BE370440A - - Google Patents

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Publication number
BE370440A
BE370440A BE370440DA BE370440A BE 370440 A BE370440 A BE 370440A BE 370440D A BE370440D A BE 370440DA BE 370440 A BE370440 A BE 370440A
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
engines
hand
relates
well
question
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
French (fr)
Publication of BE370440A publication Critical patent/BE370440A/fr

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Description

       

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



  " Perfectionnements apportés aux moteurs à combustion interne:' 
L'invention est relative aux moteurs à combustion interne. 



   Elle a pour but, surtout, de rendre tels, lesdits moteurs, qu'ils répondent, mieux que jusqu'ici, aux desiderata de la pratique. 



   Elle consiste, principalement, d'une part, à munir les moteurs du genre en question de moyens propres à permet- tre de faire varier, en cours de fonctionnement, la courbe d'ouverture de leurs soupapes d'admission, de manière que l'on puisse rendre plus ou moins facile le remplissage des-   cylin-   dres par le fluide aspiré, et, d'autre part, à donner   auxdita   moteurs un taux de compression supérieur à celui admissible, pour le carburant envisagé et au niveau de la mer, pour les conditions assurant le remplissage le plus complet des cylin- dres. 



   Elle consiste, mise à part cette disposition, princi- 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 pale, en certaines autres dispositions, qui s'utilisent de préférence en même temps et dont il sera plus explicitement parlé ci-après. 



   Elle vise plus particulièrement certains modes d'ap- plication, ainsi que certains modes de réalisation, desdites dispositions; et elle vise plus particulièrement encore, et ce à titre de produits industriels nouveaux, les moteurs du genre en question comportant application desdites dispositions, les éléments spéciaux propres   à leur   établissement ainsi que les ensembles, fixes ou mobiles, notamment les véhicules automo- biles terrestres et aériens,, comportant de tels moteurs. 



   Et elle pourra, de toute façon, être bien comprise à l'aide du complément de description qui suit, ainsi que du dessin ci-annexé, lesquels complément et dessin sont, bien en- tendu, donnés surtout à titre d'indication. 



   La figure unique, que comporte ce dessin, montre, en coupe verticale, la partie supérieure d'un cylindre de mo- teur à explosions établi conformément à l'invention. 



   Selon l'invention et plus particulièrement selon ceux de ses modes d'application, ainsi que ceux des modes de réalisation de ses diverses parties, auxquels il semble qu'il y ait lieu d'accorder la préférence, se proposant d'établir un moteur à explosions monocylindrique, destiné à marcher à l'es- sence ordinaire, on s'y prend comme suit ou de façon analogue. 



     En,   ce qui concerne tout d'abord l'ensemble dudit mo- teur, à l'exception de son dispositif de distribution relatif à sa soupape d'admission, ainsi que de celles des dimensions de certains de ses or- ganes déterminant le taux de compression (c'est-à-dire entre les cylindrées délimitées, d'une part, par le piston à son point mort bas, et, d'autre part, par le piston à son point mort haut), on l'établit d'une manière appropriée quelconque, par 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 3> 

 exemple de celle qu'indiquent sommairement les dessins. 



   En ce qui concerne, maintenant, le dispositif de distribution relatif à la soupape d'admission dudit moteur, on l'agence de manière telle, qu'il permette de faire varier, en cours de fonctionnement, la courbe d'ouverture de ladite soupape de manière que l'on puisse rendre plus ou moins fa- cile le remplissage du cylindre par le fluide aspiré, ce pour quoi, par exemple, ou bien on établit ledit dispositif de manière que la durée d'ouverture de la soupape puisse varier, la levée res- tant ou non constante, ce que l'on peut réaliser de nombreu- ses manières en soi connues, par exemple en ayant recours à un arbre à cames susceptible de coulisser axialement et por- tant des cames allongées de profil variable selon leur lon- gueur (c'est-à-dire présentant des profils différents selon les divers plans perpendiculaires à l'axe de rotation), ou bien, et mieux,

   on établit ledit dispositif de maniè- re que la durée d'ouverture de la soupape reste constante mais que la hauteur de sa levée à un instant donné du cycle puisse Varier, ce pourquoi, par exemple, on a recours à. la disposi- tion représentée sur le dessin et selon laquelle on monte la soupape   d'admission a   de la manière usuelle dans la culasse du cylindre, on dispose un arbre à cames présentant une came b à l'a- plomb de la tige c de la soupape a, et on interpose, entre ledit arbre à came et ladite tige c, un système de leviers à bras variables permettant, par le déplacement d'un organe, d'obtenir une levée de soupape de du- rée toujours la même mais d'amplitude variable à volonté. 



   On constitue, par exemple, ledit système par deux basculeurs à et e tels et que l'on articule de manière elle- même telle, autour d'axes appropriés, d'une part, que l'extrémité de l'un soit      l'articulation de l'autre, 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 4> 

   dautre   part, qu'ils soient sensiblement parallèles en- tre eux et perpendiculaires à la tige c d'autre part encore, que la face supérieure du basculeur supérieur d puisse coagir avec la came b tandis que la face inférieure du basculeur inférieure soit en contact avec la tige de soupape, et, d'autre part enfin, que leurs faces en regard soient planes et parallèles lorsque le bossage de la came ne porte pas sur le baaculeur d, basculeurs entre lesquels on dispose un galet f tel, et réuni de manière elle-même ternie, à une commande appropriée g,

   qu'il puisse être déplacé tout en restant en contact avec les faces, en regard des susdits basculeurs, ce qui permet l'angle d'oscillation du basculeur d restant constant, d'obte- nir, pour le basculeur e, un angle d'oscillation dépendant de la position du galet f. 



   En ce qui concerne, enfin, celles des dimensions des organes du moteur dont dépend le taux de compression, on les détermine de manière telle que ledit taux de compression soit supérieur à celui admissible, pour le carburant envisagé et au niveau de la mer, lorsque la levée de soupape est maximum, par exemple un taux de compression de 15,   da@@   le   ca@   de   @   
En auite de   quoi,on   obtient un moteur dont le fonc- tionnement est le suivant dans les divers cas d'utilisation que l'on peut envisager. 



   A supposer que ledit moteur soit monté sur un aéro- plane ou sur un véhicule appelé à fonctionner en montagne, on règlera, selon l'altitude, la levée de soupape de manière tel- le que le remplissage du cylindre ne se fasse que partielle- ment et dans la mesure nécessaire pour que la compression ré- elle du mélange soit, à chaque instant, voisine de la   compres-   sion optimum pour le carburant utilisé. 



   A supposer, maintenant, que ledit moteur soit appelé à fonctionner avec des combustibles divers, à chacun desquels corresponde une compression optimum différente, on réglera la 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 5> 

 levée de soupape de manière à se rapprocher autant que possi- ble des conditions les meilleures. 



   Le dispositif venant d'être décrit présente, sur ceux déjà existants et selon lesquels on prévoyait, dans la conduite d'aspiration, en amont de la soupape mais en aval de l'étrangleur normal, un étrangleur propre à faire varier le degré de remplissage, de grands avantages, notamment celui que la vitesse d'entrée des gaz dans le cylindre est toujours très grande car elle se fait par un orifice (l'ouverture annulaire découverte par la soupape) de section variant dans le même sens que la quantité de fluide à aspirer, donc par un orifice de très faible section lorsque la quantité de fluide à aspirer est faible. 



   De là résulte un bien meilleur brassage des fluides aspirés   d'où.   un meilleur rendement. 



   Gomme il va de soi, et comme il ressort d'ailleurs déjà de ce qui précède, l'invention ne se limite aucunement à celui de ses modes d'application, non plus qu'à ceux des mo- des de réalisation de ses diverses parties, ayant plus spécia- lement été décrites; elle en embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes, notamment celles où le dispositif pour l'ac- tionnement de la soupape d'admission serait établi de toute autre manière que celles susindiquées.     



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



  "Improvements to internal combustion engines: '
The invention relates to internal combustion engines.



   Its aim, above all, is to make the said motors such that they respond better than hitherto to the desiderata of practice.



   It consists, mainly, on the one hand, in providing the engines of the type in question with means suitable for making it possible to vary, during operation, the opening curve of their intake valves, so that the 'it is possible to make the filling of the cylinders with the fluid sucked more or less easy, and, on the other hand, to give the said engines a compression ratio higher than that admissible, for the fuel envisaged and at sea level , for conditions ensuring the most complete filling of the cylinders.



   It consists, apart from this provision, mainly

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 pale, in certain other arrangements, which are preferably used at the same time and which will be discussed more explicitly below.



   It relates more particularly to certain modes of application, as well as certain embodiments, of said provisions; and it relates more particularly still, and this as new industrial products, to the engines of the type in question comprising application of the said provisions, the special elements specific to their establishment as well as the sets, fixed or mobile, in particular the land motor vehicles. and aerial, comprising such engines.



   And it can, in any event, be clearly understood with the aid of the additional description which follows, as well as the appended drawing, which supplement and drawing are, of course, given above all by way of indication.



   The single figure contained in this drawing shows, in vertical section, the upper part of an explosion engine cylinder constructed in accordance with the invention.



   According to the invention and more particularly according to those of its modes of application, as well as those of the embodiments of its various parts, to which it seems that preference should be given, proposing to establish an engine Single-cylinder explosions, intended to operate on ordinary gasoline, the procedure is as follows or analogously.



     As regards, first of all, the whole of said engine, with the exception of its distribution device relating to its intake valve, as well as those of the dimensions of some of its components determining the rate compression (i.e. between the displacements delimited, on the one hand, by the piston at its bottom dead center, and, on the other hand, by the piston at its top dead center), it is established in any suitable way, by

 <Desc / Clms Page number 3>

 example of that briefly indicated in the drawings.



   As regards, now, the distribution device relating to the intake valve of said engine, it is arranged in such a way that it makes it possible to vary, during operation, the opening curve of said valve. so that the filling of the cylinder with the sucked fluid can be made more or less easy, for which, for example, or the said device is set up so that the duration of the opening of the valve can vary, the lift remaining or not constant, which can be achieved in many ways known per se, for example by using a camshaft capable of sliding axially and carrying elongated cams of variable profile according to their length (that is to say having different profiles according to the various planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation), or, and better,

   said device is established in such a way that the duration of opening of the valve remains constant but that the height of its lifting at a given instant of the cycle can vary, which is why, for example, recourse is had to. the arrangement shown in the drawing and according to which the inlet valve a is mounted in the usual manner in the cylinder head, a camshaft is placed having a cam b at the point of the rod c of the valve a, and between said camshaft and said rod c is interposed a system of levers with variable arms making it possible, by the displacement of a member, to obtain a valve lift of always the same duration but of variable amplitude at will.



   Said system is, for example, constituted by two rockers at and e such and which are articulated in such a way, around appropriate axes, on the one hand, that the end of one is the articulation of the other,

 <Desc / Clms Page number 4>

   on the other hand, that they are substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the rod c on the other hand, that the upper face of the upper rocker d can coact with the cam b while the lower face of the lower rocker is in contact with the valve stem, and, on the other hand, finally, that their opposite faces are plane and parallel when the boss of the cam does not bear on the rocker baaculeur between which there is a roller f such, and joined together way itself tarnished, to an appropriate command g,

   that it can be moved while remaining in contact with the faces, facing the aforesaid rockers, which allows the angle of oscillation of the rocker d remaining constant, to obtain, for the rocker e, an angle d oscillation depending on the position of the roller f.



   As regards, finally, those of the dimensions of the engine components on which the compression ratio depends, they are determined in such a way that said compression ratio is greater than that admissible, for the fuel envisaged and at sea level, when valve lift is maximum, for example a compression ratio of 15, da @@ le ca @ de @
As a result, a motor is obtained whose operation is as follows in the various use cases which can be envisaged.



   Assuming that said engine is mounted on an aircraft or on a vehicle called upon to operate in the mountains, the valve lift will be adjusted, depending on the altitude, in such a way that the cylinder is only partially filled. and to the extent necessary so that the actual compression of the mixture is, at all times, close to the optimum compression for the fuel used.



   Assuming, now, that said engine is called upon to operate with various fuels, to each of which a different optimum compression corresponds, the

 <Desc / Clms Page number 5>

 valve lift so as to approximate the best conditions as much as possible.



   The device just described has, on those already existing and according to which provision was made, in the suction line, upstream of the valve but downstream of the normal throttle, a throttle suitable for varying the degree of filling. , great advantages, in particular that the speed of entry of the gases in the cylinder is always very high because it is done by an orifice (the annular opening discovered by the valve) of section varying in the same direction as the quantity of fluid to be sucked, therefore through an orifice of very small section when the quantity of fluid to be sucked is small.



   From this results a much better mixing of the fluids sucked from where. better performance.



   As it goes without saying, and as moreover already emerges from what precedes, the invention is in no way limited to that of its modes of application, nor to those of the modes of realization of its various parts, which have been more specially described; it embraces, on the contrary, all the variants thereof, in particular those where the device for actuating the inlet valve is established in any manner other than those indicated above.


    

Claims (1)

R E S U M E. ABSTRACT. L'invention a pour objet des perfectionnements ap- portés aux moteurs à combustion interne, lesquels. perfection- nements consistent, principalement, d'une part, à munir les moteurs du genre en question de moyens propres à permettre de faire varier, en cours de fonctionnement, la courbe d'ouver- ture de leurs soupapes d'admission, de manière que l'on puisse rendre plus ou moins facile le remplissage des cylindres par le fluide aspiré, et, d'autre part, à donner auxdits moteurs un taux de compression supérieur à celui admissible, pour le carburant envisagé et au niveau de la mer, pour les conditions <Desc/Clms Page number 6> assurant le remplissage le plus complet des cylindres. The invention relates to improvements made to internal combustion engines, which. These improvements consist mainly, on the one hand, in providing engines of the type in question with means suitable for making it possible to vary, during operation, the opening curve of their inlet valves, in such a way that it is possible to make filling the cylinders with the fluid sucked more or less easy, and, on the other hand, to give said engines a compression ratio greater than that admissible, for the fuel envisaged and at sea level, for the conditions <Desc / Clms Page number 6> ensuring the most complete filling of the cylinders. Elle vise plus particulièrement certains modes d'application, ain- si que certains modes de réalisation,.desdits perfectionne- ments; et elle vise plus particulièrement encore, et ce à ti- tre de produits industriels nouveaux, les moteurs du genre en question comportant application de ces mêmes perfectionnements, les éléments spéciaux propres à leur établissement ainsi que les ensembles, fixes ou mobiles, notamment les véhicules au- tomobiles terrestres et aériens, comportant de tels moteurs. It relates more particularly to certain modes of application, as well as certain embodiments, of said improvements; and it relates more particularly still, and this as new industrial products, to the engines of the type in question comprising the application of these same improvements, the special elements specific to their establishment as well as the sets, fixed or mobile, in particular the vehicles. land and air automobiles, incorporating such motors.
BE370440D BE370440A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001083953A1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-08 Curtis William P Adjustable overhead rocker cam
WO2002006642A1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-24 Thyssen Krupp Automotive Ag Valve lift controllers
WO2003062609A1 (en) * 2002-01-16 2003-07-31 Lotus Cars Limited Valve operating mechanisms
EP1484479A3 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-08-24 H.P.E. High Performance Engineering S.r.l. Variable-lift timing system for an internal combustion engine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001083953A1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2001-11-08 Curtis William P Adjustable overhead rocker cam
WO2002006642A1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-24 Thyssen Krupp Automotive Ag Valve lift controllers
WO2003062609A1 (en) * 2002-01-16 2003-07-31 Lotus Cars Limited Valve operating mechanisms
EP1484479A3 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-08-24 H.P.E. High Performance Engineering S.r.l. Variable-lift timing system for an internal combustion engine

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