CN110752119B - Negative magnetostriction control relay device - Google Patents
Negative magnetostriction control relay device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110752119B CN110752119B CN201911036062.7A CN201911036062A CN110752119B CN 110752119 B CN110752119 B CN 110752119B CN 201911036062 A CN201911036062 A CN 201911036062A CN 110752119 B CN110752119 B CN 110752119B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H55/00—Magnetostrictive relays
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Abstract
The invention relates to a negative magnetostriction control relay device, and belongs to the field of electrical devices. The invention comprises a negative magnetostriction material, a permanent magnet material, a first fixed iron yoke, a second fixed iron yoke, an armature, two springs and two contacts. The invention utilizes the principle of the change of the compressed magnetic conductivity of the negative magnetostriction material, changes the magnetic flux in the permanent magnetic material-negative magnetostriction material loop, changes the magnetic flux in the permanent magnetic material-armature loop, and further changes the magnetic force applied to the armature to enable the armature to be in contact with the contact, thereby realizing the function of connecting the circuit. Compared with the traditional electromagnetic relay, the device has the characteristics that the power supply is not available, the circuit is switched on and off, and the closing can be kept.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a negative magnetostriction control relay device, and belongs to the field of electrical devices.
Background
The magnetostrictive effect was found in 1842 to be an effect in which ferromagnetic materials and ferrimagnetic materials undergo changes in length and volume due to changes in their own magnetization states. Wherein, positive magnetostriction is that the material lengthens along the direction of the magnetic field in the magnetization process, and negative magnetostriction is that the material shortens along the direction of the magnetic field in the magnetization process. The magnetostrictive material is used as an important intelligent material, has the advantages of high mechanical energy-electric energy conversion efficiency, high energy density and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ships, electrical devices, sound equipment and the like.
SmMFexAs a negative magnetostriction material, the magnetostriction strain can reach-2100 ppm, in the REFE2Second only to TbFe in the series of compounds2And is highest in all negative magnetostrictive materials. However, SmMFexThe alloy does not contain Tb, Dy and other precious metals, has low price and is only (TbDy) Fe2Half of that. Thus, SmMFe is usedxAs a raw material, the material has the advantages of excellent performance, low price and the like.
A relay, as an electric control device, is an electric appliance that generates a predetermined step change in a controlled amount in an electric output circuit when a change in excitation meets a predetermined requirement, and is generally applied to an automatic control circuit to control a large current operation with a small current. The common relays include an electromagnetic relay, a solid relay, a temperature relay, a time relay, etc., but the control circuits of these relays can only operate under the condition of being supplied with power, and the control circuits need to maintain power supply during operation, which not only causes the loss of electric energy, but also cannot meet the relay under certain extreme conditions without continuous power supply. Currently, a magnetic latching relay is emerging, which uses magnetic attraction to keep the switch in a closed state without continuous power supply. Although the existing magnetic latching relay keeps the switch closed without power supply, two control ends are needed no matter the structure is a single coil or a double coil; the on-off of the control switch needs to be triggered by applying forward and reverse pulse current, and the control is relatively complex. The invention provides a device which can control the on-off of a circuit by means of mechanical external force without power supply and can keep a closed state.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem of the invention is solved: the defects in the prior art are overcome, and the negative magnetostriction control relay device is provided to realize the function of controlling the on-off of a circuit by means of mechanical external force and keeping the closed state under the condition of no power supply.
The principle of the invention is as follows: according to the kirchhoff law of the magnetic circuit, at any node (solid closed surface) of the magnetic circuit, the algebraic sum of the magnetic fluxes is zero, namely phi1+Φ20. Two loops with opposite magnetic flux directions can be constructed, the permanent magnet material-negative magnetostriction material forms a loop, and the magnetic flux is phi1(ii) a The permanent magnet material and the armature form another loop with a magnetic flux of phi2. By utilizing the principle that the magnetic conductivity of the negative magnetostrictive material is changed under the action of external pressure, the magnetic conductivity of the material is increased when pressure is applied to the negative magnetostrictive material, and the magnetic flux phi of the loop is increased1Increasing the flux phi of the permanent magnet material-armature circuit2And decreases. The magnetic flux phi is B.S, the magnetic induction intensity B of a loop where the armature is located is reduced, the acting force of a magnetic field borne by the corresponding armature is reduced, the armature is far away from the permanent magnet material under the action of the spring elasticity, and a contact (the contact is externally connected with a working circuit) is connected to enable the working circuit to be conducted. When the pressure applied to the negative magnetostriction material is removed, the magnetic field acting force borne by the armature is increased, the armature is separated from the contact by overcoming the elastic force of the spring, and the working circuit is disconnected.
The invention relates to a negative magnetostriction control relay device, which comprises: the permanent magnet type magnetic switch comprises a negative magnetostriction material, a permanent magnet material, a first fixed iron yoke, a second fixed iron yoke, an armature, two springs and two contacts; the negative magnetostriction material and the permanent magnet material are fixed in the first fixed iron yoke and the second fixed iron yoke, the armature is located on one side of the first fixed iron yoke and one side of the second fixed iron yoke and connected with the first fixed iron yoke and the second fixed iron yoke through two springs, and the two contacts are located on the other side of the armature.
The negative magnetostriction material comprises SmMFex. X is more than or equal to 1.40 and less than or equal to 1.94, and M is Dy, Pr, Yb, Ce or Nd.
The negative magnetostriction material, the permanent magnet material and the armature are arranged in parallel, and the permanent magnet material is located in the middle.
And a gap is reserved between the armature and the first fixed iron yoke and between the armature and the second fixed iron yoke.
The width of the gap is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
The two springs are separately arranged, two ends of one spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the first fixed iron yoke and the armature, two ends of the other spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the second fixed iron yoke and the armature, and the two springs are both in a compression state initially.
The spring is made of a non-magnetic material.
The two contacts are spaced apart and spaced from the armature.
The width of the gap is 0.1mm-0.5 mm.
The structural diagram of the device of the invention is shown in figure 1, wherein 1 is a first fixed iron yoke, and 2 is a negative magnetostriction material (SmMFe)x) The reference numeral 3 denotes a second fixed iron yoke, 4 denotes a permanent magnet material, 5 denotes an armature, 6 and 7 denote contacts, and are externally connected to a working circuit (not shown), and 8 and 9 denote springs. The negative magnetostriction material 2 and the permanent magnet material 4 are fixed in the fixed iron yokes, the armatures 5 are positioned on one sides of the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3, and the two contacts 6 and 7 are positioned on the other side of the armatures 5; the negative magnetostriction material 2 and the permanent magnet material 4 are arranged in parallel with the armature 5, and the permanent magnet material 4 is in the middle position. The size of the armature 5 is matched with the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3, and the armature is respectively connected with the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3 through springs 8 and 9 and is connected with the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3A gap is left between the iron yokes 3, the width of the gap is 0.2mm-0.5mm, and the two springs are both in a compressed state initially; the two contacts 6 and 7 are respectively positioned at two ends of the armature 5, and a gap is reserved between the two contacts and the armature 5, and the width of the gap is 0.1mm-0.5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the circuit is controlled to be switched on and off by means of mechanical external force without power supply, and the operation is simpler and more convenient than that of a magnetic latching relay. The pressure acts on the negative magnetostrictive material 2 to change the magnetic conductivity of the negative magnetostrictive material, so that the magnetic force borne by the armature 5 is indirectly reduced, the armature is contacted with the contact under the action of the elastic force of the springs 8 and 9, and the switch is closed; if the switch is disconnected, the pressure applied to the negative magnetostrictive material 2 is removed, the magnetic force applied to the armature 5 is increased, the armature overcomes the elastic force of the springs 8 and 9 to separate from the contact, and a pulse signal is not required to be provided. And the switch does not contain electric control devices such as coils and the like, and the operation and control process is simple and convenient.
(2) After the switch is closed, the switch does not need power supply, can keep a closed state and has no energy loss. Because the magnetic force exerted by the permanent magnetic material 4 controls the contact between the armature 5 and the contact, no electric energy or other forms of energy loss exist in the process, and the state can be kept after the closing.
(3) The invention can realize stable relay under certain extreme conditions. Under some extreme conditions (such as unstable power supply), the traditional electromagnetic relay cannot ensure the continuous contact between the armature and the contact, but after the armature is contacted with the contact, namely the switch is closed, if no external force directly acts, the control circuit cannot be disconnected, and the stable closing of the relay switch can be ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a structure diagram of a negative magnetostriction control relay device, wherein 1 is a first fixed iron yoke, 2 is a negative magnetostriction material, 3 is a second fixed iron yoke, 4 is a permanent magnetic material, 5 is an armature, 6 and 7 are contacts, and 8 and 9 are springs.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
In the practice of the inventionIn the example, the structure of the negative magnetostriction control relay device is shown in FIG. 1, and the composition SmNdFe is selected1.84The negative magnetostriction material 2 is prepared by adopting a zone melting directional solidification method, and the orientation of the negative magnetostriction material is<111>The diameter is 8mm and the length is 10 mm; the permanent magnet material is NdFeB, the diameter is 8mm, and the length is 10 mm; the size of the armature is 50mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 5 mm; the spring material is copper.
According to fig. 1, a first fixed iron yoke 1, a negative magnetostriction material 2, a second fixed iron yoke 3, a permanent magnet material 4, an armature 5, a first contact 6, a second contact 7, a first spring 8 and a second spring 9 are assembled to obtain a negative magnetostriction control relay object. The negative magnetostriction material 2 and the permanent magnet material 4 are fixed in the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3, the armature 5 is located on one side of the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3, and the two contacts, namely the first contact 6 and the second contact 6, 7 are located on the other side of the armature 5; the negative magnetostriction material 2 and the permanent magnet material 4 are arranged in parallel with the armature 5, and the permanent magnet material 4 is in the middle position. The size of the armature 5 is matched with the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3, the armature is respectively connected with the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3 through a first spring 8 and a second spring 9, a gap is reserved between the armature and the first fixed iron yoke 1 and between the armature and the second fixed iron yoke 3, the width of the gap is 0.3mm, and the two springs are both in a compression state at the beginning; two contacts, namely a first and a second contact 6, 7, are located at the two ends of the armature 5, respectively, and leave a gap with the armature 5, the width of the gap being 0.1 mm.
Since the negative magnetostrictive material 2 is fixed to the yoke, in order to apply pressure to both ends of the negative magnetostrictive material 2, pressure is applied to both ends of the first fixed yoke 1 and the second fixed yoke 3. Two ends of the first fixed iron yoke 1 and the second fixed iron yoke 3 are fixed on a clamp head of a testing machine for pressurization, and the change of magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit causes the magnetic force borne by the armature 5 to be reduced, so that the armature contacts with the first contact 6 and the second contact 7 to realize a relay function; the pressure is kept, and the force applied to the armature 5 is unchanged, so that the contact with the first contact 6 and the second contact 7 is kept, and the function of keeping the switch closed is realized; the pressure is reduced, the magnetic force borne by the armature 5 is increased, the armature is separated from the contact by overcoming the elastic force of the spring, and the switch is switched off. Experiments prove that the negative magnetostriction control relay device has the characteristics of no power supply, no on-off of a control circuit and no need of power supply to keep a switch closed.
Although particular embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and implementations of the invention, the scope of which is therefore defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A negative magnetostrictive control relay device, comprising: the permanent magnet type magnetic switch comprises a negative magnetostriction material, a permanent magnet material, a first fixed iron yoke, a second fixed iron yoke, an armature, two springs and two contacts; the negative magnetostriction material and the permanent magnet material are fixed in the first fixed iron yoke and the second fixed iron yoke, the armatures are positioned on one sides of the first fixed iron yoke and the second fixed iron yoke and connected with the first fixed iron yoke and the second fixed iron yoke through two springs, and the two contacts are positioned on the other side of the armatures; two ends of the first fixed iron yoke and the second fixed iron yoke are fixed on a clamp head of the testing machine for pressurization, and the change of magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit causes the magnetic force borne by the armature to be reduced, so that the armature is in contact with two contacts, and the relay function is realized.
2. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 1, wherein: the negative magnetostriction material comprises SmMFexX is more than or equal to 1.40 and less than or equal to 1.94, and M is Dy, Pr, Yb, Ce or Nd.
3. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 1, wherein: the negative magnetostriction material, the permanent magnet material and the armature are arranged in parallel, and the permanent magnet material is located in the middle.
4. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 1, wherein: and a gap is reserved between the armature and the first fixed iron yoke and between the armature and the second fixed iron yoke.
5. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 4, wherein: the width of the gap is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
6. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 1, wherein: the two springs are separately arranged, two ends of one spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the first fixed iron yoke and the armature, two ends of the other spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the second fixed iron yoke and the armature, and the two springs are both in a compression state initially.
7. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 1, wherein: the spring is made of a non-magnetic material.
8. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 1, wherein: the two contacts are spaced apart and spaced from the armature.
9. The negative magnetostrictive control relay device according to claim 8, wherein: the width of the gap is 0.1mm-0.5 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911036062.7A CN110752119B (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Negative magnetostriction control relay device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911036062.7A CN110752119B (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Negative magnetostriction control relay device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110752119A CN110752119A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
| CN110752119B true CN110752119B (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006222139A (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-24 | Tdk Corp | Magnetostriction actuator |
| CN101221865B (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2011-06-01 | 上海交通大学 | Magnetic driven switch device of power system |
| CN102543590B (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2014-08-27 | 上海交通大学 | Low-power-consumption high-stability magnetic bi-stable micro-relay |
| JP2013207232A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-07 | Tdk Corp | Reactor and electrical apparatus |
| CN103681101A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-03-26 | 江苏海纳纳米技术开发有限公司 | A magnetic switching device with a magneto-rheological elastomer |
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Effective date of registration: 20210427 Address after: 100191 Zhizhen building, Zhichun Road, Haidian District, Beijing (A015) Patentee after: Beijing Hangda New Magnetic Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100191 Haidian District, Xueyuan Road, No. 37, Patentee before: BEIHANG University |
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Effective date of registration: 20210930 Address after: 215000 Building 1, No. 488, Songshan Road, high tech Zone, Suzhou, Jiangsu Patentee after: Suzhou Hangda New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100191 Zhizhen building, Zhichun Road, Haidian District, Beijing (A015) Patentee before: Beijing Hangda New Magnetic Technology Co.,Ltd. |