetic flux.

The principle of operation of INCOMP is based on bringing the ferromagnet to a deep saturation mode with the help of the control coils, crushed by the process of magnetic amplifiers.

The INCOMP magnetic cores (cores) are calculated and assembled according to the engineering design methodologies for such devices.

During operation, the power used in the control coils of INCOMP is dissipated as heat.

The characteristics of the variation of the magnetic resistance of INCOMP allow it to be defined as an electrically controlled magnetic nonlinear element that is capable of performing a variety of magnetic flux transformations into magnetic circuits. As the INCOMP input has no inductance, it is permissible to use a variety of control voltages (current).

Another feature of the toroidal shunt is that it allows complete separation of the switched magnetic flux and isolation of the actuator from the influence of the switching fields.

In the general case, the operation of the switch based on the method of changing the magnetic resistance by changing the magnetic permeability of the magnetic circuit is reduced to two main operating cycles:

-5 Cycle # 1, in which the magnetic resistance Rms of the shunt is much less than the magnetic resistance of the actuator Rd and the switched magnetic flux is closed through the shunt of the switch.

Cycle # 2, in which the magnetic resistance of the shunt Rms is much greater than the magnetic resistance of the actuator Rd, as a result of which the switched magnetic flux is redirected through the actuator.

4. Description of the attached figures

The accompanying drawings show embodiments of the INCOMP depending on the functional purpose - as a summator of magnetic fluxes or as a separator and switch of permanent magnetic flux.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show examples of an INCOMP designed to summarize and commute the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet, such as FIG. 1 shows the process before the control voltage Uc is applied, A in FIG. 2 - when such a control pulse is applied. Said exemplary device consists of a magnetic shunt (3) with a control coil wound thereon (4), a permanent magnet (5), an INCOMP pole (2), a magnetic conductor of the actuator (1), and a working slot for adjusting the magnetic resistance (b). In this case, the INCOMP (3) shunt core is prismatic, not toroidal.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show two other variants of INCOMP, but with a toroidal shunt magnetic conduit (3). The purpose of this embodiment is to separate the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet (5) and to direct it to the actuator (1), in this case the throttle. Fig. 3 shows the moment before the control voltage is applied, i.e. Uc = 0, as well as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (Fm) closed through the toroidal shunt (3).

Figure 4. the moment after the control voltage is applied, that is, when Uc ^ O and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is closed already through the magnetic conduit of the working device (1). Figure 5 and Figure 6b show the drawings of another type of INCOMP whose task is to again separate and redirect the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (5) through the actuator (1). They are again

- The moments before and after the control impulses are fed into the control coils of the toroidal shunt are reflected. The difference here is that the permanent magnet (5) is located inside the INCOMP toroidal electromagnetic shunt (3), using the effect of the perpendicular vectors of the magnetic flux to separate the flux of the permanent magnet (5).

5. Example of implementation

Exemplary embodiments are FIG. 3, FIG. 4, where the purpose of the INCOMP is to redirect the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (5) to the actuator (1) by means of the magnetic flux control method by varying the magnetic permeability and magnetic resistance work. In this case - generation (induction) of electricity. The toroidal magnetic core of the shunt (3) is chosen so that its magnetic permeability is assumed to be a minimum value (p -> 1), and from there the magnetic resistance of the magnetic core (3) tends to a maximum value (Rms -> Rmstnax) at low magnetic field strength values of N. The windings of the toroidal shunt are connected so that a circular continuous magnetic flux is formed in the toroid, i.e. the connection is a consistent operation. It is advisable for the pulse mode to be rectangular, with a steep edge and a minimum duration consistent with the capabilities of the magnetic core. Specific calculations regarding the cross section of the magnetic core, conductor, number of windings, etc. is performed according to the engineering methodology for the design of impulse devices.

The characteristics of the permanent magnet (5) used are selected according to the operating conditions and the intended use of the device.

After the control voltage (impulse) is applied, the toroid (3) of the circular magnetic flux is saturated, which leads to an increase in the magnetic resistance. The magnetic resistance of the shunt becomes much greater than that of the working opening (b), whereby the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (5) is redirected in the form of a magnetic pulse through the actuating device (1) and is induced. ds Termination of the control pulse causes the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (5) to close again through the toroid. The repetition rate of the cycles depends on the properties of the materials used.

Claims (4)

1. A method for controlling magnetic fluxes by means of a magnetic shunt, characterized in that the magnetic permeability of the shunt is reduced or increased and its magnetic resistance increased or decreased by changing the magnetic induction or the magnetic field strength of the shunt. An INCOMP with a toroidal, similar or other magnetic shunt using the method of Claim 1 and operating as a permanent magnet magnetic flux switching device. An INCOMP with a toroidal, similar or other magnetic shunt using the method of Claim 1 and operating as a permanent magnet switching magnetic flux device. An INCOMP with a toroidal, similar, or other magnetic shunt using the method of Claim 1 and operating as a variable magnetic flux switching device.