BE687957A - - Google Patents

Description

  

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  "Asbestos products and their process
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 of preparation "

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 The present invention relates to manufacture. Golden-
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 Asbestos articles, i.e., ozsontiol- '.c. ::. composed of or containing asbestos. The invention is. based on
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 phenomenon of electrophoresis which involves the passage of a direct current, through a dispersion of charged particles
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 electr1qu! It is between soft electrodes, the particles being
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 electrically drawn towards the electrode of the opposite charge,
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 way that they move towards it and settle there.



  One knows, that if a dispersion is subjected to electec- ': .rophol'UÙ. 13) the must reinforce the particles very strong'L <rs; e5. We say that these particles are ùipor! 'J6es CO.O. "., De; .i.C'tv ("' C4t;
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 since one of the properties of the dispersed particles
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 J o '!: Dulemont is that they are charmed so that they can, J as a result, be evenings 3. eltc: rfr.arésc. We Kait, ial. <3ment that fi \ :! 3 three most famous typos i: i3II; IFtIIt $, 'know -ic chrY50tUe, l'rnosite ut 1 craciiow.i.,:, 1 - chrysotile n4ur. tl ''} fcierr, rtt dii3pt3rae col.) aïelt << l 'ea <i fl "and a rt." Iîi. , 05 ('dil' \ pur5inn anionigtie.

   In Here pr,; 5..mt.t; 1;> vcntiPi, 0n taii: (1'1: 'clispursintis fln1oniqIH $ asbestos% ci, UJJ.4:; Setrt.: L name -'- inir cm' "taines i'itrrta of dispersed asbestos ,: ;: ;; not col1o! d ± \ 1I: \ mç.t, ain ;; 1 '\: e d'!. \ l1tre constituents, that is to say diapt.H's (,. 5 cO}) (J'I '< 1 "J.cm \ jnt PI1 sl1H; lt; ... fI, have rn7; trris intimately, <lu1 are not p; w of the a" janto. La; 1 '() prHt6 il1u1sponsaule.that a dispersion must o :: uur for 5n 'arpl1cl \ bllj in the present invention in response to .1' Ó1uctrt.'pho .. r0sc, vst that the fibers of aniinnte, con; taken9 in the dispersion doi, vunt ctr43 ntt.ir6os 610ctriqucrlient vrs 1..1 [. ,, H.; CtroC1e, where a current is leaked through the dispersion. By (Issais, one can easily see whether any given dispersion has this property.

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  Chrysotile asbestos is sold in various qualities and all of these qualities can be dispersed co23o! <In3..nt, Chrysotile asbestos fibers are ch; <re6vn
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 positively, but when we open,> t. tenporre 1 <#x f'i1lrft in water RU Means of tAf (Jnts of dispersion 1.I.nionit! ues (, ar example of soaps) their surfaces become permanently charged {A due to the adsorption of a; layer of negative soap anions). Under) 3 'influence of a continuous cost, the fibers are therefore moving verf
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 the anode.
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  According to the present invention, 3 ,, dir3liersion is passed between two elactrodeu, at the edges dOfIl1ue]] as an electrical potential difference is applied, the constituents are extinguished. a31>; Led to mirror towards the anode, the constituents mir.rant8 (-tant
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 collected, as a deposit, on the anode or on a membrane
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 permeable to ions, interposed on their way to the 8nod, Lnèi5 that the deposit is continuously removed from the structure of the dispersion. The products that can be obtained in this way cosr'ren-
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 emerge from sheets, ribbons and threads, membranes, such
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 that glass cloth, coated or imprth..nÓs of aniiànào and metal wires and other electrically conductive surfaces ruyt-
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 asbestos.
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  It is .. ': cefifitJ1re de fa1rtl pa: on bed dispersion cr.tr ...: the p) ect.rodes, ttt, as soon as we e:': ertu9] e rrGc \\ dice: H.Ù ( jn J'inV1tntlol \,
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 (.t.: dl1. COiltt "'tu"', a1 oh th ':: it. N'!> cula, ijt :: 1 QffMts #. "r. ',"' t # t '=: << i:.



  10C !!) 5 {n, su rr,) d'J16ant, 8tIZ.VILX 'des.' :, J 'fc1 "r () deflJ / 3n' l'vut., ItÉ.,:. Tt xôLi5fai;> nr, d 'nu1nt.t :. la! l'iQte !! "lt, i1 1nv'mt.1on t1e't. i-ÉX't i 5!. 'ti of 3'.rt "' lH ...,; j
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 ï! 'try': t.T'8: 3 .u s.n3 '. L fi !. tlri 3.Ytt tKü'lr'.la'il3l 'e:; .. sllt <iu 1' aiia o Lo ', lHi t'orlllt) clliinq'. ', v (.'a1'i'til fi4! q, 1! fR.ae .. t'i: Tt C'tt Li', '. f' # .: ar. # l3s.s iceux.

   Cn Li ir <>; 14;: vc ", rpr1: u .., 'lu'j] \;:; 1, l'of.lit1ù du prC \ (h11ru due d (' tûD, â =: il3lli. îillt UJW} 'és1nt, 81.CI3 ll. .t3isFiitÎï humidua si éJ ÙVéU, (iUU we saw a high 8% bed of J. taoodoa while he

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 East. still immersed in the dispersion. However, the deposit can be removed from the dispersion on the anode or on the membrane and then either left in place to form a permanent coating on the anode.
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 electrode or membrane, or removed from cello-ai.



   When the deposit is removed from the anode or membrane in the wet state, resistance to wet conditions increases.
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 véue is an extremely irnr, crrt.nt, e property. For the highest humidity resistance, long fibers should be used. Further, it has been found that in order to give high wet strength it is necessary to
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 install a binding agent with asbestos. This a;, enr, binder is not nas
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 required for a reqintance under dry conditions in the final product, as has been shown by the fact that a product obtained with this binder maintains its resistance during the removal of material.
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 organic res, by solvent extraction or by heating to 450 ° C thereof included in the binder.

   This suggests that the very fine and very open asbestos fibrils can give the product strength in dry conditions by irregular arrangement and entanglement, this theory being supported by electron microscopic examination of the deposits.



   It has been found that the fibers are arranged in the direction of flow of the dispersion ut, in particular,
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 any incompletely open beams are arranged parallel to each other. This fact explains
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 a Great difference, which one has observed, in the resistance of asbestos products deposited by electrolytic means at right angles to each other. The resistances
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 are much higher in the ± 1 uiruaiion, the core of continuously deposited material and the coarse fibers are. ulimnées in this direction.

   This alignment is apparently not simply a result of the entrainment or flow movements, since this alignment does not occur in a defect.

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To obtain the binder required for high wet strength, water soluble soap is used as the anionic dispersing agent. During the process by
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 electrophoresis, electrolysis and electroosmosis take place.

   The electrolysis resulted in cations at the anode and an accumulation of acidity, etc. If the anode is not attacked, during the process acids are formed 1, rax 7 lrc by the reaction of the acid obtained with the soap soluble in the solute and this reaction increases the resistance under normal conditions <We obtain a r4rîattince on cviidition8 huinicles M en i> ivJi - lure by another important factor xoioii l 'invuiit, 1 <> n, 1> r =; vç7i r by Itutil, i8ptioti.dttiyi ital as alitide which is attacked during the process because of the action lctro, yt.çua 1-im innn ài ;> s: .. ix From such an anode, rt5al, is-, qt, nt rvt the spvon nj: t7 <1; .iii <3 'water to give a 6iivonknol.iible in 7.' water which ag; ii, coi.itf a binder. Metals which one piérére to use as anode, .snnt.

   I iii- minium and zinc, but it is possible to use 1o nui \ 'r'3e lead or iron.



  When a resistance in humid conditions 61t've not irna ^ tsnte,. '7.; ctrda can 2tra of a n; anière eatisfairrititi ,, by exeniplol, we trample or in carbon which are not attacked to give ions which form insoluble soaps, -
Although the water soluble soaps serve both as dispersing agents and as binding agents, they do not give completely satisfactory dispersions when used as the dispersing agents.



  To form the best dispersion and achieve the highest wet strength, a mixture of soap and another anionic surfactant dispersant is used.
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 for example a7, ky1-ary7 au7.fnate, akyl sulfosuccinate or a heavier sulfated alcohol. A particularly suitable mixture is composed of 6 parts of soaps to 1 part of the other
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 anionic dispersing agent.

   Unless otherwise specified, all
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 4- - '' '' ''18 ¯ft ..... ,, -, ....-... --- "-"' '' '' '' '' '' - ----''-''.....--- 1.- -1 - - -q - ¯¯t

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   The results of electrophoresis are given as follows: Example
Tap water with a hardness of about 1,000 parts
100 ppm, expressed as calcium carbonate (at 60 C)
Chrysotile asbestos (Canadian Cassiar A35, length about 0.77cm) 20 parts
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 Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 1.2 II Soap (sodium salts of fatty acids mixed with long cat) 7 parts If this dispersion is used with an aluminum, zinc or copper anode, the resistance in wet conditions is good.
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 A rair:

  tt1nca under identical dry conditions can be obtained if the anode used is carbon or patina.
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  If IP.1.



  L, 9 d $ spe1-sion contains 2]; of chryso ... tile asbestos fibers (South Ar'r3.ctztt C ut G 3, 1, 1, ôcin) and, il,)) / dioctyl. 8% sodium ilfesuccirinte. This dispersion can be placed on an anode which can be attacked or not and this dispersion must
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 t-be supported Until it is dry. This has the advantage that a deposit is obtained containing only about 5 ', of organic mntiùras,
The proportion of fibers in the dispersion is low,
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 although it may advantageously depend on the length of the fibers. With long fibers, such as Canadian Cassiar A35, the proportion d. fibers in the dispersion can be about 0.5 to 5%.

   With very short fibers, such as Canadian Bell.s F7M (length about 0.05cm), the proportion of fibers can reach-
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 dre 15> ,, and it is preferably at least 7.;,:,
There is an optimum pH of the dispersion for each anode mast; thus it may be necessary to adjust the
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 pH of the dispersions, exsplied 1. and 2, to obtain a satisfactory deposit on certain anodes.
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  1. "dispersion should not consist of the i * arm of a'niante.mis p.ut8t of one or more constituents, do

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 EMI7.1
 fl '' '(3 ";? é: lt; r == ty" .11tl': t.J'iC; / hJ ': 11':! <, 6a r ET ",: = r dtS! 1 ( ! t'U, JOf3, 'lui puuvunt Qtr <3 1 \: Dlu.'. cnt .. '"': ± 3lti: i <lt <n5 1 ;, t.É'1, .t" f! 5d 'y 1,:; t:; i'r'p':;, 1; 1, j s- 811 (, 1. i; 1 13i 1 '.l,; (' t.:,)r ;: (. \ ": re" Vf, 'i; 1.; r é.1: 2 Gi n' ...: -. 1 .; Ilj '' 'J. I, dispcrsion pvut. tatlttsüs't un p. y'1.icuJir! r, t, 1.1 liver f3,. :: fibers I,} n FS n:; 'tt t.fi Ç,.' În "yi (, iS, l ti lit. (1:. .g!,> Jt cuJ.ùs (; 'a: ../. t,: t ": l'l; 1 poJ J ,,;' :; 1'i. 1 pronort,:,. 1Gn GVS P "" 1.icrlJ.:. Said pol y .ii: 1 u p1311L vi! Â'J.f '. Of a xa.i.li "c strong rHt.jt, b a ttn.Ttu t, i" 4r lr,: '1) rtflIt.
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  1) 0,.: 3 rr'nduit, 5. ', It.:r'tl,.,.k:3't32iltlil "11'r,. (Tt" .ta J!, .. J'>, xç; .., j, j ,, ¯, y dt1; Joints.p'lU ... ,, \ r, 1. nt.! 'IJ obtained! 1;'} "a d0fat H1Ír.IJ) tftf \ t fiitt: 3.iivt. '. "e" 1. d'u) t0 & out.ch <' tuc 1 \ 11 ;; JLnu: it. '' iaît3 or; s.jt'.sw1'1! .f ' Ilt <tl '"?"' .T, ttt :: s! Jt r.; Ut ob1.Qtdr ti 1'11; 1.1 '.:' CUip (jniV1. ') N :, 7tl!' F; l " f; i 1 Véx.ïdl'S: t Ç. ::, s! t, 'i 1 t;,: prtr If!:. ç ",. Sl'; ll) 1.tI \ (; 'n" 1i imtu t3 'of a' iÎf: .lEtxsui't .: '.f ".r6":; s''es, dj'd's- "x.



  :: '! 1:) tJlt,.; L1r': p: '. 1:,:. \.! (.,!.: NI; t: rtat 4tlàruGa, .. ß; "', XV: Il < 1 .. ::. I dtj j, nJ.% Uiùi ,,; s tElr)} "1'ti7i.t", is lesil 1. ::,: ili 4'R! Rl: Si; r: n, .'ut (;:, (, '1'1.': ";. <, j, j <i; 1, <; ..> :, i, *,., r; dt, vCl'f10 ( it.ld> J .: hHtl'di..ti,:, \ IP10J / I;.,; ttt¯ <1 ,, t.tr.'iaj, tt3 t: i'toc 'l irUQ ut, llt. SSéi: # t7..ttii ": 7Sil. ^ .. And) i'Ué't9 Ît" tt fJ-'i 1: / V l.! L; J 1) 1 rj., Ï.: '1, h; tl '! lfJ,!;., 1 / ",!' <, ypn9) f '" ir. "\ {,:;," t <q1.rttt: "' t. di '' '' ' ':"not'.'. i.i '"icfliyt3'. d 't? at.5'r! Erii9, J -:'. ie ;. '344Î vl.":!, d'l t. i. ': r'IAa'ri.i "ii.: lt1 t.4'tnf. r"!' 'ttyfi! d f '! 1'tvfajZ.t.' , # <1 1'01; r.t, ''. L''e ,, 1, which ".t, yrlt. 1'I": '.. ,, l,;:; . J 1 {1.; 011 '' ':) !. "" "; 1 ', 8l; ttt. 1 <.i; u $ v.n1.et: i? I L' 1. <ii:; j>; r: <1 <; ii CO nt, 1.1) 111 ..,: .i, riix> 's, jii Stii "t,' tjf '2, du 4'11', '\ 3 SiFs: .i.: L3t.L3 ehrynn1,11ldG;' I.ndi: }.

   Gr,: 1iJr A35) 1,., '<1> J chloruru du polyvlliyJ 0 n, J> .y <il ,, fi?! Or !! , '<; , #. ii .; da 1. t lX H, 1. ';; (,: 4 = 1 lj 1 2 ,. t13, j ', H1:' (;: 1, r <iia .., i,> iitt "td1't: âtn" t 41: t1d 1 t ;.



  C.I ', 1) "' i :: i.%, 1. \ 011 (Lxrslrt: 2 it un i1" Wi. A <>: # <,. <I ;;, i = ': JV11' " n J / t 'df [' it'rI1, .J ../ '} 1:, .. 1LSIx'tt' ': .... t.! {, 1 / v1; yJf: ;;; n; ...,. ,,,,,;; ': Xf1 .1 "i; fi4"' l'l.QIt.it6 to <iiiiv:. <L,> r; t, u du Ct) Jot "urH da pôlyvinylo 5t roiuj> 1 <, c <; v; "'-' 1 'nu:." yL .'- t .:' f2in..r <'t.:' ylntj f; st rtA-, t! t1 e., j nr1 'ei: .. vt, t3rü. a 'Ff'irti't t, ja3 i' l. i; 1:> t.ii> .i <, <. a cI)!. <,,; 'Jt1tHIH hurll1.d,:, t''lh1l) u; ,, i, j

 <Desc / Clms Page number 8>

 
 EMI8.1
 du bc-nnu 1 "t S v" l, icfli: G 'en cunditions' 1'ch,.: s. Pou '"celô gold, must 0VlICUV1' cr; diJpf \ t of the dispersion:; ur UhlJ r'I.ïitÎtâ or on a C.lr.l '
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 continuous support.
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  1.; xor (',) Lu tLn4r.on cont.1ont, Qxr'Jl'i:. (S in poias: 5.:d fiber dar, ai4ne chrysotj h (Canüdia.n Bells C5R.



  Ion u'iur éll'prlixim.1.ivû ù.) 0> l sùài) 20, 'de pOlyt (.tl'EIf J ortthyln {r.:, 1Ut:' 51 <ii ;; n formEl, 1 <> FÂ-1.3tblryl'.aJ.li. (0, 5µ 'of the dionty] ;; rl.'c: F.ccincr,:, dm s <: 4iur <.
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  L dlopo1'silJU <lonri <, due rà4 81x coi; <, à; ii; <.àt, irott; J; of a,; 1.-nt.1>, 4y 'do pplyt ..' <. r.f '! uf.r' '' 'thy' '. *! <at .i; ' .i ': .i> t, -;. =; ; > ;; '<t, 1 "1; .s (\ 1' -... i; u ', G., n .1,' pfi;., a .r; '.: i:! u; .rt''3r't. 'ti ..' r i ..: iiiar :;. A r '-'! "-!" 1:> cottù fifl.im, ;;> ni <, nr,! tt ) b! 'Ju! .t.uit .i,'> iô +;. y.- rt 'u. 1> 1,; <; ii.; b ";: 1 #i ir ;; !. 'n ccn'.irions xùi; h .v> i, ii> is i'; iiLla ,, ii cenuitini; a hu:!:!. 'J; 3,.;. ! '' or.!: 'col.n we must lvHcu {Jr l u <1 ±; iôt-; iv lii dl! .purf0i: nut *; ii; aii <;. i, i nu
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 , giir un; .u, r r; u! .nrt. Ctînt, inH.
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  1 ,,: x (1;:} r \ rt; i "" n! 1 yr = '. ":::' tré, y, ttvf '; ,, 03 tl' ince â.tt't IS1.! fii t # <ii> r c1t '[:' u'4.r'1 CHlfA: t 'i!' f! 1 "it!} ri; r. t" ""! 101 '1 qu P, 1H \ tt'.Hrr.



  't3a..4 "^' t'tjts'" Fn .; 01.1; ; aih; <1.1.ex r.i, t: tiiaiZ '. : i .. 'i. "t.fl't, .fa, I! <j <ii;' 0" '"go t..l'a; 161> az" <>. : ü.; j t ': it3 :: G fi "l' v: tt I3xü.s: iC 'HI; u.i {uc; 1: .r J.u1
 EMI8.7
 fibro3 <14yfi; 3.1,> ù, i? 'f vXf, I'.: lul3 d'j pJrt, lc> il. <> S C'J J o't (jr.1Í.! ''; 1I1. '<in- PU1'SitbJu $ fl \, 'Of!,>! J1! Tu,: o \ 1t.: R are. Mon 3uiGr.! SM: bc: nr.ooitE.,.; R,; - i'1 :, si lice t.) T graphite co11 o'tdals. The t3f :: t r; ttfz .z.vra; z. ';: ut. e,: r ;;; ea; .ent d'j d1:; porslon, ùj en elle ne nrf, E3u3: e ptS una dispsri.rn cal7.od a ati i'ai: antu in the absence of 'a: at, r:; r: n of dispcpsion.

   An example is given below: I: xc; rfl e 6 La (lipr: 3ion contains ôxpï'i "t! S a weight 4 of tt:! Nton1tu 3d 'of am1unto chrysoMIe fiber 0, .5 ; 4 sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinatu

 <Desc / Clms Page number 9>

 
 EMI9.1
 do i, .f, 3.3, .éâ: 'e: t, â. .i-. xd: '11l'1: j11 (';; ', t "' i i-3> J '1)' '.: i..Îf:' <J) ;, lJrJ: 4 le gt41> 1" 1 ;, ti e ,: '"s>: n'l' ':' JJ, ': I, Hit.!' 0;) 1: i.l'k'à-.". ",; - ',; i:;:.; i :.: \ .1 product." i4 <fs ..',;, t: J;,) t 1. t tn \ ,,;, t: nr. i ;: * ¯%,:. i ±; 1;.;:. 4: ssâ b1S; i '::. Si' y: laSn, e rorn1m \; nt d {:. 11 4rj, tia ',,., 1., [. T: t ",,) \> it, :. <: µ¯ ea: r., j; <x; â, 3 ... ';.' lt.i \ 1t en, ï11 Lh:: '; r.! pl! it <.: 1, $ l "'W ..râ' .. fe. of ui ;; Ew; i1l ':'. I. # .. 1. ,, ") riâ% t, .i" .. I;.: S, zsit, n:) 1,1'1)
 EMI9.2
 will add jt .1.î3 ulspcrsiol, from .i. fi3CGIi ;? i ... a tiLéi.s! tl. $ ...: a Ttë'anj.auc de <: nitu.; 3> n; z <1.i:, <.; ¯i ± c is' surprising.

   By t! X6, .plG, we can add 1 <1 ", U.13.rH: r: J.ç! H 1.11) ..;, yo 1, 20 parts 4ii weight <1; fibers i.i9 * VCl'l'u s.e'.six, 'J: (jJ;'! I ;: du! H;, 111'.ln 'Ys.iu, weighs of 0.64ci of lou:;. In rest [ ::. 5nÓréAla des 4d., A't: lE, 9: i du a, .iit, a .. #. U.'Tl can tt:> e 4lir ai by ùus fibers cwx; r: e.ft: :, ot.a.ra.i.: zt (1U. emigrate under the action of 3'.crcapi; ar ::, som, 1, I.îc:> .. = wi.j fiber; de verro ( under 'orxo dru tnùches couples), wool dù 1,.;. j, t.Î.'., P {! i, asbestos fibroc di3, "J! 'cs non col.aàa5, ofr; tW, oï .? ow quu ri.; ,,: à? ib.ia ii of amosi% e or crocidolite or niteie of chry; otl-1t.



  If we could pass In mav <14.i: p; i'rJ:> n several times between the electrodes or if we do so. pass tr '$ lùr; iemiu 11 l ,,; l1iil'1 .; 1. '' ;; electrodes, the process must obviously 5 'stop' at the moment where t: = 5 :, the asbestos in the dispersion co !!! pri!: Q between the c '', oczs: it c t, {. ; ié..w posed, but, in practice, it was found that u: 1 deposit, Jaiisl ';; ii; aixi c <àii:, i before this point was reached; we then obtain pl "odu.U.:. r. do quality in1'ér1I ;;! uro. For example, a satisfactory deposit. c, !!,; when only about 60Í. ' fibers of the diijiir #; 1, vti 1n1 l:, irÙ t: 7t "! t (> deposited and thus there could be a-,! fHl'i'Ju. $ 1) pùri-e it; anf. c9 x,;.



  In order to remove this Lr i '; H p.t'dér inÜ'u cil' '' 'continue the disp \ Jrsion to truV0: t'S iiii l' ..: rvoi1 '! J:' le l'Qin '"plir pi: 2'OCl'.Li't.l4: f'ildlti'.! '1I COl1t.inu (: llomont. On tJffl; C1JlH) lu kt.; s: d) ± 3" s: " sai "'enement en asbestos suiw <nt a debit $ ubstúntieJ, J. (>; d1t 1'. '0hl <..: that it of the deposit had the D.mi14tede municro that there is G4,> to :; <1 1) P l ('Y .. <the to: nàrin = te and that there is pMi (the losses,,: e, k. ±' for the cy;,. ol : t '... H>; 1;, (l1 dnne
 EMI9.3
 .the appliance when the procedure is stopped,
 EMI9.4
 When we have it, circulate and when x, zt, 5.a..1-; n li;

   dispersion, 1 t) "PPl'Qvj, ic.rm \ .imoJnt of the reservoir, iâ, Lv .." kCÎ "sa S: w.Â: âï wit'sué''r. to determine 1 & contents of the ùi; px: .ok iet for: "'; na, ua la

 <Desc / Clms Page number 10>

 
 EMI10.1
 l.çrqu '.;), 11 done. cirçu1.vr 'âvN lor> that iJâs' # ", t V 1.'râAiÂï: .1 dicpuï-aion, wrlelF YxAa.dÂSIP'Îi4HAA1F du ... aaf'vo1r offers 1 occasion s, St.futHl fear uetur., .-, 4nui, read content of the dispersion.;. Il to shed the * '"," s': p3? Y, si.laZtx:,:.' : .i'srt In pr1: .lt1 (ulJ, la 1; /> côssilô de r4a.provisiàrtnu: àéni can. saving t; "1j: j6tt'min'e visu 1l-ce;, JG% * Asbestos And; .fi.pt, 'î.dv: .ittl ;; r, ..' 3.a3 4 "?: I :: ', in't'ï the most .'ß4X" rlâ' of the ï * ir? 2; 2 rél.l) provilonner..l ... 1.i à'as% r,; J con; 3tltumt $> on% éjalcxorii COn30r, mtf. $ during the prows =: a by Glectrophorè; ; e ut. the r.sapprovi3ionr '<J; rt, m .. must.;

  galo [.1cnt allow los yetriplâcer ',., iQn.On the course of 1'61o; .ct, ro'phor \.:; E! 1 pH of the dispersion auûnt-e because the cl4î "of hydrosne la cathode vt ', removal of the acid from the dup8t has resulted in an increase in the concentration of hdrrxyl3 ions in the dispersion. The replenishment of the aminate dispersion must therefore include the addition of acid to maintain, sugstance, the pH of the dispersion constant:. If acid is not added, satisfactory deposition will not continue eventually.
 EMI10.2
 



  In order to er, ipnchol 'the contamination of the sàsr er. In addition to gas bubbles given off at the cathode, it is often preferable to cover the cathode with a membrane, for example a nylon cloth, which is prmable to ions, but not to gas bubbles. This cathode memerane separates the liquid around the cathode from the remainder of the dispersion between the electrodes, and when the dispersion is circulated, it is advantageous to prevent this cathode liquid from entering the dispersion, since the removal of cathode fluid, which is alkaline, reduces
 EMI10.3
 con3îdèrabl (j, nunt the increase or pH of the liquid.



  The dispersion aseni is removed from the dispersion by the deposition during the lactrophorcse process, in particular, when the anode consists of a metal which dissolves during the process and when the dispersion contains a soap, Since the soap then reacts with the dissolved metal to form an organic binder. The dispersing agent is also carried from the dispersion into whatever cathode liquid is removed.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 11>

 
 EMI11.1
 



  1µàj2iàË,% 1 "... ¯ .ta '.. n <' '' !:} i.n1 ;; it: j,: ..; =; <.; L = .. d.ii <1, :: 1, =., ;;.: '-5,.:; ....; t :: Ot1 i.! ²; \: - oZ 1. ",: ... 1:' ²J .r as. '.;' S éJJfw Ëà-, .. 'ut.,.:' ¯3 = .. x; P "!.; + :. ±: 1" t ;; -, PßlHi {} n) t1 ) .. t; f} 1 .ln .. f:; jH '"t, J ,,,. \ :, If; t,: 1 1j-'t': .. J.1t-r. .. .., 4> rw ¯ ...;. =. =. Az y '"": Ar \ pt1 (' vi $ ir.: H '-': "J \ -iL1 li: '<;.; 5 / j,; '> t! S¯. y jjii E ....' 4 '. .i.-¯W,' ,. 5¯C "..;!, jji + à11 dn! Á;" #. . '.? ...-.' un.:<r'';- Ut. c # 6? ¯ ".., n: .. '"' .. "'' -: 1 q" l 'le = .: # :, N'g> 11 P1 /. 0tt .;: ';: l-;' r -? '' "- 'i # --''- 3s.'.?: L !., ' gj.pb ^ .; iF .h '¯3.



  . eioi = 1 <. Ôtas iu, b'.ee4iAP \ 't> 4.'f idl d: xP.r :: É9îr%;' - i'6f 'C.vs' ..,': # 1. ¯ .., <¯ ¯ é .. # l4.fī x''ilâS: un: j:, VV4 r.) \ T a (. '' X: c. ',. L! N1 !, ±. :(. F; U f .1J:;]: .. <. J!,. 1tîͯ: c '- :, j). Ast d in-, 11 \ U (;;' li-! ' t éwl% 1 ... 5 "i, iiS3 1; ù.àlivn, UM fiàl: 1>: '1. ;; i: $, ¯'", << "¯ .... f, f- î¯ <mant Séii:; d4Ra: a .i, 'o "' ç, <\ 1.ti l:; Í)." '"J 1 ï3é ..: v' ': k' iN3.". ' .; âi.f. ': ¯ 4',: oon.tituant.c: ..: 1 - ': - i},. ;;; v $; SLrI.'rr qim <.1, t ç3â. 4 % .dW 9 ^ ". 'ae5 C9' é. k '.>"., .we., L ..); t: -m? 4Î 5ā C & 2fiT-0i 5 <; ii ;.}' t ;; 't;;. "('." 1 iolnú D,: t; .4? ..ç: r; "? (; 'yx" 1 ";. (:' .: t: '. \ i 1 {. '-.-'; 1,: i, '1' 1¯ ",. '.; .. we found qi; <.; the' t.1proviiot.rU! Il \: üt t11 '<a :, â '! ¯ <i ,,; 1¯ .. r 1. <i>. to ux \) plus a; xaT "tè6" 7 ::. E'i.r quet.;:.; cO: r.pt'0; .i '# i, j; i> 1;> j 10 [. "to:.' t, tt.:, ït '> :: rô'-¯ relijt1v (;

   af; r: .i (1t, c \ i: 'C du xfné, il!' fGi r66i1t .... y.ti: "ét.a .5.t fd, .s9? j ':.,. r '. intialû.



  We rut iï C, :: d'3. ', I.l%: 1' le rûttl-> trQvit;: 1'.tnnvlI, ell't. > l'Fai '"" 1rlt ..¯ .. # porsion,:, 1.i: r (). , 3; ": i'ci tt: 'Kr31, jiàé,; i s .. ri ev; j = 1.j; j;, ;;, j¯ <.; j;.: L¯;.; 1 ;: ¯ ..; cvmro5iti .; qu <} 1;.: T.: ;; = Gaa ",., '' T, lZ.:, At; .luc de 1: ...; .t" t . ';' r ': ¯ "?, t' :, '.'as: 4p HJ in 1 ttDCl. \!': 1ir) i xura here", r, i:. '; "; 3i. $'; Ü '11 -?:; 'LÀt \) r ft11.- i = <# = <1 ;;. L, ijg e. is¯ = ¯s àitcc (upnlf: '.; ntili1t; Jf.; ir ... Ct3l ..'-: u'wâÏ.i :: y :; .çbl.,: ,,' iv: - .. : - :: '. y ... fs, .j3.ip {.} 4.' QÙW =; UX-Cl.

   HU:; j: l, l [to # iit y'F4N1.u4iiia '-iu!);)? Jl, (,. tiHl' l1q ''. It, 'fl -' 11, = arecs 3!, 4bâfF .elNSaFk 6;,. F; GU; "';' -su çi * .ocì; 5 {J t! 1t; t.; J'tJr; 11Vt% \:.:.! tu4 ', .t' P :. ir:; 4 -; '' '1; Vi, ài <lr: ai1': ix Ys-t7lu; tiF-AiÎik hVtJC iAwlS Cl);.: 1t! - 1.:..;J; ;: The 'AR i "': '.' :. ' ','. NC¯7 y1ijpu "tJul" 1;> \,.: \ LJ \ -J. we i <1 <iùnE cireult-f 1 <qj¯: ;;, '<ot) L: i; .13 Ùt \; ..! 1t cu1t which C <: i; Ljl :: x ::. inu OR 73.3: .P; 1: 8.> - x. '. T.is!; Y .., J' ..; ? ².c1 $ !. '¯: -t: 3i ": aiâ # i ;; ¯ doi'it; n1.t t'9f' \ j J" r - \; \: t; for 31,; <3'â: aj 5 '\' '"¯G"! t,>.; -,' ¯.iâ, n¯ ,.



  '$ ç'çènlXiß.1! i3taÎikl, 2 nrR: ye.td '? 3F.i d (') lH1 'u \. 1.>.:. <s.ī =: i>, ;; = :, 1 ,,:,; ': we.i :. P. a>? Iiy5 .. $% nR le n; bs ti0.'i: Afl.! 'A ffwi'F1, "r .. O # j \; nJ-r # 1,, r,:>: p..S9x'E! n¯r \ {H) d. ". 1t..f ,, ÇI, ç.:. YpG:;: a.! âii, '.zx'ii'sd ;;:', 1 llt): dl ... rll. Í â, dt 0.:airt 13 '"tt'.; '.'-. J ... r';" i? <; 1; .. :: ilx ', ai = +, sx, A9tf.r . rs, ât..fi.ie ,, A3 '"S .ir = JSPP. # 6'x" -. 4.bfâ ol'J5: di.lu .çw'.3ia.-'. '':; - ; <.; ''. '. L'MC ip; 3j.'xH5 il "" il> 1 y7: edliì U .:;: \. I ".an s'rç.iS'.i.3'ei; i' vh'a., o., B. '3 jjjài; y. ¯): j¯irn ...', 'W rA -.> .-.> 3w L'oLivi.i = Lu> Lt5> .. af: .. '. iâY> '13 di \;) ,, riQn <"9a.g zj¯1 ,,., ;; : ï S '3i P: ya,, j:., iz> ,,;

 <Desc / Clms Page number 12>

 
 EMI12.1
 y.; i; ài; gioenij '.' qujx # t # d ut:

   y'fooui '.'.'- ii.>. has not: .ii.iaiii <; ôo .'eHsM; j; .jiji g; jcj, ôt, ç.iii.> ro "> at, jq .. ; i = rit dX at 1.1 qua; 'Ai &' '- # 1' oei> 1 ">; àli% 6; f, jE'àt, lEi Qi n'importa, iia;? ¯ i,; g; .ù.; ai ,, ç;: j,;. i.i copc "é" 12i. <= Ù.É,:> i:, ...- il: 4 Àù.l & 1) llUi; ij'É =; d 'nt1il \ trJ! t. >; :) 1: <.., .. ,,. ... <,,.:! J -;. ;; r: 1't \ .: r = Ei.:.: Il ,,, # .. ¯ <jg, qU'UHC p eb À. 1 d. >;, r,>:> <; g,. µ, j # ... i J. ';:' -. H 3 #: "==:? # É lj jiï; c toÎ?" to 3 1: Îl z: ài ity '' tU't ') ..j das 1 .: i <ixj>; ri.i <Ji: t ".... '.;.-.-. ±' ii.r;> t; =; .. i:> 1. i <> i, 1: z ;; 1; n'i #:> j> é> i, = J; .. 4; à; 1, n1.) ffiûn't, à .Ji = g> ïiéà. ,;:. l # p ''. ' ; 1; '' js ìh> =., Z>,: .ltùjl = 1 fit ... t.ea - .; un y.il'i'igjiià: j,; QL fur ?. ùj.s: 1 : Cloe i ;; 5.; A TJ1àt ii.t.;:

   = 31i ', TàiRà'à uS px * 1,) S .j'àt> i, u; j di, sp + -z.] C + ill.t Yrd ..?. C,;.,: Ii +> a fJnù ùi: ± p.; i If <o>;. c-u.ffisf.n & e de consti '& uûnt.j = jsa = àL .... i ::; r.;, 4: #:, j.>: ai.é.5 u4; q; àalit; ± do 'apriion'-' nûûMpu Qi,>. 'o c-br.'. u noi ';;: iileni.9. "> at p? 1 island of the ci; 1.lé- <: 1 by a svule por11p ce <.Il., P. # Tàiot;,]) a> '31 ± 03 ± v>] <é a ii #? Li]> C ccm .; '. ". fua, aai8 ii on xi.2 uixo #li;> ;;, n; = ion plus'? o..pl & t.oo: i peu'c. m,> àztru
 EMI12.2
 î5n Jério a certain r:;>; ùi; re du i;.> Jn: p <= do di ::;:; "JI'zion ùéHUi lu t: .ir-
 EMI12.3
 cooked.
 EMI12.4
 



  Read circuit, in which the const-ktuart * 4 @ s of rJappro "visionnumenu njow ...: $ are disper: és, pl.Íut understand the, po =: =: i: jtp between t'Ill uetro, - ', have it usually been better to establish a more erzindu speed by the pump or the populations of dispersion than between the lcs.roù'.sn. Ai: ni, d; .1r. The goal of é? Jioeror la nécuixii, à au G> /, ioir uiilixor. <ii:;> punpii xij:> j> 11; 1 #> e = .; airi =; i m. ': part of 1; 4 uis'ï'sion < àr; 1 = z.>;:% ù pu îirù ii.r = li end elï'eui, du oiprsiott! .1, l el-ii4, m <v la or iilx poMpos Mt- çJijazée nt-x 'lus lucî .rod'j :, lii i'or ;;! u au à '<> iio, 1.> on 1: ,, quel.l <lu a = ip2;%:' zri #, d4 "p, ewi àu prou! to> i; r <. <i:.; iô.

   J. ": Aoi: v 1; ce * 21x + a (the To; .ri <uur wanted fear ibim> ii 1 uuu .Ct.ill's nn a 1.ai:i= ;, ..to ;, iii ;: 1 ;;>; iw.Jj;, i, s 10
 EMI12.5
 L, at ià-1 tut, l '/) Ü' ;; \ 1fJ:; I.1. (R. Out produce at .l '' '.. <cf':. De, i: i; sj ÒUli , àiiàbio '. <u' 1 =: 1: '1> ôù siu s'lJf'tctUt .: ijl <.>' Il # ï JI <,, Î,; 1 "i'é: ùw ci l '410csr ;> Jv ù; t: a%,: a fv! '' .: of the product +1,: aà.i: #. I>;.:;: ,, the 1:,> #, j <, = z; - Ç> here> 4r Uh C <bfis #. Ét, i'ài, Jt> 'Jii x' # '.;.'. Mtt == en * .1.1 "> to, 1; '.;. . <tr .... faccs ..



  Pr.;, <Ei <: j> ie> o; i pvùt; ; t, i ;;;, <:> ,; 1; <ix =; > yarn <# '# 1é> #. * u, +.>; <.'. <,,; <,. ':. la;, r;., i, g * # ìon du ria e.1ij ruiai <, àak; z un à'iiù>; ,, ùi + ts <<; there burfac-j of a larger non-conuuctive sheet ut usinur uvkuulte ones, ôi.; llo

 <Desc / Clms Page number 13>

 very thin) a suitable non-conductive material being polymethyl methacrylate. However, if the plate has two flat conductive surfaces and if it is located between two cathodes or in an enveloping cathode, a swirl or a ribbon can be obtained simultaneously on both surfaces.



   A particularly suitable anode is a rotating cylinder.



   If the deposit has not obtained sufficient resistance under wet conditions to be removed without breaking, it can be formed on a flexible strip which may be a membrane which moves on the face of the anode, for example around of a rotating anode, or capable of being metal and constituting aissi the anode.



   The invention is useful in the production of fila.



  These can easily be obtained by twisting tape made either in tape form or by splitting larger hardwoods.



     Once the wet deposit has been removed from dispersion, it is generally not necessary to subject it to any special treatment if it has high strength in wet conditions, since this strength will be maintained during drying. Drying can be carried out normally in air, even when the deposit is rolled up, or the drying can be accelerated by the application of heating.

   Similarly, special treatment is not necessary if the deposit is intended to form a permanent coating on an electrode or membrane. If, however, the deposit has poor wet strength it is preferable to heat it so that it can be dried when it is removed from the dispersion.



   Some devices that can be used, according to the implementation of the present invention, are shown schematically in Figures 1 and 3 to 5 of the accompanying drawings, the fi, ure being

 <Desc / Clms Page number 14>

 
 EMI14.1
 a noh4: ". an explanatory or oraigraBURC. In the sound apparatus in figure 1 a container 1
 EMI14.2
 the $ 5t:; r.blant to a box is formed of an anode 2 in aluminum and a cathode 3 in aluminum separated by insulating blocks 4
 EMI14.3
 and 5. The base of the container, formed nin6i, consists of a block 6 having a central cavity 7 into which terminates a supply pipe 8 and from which a series of passage pipes 9 extends to the bottom. inside the container.

   The cavity in this block is closed by a door 10 which can be removed in order to clean the cavity,
At the upper edge the cathode is forced to give
 EMI14.4
 an overflow weir 11 and the anodo is tor.nêeido similar way, to give an overflow weir 12.
 EMI14.5
 13 Ut 14 are provided for electrical connections to the anode and to the cathode.



   During the treatments, the dispersion is pumped by the
 EMI14.6
 con'tUit.e dtatiienea, it rises through the passage pipes of the receptacle and passes through the anode and cathode, asbestos being deposited on the anode. Say that the in 15, is sufficient.4pais for ûuï'e Manipula, 1 upper edge uc this one is raised 1> 1. \ main ut .Ü'6 vej 'the 11 <? U1 on a ro, Ùotu 10 it under a scraper 17 uttotitcliouc. Co ùopûi esi-, 1 <ncné du ou :! C: .1U 16 under a ri; 1.i: ai: 3t 'w ;, <> ;; r; i> Jl.> F: ur' 1. \,) Lui-c: J .. The re. uJ <; 11 \. 1 M -. s ,, [çtiomi1
 EMI14.7
 p? r s': 42: ,,; rI1 r 1 a 1 ,. ') idta.lHJ.Hirlt, r;' armG llh i> r.i; 1 # at 19 t.ra? .i popi-. t1vf.:.: "P ..: '; tt \ .;' t 1: r ')' \;" \ U '\ OPOJl: tt-'m; ?: 4 ...:; C.'ia i: i! '' =)? "T? I" .112G bzz qui r "HVt: n1 's' L'r '/.Jt.v / ::; it !.' : t.nt..o1 () n ..1 \ .. "1" j ;;; 1 ;;; cui> (.0 3: .1.



  , its 3,; . ;.,, .,he , :; -Nr yj js, 1! Dl 1.tH! T, 3) (; t ... ':,' .7. (1., T ') n t .. ") lt t. (;:': :) S '".;: ..;,. <V: 2i ..":' 1 11: 'g; i13?,; ..IthCl3.wélt'illr this anode remains
 EMI14.8
 1, SI111ç,? \ TLkCi, 1 The dispersion flows through the (lv \ 3rs <} ir 11 and the acid through the weir 12.



   If the dispersion of Example 1 is passed through
 EMI14.9
 the apparatus shown in figure 1, - t if one, spïiù uh current, direct of 100 volts to the boxes of the electrodes pgar obtain a current of 1 m about ô amplrus one can remove an anode deposit at a vi-

 <Desc / Clms Page number 15>

 toss of 2.54 cm / sec. to obtain a paper with a thickness
 EMI15.1
 0.0038cm-0, U05cm after drying. The tensile strength of a sample of this paper, calculated in the direction of paper travel, was found to be 893g per cm of width.



   It should be realized that a layer of the acid liquid is continuously formed between the deposit and the anode. If this acid is allowed to enter the body of the idsparsion between the electrodes, it will react with the dispersion and form a (it
 EMI15.2
 will seriously interfere with a cut-off tra1tomont. fi. less that the dispersion is caused to circulate ot s <> 15 r <àpi; rovisionn01 when performing the pi, oc / d6 in the apparatus showed Ú lit fiurn 1;

   it is highly desirable to prevent the acid from escaping from the part between the deposit and the anode and this is done by
 EMI15.3
 made by the d6n8t him '<' m3fao, le8 borde de Ut. contract. with the insulating blocks 4 and 5, form a watertight seal to the a <; iG; Unless the dispersion is free to circulate and is replenished, it is not possible to deposit all the fibers in the excursion and the ddp8t becomes leaner, as the concentration of the dispersion decreases due to the de-
 EMI15.4
 fiber pot. It is therefore necessary to) restrict the length of the anode to a length which purmut an ouffi deposit.



  , strong branch to be able to remove it easily. As I;, IXQltlplo, the anodo shown in Figure 1 may have a length of 20.32cm,
 EMI15.5
 when the processing conditions are those specified above Figure 2 is a flow diagram of an apparatus in the
 EMI15.6
 which the dispersion is circulated and replenished.



  In coeor-éani, raiiuuo we find ui main tank 21cont <fnont a large volume of dispersion, a centrifugal pump 22 for pump.
 EMI15.7
 the dispersion in a circuit 23 and a p0t! ip <'24 to draw out a part of 1 ... di6PQrsion ut to pass it through a rôcipi,; i, u 2j containing two electrodes, This receptacle can hearth, uxu, .til )the,

 <Desc / Clms Page number 16>

 the container 1 of figure 1.

   After the dispersion has passed between the electrodes, it flows downwards through a descent 26 having a fairly steep slope near the container, but which has an extension 27 having a very slight slope and leading to the upper part of the tank 21 The entrainment of air into the dispersion should be kept throughout to a minimum by preventing turbulent flow where possible and because of this the extension has only a very low slope. .



   The preferred embodiment of the container containing the 2 electrodes, shown in figure 2, is shown in figure 3.



  In this embodiment, a cylindrical anode 72, having terminal discs 3 of insulating material, included in an open box 74, is rotatably mounted above a tank formed by a curved cathode 75. A supply tank 76 extends through the top of the box immediately above an edge 85 of the cathode and this tank contains a screen 78 inclined above a supply pipe 77. The dispersion supplied to the supply pipe 77 by the pump 24, at a regular rate, flows around the lower edge of the screen 76, and then above the latter and above a weir 87) formed by the edge of this screen , in the space between the anode and the cathode.

   Current is applied to the anode by carrier devices 79 provided with electrical connections and to the cathode by a contact 80, and a certain amount of asbestos in the dispersion between the anode and the cathode is deposited in the form of a. foil 61 onto the anode, while the excess dispersion flows over a weir 82, formed by the edge of the cathode, and along a descent 83. Once an appreciable deposit s 'is formed on the anode one can take its end and pull the deposit slowly upwards. Hereinafter, the sheet material is slowly and continuously pulled upwards, this movement causing the anode to rotate and thus present: a continuously renewed surface to the dispersion.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 17>

 



   Acid formed in the V-shaped space between the upward moving deposit and the anode is allowed to flow around the edges of the deposit in the excess dispersion flowing over deservoir 82. This acid causes some coagulation of the dispersion, but the lumps thus formed are dispersed and the fibers included in them are redispersed on the occasion of their passage through the pump 22,
Each lump adhering to the deposit must be broken up and it may be desirable to deburr the edges of the deposit and return them to the dispersion tank.



   It is advantageous to cover the cathode with a nylon cloth membrane 84 which is permeable to ions, but not to gas bubbles. This membrane prevents contamination of the dispersion by the evolved gas. The cathode liquid, formed between the membrane and the cathode and containing gas bubbles, flows axially at each end of the cathode in the boot 74 and leaves it through a discharge line 86. This cathode liquid is alkaline and does not should preferably not enter the dispersion.



   For example, the anode 72, in an apparatus shown in Figure 3, had a width of approximately 17.78cm and there was a space of 1.27cm between the anode and the membrane 84 of the cathode. The total initial volume of a dispersion of Example 1 circulated in the tank was about 30 liters, the dispersion also containing a sufficient amount of about 55g, of a mixture of 65 parts of oleic acid and 35 parts of stearic acid to give the dispersion a pH of the order of 8.5 to 8.7, this pH being most suitable for the anodo which was zinc.



  A direct current of 1.5 to 20 volts was applied between the anode and the cathode to obtain a current of $ amps and the dispersion was continuously pumped through the supply line 77, while the excess dispersion flowed out. via the spillway 82 back into the reservoir 21. A deposit of asbestos paper

 <Desc / Clms Page number 18>

 wet was formed on the anode and stretched, compressed to remove excess acidic liquor and then dried.

   This liquor was returned to the dispersion in the tank to help regulate the pH. After about 20 minutes it was visually seen that the appearance of the dispersion in the tank had changed and the replenishment then began. This replenishment was effected by the addition of undispersed asbestos fibers, acid oleic and stearic acid, soap and sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, if necessary.

   This process was carried out continuously for 42 hours; during this time approximately 125 L of dispersion was added to maintain the level of dispersion in the tank (ie 125 L was actually used for the deposition). About 65 liters of cathode liquid were collected, and 16 liters of acidic liquid was removed by squeezing the paper during winding. 3500 g of dry paper (0.01 cm thick) were obtained containing (when dried to a moisture content of 1%) from 20 to 25% organic matter. This represents a 100% deposit of asbestos in the dispersion.



   If the deposit has not obtained adequate wet strength, a support agent, which may be an ion permeable membrane, for example a fine mesh nylon fabric, is passed around the rotating anode. and the deposit forms on this support agent and it can either be left on this support. be removed from this support after drying, if desired.



     Alternatively, as shown schematically in FIG. 4, the node is replaced by a positively driven roller 64 of insulating material, around which passes a continuous flexible metal strip 65. This band also passes around a roller. 66, by a drying box 67 and around and another roller
68. The deposit forms on the strip 65, and after being dried in the box 67 it is removed, as shown on 69, and wound up on a spool 70. It is desirable that in this case the strip 65 is the same. 'anode and that a current is applied to it by a brush

 <Desc / Clms Page number 19>

 coal 71.
 EMI19.1
 



  Figure 5 shows an apparatus diins luqi.1tJl we see again cont.:1nueJ.le'limt a copper wire 50 with dll the aud.antu to form a pre-coated coating. * This m6i wire .alH.que 50 fst t11 '(, from a t.:unbour 51 by a guide 52 and paxx,> pa? a contact 53 sounded electrically and the metal wire becomes ainzi 1.'aiio <ic, Lo metal wire advances further on Qt goes through a guido 54 t arrives clan ,,, a pot 55. This pot has a base 56 in travors paraffinai cap
 EMI19.2
 which the metal wire 50 can use the body of the pot is. would be in plaotic mat coated by an aluminum excavation 57, which formed the cathode ut to which is re-read a connection 61uctric 58. This pot 55 has a fine pipe 59 and a pipe <i 'evacui <% f on 60 for the dispersion, which thus flows coiitro-courtint p; jr relation to the wire.

   The metal wire Bort coated by the par-
 EMI19.3
 The upper part of the pot, passes through a tubular dtut3rtiyage device 61 and a drying box 62, and is wound on a spool @ 63.
 EMI19.4
 



  A dispersion well suited for its use in a metal wire, COI / uno shown in Figure 5, contains 3, Oj of chrysotile asbestos fibers (South Ai'rican [! VI, 4, lon .. . length of about 0.25cm). 0.75% soap, and 0.12% alkyl aryl sulfonate.



   It is also possible to use an apparatus similar to that shown in FIG. 5 to form threads from a strip of paper, coated with graphite @ constituting the anode.
 EMI19.5
 veniunt, Enuniatitu very eourtca fibers could be used to form a deposit on this bando, and the paper coated with asbestos can be twisted to form the yarn.

 

Claims (1)

CLAIMS 1.- A process for producing an asbestos article from an anionic aqueous dispersion of asbestos fibers, in the presence or absence of other constituents, sensitive to electro- EMI20.1 phoresetcharacterized in that the dispersion is passed between two electrodes, to the edges of which an electrical potential difference is applied, the solid constituents being thus caused to migrate towards the anode, the emigrating constituents being collected, in the form of a deposit, on the the anode or on an ion permeable membrane interposed in their path to the anode, while the deposit is continually removed from the remainder of the dispersion. 2. - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deposit forms on the anode and is continuously removed therefrom. 3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the deposit is dried on the anode and then is removed therefrom. 4. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the deposit is removed from the anode, while the est still immersed in the dispersion. 5.- A method according to claim 2, characterized in EMI20.2 that the anode 41: .11 is continuously moved through it out of the dispersion and in that the deposit is removed from the anode while the latter is out of the dispersion. 6.- A process according to claim 2, characterized in that EMI20.3 that 1 demeot is forti4- a (ius! elm d '.ne cru3.3 had a ribbon on an anode ¯, .414fAi, Isfés 4NY'f7 16T,' G6EitAd! ".tt, nt,:, ro1. 4d.s of the IJ; f: or6ion. 7.- Proc (.rj8 dl; 'ix'i4iut =, ClÎi rJtJ â'.Prk; .t, G: wtr 4,' ûys! ". Ia% what a; J <fl ,, t1 5" U6 itii'.s4, (UII d'i, .. riCoef.kfilUl âllslJétftL ii 3f "tc: aeti G'U 'lturu nu l'l1Ut.t'Q (1 <,;:; r', yVteliGs .ltt fi: 1,: d! jht.tH, .... f:!, l, irdu, t .- l'roc '' '\ lt n'ti.V.Jilitt, r 3.'i. iak4 1 l 'éiiiii'w << us iw ïJ.; rtiïin tG3léi <Desc / Clms Page number 21> EMI21.1 rz; crrl, r7LtsaC> r: c. 'tr = i :. "un ce 11 \' un 1 <; rit.: 1;, 1 \ 1 ..! r: t, t, '' '' 1:; / ':, Vi.: C l '[r: i [1 nt: ..:. '.- Following process 1 1'.Jvc: mdiGéith11 \ ll, ù:> 11:> l'jquo'! - 1 ;: dispersion confers a soap, soluble in water do..mu a;: ent. dl) dispersion, characterized in that the anode wt on m (.t: .e) which t1St attacked during the treatment, 11,) 13 ions do: n6ta3 (4tint, di} '\ 8.', U6 of the anode and associating with the soap to force an insoln soap " EMI21.2 ble in water giving the binding agent. EMI21.3 10.- Proc'd according to claim, c: ractfr3; 5 in cpc that the anode is aluminum or in zii: c, bind Proceda î3uiviint the coating-ndïcatlon 9rcarnct.rn in that the dispersion contains no 8Quloll11; mt soap, but now another anionic active ingredient. 12, - Proceeds following rovundicLltion 11, c $ r: st '.. r. ^ "' .N what another has, ent tuT'1U3:!. O" '' Ct, i.1 'ai. : 3niua cL; t an alkyl! #YJ. sultonate. 13.- Close according to one or the other of the!) Vonnicc.t .; I rm8 precedent.o8, characterized in that the dispersion vat undermines l, cl1.'culer eontinuollemënt per un alsrrva.r and is continually replenished or priadJ.c3umcnt, 14, "The process according to claim 1J, C \ ll'DctIJr: is6 had the = arprtvisicrsr.e: act ta: '. 3';.: au: in the reservoir ' 'ue of the non-dispersed constituents which are aiap1'b' '' 8 by a pump or by pompas in a circuit in which the CdSPtll'SÜ '\ t1',: J (;, brought to circulate to and. rlscr; oir * 15.- A method according to claim 14. ('H. \ o. octúr1rt in that the dispersion circulating between the electrodes is. Fr? :, v4 odu circuit, in which the constituents not di, a.rs,: s <> Ri tenpersed at a point located upstream of the pump or due to the pitch, l6.- Method according to one or other of the claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the pEt of said; pursion 3t maintained substantially constant by the ré4pprovîsioîinf-inctitt, <Desc / Clms Page number 22> 17.- A method according to either of the preceding claims) characterized in that the asbestos dispersion contains other dispersed particles carrying electrical charges such that they undergo electrophoresis and that they are deposited with asbestos particles. 18.- A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the dispersed particles are polymer particles, 19.- A method according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion contains additional fibrou which are entrained by dispersed asbestos and deposited over time. 20.- A method according to claim 19, characterized in that the additional fibers are cut glass. 21.- Asbestos products obtained according to the process of one or other of the preceding claims, 22, - Process for producing an asbestos article and asbestos products thus obtained, in substance, as described above, in particular in the examples and with reference to the drawings.