BG103307A - Tube and composite material for its making - Google Patents

Abstract

The tube is used for nontraumatic building of man-made canals in the natural cavities of living organisms by a preset trajectory intended to reach difficult access objects for testing and therapy by directed and consecutive turning over of its individual sections inside out in penetration and outside in in its removal. It is made of composite material with a controllable phase transition and is designed as a three-layer structure, containing a basic layer with high elasticity temperature range from 35 to 55 deg.C, medium layer (reinforcement and energy conductive) and adhesion layer. The first basic layer (2) consists of a polymer composition based on vinyl resin or any other polar polymer, modification high molecular organic compounds, stabilizers, slipping substances and polar plastifiers. In the temperature range of highly elastic state the tube can be turned as a sleeve with a potential for restoring its previous forms and sizes. The second reinforcement layer consists of metal fibres (3) spirally placed over the first layer and opposite to them textile fibres (4) positioned in such a way as to form a reinforcement grid, forming contact points (6) in the place of their intersection. The third adhesive layer (5) ensures the fixation of the reinforcement middle layer to the internal one, as well as its insulation from the external medium with the exception of the contact points and can be executed of material based on polyurethanes, vinyl plastisols or rubber latexes. 3 claims, 2 figures

Description

The invention relates to a tube, an element of a device that is used in medicine, in particular in microsurgery, for diagnosis and treatment, anatomy studies, and for the observation and impact of conditions of objects in restricted and difficult to access areas.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There are various types of catheters, probes and other means of penetration into the various natural cavities of living organisms. The main element in these devices is a tube of varying degrees of flexibility, which by insertion and sliding is inserted and directed between the walls of the natural cavity to the desired location (1,2,3,4 and 5). In most cases, these processes are painful and traumatic, which is why new devices are constantly being created to minimize the side effects.

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Devices are known in which the pipes along their entire length are made of flexible or flexible material. These devices are relatively easy to use in ducts or cavities of simple configuration. In complex configurations, their use is difficult because of their overall flexibility and inability to achieve sufficient torque. This disadvantage is largely eliminated by inserting metal mandrels specially made for the purpose into the wall of the pipe, which can be removed (1) or alternating elastic and rigid sections along the pipe (2) if necessary.

Tubes are known in devices that are made of a material that is hard outside the living organism and at a temperature close to that of the elastic (2).

Pipes are also known in devices where the individual parts of them or other elements, such as nozzles, for example, are made of a material having shape memory - metals (3), (4) or polymers (2).

The disadvantages of these tubes, which are flexible or rigid or combined or programmed to pass from flexible to rigid, are that they are all inserted by sliding into the natural cavities and directed by rotation and can only reduce pain and traumatic effect; and remove them.

It is an object of the invention to provide a composite tube having the ability, by external energy action, to make each section of it controllable from a solid state to a highly elastic state and vice versa. Thanks to this quality, under the influence of mechanical effort, the pipe can turn itself outward and build a channel along a given trajectory. This ensures the painless introduction of monitoring and impact agents into the cavities of living organisms, including those of complex configuration.

Technical nature

It is an object of the invention to provide a tube and composite material for its production that has the ability, in any part of its length, to be controllable from a solid to a highly elastic state and vice versa by means of an energy action, thereby rotates on its own and builds a duplicate channel in the corresponding cavity.

The pipe is made of a three-layer material containing a base layer having a high elasticity temperature range of 35 ° C - 55 ° C, a middle layer (reinforcing and energy-conducting) and an adhesion layer.

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The first layer (base) consists of a vinyl resin based polymer composition or other polar polymer, modifying high molecular weight organic compounds, stabilizers, sliding agents and polar plasticizers.

These mixtures can be extruded into thin-walled products (tubes) with a wall thickness of 250 microns. up to 500 microns having a high elasticity range of 35 ° C to 55 ° C. In this highly elastic state, the tubes can rotate on their own, preserving memory of their former shape and size.

The second layer (reinforcing) consists of spirally spaced metal filaments on the first layer and textile fibers opposite them, so that they form a reinforcing web, forming contact points at the intersection point. The main purpose of metal threads is to bring an electrical impulse to each local section of the pipe along its entire length in order to translate to a highly elastic state. Textile threads are designed to increase the strength of the thin-walled tube and to isolate the metal threads from each other. They can be made of synthetic or artificial fibers or technical silk.

The third (adhesive) layer secures the reinforcing (middle) layer to the inner one as well as isolates it from the external environment except for the contact points. It is characterized by its elasticity and allows both the absorption of the elastic deformations when turning the tube on its own and the sliding of the metal filaments into its volume without destroying it. The latter requirement is imposed by the different linear expansion coefficients of metals and polymers. The adhesive layer must have good adhesion to the base layer and the textile fibers and may be based on polyurethanes, vinyl plastisols or rubber latexes.

The tube is made according to techniques known in the art, including extrusion of a thin-walled tube from a polymer mixture, application of an adhesive liquid layer to a certain thickness, application of a reinforcing layer and gelation of the adhesive layer.

Description of the attached figures

FIG. 1 Introduces the construction of a composite material tube 1,

FIG. 2 Illustrates the mechanism of construction of the duplicate channel in the cavities.

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Examples of implementation

The composite material from which the pipe 1 is constructed (Figure 1) consists of a base layer 2 of a polymer composition comprising polyvinyl chloride (suspension or mass polymer) with a K-value of 54 to 68-100 parts by weight (ppm); stabilizer from the groups of organotin mercaptides or calcium-zinc soaps - from 0.5 to 5 ppm; modifiers that improve the impact resistance and workability of the composition of the groups of methacrylate butadiene styrene copolymers, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers, ethyl vinyl acetate copolymers and others from 0.5 to 15 ppm; External and internal or combined lubricants from the group of montanic or other fatty acids, paraffins, stearins, polyethylene waxes - from 0.2 to 5 ppm and plasticizers authorized for use in the phthalate, sebacinate, adipinate and citrate groups - from 12 to 35 ppm .

The second layer of the composite material is formed by helically spaced metal filaments 3 on the base layer and textile strands 4 opposite them, so that they form a reinforcing web, forming contact points at the point of intersection. The textile filaments are made of technical silk based on of artificial or synthetic materials such as acetate cellulose, polyesters, polyamides and the like.

The third layer 5 of the composite material is based on elastic polyurethane or vinyl plastisols or rubber latex.

The following examples better explain the composition of the polymer composition for building the base layer and determining the property of a controlled temperature transition of the tube from a solid to a highly elastic state.

Example 1 Component Quantity, pt 1. PVC S - 58, M-58 100 2. Octyl tin mercaptide 1.4 3. Methyl methacrylate-butadiene styrene copolymer 4 4. Modifier based on acrylic copolymer 1.2 5. Methyl methacrylate copolymer with styrene 0.8 6. Exterior grease 0.4 7. Internal lubrication 0.8 8. Dioctylphthalate 25

Example 2

Component

l.ITBXS-60, M-60

2. Octyl tin mercaptide

Quantity, pt

100

1.6

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• ·· ♦ 1 ·· • · · • • ·· • ·

3. Methyl methacrylate-butadiene styrene copolymer3

4. Acrylic copolymer based modifier 1.2

5. Methyl methacrylate copolymer with styrene 0.8

6. Exterior grease0.4

7. Internal lubricant0.8

8. Dioctylphthalate30

Example 3

Component Quantity, pt

1. PVC S - 54, M-54100

2. Octyl tin mercaptide 1.5

3. Methyl methacrylate-butadiene styrene copolymer5

4. Acrylic copolymer based modifier 1.2

5. Methyl methacrylate copolymer with styrene 0.8

6. Exterior grease0.4

7. Internal lubricant0.8

8. Dioctylphthalate20

9. Dioctylsebacinate 5

Application and mode of action

The tube 1 according to the invention is intended for incorporation into a device which can bring it to a highly elastic state, guide it along the trajectory of the test cavity and rotate it on its own.

The beginning of the pipe attached to the device as shown in FIG. 2,

is directed into the cavity, a small section of it is brought to a highly elastic state and the section turns itself, after which the energy impulse is terminated and the section hardens. This process is repeated several times with trajectory guidance in the natural cavity to create an artificial channel with solid walls, ending up at the site of the studied object. This avoids the friction between the constructed artificial channel and the walls of the cavity in the living organism, since the forward movement is at the expense of the self-rotating tube inside. In the constructed artificial channel can be transported in practice the means of observation and impact on an object in the cavity without contact with its walls. After completion of the manipulations, the tube is removed as described by turning from the outside to the inside. Due to the shape and size memory, reversing and removing the tube does not cause injury.

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Claims (3)

Patent Claims Composite tube (1) having a base layer (2) based on vinyl resin or other polar polymer, which layer has a high elasticity temperature range of 35 ° C-55 ° C, second, reinforcing and an electrically conductive layer consisting of spirally spaced metal filaments (3) spaced on the first layer and textile strands opposite them (4) forming a reinforcing web and a third adhesive layer (5) connected to the first and fixing reinforcing layer. Composite pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the adhesive layer (5) is greater than the thickness of the metal filaments (3) and less than the thickness of the reinforcing filaments (3) and (4) at the point of intersection where they form contact points (6). 3. Composite material consisting of three layers - a base layer (2) based on a PVC composition, a reinforcing and electrically conductive layer made of metal (3) and textile (4) threads and an outer, adhesive layer based on elastic polyurethane or vinyl plastisol , or rubber latex, characterized in that the base layer (2) is made up of a PVC composition comprising 100 parts of PVC - suspension or mass polymer with K-value from 54 to 68, polymeric modifiers for impact resistance and workability - from 0.5 to 15 Phthalate or sebacenate or adipate or citrate plastics indicators or a combination of them - from 12 to 35 pts.