BE425277A - - Google Patents

Description

       

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  Machine poar oo & ler metal parts including p1aqe8 d.aooumlatè8 lead grids and the like.
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  MW the present invention relates to a machine for casting metal pioe8 'and in particular grills of lead plates and other parts.



  Thus, it is true, the hand casting of the aforementioned parts of the invention has several disadvantages.
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  So, for example, in this casting process, the mold must
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 be opened and closed by hand and the metal is collected by a ladle or ladle at the top of the fa-metal bath. sion, so that it contains the oxide of the cast metal and other parts which are thus introduced into the mold. As the operation cannot be carried out with sufficient speed, the metal cools in the ladles and the process itself is too slow to allow a sufficiently high yield.
 EMI1.5
 by workers
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 Different Iggge machines have been suggested to remedy
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 aax inconrénienta of the ooulée by hand.

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   Thus, we oonnait a machine for casting grids and lead accumulator parts in which several molds with automatic opening and closing are mounted on a turntable so as to pass one after otter in front of the worker who sinks there. metal with a ladle.



  If, in this machine a part of the work of the worker is done mechanically (opening and closing of the shells of the mold), this machine has on the other hand the drawback of requiring a large number of molds and does not bring any remedy nor to the entrainment of metal oxide and impurities or refridization of the metal in the ladle. To obviate these drawbacks, it has been proposed to add to this machine a mechanical pump which was to introduce molten metal into the mold.

   Although this machine is a step towards the mechanization of the casting work, it only solves the problem in a very imperfect way, since it also requires a large number of molds. The pump mechanism is of high quality. moreover complicated and practically does not make it possible to regulate the quantity of lead discharged at the stroke of the pump. However, as is known, this amount must be practically the same for each mold.



   Finally, we know a @nic mold machine, the opening and closing of which are effected by double cams and the filling of which is carried out using pockets and mechanical control. This machine in turn offers several drawbacks. such as, for example, a lack of pressure between the shells of the mold as a result of the difficulties in adjusting the control oames which gives rise to frequent burrs. On the other hand, the casting using the ladles is necessarily slow, the lead cools down before casting. Lead oxides and impurities are also entrained in the mold.



   To obviate the drawbacks of known machines of the aforementioned species, the invention provides a phono machine.

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 EMI3.1
 hold automatically from the loading of the plémb in the creao t asqa 'to the exit of the raw parts of the molds.



   For this purpose, the machine according to the invention essentially comprises a mold or a group of molds with opening and
 EMI3.2
 automatic closing one or more crucibles for melting the metal, one of the pumps delivering from said crucible (s)
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 in the mold. a predetermined quantity of molten metal and control and adjustment devices combined so as to cause the automatic operation of the aforesaid pump (s) when the mold (s) are closed, and to allow an exact quantity of metal to be introduced therein -
 EMI3.4
 necessary for the molding of <5a of parts and independent of variations 4 level of lead in the oa the so-called crucibles.



  In a partially advantageous embodiment of the invention, the warning and the closing of the mold and the pumping of the molten metal are obtained by the pressure of a gas which is flaided motear, the admission of which into one oa ltantre des. organs carrying out the smooth operations is controlled by appropriate distributors.

   According to the invention, the pressure of the motor agent because the metal can be exerted either directly
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 either on the molten metal or indirectly by the intermediary of a system of auxiliary devices causing pressure on the molten metal,
According to the invention, the pressure is exerted only on
 EMI3.6
 a part of the metal contained in the crensete and this part is separated from the rest of the metal at the moment of pumping in the mold, which between another:

   , the need to provide cover
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 ole tight for crustiness In this bat, the body of the pump is placed in the interior of the oreuset-theme, so as to be surrounded by the molten mass, and comm "iqae with this mass by the intermediary of a valve closing aztomatiqaement under the effect of the pressure exerted on the metal contained in the pump, or mechanically controlled.

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   In order to make the quantity of metal delivered by the pump at each casting independent of the level of the metal in the aforesaid crucible, according to the invention the pressure exerted on the molten metal is automatically adjusted according to the level of the metal contained in the crucible. .



     For this purpose, a float placed in the crucible on or in the molten mass is connected to a member controlling the passage of the driving fluid to the aforementioned pump or to the aforementioned auxiliary device systems.



   In order to prevent the cooling of the lead on its path from the pump to the mold, the pump delivery duct can also be placed in the crucible, the molten content of which maintains this duct at a sufficiently high temperature, and unblocked. above the maximum metal calf in the crucible.



   Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of the appended drawings which represent, by way of nonlimiting example, several embodiments of a machine according to the invention applied to the casting of the grids of plates. 'lead accumulators.



   In these drawings:
Fig. 1 schematically shows in elevation an embodiment of the machine according to the invention in the case where the delivery of the lead towards the motle is obtained by direct pressure of a driving gas on the surface of the molten metal, the the machine being shown in the position corresponding to the casting of, plopb.



     Fig.2 is a plan view of the machine of Fig.l.



   Fig. 3 schematically shows in section and on an enlarged scale the members of a motor fluid distributor ensuring the operation of the device for opening and closing the mold, the distributor being in the position corresponding to the mold. closed.

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   Pin 4 shows schematically in cross section the position of the valve of the distributor of FIG. 3 in the position in which it causes the mold to open,
Fig. 5 is a section on the plane A B of the distributor of the Pin 4.



   Fig. 6 represents a longitudinal section of the distribution of engine gas supplying the motor pump according to FIG. 1, however, handles a device to be used in the event that the driving gas is liable to attack the molten lead,
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a variant of the distribution of the working fluid in the case where the latter is used to compress a gas intended to act in the lead pump.



   Fig. 8 is a variant of the Pige distribution.



  6 and? in the event that the pressure in the pump is obtained by the sudden vaporization of a fluid injected into the body of the pump.



   Pigeon. 9 and 10 show a sectional elevation of the variable claims in which the working fluid exerts pressure on the molten metal, by means of a plunger.



   In all the figures, the same reference numerals designate the same constructional elements,
As can be seen in FIG. 1 the machine oomporte an cast iron frame 1 on which is fixed an oven 2 intended for melting the lead oa of another metal that one wishes to cast and, a mold for the grids of the accumulator plates.



   The foar 2, the vertical section of which is shown in FIG. 8 consists of a sheet steel casing 214, a refraotaire interior lining 213, a crucible 36 supported by a plate 212 of the burners 75 supplied by a pipe 74 and an exhaust chimney of burnt gas 42 (Fig. 1).



  In the case of plonb or other materials or metals giving off harmful gases, an ohapeaa 41 is placed on the furnace the way to. prevent the escape of gases otherwise qae through the chimney 42.



  The melting furnace shown in the drawing is supplied with gas but it is obvious that any other heating method can be used.

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   The mold consists of a fixed shell 6 secured to a plate 12 bolted to the frame and of a movable shell 5 fixed to a slide 4 capable of sliding on horizontal guides 3.



   In order to ensure automatic opening and closing of
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 mold, the slide 4 is actuated by a double-acting piston cylinder 15 fixed to the frame 1, and of which the pedestrian rod 8
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 is connected to the slide 4 by means of an articulated joint composed of parts 7, 7 'and?' t and having the effect of compensating for the possible lack of parallelism that may exist between the longitudinal axis of the jack 15 and that of ooalisseaa 4, and liable to compromise the parallelism of the surfaces of the mold in contact at the time of casting.
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  In order to cause the ejection of the moalée grid, the machine is provided with an ejection plate 10 supported by rods 11 fixed to the frame and disposed so that it is lifted during the opening.
 EMI6.4
 verture da mold the rods 9 of the éjeateure 9 'provided on the mobile oo-qiille 5 come to butt against said plate 10.



  The jack 15 is actuated alternately in one direction and
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 in the other, by one gas or fluid moteor admitted by conduits 31 and 3Zi qai also serve for the exhaust of the timid motear and are connected to a distributor 83 (Fig. 2) regulating the arrival da fluid used in the cylinder and controlling its exhaust.



   Da side opposite the oven 2, is mounted an electric motor 16 equipped with a speed reducer and on the pinion 17 of which passes a chain 23 driving a chain chain 18 wedged sar a shaft 19 rotating in bearings 88; this last tree leads by
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 a pulley 76 (Fig.2) a conveyor belt 68, used for the removal of the castings.



   When the slide 4 is brought back by its cylinder 15, the movable shell of the mold 5 approaches the fixed plate
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 10, and the molded parts ejected by the 9 'djeotor set

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 first fall onto a slide 67 and then onto the belt 68 which transports them to the delirium place.



   The shaft 19 also carries a chain wheel 20 driving
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 ana chain 2 qat / by means of a pinion 21., transmits the rotation to a shaft 22 (Fig. 2) which is mounted on the dis
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 tribatear 83.



  The fluid on gas motear necessary to ensure the operation of the cylinder and for the discharge of molten metal is supplied by an extraneous source through a tube 25, a hand valve 3 &, a manifold z, an tube 28 , a hand valve 29 and a design 30 connected to a distributor 83, which directs it at the required moment in the cylinder 15.



   The exhaust of the motear fluid from the cylinder is also effected through the distributor 83 and then by a tube 33 on which is placed a reducing valve 34, which allows the release of the valve.
 EMI7.3
 fluid or motor gas, depending on its nature, either to a compressor # or to the free air.



  According to the invention, the molten metal is transferred from a crucible 36 into the mold by a pump 37 plunged into the crettiset in the furnace 2 and actuated directly or indirectly by gas or driving fluid so as to discharge the molten lead towards the machine mold.



   This pump, the details of which can be seen in FIG. 6 consists essentially of a cylindrical body carrying the
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 same reference 37 and to which is connected on beo 38. The oy- lindriqae body 37 is closed by a bo # ionned cover 123 and the spout 38, by a cover 124.

   The pump and the beo 38 are made of a metal that cannot be attacked by the motor flap and the molten metal to be cast *
At the lower part of the aforementioned pump cylinder 37, is
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 probed a 1M tube on which is fixed a valve 39 handles a shutter ball 129 capable of being applied to its seat 128 by a pressure exerted blank the pump 37 and intended to

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 prevent the back flow of molten metal from pump 37 into crucible 36, while still allowing metal to pass, when re-
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 quia, da crucible 36 in pome 37, foolish the pressure of the metal contained. in the said crucible.



   In the variant of the machine shown in Figures 1 and 2, the pressure of the gas or working fluid is exerted directly on the surface of the molten metal, which advantageously makes it possible to use the fluid of the same nature for the control of the cylinder 15 and pump 37.



   The variant of FIG. 6 provided for the case where the fluid
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 motor is likely to attack the molten metal, does not differ from the variant according to figs. 1 and 2 only by the presence, in the pump 37, of a pellet 125 made of a material unassailable by lead or by the fluid present and capable of floating
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 or float on the urfaoe of molten metal.



  In the case of variants according to the freezes. 1, 2 and 6, the distribution of. fluid or engine gas andoffected as follows! Noarriee 27 receiving the fluid or driving gas is connected through a tube 43, a pressure reducing valve 44 bringing the pressure of this fluid or driving gas to the desired value - controllable using
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 to a manometer 45- and a connector 46, to a second manifold 47 from where the fluid or driving gas is conducted by a tube 48 against- against a hand valve 49, to a valve 51 controlled by
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 via a lever 118, by a cama 59 and controlling the arrival of the fluid or driving gas in a tube 53 opening into the pump 37.

     A branch 80 (Fig. 6) of this tube 53 is connected to the body of a valve 77 controlled by an oame 145
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 and arranged so as to cut or establish the communication between the tube 53 and a tube 81 opening into a duct 82 * The cam 5h controlling the valve 51 and the cam 145 controlling the cam 77 are integral with the shaft 8 qat activates the c73s- tribateir 83 of the cylinder 15.



  Ge distributor 83 is rotary valve (ig.3) and poor

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 obtain a good seal between the plug 91 and the body 90. of the distributor, a spring 84 compressed by a washer 85 and adjustable by a nut (and contreéorou) 86 presses said plug against the body of the distributor.

   The valve 91 is wedged using a key 92 on the end of the shaft 22 opposite to that which carries the drive pinion 21, the cams 54 and 145 (Fig. 6) control its valve res- pective, by means of a pusher 120, the length of which can be adjusted using the lock nuts 121 screwed on a threaded end of the lever 118 pushing on a rod 113 carrying a mushroom 112, so as to move the latter against the antagonistic action of a return spring 116 bearing on a removable plug 117, allowing the valve to be cleaned if necessary.

   The adjustment of the pusher 120 of the intake cam 51 allows the admission of a larger or smaller quantity of working fluid, while the pusher 120 adjustment of the exhaust cam 77 allows this fluid to escape. in a longer or shorter time.



   The rods 113 are provided with knurled nuts 115 resting on washers of compressible material 114 forming a packing,
It results from the examination of FIG. 6, that at each turn of rotation the cam 52 closes the valve 51 while the cam 145 simultaneously closes the valve 77 and the aforesaid cams hold the valves in this position for a fraction / of the shaft 22 / of the -turn of rotation / so that the probe 53 is in communication with the tube 48 for supplying the working fluid, while its communication with the exhaust tube 81 remains closed which causes the rise of the metal to flow in the tank 38 of the pump 37 and its flow in the. mold..



   The present invention also provides a device for controlling autmmatiqyement the amount of motor fluid acting in the pump 37, in fonotion variations in the height of the metal in the oreaset 36 (Fig.6).

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   In this bat, the tube 53 comprises a bypass 66 controlled by a valve 132, the opening and closing of which are controlled by a pinion 130 driven by a movable rack 65. The latter is controlled by a plunger 40 kept suspended. in the molten metal by means of a cable 61 guided by pulleys 62 and 64 and loaded with a counterweight 131. In this way, any movement of the plunger 40 causes a variation in the passage section of the tube 66 and, therefore, subtracts a greater or smaller amount of working fluid flowing through tube 53 to the pump.



   The tube 53 comprises a second branch, the tube 54 controlled by a valve 55 controlled by hand and the outlet of which is connected to the tube 82 which also connects the outlet of the valve 132.



  This device allows the initial adjustment of the pressure to act in the pump 37,
It should be noted that the protective tablet 125 placed in the pump 37 can be omitted if the fluid or the motor gas employed in pumping is capable of combining with the molten metal to give a powder or dust. The dust produced in this case, is entrained to the exhaust of the engine flange by the tubes 53, 54, 66 and 81 in the tube 82, from where they pass into a reooler 57 (Fig.l) mini of a register evacuation 58 and a filter 59 placed at the inlet of a pipe 60 opening to the open air or connected to the compressor supplying fluid or engine gas.



   Fig. 7 shows a variant of the machine according to the invention adapted to the case where the pressure in the pump 37 is obtained by the action of a fluid or driving gas other than that used bridges the control of the jack 15, this other agent motaux being provided, for example, by a pump or compressor specially preva for this purpose.



   In the embodiment shown, this compressor is double-acting and comprises a cylinder 147 in which a piston 150 moves, furnished in the known manner with sealed gaskets 151 supported by washers 152 and tightened by nuts 246. n

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 The movement of the piston in one direction is controlled by an operating fluid under pressure allowed per year 146, and its movement in the opposite direction sfeffeotae soas the action of the return spring 165. The piston 150 divides the cylinder 147 into two chambers whose ring connected to the wave 146 is used to receive the motear fluid at the pressure to pump the compressor, and the ring adjusted per year led in to the pump 37 is used for the suction and discharge of the motor flat intended for the said pump .



  Tube 146 communicates the lower part of the cy-
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 compression liner 147 with valves 51 and 77 previously described and controlled by oames 145 and 52 mounted on shaft 22, establishing valves as previously described for
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 fig * 6.1 * inlet of the motor fluid in the lower part of the cylinder 147.
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 The cylinder 147 is closed at its sapériemre part by a flange 149 crossed by the piston rod 153 carrying a cup 166 serving as a support for the return spring 165.



   In order to make it possible to adjust the stroke of the piston 150 and consequently the pressure in the pump 37, a threaded rod 164 is placed in the extension of the piston rod 153.
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 adjustable in haateAr by two means ;: from one part, through the intermediary of a handwheel lil, for initial adjustment, and the other hand, per year gear 162 o controlled by a rack 161 sliding in a slide 158 and controlled by variations in the level of the metal in the oreaset 36 in the same way as the rack 65 of the variation of fig. 6, so as to make the pressure in the pump 37 independent of the variations
 EMI11.6
 tionssimadites.

   Two threaded crossbars 168 and 169 joined together by threaded rods with knurled knurls 170 make it possible to block the frame 171 after initial adjustment, to allow the pinion 162
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 and t the exr, CCY # x1r t51, to act while running, to perform the aforesaid automatic adjustment.



   For the latter purpose. the means of the pinion 162 small turn

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 in anti-friotion linings 163 provided in cross members 157 and 159 joined together by spacer bolts 160 maintaining said cross members at a distance allowing free rotation of pinion 162.



   The upper cross member 157 is fixed by a shoulder and a nut 167 to the vertical columns 156 fixed themselves on the flange 149 of the cylinder 147. The cross member 168 can, on the contrary, slide on the columns 156. The automatic adjustment operation by pinion 162 will be explained below.



   The duct 172 opening at the upper part of the oylin- dre 147 is connected by a bypass 178 to a valve 175 which can be constituted, for example, by a valve body, a head forming a seat 176 and a shutter ball 177 urged by the valve body. a spring 178 to be applied on its seat, in order to close an orifice 179 communicating either directly with the atmospheric air, or with a reservoir of ethanol L itself carrying a valve, or with a reservoir of inert gas to be used in pump 37,
The ball 177 can optionally be removed and seal the hole 179 which, in this case, must be calibrated, can be left.



   The present invention provides for the possibility of obtaining in the pump 37 the pressure necessary for the delivery of the molten metal through the nozzle 38 by a liquid qai, injected into the body of the pump 37 above the molten metal, evaporates or expands there by developing a very strong pressure.



   Figure 8 shows a variant of the machine suitable for this case.



   In this case, the rotation of the shaft 22 is used to operate a pump 183 delivering per year duct of small section 204, a measured quantity * of the fluid to be evaporated in the pump 37,
In Variant tab, the upper flange 123 of the cylinder

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 of the pump 37 carries a valve comprising a ball 208 urged by a spring 207 to be applied against its seat 206 provided for. the end of the tube 204 leading at its other end to a double valve made up of two valves mounted in the same body 196.



   One of these valves - the upper valve - has a shut-off ball 201, normally biased by a spring 202 to be applied to its seat directly in the valve body 196. The other valve - the lower valve - comprises a ball 199 constantly urged by a spring 200 to close a pipe 198 connected to an reservoir containing a reserve of liquid to be vaporized.



   As can be seen in the drawing, the two aforesaid valves act in the opposite direction so that a vacuum in the body 196 causes the upper valve to close and the lower valve to open, so as to communicate the valve body. 196 with the liquid reservoir, while pressure in the valve body 196 causes the lower sotipape to close and the upper valve to open, so as to establish communication between the valve body 196 and the pump 37.



   In order to cause alternately a pressure and a vacuum in the valve body 196, the latter is connected by a tube 203 to the cylinder of the pump 183 in which a piston 184 whose rod 190 is biased can move. the right of. drawing by a spring 195 supported on the one hand, on the collar ring 247, and on the other hand, on the cross member 188 fixed by rods 189 on the body of the pump 183.

   The rod 190 ends with a pusher 193 straight in a cross member 191 and which, when the piston 190 is sufficiently moved to the right of the drawing, is placed in the path of the boss of a cam 182 mounted on an eccentric 180 fixed on the shaft 22 of the machine.

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  The use of the eccentric advantageously makes it possible to adjust the amplitude of the displacement of the piston 184 soas the action of the oame 182 by means of the clamping screws 181 making it possible to make the cam / vary the position of the boss of / relative to the shaft axis 22.



   In order to allow the escape of the fluid which has acted in the pump 37, the body of the latter is also connected to a duct 209 which can be placed in communication with atmospheric air on the one hand, through a bypass 56 controlled by a valve 55 controlled by hand and, on the other hand, to. through a bypass 80 controlled by the valve 77, controlled, as previously described, by the cam 145 mounted on the shaft 32, and through a bypass 66 controlled by the valve 132 controlled by the pinion 130 and the rack 65 connected in the manner previously described for plunger 40.



   In order to maintain the festooned metal at a constant temperature, use is made in the machine of a thermoelectric or cavity thermostat or pyrometer 211, the cam 210 of which is quenched in the molten metal and which can regulate, for example, the supply of l 'air in the case of solid fuels or the arrival of fuel if it is fluid (gas or oil) in the pipe 74 for supplying the burners 75. In the electric heating chamber) the thermostat expected may increase oa. decrease the flow rate of the current, thus regulating the temperature of the metal in the crucible 36.



   Fig. 9 shows in section a variant of the machine according to the invention in which the discharge of the metal from the crucible is obtained by the pressure exerted on the molten metal by a plunger 219 capable of sliding with a slight play in the cylinder. pump 37 and aotated by the motive fluid admitted into an auxiliary pump 226. In this variant, the pump 37 is entirely closed at its peripheral part by a bore cover 216:

   to allow the passas

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 age of the dive 219, the stroke of which is calculated so that the latter cannot leave the. pump body 37.The plunger 219 as well as the pump body 37 are obviously
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 made of such shiny metal do not seize at high temperatures and are not attacked by molten metal. the plunger 219 is suspended from a collar 224 of a rod 225
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 integral with piston 2a9 gaidd in the actuary pump cylinder 226.

   
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 The plunger 219 dipping in the metal in flision. To prevent the transmission of heat to the piston rod 225, an insulating washer 220 is placed between the flange 224
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 and the plunger suadit. Similarly, the fixing bolts 223 of the saadite collar are surrounded by basalares in ma- in material sox, ne j .-, ya p.; trn, 2:

   eat ,, 'simpléy, efét -et ne-, portalac, uane only filled with etanoheity 230 tightened by a washer 231 and an coron 232. The pump cylinder 226 is blocked cl * = etté by a flange 237 and of the antrum o8téepar a flange 228 supporting a guiding prison 233 for the passage of the ZZbeet rod additionally.mani deox or several holes 234 establishing <xne communication between the lower part of the cyt. lindra '296 aÏ ltatmoophèret The flange 228 supports two columns 237 rëti3a at their lower end by a flange 241 carrying at its center a bronze or anti-friction packing 242 in which the piston rod 225 which is
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 thus guided retreatment.



  Over a certain length of said rod is provided a
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 raînare? '239 in which is engaged a lug 245 integral with the flange 241, so as to prevent the rod 225 from rotating during its reciprocating rectilinear movement.
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  The flange 241 serves as a fixed support to a spring 244 which acts as a parsar e crosspiece 238 capable of sliding on the columns 237 and connected to the piston rod 225 so that when the piston 229 descends under the action of the fluid or

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 gas under pressure, it causes the cross member 238 against the antagonistic action of the spring 244, while during the exhaust of the. fluid of the pump 286, the aforesaid spring causes the piston 225 and, therefore, the plunger 219 to rise.



   In order to be able to adjust the downstroke of the movable cross member 238 and, therefore, of the plunger 219, two nuts 240 are screwed onto the columns 237 so as to form retainers for the piston rod 225. the fluid /
The cylinder 226 receives / or.

   engine gas through tube 53 controlled by valve 51 already described controlled by oame 52 mounted on shaft 22. This valve is connected to a conduit 48 connected to a source of fluid or engine gas and controlled by the control valve control 49 regulating the arrival of. fluid ov gas
 EMI16.1
 The elbow 53 oommuniqae, on the other handelar the pipe 80 with the valve 77 also described previously which controls the exhaust of the. fluid or. engine gas from cylinder 226 and is actuated in the manner previously described by cam 145.



   In order to obviate the possible difficulties which might arise in establishing the sealing of the saphenous part of the pump 37, the present invention provides a modification of the construction of, FIG. 9 and in which the aforesaid pump can be opened at its upper part.



   In this modification, shown in FIG. 10 the crucible 36 is covered by a cover 41 through which passes a rod 248 integral with the plunger 219, which in this variant of construction moves entirely within the interior of the pump 37.



   The free end of the rod 248 ends in a collar 249 maintained with the interposition of the oalorificant linings 220, between two parallel flanges 251 and 250 joined by bolts 253. The upper flange 250 supports a clamp 252 in which is housed a ball 254 terminating the rod 225 integral with the piston 229 of the auxiliary pump 226.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 17>

 



  The presence of the patella 254 in the connection between the ti-
 EMI17.1
 ges 248 and 225 avoids the danger of jamming of the piston 229 or of the plunger 219 during the transmission of the engine force.



     In this embodiment, the columns 237 are fi
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 zées at the open. 41 and the cross member 241 is immobilized on the said columns using the collars 243.



   '' The flange 208 serving to support the return spring 244
 EMI17.3
 previously & 4o rit is re-emitted / by rods 260 to a cross-piece 259 comprising a threaded means which is screwed onto a
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 threaded rod 963 tri11onned to the upper part of the pump cylinder 2 Î ± 6.0 this threaded rod 263 carries a bevel gear 264 meshing with a toothed toast 265 wedged on a
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 boczt ct.r'bra 26a carrying a toothed pinion 130 controlled by an ahaïn, a 269 connected by its OPPO ends on the one hand, with a counterweight 131 st y d, on the other hand, with a plunger 40,

  functioning as described above *
The other parts of this mechanism bearing the same reference numerals as those of the variant of FIG. 9 CI * function the same way as these latter organs and fill them. same functions which will emerge in more detail from the following description of the operation of the machine in its various embodiments.



   It should be specified that the term "motive fluid It
 EMI17.6
 employa denotes both liquids such as eauthttiles and other gases such as air., la; water vapor and other gases obtainable under pressure.
 EMI17.7
 The opening and closing of. mold are obtained in all the variants of the machine in the identical manner seen above all in Figs. 3, 4 and 5.

   The rod 8 of the piston 101 of the cylinder 15 slides in the cylinder 93 and passes through the cover
 EMI17.8
 d, 1.t cylinder by tuie boot with stuffing composed of a deë ring, lè ".r 90 on which the linings 96 are tightened by the washer 97 and the gland 98. The piston 101 is

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 is double-acting and carries two seals 103. The oylindre 93 is connected at its two opposite ends to the tubes 31 and 32 connected to the valve valve 83.



   This distributor consists of a substantially frustoconical envelope 90 permanently fixed to the frame and in which a valve is housed. 91 intended to distribute the driving fluid alternately on each side of the piston 101 and to control the escape of this fluid.



   For this purpose, the body 90 of the distributor is pierced with 4 holes connected to the various driving fluid conduits and bearing, for the sake of simplification of the description, the same reference numbers as the aforesaid conduits. The hole 30 comma nicates with the tubs 30, the hand valve 29 and the tube 28 connected to the manifold 27 which, as previously specified, itself communicates with the external source of the. fluid under pressure, the hole 31 is connected by the tube 31 to the rear part of the ram cylinder 93, the hole 32 is connected by the tube 32 to the front part of the cylinder 93, and the hole 33 is connected by a tube 33, a hand valve 34 and a tube 35,

  either with atmospheric air or with the supply tank of the external source of pressurized fluid.



   As can be seen in Fig. 5, the aforementioned Irons are arranged in pairs in two different planes and, in particular, the holes 30 and 31, in one plane. And the three 32 and 33, in another plane parallel to the first.



   To allow the passage of fluid from one tube to another, on the side wall of the. bushel. 91 are milled concentric grooves 105, 106, 108 and 109 arranged in pairs in two parallel planes coinciding with the planes in which are placed the aforesaid holes each groove extending over part of the. perimeter of. bushel. 91.



   The troas 30 and 31 are arranged in the same plane as

 <Desc / Clms Page number 19>

 
 EMI19.1
 grooves 105 and 109 in valve 91 <Holes 32 and 33 are also placed in the same plane as grooves 108
 EMI19.2
 and 106.
 EMI19.3
 



  The rainnares placed in the different planes are joined in pairs by passages milled in the timber 91 following a.4e generators cltt cone of the latter. Thus, the grooves Î05 and 106 are resuscitated by a groove lu7 and the grooves 108 and 109, by tine groove 110.



  If it is applied by ege "ls, that bushel 91 is
 EMI19.4
 in 'the' position shown in fig. 3 and that the. hand valve
 EMI19.5
 39 is ogvertail the working fluid enters through tube 30 into the groove 105 of the bushing to pass directly through the tube Sl in the rear part of the cylinder 93 in the cylinder. The pressure of the fltlicl6, mot & at moves the piston 109 to the left and applies ia ', ooaîlle movable 5 against the fixed shell 6. of the mold so as to close the latter. r14.'re distributor 92 qai continues to rotate, entxane bô3.éaeau 91 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3. For as long as 105 passes during this rotation in front of the trotis 30 and 31, the working fluid continues to be channeled towards the tube 31 so as to maintain pressure on the rear face of the piston.

   101 oe which results in maintaining the mold
 EMI19.6
 closed under pressure.
 EMI19.7
 



  Tending to the groove 108 of the boiaseaa 91, establish firstat then maintain the oommonication between the holes 32 and 33 so as to connect the 'front' of the ram cylinder 93; with the exhaust tube 35, the valve 34 being open> which makes it possible to avoid any backpressure dams the cylinder of the
 EMI19.8
 cylinder. Continuing its rotation in the direction of the arrow) the
 EMI19.9
 bol'ose'au 91. arrives, after a fraction of turns, ns the lncliqêe position at ig. 4.

   In this position, the intake tube 30 oomm <miqa6 by the grooves 109j 110 and 108 with the tube 32

 <Desc / Clms Page number 20>

 so that the working fluid is directed into the front part of the cylinder 93 where it acts on the front face of the piston 101 so as to give it a backward movement. or, as at this time the hole 31 is in relation, through the grooves 105,107 and 106 of the valve 91, with the exhaust pipe 33,11 there is no / in the rear part of the cylinder of the jack, back pressure which would prevent the piston from moving to the left of the drawing .



  The piston therefore begins to move in this direction and the movable shell 5 containing the molded part separates from the fixed shell 6, and moves until the rods of the ejectors 9 (Fig. 2) push out. the casting out of the movable shell 5 in order to remove it by means of the conveyor belt 68.



   Oven that.at the time of opening. mold, the molded parts are driven by the movable shell 5, according to the invention, a few nipples with undercut judiciously transferred are provided in the drawing of this shell, so that the cast part remains held in the mold. mobile shell 5 until it is expelled by the ejects 9.



   According to the invention, the groove 105 is longer than the groove 108 which allows the distributor to admit the working fluid into the tabe 32 before opening the exhaust on the opposite side of the piston 101 so as to thus prevent a sudden opening of the. mold; conversely, this same feature makes it possible to close the exhaust via the tube 32, before the piston 101 reaches its end of travel towards the right of the drawing, which avoids shocks when the mold is closed.



   This delay of the exhaust with respect to the intake allows the piston 101 to reach the end of its stroke in either direction at a very low speed which avoids shocks at the end of the stroke, although that at the start of the admission there is maximum pressure on the piston.



   The valves 29 and 34 allow by throttling of the fluid

 <Desc / Clms Page number 21>

 
 EMI21.1
 engine both at its inlet and at the outlet of the distributor, cite the pressure of this fluid at the inlet and on the conflict itdeha-ppement. This last action being especially dr, ae great atil3tâin the case where the fluid engine is on
 EMI21.2
 cheerful.
 EMI21.3
 



  The "difference; of the longaears of the various grooves of the wood- seao. Da ci.istritateax is also justified by the fact that the time. '' During which the mold should- & 'ëtà closed is longer than' oeltti, pen & âù +, which the mold is otivértden effect, the closing time of the moal corresponds to the golden color of the ocalée of metal in union in the ferniated motile and its cooling suffi- etftaiïiscaa 1¯'oU], rtyre (µ mold does not correspond to this time of eotion d6 the piece .ooales is tn shorter beadooap time.



  To complete the cooling of the alated metal in the moal, the 5 ¯ and 6 ooqaillôs can be cooled by one of the ôSnnuLs means such as, for example.une alroulation of a cooling liquid, fins or. other appropriate means. ¯ ¯, rta de ao. ,, cia the clîatriblitettr gas in the form of realiÉÀâm6n¯gfpgfiÉd'¯fp a totimant bushel may be of any other type suitable for example, to. valve, spool b.

   Bournante jacket, Thus qja.'il was previously described., the molten metal is forced from the pump 37 into the mold by one or the other of the following processes by the direct action of the pressurized engine gas on the metal faeïon (Figs.leZ and 6), by the pressure of the motêur fluid, transmitted through a plunger (pin 9 and 1C.)) // by the pressure developed by the evaporation cleanli4aid- e- injected into the pump 37 aa-below the molten metal by an auxiliary pump actuated by the flaidemo- turn (fig. 8 and finally by the pressure of a gaseous agent delivered into the pump 37 by an auxiliary pump actuated by the flui- de oa gaz moteàr <hig.7>.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 22>

 



   When the metal is forced back by the pressure of the driving gas on the metal exerted either directly or through the intermediary of a protective pellet 125 (Fig. 6), the driving fluid coming from the nurse 47 through the tuba 48, the valve 49 being opened is brought to the supply valve 51, controlled by the cam 52 wedged on the rotating shaft 22 of the machine, on which is also wedged the blade 145 on the valve 77. from the rotation of the shaft 22 the cam 52 opens the inlet valve at the moment when its boss acts on the lever 118, thus placing the inlet tube 53 in communication through the tube 48 with the gas source under pressure so that this gas enters the pump body 37 above the molten metal.



  By virtue of the possibility of adjusting the amplitude of oscillation of the lever 118, the invention makes it possible to modify the amplitude of the displacement of the mushroom 112 and hence the flow rate of the gas or working fluid. On the other hand, depending on whether the boss of the cam 52 is longer or shorter, the valve allows the gas to pass for a longer or shorter time.



   The extension of the intake tube 53 is connected by a tube 80 to the exhaust valve 77 described above and controlled by the cam 145.



   The position of the cams 52 and 145 is adjusted such that when the intake valve 51 is open, the exhaust valve 77 is closed and vice versa, this adjustment being able to be further provided so as to simultaneously cause the opening of one and closing of the other valve or. well to give an advance or a delay to the exhaust, according to whether one wishes to bring the metal more or less rapidly into the spout 38.



   For ease of disclosure, it is assumed that the opening of the intake valve takes place simultaneously with the closing of the exhaust valve.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 23>

 



   When the valve 77 is open, its outlet is connected - to the tube 53 by the intermediary of the tabes 81, 82, 54 and the tube 66, the passage of which is controlled: by the valve 132 which, as has been described above, is controlled by the intermediary of the float 40, by the level of the metal in the bowl 36.



   It is easily understood that if, as a result of the loading of ingots or lead scrap into the crucible 36, the level of molten metal rises therein and the float 40 rises. The counterweight 131 drives the rack 65 which, by rotating the pinion 130, opens the valve 132 and allows a larger quantity of fluid or good pressure gas to escape from the tube 53 ae which reduces the pressure exerted on the metal in the pump 37. If on the contrary , the level of the molten metal drops in the crucible 36, the wiper 40 releases and partially closes the valve 132 so as to reduce the quantity of fluid or driving gas escaping from the tube 53, which increases the pressure in the valve. pump 37.



   On the other hand. depending on whether the hand valve controlling the branch 54 of tube 53 is more or less open, a quantity of gas. more or. less can escape from the tube 53, through the bypass 54 which decreases or increases the quantity of gas admitted into the pump 37 and, consequently, lowers or increases the pressure exerted on the molten metal. note that this valve 55, used mainly for the initial adjustment of the pressure, also makes it possible to correct the differences in this pressure during the operation of the machine.



   The cams 52 and 145 are placed on the shaft 22, the rotation of which causes the operation of the distributor 83 so that the opening and closing of the valves 51 and 77 are synchronized with the opening and closing of the mold.



  During the entire period of displacement of the piston 101 of the. cylinder 15 the position of the bosses of these oames is such that the inlet valve 51 is closed and the outlet valve 77

 <Desc / Clms Page number 24>

 is or.green.At. time of complete closure of. mold, valve 51 opens and a quantity of pressurized gas determined by the degree of opening of valves 51, 77, 55 and 132 enters pump 37 and exerts pressure there on the column of molten metal the first result of which is to close the valve 39 controlling the communication between the body of the pump 37, and the crucible 36.



   As a result of the etanohe closure of said valve, the pressure of the fluid gas forces the molten metal into the spout 38 from where. this metal is being removed or injected into the closed mold at this time.



   At the end of the casting period, during which the cams 52 and 145 continue to rotate in the direction of the arrows shown in the drawing, the working fluid inlet valve closes and the exhaust valve 77 s' The pressure in the tubs 53 and the pump 37 drops to atmospheric pressure and, as at this time the metal level is lower in the pump 37 than in the crucible 36, the ball 129 of the valve 39 comes off its seat and a new quantity of metal passes into the interior of the pump 37 to reach the same level as in the crucible 36.



   It goes without saying that at each counting operation, it is possible either to completely empty the pump 37 and the beo 38, or, on the contrary, by appropriately adjusting the opening and closing of the valves 51 and 77 to obtain that only part of the metal is forced back into the nozzle 38.



   During and after the escape of the driving fluid from the pump 37, the valve 77 remains fully open and when the mold is closed again, the clearance of the valves 51 and 77 allows a new casting.



   It should be noted that the exhaust valve 77 remaining partially open during the entire time of opening.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 25>

 
 EMI25.1
 In addition to the intake valve, the heating of the mos Beur fluid in the pump 37 does not risk causing an increase in pressure there.



   The operation of the machine remains the same if the protective pad 125 is used, in which case
 EMI25.2
 relates, besides, the Pin 6 which has just been described oi-before.



  In the case where the working fluid is used to melt, an auxiliary system of devices, intended to supply the pump 37 with a suitable driving gas (Pig.7), the exhaust 77 and intake valves 51 controlled in the dêatite manner marked by oames 52 and 145 and connected by tabs 53 and 80 to a conduit 146 opening into the cylinder 147 funationnemit as follows:

   
At the time. the mold being closed, the inlet valve 61 opens, the working fluid under pressure admitted into the internal part.
 EMI25.3
 férie'ure of the cylinder 147, makes the piston 150 go up against the antagonistic action of the; spring 165 so as to discharge the driving gas admitted into the upper part of the aforesaid cylinder through the pipe 173, into the tube 172 which directs this gas towards the pump 37, where its action results in the closing of the valve 39 and by the discharge of the molten metal by the casting beo 38t During the aforesaid displacement of the piston 150 the gas pressure. is added to the pressure of the spring 178 and ensures the tight closing of the valve 175. when, on the contrary, the casting being completed,

   the piston received-
 EMI25.4
 under the effect of the return spring I65, the ball 177 loosens from its seat against the antagonistic action of the spring 178 - so well extended, the depression in the cylinder 147 is sufficiently strong - and allows the reentry of a new quantity of gas in tube 172,
In this variant of the invention, the regulation of the quantity of molten metal discharged at each operation through

 <Desc / Clms Page number 26>

 the beo 38 and depending on the quantity of gas delivered through the elbow 172 is obtained by adjusting the stroke of the piston 150 in the cylinder 147, which can be carried out on the one hand, by hand by hand. using the flywheel 171, -and on the other hand, automatically by the gear 162 controlled by the plunger 40.



   Manual adjustment is obtained by rotating said handwheel 171 so as to lower or raise threaded rod 164 and shorten or lengthen the maximum stroke of piston 150 by stopping earlier or. later the piston rod 153. This adjustment is usually carried out when the machine is tuned for a given cast and can be considered as Initial adjustment,
In order to allow automatic adjustment by the pinion 162, the threaded rod 164 which can freely rotate during the initial adjustment, is locked as soon as this adjustment is completed.



   In this bat, the housings of the crossbar 168 receiving one end of the thumbscrews 170 are threaded on the right, while the corresponding housings of the crossbar 169 are threaded on the left, so that when, by means of the is 170, we move apart or bring closer the aforesaid sleepers, oelles-oi are blocked on the thread of the rod 164 and prevent its rotation.



  On the other hand, when the aforesaid crossbars are placed in an average position, the rod 164 is released and can be turned using the handwheel 171. In order to be able to carry out the adjustment by hand, the rod 164 is released and this adjustment is made. When finished, the thumbscrews 170 are turned until the locked rod 164 becomes rigidly secured to the cross member 169 and can slide with the latter on the guides 156, during the. automatic adjustment which is' question above and which is caused by the action of. pinion 162 on rod 164 '.



   For this purpose, the pinion 162 is screwed onto the latter rod, so as to have to rotate under the action of the rack 161 controlled by the plunger 40 and the counterweight 131.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 27>

 



   Therefore, when the rod 164 is locked after the initial adjustment, any rotation of the. pinion 162 will force the rod 164 and the crossmembers 168 and 169 to move axially, which will allow, depending on the direction of this movement, to increase or decrease the stroke of the piston 150 in the cylinder of the pump 147, by increasing or . by reducing the pressure to be exerted on the metal in the pump 37.



   The valves 51 and 77 operate in the manner previously described and by their clearance cause the aforementioned piston 150 to move.



   When the discharge of the molten metal through the beo 38 is obtained. by the evaporation of a liquid injected into the pump 37 (Fig. 8), the cam 180 replaces the oame 52 previously described.



   As can be seen in Fig. 8, after the piston 190 has sucked liquid through the conduit 198 and the valve 196, the blade 182 pushes the piston 190 back a distance depending on the setting of said. cam, so that a determined amount of. liquid is injected through the tube 204 into the pump 37 above the molten metal, The sudden evaporation of this liquid under the influence of the high temperature prevailing in the pump, causes the closing of the valve 39 and the discharge molten metal through the nozzle 38.



   During the admission of the liquid, the exhaust valve 77 interposed on the duct 99 remains closed, but it opens as soon as a sufficient quantity of metal has been discharged so as to allow the escape of the vapor by. the tubes 209, 81 and 82. The bypass 66 controlled by the valve 132 whose degree of opening depends on. level of the metal in the crucible 36, allows part of the steam to escape, without passing through the valve 77. so as to automatically adjust the pressure in the pump 37.



     In the variants according to Figs. 9 and 10, in which

 <Desc / Clms Page number 28>

 the working fluid or gas exerts its pressure on the mass of the molten metal by means of a plunger 219, the distribution of the working fluid or gas is controlled by the valves 51 and 77 in the manner described above, with this difference that the conduit 53 leads to the auxiliary pump 226, instead of opening into the pump 37.



   As the mold closes, the inlet valve 51 opens and the exhaust valve 77 closes, so that the molding fluid moves the piston 229, its rod 225 and passes through it 238 to -that the latter abuts against the pan-nuts 240, allowing the adjustment of the displacement of the rod 225 and, therefore, of the plunger 219.



   The return spring 244, under tension during the downward stroke of the piston 229, causes the latter to rise as soon as the casting has been completed, the valve 77 opens and releases the pressure in the pump 226. The ball valve 39 also works in the way already described.



   The lead flow regulation system in the event of level variations. of metal in the crucible 36 which can be applied to this variant is described in the variant below.



   The variant according to Fig.lO differs from that shown in Fig.9 by the absence of the tight seal closing the pump 37.



   The mechanism of this variant also operates in the manner already described.



   It results from the examination of. drawing that when the plunger 40 ohange level, the displacement of the cable 61 causes the relation of. pinion 264 which tends to screw or unscrew the rod 263 in the cross member 259, so as to lower or raise the rods 260 and @ their nuts 261 which, when going up or down, controls the stroke of the flange 238 supported against the collar 270 by the spring 244 and consequently limited the movement of the plunger 219 towards the bottom of the pump 37.



   It follows from the above, whatever its form

 <Desc / Clms Page number 29>

 embodiment, the machine according to the invention offers many advantages especially in the case of casting lead and other metals capable of cooling very rapidly, and of comprising oxides or impurities.



   It makes it possible, in fact, to pour very hot metal without causing any foreign matter sudites.



   On the other hand, the maohine mechanism works in a fully automatic way and the quantity of metal intended for a casting remains constant for a determined initial setting, without being influenced by variations in the level of the metal. molten content in the crucible of the furnace.



   It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the only formal embodiments described and / on shown, because the machine can be modified by deleting certain devices described or by adding other devices or even, them. The devices described can be modified in their construction details oct replaced by others fulfilling the same functions and this without thereby departing from the field of. present invention.



    CLAIMS.

** ATTENTION ** end of DESC field can contain start of CLMS **.


    

Claims (1)

1) Machine for casting metal parts and, in particular, grills of lead accumulator plates or the like, characterized in that it comprises a mold with automatic opening and closing and a pump capable of delivering metal in melting contained in a crucible for melting metal, the aforementioned pump and mold being actuated by the pressure of a working fluid, the distribution of which is automatically regulated so that when the mold is closed, the pump delivers towards the said molds a quantity of metal exactly necessary to fill the latter and independent of variations in. level of the molten metal in the aforesaid crucible. <Desc / Clms Page number 30> 2) Machine according to claim 1, c a r a c t é r i - sée in that it comprises several molds and several pumps pushing molten metal from a seal oa of several crucibles. 3) Machine according to claims lea 2 charac- terized in that a motor fluid of the same nature is used to ensure the operation of the mold and lice exert pressure on the surface of the molten metal in the pump. . 4) Machine according to claims 1 or Z, c a r a c té - ized ép in that the driving agent used for the delivery of the metal from the pump is of a different nature than the driving fluid used to actuate the mold. 5) Machine according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the motor flaide ensuring the operation of the mold is used to actuate an auxiliary pump creating pressure in the pump for delivering the molten metal. 6) Machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pump for the delivery of the molten metal is placed in the interior of the crucible so as to be surrounded by the mass of metal in fusion) and communicates with this mass by means of a valve which closes automatically either the effect of the pressure exerted on the metal contained, in the pump, or a mechanically controlled valve * 7) Machine according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure exerted on the metal contained in the aforesaid pump is maintained self-. constant matiquemetn by an adjustment device depending on the level of the metal contained in the crucible) and actuated by the variations of said level. 8) Machine according to claim 7 in that the aforesaid adjustment device is arranged so <Desc / Clms Page number 31> to act on the pressure. or. the quantity of. motor fluid admitted to the aforementioned pump. 9) Machine according to claims 5, 6 and 7 in which use is made of an auxiliary piston pump charac- terized in that the aforesaid adjustment device is arranged so as to vary the length of the stroke. of the aforementioned auxiliary pump piston. 10) Machine according to liana or the cave of revendioations 6 to 9, characterized in that the aforesaid adjustment device is actuated by a float or plunger plaoé 'on or in the molten metal contained. in the hollow 11) Machine according to claims 6,7,8 and 10. oara c- adjustment / tered in that the device / consists of a movable valve interposed in an duct allowing the exhaust of the motor fluid from the aforementioned pump. 12) Machine seloh claims 6,7,9 and 10 o a r a ct é r ied in that the sudit device is constituted by a member forming 'pack of the rod of. piston of the aforementioned auxiliary pump and movable by the aforesaid plunger or float, 13) Machine according to claim 12 wherein the aforesaid auxiliary pump is a piston pump, o a r a t é - ized in that in the extension of the piston rod deplaga'ble in one direction by the pressure of. motor fluid and solicited in the opposite direction by a return spring, is placed a threaded rod screwed into a member capable of continuous movement parallel to the axis of the. aforesaid piston, and capable of being prevented from turning, this rod supporting an eoror or able to turn us Inaction of the plunger or. said float, so that, lor @ that the aforesaid rod is prevented from rotating, the rotation of said éorou causes an axial displacement of the aforesaid rod, the end of which forms the aforesaid stop. 14) Machine according to claim 6, c a r a c t é r i - e in that the delivery pipe of the pump is arranged <Desc / Clms Page number 32> EMI32.1 in the aforementioned crucible and opens aa-deasM da maximum level of the metal in this crucible * 15) Machine according to Ilane oa the other of the preceding claims, 0 a r a 0 téisé. in o. that the oTert8re and the closing of the mold are controlled by a piston Tarin whose operation is regulated by an engine floide distributor and that the operation of the saai41te pump is regulated by engine fluid intake and exhaust valves #r, the said ilistribator and valves being aotée by a common control device $ such as a member of the machine animated dtan EMI32.2 contained rotational movement EMI32.3 16) Machine according to claim 15, o a r a t é r 1 - s é e in that the said distributor is aon @% 1% aé per year rotary timber having grooves on and side wall, and housed in a fixed body provided with passages oommltniqaant rebpeo- tively with the deax ends of the aforementioned vellum cylinder with the source of the motor flaiàe pressurized us and with the place towards which the motor fluid must be erased from the sasdit cylinder. 17) Machine for the swallowing of metal pieoet and in particular grids of lead aoonmmiatearw plates and similar parts as described * oi-de.8 'and / or shown in the drawings ai enneas.