BE1020837A3 - FIXING SYSTEM FOR SOLAR PANELS. - Google Patents

Description

"Fixing system for solar panels"

The present invention relates to a system for fixing at least one solar panel to be positioned on platforms or flat roofs, having an upper face and a lower face, comprising a first open profile having a first portion and a second portion an upper flat surface for laying said lower face of said solar panel and a fixing lug arranged to bear on said upper face of said solar panel, said fixing lug being further arranged to be traversed by a fixing screw fixing in said first open profile.

Different types of fastening systems for solar panels are known from the state of the art.

Generally, a side portion of a solar panel is positioned on a profile placed horizontally or vertically and having a substantially flat surface. A fixing lug traversed by a fixing screw is commonly used to fix the solar panel on said profile. Said fixing lug is arranged to bear against the upper face of the solar panel in order to support it against said profile during the tightening of said fixing screw. Thus, said fixing screw, for example a self-drilling screw widely used for this type of assembly, is anchored directly in said profile by perforating it.

An alternative relies on the use of profiles provided with pre-existing perforations arranged to receive a screw / nut system. In this case, the fixing screw passes first through said fixing lug bearing against the upper face of the solar panels and then through a perforation of said profile. It is then necessary to properly position the nut so that it engages in the threads of said fixing screw and to ensure the tightening of said screw / nut system to fix said solar panel on said profile and to align the screw in the perforation of the profile, which is a gymnastics inconvenient for the operator when the fastening tab covers the hole and prevents the sight of it. This type of profile provided with perforations has the disadvantage of being weak and not very resistant to mechanical stresses because of the presence of said perforations along the length of said profile.

Thus, unfortunately, such fixing systems for solar panels have problems of robustness, their resistance to mechanical stresses, for example the mechanical stress related to the weight of the solar panels or to those due to the force of the wind pressing against the solar panels, being reduced because of the perforations created during the tightening of said fixing screw directly in the material of said profile or because of pre-existing perforations in said profile. Moreover, such fastening systems for solar panels are restrictive and do not allow easy and quick installation of solar panels. A major difficulty encountered with this type of fastening system is the square positioning of the solar panel on the profile since it is necessary both to maintain the panel in place on the profile, hold the bracket in an appropriate direction for that the angle positioning is respected when clamped against said solar panel, this requiring, at the same time, to apply a force on said fixing screw (self-drilling screw or screw / nut system) to ensure its clamping and Precision to align the screw in the mounting hole masked by the bracket. It is therefore particularly complicated to obtain a mounting where the solar panels are easily and quickly mounted square because the slightest sliding of the solar panel and / or said fixing lug and / or the fastening means makes this setting at the square is lost.

Moreover, in the case of fastening systems for solar panels where the fastening means are anchored directly in the material of the profiles and if it is found, after fixing, that the panels are not positioned at a correct angulation, the The operator is required to shift the panels a little and therefore said fixing lug and to perform a new perforation in the material of the profile may be very close to the previous. Consequently, said fixing screw has a strong risk of widening the first perforation, which has the result of not ensuring correct anchoring and causing play in the binding and disturbs the alignment of the panels that the operator was trying to correct. correct. Not only does this new perforation further reduce the resistance of said profile to mechanical stresses but can also cause the operator to change the profile, the former having become unusable.

The invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by providing a fastening system for solar panels whose resistance to mechanical stresses is constant and not weakened by the establishment of said fixing screw, while allowing a quick, easy and low-constraining installation of solar panels on said profiles of said fixing system for solar panels.

By easy assembly and little binding solar panels, is meant, in the sense of the present invention, an assembly, allowing a quick setting in a minimum of steps, said solar panels on said profiles.

By the terms "solar panels" within the meaning of the present invention means solar panels or photovoltaic or any type of panel to be positioned on a platform or a flat surface or a flat roof, requiring inclined orientation. This type of panel may for example be a communication medium, a screen, or the like.

To solve this problem, it is provided according to the invention, a fixing system for solar panel as indicated at the beginning characterized in that said first open profile comprises a U-shaped groove comprising a first and a second substantially vertical walls. lateral sections connected in an upper part respectively to said first part and to said second part of the upper flat laying surface and connected to one another in a lower part by a horizontal bottom wall, said U-shaped groove being provided at its upper part with two internal lips directed towards the U-shaped groove, each of said lips being perpendicular to one of the vertical walls of said U-shaped groove, said U-shaped groove being furthermore arranged to receive a clamping means of said fixing screw to ensure its clamping while said two internal lips are arranged to block uer said clamping means abutting.

Such a fastening system, having a U-shaped groove with two internal lips serving as a stop for a clamping means inserted in said groove, allows clamping of said fixing screw without having to anchor it in the material of said profile or without having to insert it into a pre-existing perforation present on said profile. Indeed, the fastening system for solar panel according to the invention comprises a profile with a groove arranged to accommodate a clamping means of said screw. It is therefore no longer a question of perforating said profile or engaging said screw in a pre-existing perforation on said profile to fix said fixing lug against the upper face of said solar panel but to benefit from the intrinsic characteristics of the profile according to the invention. Said section according to the invention is in fact arranged so that the fixing screw engages in a clamping means, for example in a square section nut then positioned in said groove, said clamping means pressing against said two lips internal stop. Thus, said profile of said support for solar panels according to the invention must not include pre-existing perforations for the establishment of said fixing screw and said clamping means and is not weakened by the perforations created surface if the screwing said fixing screw is directly made in the material of said profile. The profile according to the invention therefore retains optimum resistance to mechanical stresses following the fixing of the solar panels according to the invention.

Advantageously, according to the invention, said first portion of said upper planar laying surface is provided with at least a first projection perpendicular to said upper planar laying surface and extending parallel to said first and second substantially vertical side walls of said throat. in the form of a U of said first open section, said first projection being arranged to block and align said at least one solar panel placed on said first part of said upper flat laying surface along said U-shaped groove, by positioning said first projection against a lateral side of said solar panel.

This first projection allows the operator to align in one step a lateral side of a solar panel parallel to said U-shaped groove. It is therefore not necessary to take measurements or use special tools , for example a level, to achieve perfect alignment along said U-shaped groove when the solar panel is placed on said profile.

In an equally advantageous manner, according to the invention, said second part of said upper planar laying surface is provided with at least one second projection perpendicular to said upper planar laying surface and extending parallel to said first and second substantially vertical walls. lateral to said U-shaped groove of said first open profile, said second projection being arranged to block and align said at least one solar panel placed on said second portion of said upper planar laying surface along said U-shaped groove, positioning said second projection against a lateral side of said solar panel.

Similarly, said second projection allows easy and fast alignment of a lateral side of a solar panel parallel to said U-shaped groove.

Preferably, according to the invention, said first portion of said upper planar laying surface is provided with at least one first abutment transverse to said upper planar laying surface and extending upwardly relative to said groove in the form of U of said first open section, said first stop being arranged to block and align said at least one solar panel placed on said first part of said upper flat surface perpendicularly relative to said U-shaped groove, by positioning said first stop against a base of said solar panel.

This first abutment transverse to said upper planar and upwardly extending surface forms a support for the base of said solar panel and permits alignment and blockage of said solar panel against said profile. In association with said first protrusion mentioned above, this first stop allows a quick and easy squaring of said solar panel. Indeed, in a single step, the operator is able to properly position the solar panel by aligning both against said first projection and against said first stop.

Preferably, according to the invention, said second portion of said upper planar laying surface is provided with at least one second abutment transverse to said upper planar laying surface and extending upwardly with respect to said U-shaped groove. said first open profile, said second stop being arranged to block and align said at least one solar panel placed on said second portion of said upper flat surface perpendicularly relative to said U-shaped groove, by positioning said second stop against a base of said solar panel.

Similarly, said second abutment transverse to said upper planar surface laying and extending upwards allows to align and block the solar panel which is square in a single step easy and fast.

Advantageously, according to the invention, said first open profile constitutes a side of a lateral support triangle for solar panel, said support triangle further comprising a second profile and a third profile, said second profile forming the base of said support triangle. lateral and being connected by a rotary articulation means to the first open section and by a first removable rotary connection means positionable in at least one position in at least one locking orifice present transversely on said second profile, said third section being connected by a second removable rotary connection means positionable in at least one position in at least one locking orifice present transversely on said first section.

Such a lateral support triangle is particularly suitable for placing and supporting solar panels on flat surfaces, for example on flat roofs. Indeed, a lateral support triangle allows to define a precise inclination of the solar panels to ensure optimal sunshine of the latter.

Preferably, according to the invention, said rotary articulation means allows a positioning of said first profile and second profile in an inclined manner relative to each other at an angle α of 0 to 180 °.

Preferably, according to the invention, said first removable rotary connection means allows positioning of said third profile and second profile in an inclined manner with respect to each other at an angle α of 0 to 180 °.

Preferably, according to the invention, said second removable rotary connection means allows positioning of said third profile and first section in an inclined manner relative to each other at an angle α of 0 to 180 °.

Advantageously, according to the invention, said second section comprises a series of orifices arranged to receive an end of said third profile, preferably of three orifices and thus define angle values of 10 ° to 20 °, from 20 to 40 ° and from 40 ° to 60 °.

Advantageously, said first section comprises a series of orifices arranged to receive one end of said third, preferably three orifices, and thus define angle values of 10 ° to 20 °, 20 to 40 ° and 40 ° to 60 °. .

For the purposes of the present invention, the terms "orifices" mean perforations made in a profile or notches made in a profile.

All these possible variations of angles allow the operator to choose an adequate angulation according to the place where the solar panels are placed. Thus, with a single lateral support triangle, several angulations can be envisaged, depending on the positioning of the different profiles relative to each other, which is made possible by the presence of orifices at several locations on the same profile. By determining where a given profile will be connected to another profile, the operator chooses and sets the desired angle.

Preferably, according to the invention, said third section is arranged to fold on said second section by rotation around said first removable rotary connection means towards said second profile to form a first interlock and in that said first profile is arranged to folding on said first interlocking rotation about said rotary articulation means towards said first interlocking to form a second interlock, said second interlocking forming a rectangular parallelepiped.

Obtaining a rectangular parallelepiped, following the interlocking of the three sections of said lateral support triangle, is particularly advantageous since the support triangles thus "folded" can be easily superimposed on each other, for example during their transport, this avoiding that the profiles of a folded lateral support triangle do not fit or even get stuck or entangled in the profiles of another folded lateral support triangle.

Advantageously, according to the invention, said third profile comprises a central groove arranged to receive said first profile during the formation of said second interlocking.

Preferably, according to the invention, said third profile comprises at least one stop perpendicular to its upper face and extending perpendicular to said central groove and upwards, said stop being arranged to block and align at least one panel placed on said upper face of said third profile perpendicular to said central groove, by positioning said stop against a base of said panel.

This abutment perpendicular to said central groove of said third section and extending upwardly allows in particular to correctly position a plate between two lateral support triangles to close the rear portion extending between the two lateral support triangles, for example to limit the pressure exerted by the wind on the solar panels.

Preferably, according to the invention, said clamping means of said screw is a nut, preferably a square section nut whose section allows a locking of said clamping means of said screw in said U-shaped groove. Such a nut whose section is substantially identical to that of said U-shaped groove allows a locking of said nut against said lateral vertical walls of said U-shaped groove, which ensures adequate and optimal clamping of said nut abutting against said two internal lips directed towards said U-shaped groove.

Preferably, according to the invention, the various elements are made of aluminum, steel, stainless steel or any other suitable material.

Advantageously, the fastening system according to the invention comprises three lateral support triangles according to the invention for fixing two solar panels side by side, said three lateral support triangles being aligned along a common axis and positioned so that the distance between two successive support elements corresponds to the width of a solar panel.

Preferably, according to the invention, said fixing lug is flat or U-shaped. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, said fixing lug comprises at least one arm bearing against said upper face of said solar panel. Thus, if said bracket must allow to fix two solar panels side by side simultaneously, it will be provided with two arms. On the other hand, if said fixing lug is to fix only one solar panel, it will be provided with only one arm at one end, the other end being provided with an amount perpendicular to said arm towards the bottom to bear against said upper flat surface pose.

Preferably, according to the invention, said U-shaped groove has a width less than a spacing between two solar panels.

In another variant according to the present invention, a rear panel is attached to said third section to close the rear of the triangle and thus prevent wind resistance, to avoid the use of ballast weights which are generally problematic in that the operator must still transport them and position them in places that are often difficult to access.

Other embodiments of the fastening system according to the invention are indicated in the appended claims.

The invention also relates to a method of fixing at least one solar panel on a solar panel fixing system comprising the steps of: - feeding and placing at least one solar panel on said first part and / or on said second portion of an upper flat surface for laying said first profile, - said fixing screw engaged in said fixing lug, - said fixing screw clamping in said first profile, characterized in that it further comprises the following steps before said clamping step: - engagement of said fixing screw in said clamping means of said fixing screw to obtain a first assembly, - engagement of said clamping means of said fixing screw in said U-shaped groove of said first open section, - sliding said first assembly by sliding said clamping means of said fixing screw in said U-shaped groove of said first section open rt, and in that said clamping step causes said clamping means to rise along said fastening screw until said clamping means of said fastening screw is secured against said two inner lips of said U-shaped groove arranged to lock said clamping means in abutment to ensure the attachment of said at least one solar panel.

Such a method according to the invention allows a quick and easy installation of said bracket in the right place with respect to previously placed solar panels as explained above, this simply by sliding said first assembly (engaged fixing screw in said clamping means) in said U-shaped groove thus solving the problems associated with the complex placement of the prior systems of having to adjust the position of the fixing screw in the fixing hole while having to apply a consequent force. In addition, since the first assembly is engaged in said U-shaped groove, it is not necessary to maintain said fixing lug which remains in place even before a clamping of said fixing screw in said clamping means.

Other embodiments of the process according to the invention are indicated in the appended claims.

The present invention also relates to an assembly comprising at least one fastening system according to the present invention and at least one solar or photovoltaic panel.

Other embodiments of the assembly according to the invention are indicated in the appended claims. Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below, in a non-limiting way and with reference to attached drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 are front views of a fastening system for solar panels according to the invention.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of an interlocking of the three sections of a lateral support triangle for solar panels according to the invention.

Figure 4 is an illustration of a lateral support triangle for solar panels according to the invention.

In the figures, identical or similar elements bear the same references.

FIG. 1 illustrates a fixing system for solar panels arranged to accommodate two solar panels (1, 2) each having an upper face (3) and a lower face (4). Said solar panels (1, 2) are placed on a first open section (5) having a first portion (6) and a second portion (7) of an upper flat surface for laying said lower face (4) of said solar panels (1, 2). Said first profile (5) comprises a U-shaped groove (8) with two lateral vertical walls (9, 10) connected in an upper part to said first part (6) and to said second part (7) of said flat surface upper and connected to one another in a lower part by a horizontal bottom wall (11). In addition, said U-shaped groove (8) is provided, at its upper part, with two internal lips (12, 13), each perpendicular to one of the lateral vertical walls (9, 10) of said shaped groove. of U (8). This U-shaped groove (8) provided with two internal lips (12, 13) is arranged to receive a clamping means (14) itself intended to receive a fixing screw (15) passing through a tab fastener (16), which rests against said upper face (3) of the two solar panels (1, 2) via two arms (17, 18), each arm (17, 18) being supported on one of the two solar panels (1, 2). When tightening said fixing screw (15) in said clamping means (14), it will go up along the lateral vertical walls (9, 10) of said U-shaped groove (8) and lock in place. abutment against the two inner lips (12, 13) of said U-shaped groove (8), which allows a correct tightening.

Each of the first (6) and second (7) portions of an upper planar seating surface has a projection (19, 20) perpendicular to said upper planar seating surface extending parallel to said side vertical walls (9, 10). said U-shaped groove (8). These protrusions (19, 20), present on said first portion (6) and said second portion (7) of said upper planar laying surface, allow to align the two solar panels (1, 2) by blocking them parallel to said U-shaped groove (8).

Figure 2 also illustrates a fastening system for solar panels where a single solar panel (2) is attached. All the elements indicated in Figure 1 are shown in Figure 2 and have the same function. Only the bracket (16) is different in that it is arranged to bear only on a single solar panel (2). This fixing lug (16) comprises, at one of its ends, a single arm (18) bearing against said upper face (3) of said solar panel (2) and a post (21) at its other end, said upright (21) connecting said fastening tab (16) to said upper planar mounting surface where it rests.

Figure 3 illustrates the rewriting of the three sections constituting a lateral support triangle for solar panels when they are not nested in each other. During the interlocking of the three sections, the second profile (22) forms the base of a rectangular parallelepiped on which said third profile (23) is fitted, comprising a central groove (24) intended to accommodate said U-shaped groove. (8) of said first section (5) when the latter is folded over the first interlock constituted by said second (22) and third profiles (23). An interlocking of said three sections is made possible by the presence of a rotary articulation means (illustrated in FIG. 4) joining said first (5) and said second section (22) and by the presence of a first connection means removable rotator (shown in Figure 4) joining said second (22) and said third (23) profile. When the second removable rotary connection means (illustrated in FIG. 4) joining said third (23) and said first (5) profile is removed and thus disconnects said first (5) and third (23) sections, said first connection means detachable rotatable allows a rotation of said third profile (23) to said second section (22) on which it fits. Then, by rotation of said first profile (5) around said rotary articulation means, said first section (5) engages on the first interlock constituted by said second (22) and third (23) sections.

Figure 4 is an illustration of a side support triangle (25) for solar panels. In this figure, a solar panel (2) is fixed on a lateral support triangle (25) for solar panels formed by the combination of a first (5), a second (22) and a third ( 23) profiled. Said first profile (5) is connected to said second profile (22) via a rotary articulation means (26) while said second profile (22) is connected to said third profile (23) by a first means of removable rotary connection (27) and said third profile (23) is connected to said first profile (5) via a second removable rotatable connection means (28). Said first (5) and second (22) profiles are provided with transverse orifices (29) allowing positioning of said third section (23) in variable positions. Said solar panel (2) is fixed on said first profile (5) via a fastening lug (16) through which a fixing screw (15) is fixed in a clamping means (not visible ) located in said U-shaped groove (8).

It is understood that the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above and that many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

For example, in Figure 4, a ballast weight has been illustrated. According to the present invention, it is also intended to dispense with this ballast weight inconvenient and cumbersome and to position instead, an outer panel, rear, connected to said third section to prevent wind resistance that known ballast weight in itself is sensible to solve.

Claims (21)

1. System for fixing at least one solar panel (1) having an upper face (3) and a lower face (4), comprising a first open profile (5) having a first portion (6) and a second portion ( 7) an upper flat surface for laying said lower face (4) of said solar panel (1) and a fixing lug (16) arranged to bear on said upper face (3) of said solar panel (1), said fixing lug (16) being further arranged to be traversed by a fixing screw (15) fixed in said first open profile (5), characterized in that said first open profile (5) comprises a U-shaped groove (8) comprising a first (9) and a second (10) substantially vertical lateral walls connected in an upper part respectively to said first part (6) and to said second part (7) of the upper flat laying surface and connected to each other to one another in a part i nférieure by a horizontal bottom wall (11), said U-shaped groove (8) being provided at its upper part with two inner lips (12, 13) directed towards said U-shaped groove (8), each of said lips internal (12, 13) being perpendicular to one of the vertical walls (9, 10) of said U-shaped groove (8), said U-shaped groove (8) being further arranged to receive a clamping means (14) of said fixing screw (15) to ensure its clamping while said two inner lips (12, 13) are arranged to block said clamping means (14) in abutment. 2. Fastening system according to claim 1, characterized in that said first portion (6) of said upper planar laying surface is provided with at least a first projection (19) perpendicular to said upper flat surface laying and s' extending parallel to said first and second substantially vertical side walls (9, 10) of said U-shaped groove (8) of said first open profile (5), said first projection (19) being arranged to lock and align said at least one panel solar array (1) placed on said first portion (6) of said upper planar land surface along said U-shaped groove (8), by positioning said first projection (19) against a lateral side of said solar panel (1); ). 3. Fastening system according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said second portion (7) of said upper planar floor surface is provided with at least a second projection (20) perpendicular to said upper flat surface of laying and extending parallel to said first and second substantially vertical side walls (9, 10) of said U-shaped groove (8) of said first open profile (5), said second projection (20) being arranged to block and align said at least one a solar panel (2) placed on said second portion (7) of said upper planar laying surface along said U-shaped groove (8), by positioning said second projection against a lateral side of said solar panel (2) . 4. Fastening system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said first portion (6) of said upper flat surface of laying is provided with at least a first abutment transverse to said upper flat surface of laying and extending upwardly with respect to said U-shaped groove (8) of said first open profile, said first stop being arranged to block and align said at least one solar panel (1) resting on said first portion (6) of said upper planar laying surface perpendicular to said U-shaped groove (8), by positioning said first stop against a base of said solar panel (1). 5. Fastening system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said second portion (7) of said upper flat surface laying is provided with at least a second abutment transverse to said upper flat surface of laying and extending upwardly relative to said U-shaped groove (8) of said first open profile (5), said second stop being arranged to block and align said at least one solar panel (2) resting on said second portion (7) of said upper planar laying surface perpendicular to said U-shaped groove (8), by positioning said second stop against a base of said solar panel (2). 6. Fastening system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said first open profile (5) constitutes a side of a lateral support triangle (25) for solar panel (2), said triangle of support (25) further comprising a second profile (22) and a third profile (23), said second profile (22) forming the base of said lateral support triangle (25) and being connected by rotary articulation means (26). ) to the first open profile (5) and by a first removable rotary connection means (27) positionable in at least one position in at least one locking orifice (29) present transversely on said second section (22), said third section ( 23) being connected by a second removable rotary connection means (28) positionable in at least one position in at least one locking orifice (29) transversely present on said first profile (5). 7. Fastening system according to claim 6, characterized in that said rotary articulation means (26) allows a positioning of said first section (5) and second profile (22) in an inclined manner relative to each other at an angle α of 0 to 180 °. 8. Fastening system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said first removable rotary connection means (27) allows a positioning of said third section (23) and second profile (22) in an inclined manner with respect to the other at an angle of 0 to 180 °. 9. Fastening system according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that said second removable rotary connection means (28) allows a positioning of said third section (23) and first section (5) in an inclined manner, one for to the other at an angle α of 0 to 180 °. 10. Fastening system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that said second profile (22) comprises a series of orifices (29) arranged to receive an end of said third profile (23), preferably of three holes and thus define angle values of 10 ° to 20 °, 20 to 40 ° and 40 ° to 60 °. 11. Fastening system according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that said first section (5) comprises a series of orifices (29) arranged to receive an end of said third section (23), preferably of three holes and thus define angle values of 10 ° to 20 °, 20 to 40 ° and 40 ° to 60 °. 12. Fastening system according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that said third section (23) is arranged to fold on said second section (22) by rotation about said first removable rotary connection means (27). ) towards said second profile (22) to form a first interlock and that said first profile (5) is arranged to fold over said first interlock by rotation about said rotary articulation means (26) towards said first interlocking to form a second interlock, said second interlocking forming a rectangular parallelepiped. 13. Fastening system according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that said third section (23) comprises a central groove (24) arranged to receive said first section (5) during the formation of said second interlocking. 14. Fastening system according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that said third profile (23) comprises at least one stop perpendicular to its upper face and extending perpendicularly to said central groove (24) and to the top, said stop being arranged to block and align at least one panel placed on said upper face of said third profile (23) perpendicular to said central groove (24), by positioning said stop against a base of said panel. 15. Fastening system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said clamping means (14) of said screw (15) is a nut, preferably a square section nut whose section allows a locking of said means clamping (14) said screw (15) into said U-shaped groove (8). 16. Fastening system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the various elements are made of aluminum, steel, stainless steel or any other suitable material. 17. Fastening system characterized in that it comprises three lateral support triangles (25) according to claims 6 to 16 for fixing two solar panels (1, 2) side by side, said three lateral support triangles (25). ) being aligned along a common axis and positioned so that the distance between two successive support elements corresponds to the length of a solar panel (1, 2). 18. Fastening system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said bracket is flat or U-shaped. 19. Fastening system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said U-shaped groove (8) has a width less than a spacing between two solar panels (1, 2). 20. A method of fixing at least one solar panel (2) to a solar panel fixing system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims comprising the steps of: - supply and installation of at least one solar panel (2) on said first part (6) and / or on said second part (7) of an upper flat surface for laying said first profile (5), - engagement of said fixing screw (15) in said fixing lug (16), - tightening said fixing screw (15) in said first profile (5), characterized in that it further comprises the following steps before said clamping step: - engagement of said fixing screw (15) in said clamping means (14) of said fixing screw (15) to obtain a first assembly, - engaging said clamping means (14) of said fixing screw (15) in said U-shaped groove (8) of said first open section (5), - sliding said first assembly by sliding said clamping means (14) of said fixing screw (15) in said U-shaped groove (8) of said first open profile (5), and in that said clamping step causes said clamping means (14) to rise; ) along said fixing screw (15) until said clamping means (14) of said fixing screw (15) is locked against said two inner lips (12, 13) of said U-shaped groove (8) arranged to lock said clamping means (14) in abutment to secure said at least one solar panel (2). 21. An assembly comprising at least one fastening system according to any one of claims 1 to 19 and at least one solar or photovoltaic panel.