BE1018618A4 - FIRE BARRIER. - Google Patents

Abstract

Fire barrier comprising an intermediate layer (22) and / or less an outer layer (20, 21) comprising a flexible or flexible extensible structure (24) resistant to fire, said intermediate layer and said outer layer being interconnected by resistant means to fire during the swelling of the intumescent material, said means forming substantially lines of attachment substantially parallel to each other.

Description

Barrier - fire

The present invention relates to a fire barrier comprising a layer containing intumescent material.

Document GB 2387351 discloses a fire barrier comprising: two outer layers of fire-resistant material; an intermediate layer of intumescent material located between the outer layers; means for keeping the layers together in a normal situation; (A situation where the intumescent layer is not expanded), said means being made of polyethylene, polypropylene or other materials having a determined melting point, and seams limiting the expansion of the layer intumescent material, after the means polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. are broken by elevation of temperature, said seams crossing the intumescent layer.

The fire barrier according to this document does not work for large thicknesses. In addition, the son extending between the outer layers and serving to limit the rate of expansion are not able to withstand significant pressures due to the expansion of the intumescent material.

The fire barrier according to this document, although allowing a controlled expansion of the intumescent layer, does not allow an optimal fire resistance, due to a vertical movement not controlled optimally intumescent layer during its expansion, compared to outer layers.

The present invention aims to remedy this drawback and has for object a fire barrier comprising an intumescent layer attached by fire resistant means arranged or adapted to create distinct links between the intumescent layer and each of the outer layers. The intumescent layer further comprises a fire resistant member adapted to limit the maximum spacing of the outer layers during expansion of the intumescent material.

The invention relates to a fire barrier comprising: - a first outer layer (20) of fire-resistant material; - a second outer layer (21) of fire-resistant material, - an intermediate layer (22) at least partially of intumescent material or associated or comprising an intumescent material, said layer being located between said first and second outer layers, said layer being intended to inflate or to be expanded, when it is subjected to a temperature higher than a swelling temperature; means (23,27) for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the layers together when the intermediate layer (22) is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature, said means being adapted to allow separation of the outer layers from less when the intermediate layer is subjected to a temperature higher than said swelling temperature, and - means (24) for limiting the expansion or swelling of the intermediate layer (22) and / or of one or more outer layers at least partially intumescent material, when subjected to a temperature above said swelling temperature.

The barrier according to the invention is characterized in that the intermediate layer (22) and / or at least one outer layer (20,21) comprises a flexible or flexible extensible structure (24) resistant to fire, said intermediate layer and said layer outer being interconnected by fire-resistant means during swelling of the intumescent material, said means substantially forming fastening lines substantially parallel to each other, said structure (24) being adapted to form (a) between said extensible structure of the intermediate layer (22) and an outer layer (20,21) a series of chambers each having, between two lines of attachment, a variable volume between a minimum volume and a maximum volume during the swelling of intumescent material, (b) between the extensible structure of the outer layer (20,21) and the intermediate layer (22) a series of chambers each having, between two fastening lines, a n variable volume between a minimum volume and a maximum volume during the swelling of intumescent material, or (c) between said extensible structure of the intermediate layer (22) and said extensible structure of an outer layer (20,21) a series of chambers each having, between two lines of attachment, a variable volume between a minimum volume and a maximum volume during the swelling of intumescent material.

Extensible structure is understood to mean a structure which in a contracted state (for example due to one or more folds) has a first length between two fixed points or lines of fixed points, and which in an elongated state (for example once unfolded) has a second length between said fixed points or fixed point lines larger than said first length. In other words, the distance of the section of the structure comprising one or more folds and extending between two successive fixed points of the structure is increased when the said section or part of the structure is in its elongated state (unfolded position or without folds or folds).

According to an advantageous embodiment, the intermediate layer (22) comprises a flexible or flexible structure (24) resistant to fire, said structure (24 having: first parts or zones (24A) distinct connected to the first outer layer (20) optionally with the interposition of an element, separate second portions or zones (24B) connected to the second outer layer, optionally with interposition of an element, said second portions or zones (24B) being remote from said first portions or zones (24A). ), and third portions or areas (24C) extending between the first portions or areas (24A) and the second portions or areas (24B).

The barrier according to the invention is further characterized in that at least said third portions or zones (24C) comprise an intumescent product or are at least partially associated with an intumescent layer.

Advantageously, the third portions or zones (24C) extend at least partially in a median plane inclined with respect to the median plane in which the first outer layer extends and with respect to the median plane in which the second outer layer, the angle of inclination of the median plane of the third parts or zones (24C) with respect to the median plane of the first layer being between 10 ° and 80 ° or between 100 ° and 170 °, advantageously between 20 ° and 70 ° or between 110 ° and 160 °, while the angle of inclination of the median plane of the third parts or zones (24C) relative to the median plane of the second layer is between 10 ° and 80 ° or between 100 ° and 170 °, advantageously between 20 ° and 70 ° or between 110 ° and 160 °.

According to a feature, the third portions or zones (24C) are arranged with one or more folds and / or curvatures or curved portions (25) in the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers (20,21) between them, the one or more plies and / or curvatures (25) being adapted to limit the spacing of the first and second outer layers (20,21) from each other and / or to ensure a length (L ') of the third portions or zones (24C), when the intermediate layer is in the expanded position.

Preferably, the one or more folds and / or curvatures or curved portions (25) of the third parts or zones (24C) is / are associated with means (27) for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers (20,21) between them, when the intermediate layer (22) is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature.

According to another feature, the flexible or flexible structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) defines at least a series of distinct first chambers (30) along the first outer layer (20) and a series of second chambers (31). ) separate along the second outer layer (21).

Preferably, each chamber (30,31) along the first outer layer (20) and / or the second outer layer (21) has a longitudinal shape, which in cross section has a substantially triangular or trapezoidal section. These chambers advantageously have a longitudinal axis which is perpendicular to the lateral or vertical edge of the barrier, or to the plane in which the edge of the barrier extends.

According to one feature, each chamber (30) having a longitudinal edge is wider along the first outer layer (20) is located between two chambers (31) whose widest longitudinal edge is located along the second outer layer (21).

According to a detail of an advantageous form, the flexible or flexible structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) is adapted with respect to the intumescent material to prevent or prevent the vertical passage of intumescent material through said structure (24).

According to another detail of an advantageous form, the structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) is covered on each of its faces with a layer (28) of intumescent material.

Preferably, the folds or curvatures (25) of the third portions or zones (24C) form an assembly comprising at least two layers (28) of intumescent material between two portions of the flexible or flexible structure (24).

According to a particular embodiment, elements (23) of plastic, advantageously substantially rigid, I, S or U extend between the outer layers (20,21) to maintain a spacing between said outer layers, at least in the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers (20, 21), said elements being advantageously associated with an intumescent material.

Preferably, a part (24A, 24B) of the structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) extends between an outer wall (20,21) and a substantially flat face of an element (23), means (29) fire resistant extending between said substantially planar face and said outer wall (20,21) for compressing said portion of the structure located between said face of the element and the outer wall.

According to a particular embodiment, one or third parts or zone of the flexible or flexible structure have a fold extending in the vicinity of the first outer layer or the second outer layer, when said outer layers extend in a plane substantially vertical.

According to a preferred embodiment, the fold of the third part or zone of the structure is adapted to extend substantially at least between or substantially between two first parts or successive zones of the flexible or flexible structure and / or between two second parts or successive zones of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers extend substantially in a vertical plane.

Advantageously, the third parts or zones are adapted in that a third part or zone on two third parts or successive zones has a fold adapted to extend substantially at least between or substantially between two first parts or successive zones of the flexible structure or flexible and / or between two second parts or successive zones of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers' extend substantially in a vertical plane.

Preferably, the third parts or zones are adapted in that a third part or zone of a group of two third parts or successive zones has a fold adapted to extend substantially at least between or substantially between two first parts or zones successive of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers extend substantially in a vertical plane, while the other of the third part or zone of said group of two third parts or zones has a fold adapted to extend at least between or substantially between two second or successive portions of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers extend substantially in a vertical plane.

These folds or folded areas may form pockets capable of containing intumescent material.

According to one embodiment, the barrier has two sides or side edges (40) substantially parallel to each other.

Advantageously, the sides or lateral edges (40) are formed by the junction of the outer layers (20,21) without interposition of intumescent layer.

Preferably, the lateral sides or edges (40) are associated with positioning means (41) adapted to slide in one or more guides (42).

In a preferred form, at least one outer layer (20,21) has along one side or side edge (40) one or more folds or curvatures (43) held in folded or folded position by one or more means (44). ) when said means (44) are subjected to a temperature below the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer (22), the one or more means (44) when subjected to a temperature above the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer (22) being in a state allowing movement or folds or curvatures (43) to increase the volume between the outer layers (20,21) in the vicinity of said side or side edge (40).

For example, at least along one side or side edge (40), the two outer layers (20,21) each have one or more pleats (43) held in folded or folded position by one or more means (44) when said means (44) are subjected to a temperature below the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer (22), said means (44) when subjected to a temperature above the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer being in a state allowing a movement of or folds (43) to increase the volume between the outer layers (20,21) in the vicinity of said side or side edge (40).

According to a feature, the at least one ply (43) of the at least one outer layer (20, 21) extends substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (A) of the chambers (30, 31) defined by the fabric (24) of the intermediate layer (22).

According to another embodiment detail, the area (46) defined between the outer layers (20,21) along a side or side edge (40) is associated with a layer or member (48) adapted to inflate at a temperature above the temperature for which the holding means (44) of the pleat (s) (43) allow movement of the pleat (s) (43) to increase the volume between the outer layers (20,21) in the vicinity of said side or side edge (40).

According to still another advantageous detail, the one or more folds (43) along one side or lateral edge (40) of one or more outer layers (20, 21) are adapted to allow an increase in the volume between the outer layers. (20,21) along the edge or lateral side (40) at a temperature above the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer, said volume increase being adapted to define a substantially planar face able to bear on at least one surface associated with said guide or guides (42).

The invention also relates to a fire door assembly comprising a barrier (2) according to the invention and guides (42) in which are slidable or slidable positioning means (41) associated with one or more edges side (40) of the barrier.

The barrier and the door assembly according to the invention make it possible to provide a thermal protection against radiation, but also a thermal protection, in particular with an expanded layer with a thickness of more than 50 mm, preferably of more than 100 mm.

For example, using the standardized tests CEN 1634/1 and CEN 1363/1, an EW (radiation) value of less than 15kW is reached after 60 minutes, in particular after 90 minutes, preferably after 120 minutes, in particular after more than 60 minutes. 180 minutes, or more than 240 minutes, and / or an El (insulation) value (temperature of the opposite side to the fire side of less than 140 ° C) after more than 60 minutes, in particular after more than 90 minutes, advantageously more than 120 minutes, in particular more than 180 minutes, or even 240 minutes and more. In particular, the barrier has a duration to reach an EW of 15W greater than the duration El to reach a temperature of 140 ° C on the face opposite to the turned face and subjected to fire.

The invention therefore also relates to a flexible or flexible fire barrier comprising: a first outer layer of fire-resistant material; a second outer layer of fire-resistant material, an intermediate layer at least partially of intumescent material or associated or comprising an intumescent material, said layer being situated between said first and second outer layers, said layer being intended to inflate or to be expanded when subjected to a temperature above a swelling temperature; means for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the layers together when the intermediate layer is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature, said means being adapted to allow separation of the outer layers at least when the intermediate layer is subjected to a temperature greater than said swelling temperature, and - means for limiting the expansion or swelling of the intumescent-containing intermediate layer, when subjected to a temperature above said swelling temperature, characterized in that that the intermediate layer is arranged and adapted to provide an EW of less than 15 kW after 120 minutes, and an El (temperature of 140 ° C from the face opposite the face subjected to fire) of more than 120 minutes. Preferably, the intermediate layer is adapted to provide an EW of 15kW after more than 180 minutes and an El of more than 180 minutes. In particular, the barrier has an EW of less than 15kW after more than 240 minutes and an El of more than 240 minutes.

The barrier according to this invention advantageously has one or more characteristics given in the claims.

This barrier is also advantageously used to form a fire door assembly further comprising guides (42) in which are slidable or slidable positioning means (41) associated with one or more side edges (40) of the barrier Finally, the invention also relates to a fire barrier comprising: a first outer layer of fire-resistant material; a second outer layer of fireproof material, an intermediate layer of intumescent material or associated or comprising an intumescent material, said layer being located between said first and second outer layers, said layer being intended to inflate or to be expanded, when it is subjected to a temperature above a swelling temperature; means for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the layers together when the intermediate layer is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature, said means being adapted to allow separation of the outer layers at least when the intermediate layer is subjected to a temperature greater than said swelling temperature, and - means for limiting the expansion or swelling of the layer of intumescent material, when subjected to a temperature above said swelling temperature, said barrier having two sides or side edges substantially parallel to each other, the longitudinal chambers defined between the outer layers having a longitudinal axis substantially perpendicular to said sides or side edges. In the position of use, each of said sides or lateral edges advantageously extends in a vertical or substantially vertical plane, in particular along a substantially vertical axis when the barrier closes or protects an opening.

The sides or lateral edges are advantageously formed by the junction of the outer layers without the interposition of intumescene layer.

In particular, the lateral sides or edges are associated with positioning means adapted to slide in one or more guides. Said positioning means advantageously retain said one or more edges or sides in one or more guides.

According to this latter invention, at least one outer layer has along one side or lateral edge one or more plies held in folded or folded position by one or more means when said means are subjected to a temperature below the expansion temperature. of the intermediate layer, the one or more means when subjected to a temperature greater than the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer being in a state allowing a movement of the folds to increase the volume between the outer layer in the vicinity of said side or edge lateral.

Preferably, along one side or lateral edge, the two outer layers each have one or more folds held in folded or folded position by one or more means when said means are subjected to a temperature below the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer, said means or means when subjected to a temperature above the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer being in a state allowing a movement of the folds to increase the volume between the outer layers in the vicinity of said side or side edge .

When the barrier extends in a vertical plane, the fold lines of the outer layer or layers are advantageously substantially vertical. Advantageously, when the barrier extends in a vertical plane, the or said folds of the outer layer or layers extend substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the chambers defined by the fabric of the intermediate layer. According to another detail, the zone defined between the outer layers along one side or lateral edge is associated with a layer or element adapted to inflate at a temperature greater than the temperature for which the means of holding the folds or allow a movement of the fold or folds to increase the volume between the outer layers in the vicinity of said side or side edge.

Preferably, said one or more plies along one side or lateral edge of one or more outer layers are adapted to allow an increase in the volume between the outer layers along the edge or lateral side at a temperature above the temperature of the surface. expansion of the intermediate layer, said volume increase being adapted to define a substantially planar face adapted to bear on a surface associated with said guide or guides.

The barrier according to this invention advantageously has one or more characteristics given in the claims.

This barrier is also advantageously used to form a fire door assembly further comprising guides (42) in which are slidable or slidable positioning means (41) associated with one or more side edges (40) of the barrier .

Features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings.

In these drawings, - Figure 1 is a general view of an assembly according to the invention in its fire position, before expansion of the intermediate layer; - Figure 2 is a sectional view of a section of the barrier of Figure 1 (IMI line); - Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 after destruction of the ply holding means; FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3 after expansion of the intumescent material; FIG. 5 is a view of an edge of the assembly of FIG. 1 (V-V section) at a temperature below the expansion temperature of the intumescent material; FIG. 6 is a view of the edge of FIG. 5 after expansion of the intumescent material; FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a section of another barrier according to the invention before its expansion, FIG. 8 is a view of the barrier according to FIG. 7 after expansion, FIG. in section of another embodiment of a barrier according to the invention, before expansion of the intumescent material, - Figure 10 is a sectional view of the barrier according to Figure 9, after expansion of the intumescent material, - FIG. 11 is a sectional view of yet another embodiment, prior to expansion of the intumescent material, FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 11, after expansion, and FIGS. 13 and 14 are sectional views of a fourth embodiment before and after expansion of the intumescent material.

These drawings relate to a preferred embodiment of a barrier according to the invention, this preferred embodiment being given by way of example only.

FIG. 1 shows a wall 1 equipped with a fire barrier 2 which, as soon as a fire signal is given, closes the opening 3. In the absence of a fire signal, the barrier 2 is in a box 4 located above the opening 3.

During a fire signal, the barrier 2 comes to take a vertical position closing the passage 3.

The fire barrier 2 comprises (see FIG. 2): a first outer layer of fire-resistant material 20; a second outer layer of fire-resistant material 21, an intermediate layer 22 of intumescent material or comprising an intumescent material, this layer being situated between said first and second outer layers 20, 21, said layer 22 being intended to inflate or to be expanded when subjected to a temperature above a swelling temperature; means 23 for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers 20,21 between them, when the intermediate layer 22 is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature, said means 23 being adapted to allow separation of the outer layers 20 At least when the intermediate layer 22 is subjected to a temperature greater than said swelling temperature, and - means 24 for limiting the expansion or swelling of the layer of intumescent material, when it is subjected to a temperature greater than said swelling temperature, or intended to limit the spacing of the outer layers relative to each other during swelling of the intermediate layer.

The intermediate layer 22 comprises a flexible or flexible fire-resistant fabric 24 having: first portions or distinct zones 24A connected to the first outer layer 20, second portions or distinct zones 24B connected to the second outer layer 21, said second portions or areas being spaced apart from said first portions or areas 24A, and third portions or discrete areas 24C extending between the first and second portions or areas 24A, 24B, said third portions or area comprising an intumescent product or being associated with an intumescent layer .

The fire-resistant fabric 24 of the intermediate layer 22 is arranged with folds 25 in the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers 20,21 between them, said folds 25 being adapted to limit the spacing of the first and second outer layers 20, 21 when the intermediate layer 22 is in the expanded position.

For example, the tissue portion 24C located between a first zone 24A and a second zone 24B adjacent to the first zone has two sets of folds, a first series being adjacent to the layer 20, while the second series is adjacent to the layer. 21.

In the unexpanded vertical position of the barrier 2, the portions 24C of the fabric 24 extend in planes forming an angle α, β of between 15 ° and 75 °, advantageously between 15 ° and 45 °, with a vertical plane V ( plane in which the layer 20 or 21 extends when the barrier is in a substantially vertical position).

The folds 25 of the fire-resistant fabric 24 of the intermediate layer are associated with means 27 for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the layers together or for ensuring a length L of fabric between the adjacent portions 24A, 24B, when the intermediate layer 22 is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature. The means 27 are advantageously stitches made by means of yarns having a melting point lower than the swelling temperature.

The intermediate layer 22 is formed by the fabric 24 covered on each of its faces with an intumescent layer 28.

The fabric 24 (fire-resistant, eg fiberglass) of the intermediate layer 22 defines a series of separate first chambers 30 along the first outer layer 20 and a series of second separate chambers 31 along the second layer. outside 21.

Each chamber 30,31 has a longitudinal shape (longitudinal axis A substantially horizontal when the barrier 2 extends vertically) which in cross section has a substantially trapezoidal section (section perpendicular to the axis A).

Each chamber 30 has a wider longitudinal edge along the first outer layer 20 is located between two chambers 31 having a wider longitudinal edge along the second outer layer 21.

Advantageously, the fabric 24 of the intermediate layer 22 is adapted relative to the intumescent material to prevent or prevent the passage of intumescent material through said fabric. This is particularly interesting if chambers 30, 31 contain intumescent material in the form of powder or particles.

In the form shown, the fabric 24 of the intermediate layer 22 is covered on each of its faces with a layer of intumescent material 28. The folds 25 of the fabric 24 also comprise intumescent material, either in the form of a layer 28 adhering to the fabric 24, and / or in the form of powder or intumescent particles placed between the folds 25. In the latter case, the folds 25 advantageously form an envelope or a bead.

In the form shown, the folded portions 25 of the fabric 24 form a structure comprising six layers of intumescent material 28 and three layers of fabric 24.

The means 23 for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers 20,21 between them when the intermediate layer 22 is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature are I-plastic elements extending between the outer layers 20, 21 to maintain a gap E between the outer layers 20,21. The core 23 A of the I-shaped elements is advantageously provided with a thickening of thickness to form a point or a line of rupture 23 B between the feet of the elements, when the barrier is subjected to a temperature higher than a given temperature.

The section 23 is advantageously provided with or associated with intumescent material, for example in the form of a relatively thick layer 50.

To ensure a good maintenance of the parts 24A, 24B of fabric along the outer layers 20,21, half part of the fabric 24 of the intumescent layer 22 extends between an outer wall 20,21 and a substantially flat face of the foot of an element 23. Fire-resistant means, for example stitching points 29 of fire-resistant material extend between said substantially flat face of the feet and said outer layer 20,21 to compress said intumescent layer of fabric portion located between said face of the element and the outer wall.

When the barrier is subjected to a fire, the feet of the elements 23 can also melt and deform.

FIG. 3 shows the rupture of the links 27 holding the folds 25 in a compressed form, so as to allow the fabric 24 to increase its length L. The rupture lines 23B are advantageously destroyed after the breaking of the links 27. swelling of the intumescent material, the outer layers 20,21 deviate from one another, the fabric 24 then acting as a means to limit the spacing of the outer layers together.

The fabric 24 ensures the presence of intumescent material over the entire height of the barrier, thus ensuring good fire protection over the entire height of the barrier.

Figure 4 shows the barrier 2 in its expanded form. The spacing of the layers 20.21 is limited by the length of the tissue portions 24 extending between the zones 24A, 24B.

The barrier has two sides or lateral edges 40 substantially parallel to each other, the longitudinal chambers defined between the outer layers having a longitudinal axis A substantially perpendicular to said lateral sides or edges 40 in the closed position of the opening 3.

The sides or lateral edges 40 are formed by the junction of the outer layers 20.21 without the interposition of intumescent layer.

The lateral sides or edges 40 are associated with positioning means 41 (for example bolts and nuts compressing the outer layers 20,21 against each other) adapted to slide in guides 42. These guides 42 allow a correct positioning of the barrier 2 in its closed position of the passage 3.

The outer layers 20,21 have along each of their side or lateral edge 40 folds 43 maintained in folded or folded position by means 44 when said means are subjected to a temperature below the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer. said means 44 when subjected to a temperature greater than the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer being in a state allowing movement of the pleat (s) to increase the volume between the outer plies in the vicinity of said side or side edge. Said means 44 are, for example, stitches made of a fusible material at a temperature below the swelling temperature of the intumescent material present on the film 24.

The plies of the outer layers (fold fold lines 43) extend substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the chambers defined by the fabric 24 of the intermediate layer 22.

The plies 43 of the outer layers form with the junction of the outer layers between them a zone or chamber 46. This zone or chamber 46 is advantageously associated with one or more elements 47 containing intumescent material. These elements are for example constituted by a flexible coil 48 containing intumescent material.

Said plies 43 are adapted to allow an increase in volume between the outer layers 20,21 along the edge or lateral side 40 at a temperature above the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer or the intumescent material, said volume increase being adapted to define a substantially plane face able to bear on a surface associated with said guides 42. For example, in the expanded position (FIG. 6), the barrier 2 has an outer layer 21 resting on a flat face of the wall 1, as well as a vertical end (adjacent positioning means 41) of the layers 20,21 forming a substantially flat face adapted to bear on the guide 42 and on a section 50 carrying said guide 42.

This allows excellent insulation and protection in case of fire.

In one embodiment, the maximum spacing of the layers 20,21 between them after expansion is for example 100mm or more.

Tests have shown that it has been possible thanks to the barrier according to the invention to provide an EW of less than 15 kW after 120 minutes, and an El (temperature of 140 ° C. of the face opposite to the face subjected to the fire) more than 120minutes. (CEN 1634/1 and 1363/1)

Figure 7 shows in section another barrier according to the invention, in its unexpanded state. In this embodiment, the third portions or zones 24C of the flexible or flexible structure 24 have a fold 24C1 extending in the vicinity of the first outer layer 20 and another fold 24C2 extending adjacent the second outer layer 21 at least when said outer layers 20,21 extend in a substantially vertical plane. Said fold 24C1 of a first on two third part or zone 24C of the structure 24 extends substantially between two first portions or successive zones 24A of the flexible or flexible structure 24, while said fold 24C2 of the other two third part or zone 24 C of the structure extends substantially between two portions or zones 24B of the outer layer 21.

The portions 24A and 24B are attached to the outer layers by seams 29 of a fire-resistant material.

The plies 24C1 and 24C2 of the flexible structure 24 are formed by stitches 27 made of a material that disintegrates at a temperature close to the expansion temperature of the intumescent material, advantageously slightly greater than the expansion temperature. The stitches are then subjected to a tensile force during expansion, which force will promote the breaking of the stitches 27 at the expansion temperature of the intumescent material.

When the outer layers 20, 21 extend substantially in a vertical plane, the portions 24A advantageously extend in horizontal planes extending between the horizontal planes in which the portions 24B extend.

The flexible and flexible structure 24 is advantageously covered with an intumescent layer 28.

The folds 24C1 and 24C2 can form pockets 49 that can receive intumescent material, for example in the form of powder.

Figure 8 shows the barrier of Figure 7 after expansion of the intumescent material.

Figure 9 is a sectional view of a portion of a fire barrier (2) comprising: - a first outer layer (20) of fire-resistant material; - a second outer layer (21) of fire-resistant material, - an intermediate layer (22) at least partially intumescent material or associated with an intumescent material, said layer (22) being located between said first and second outer layers, said layer for inflating or expanding when subjected to a temperature above a swelling temperature; means (106) for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the layers together when the intermediate layer (22) is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature, said means being adapted to allow separation of the outer layers at least when the intermediate layer is subjected to a temperature above said swelling temperature, and - means (24) for limiting the expansion or swelling of the outer layer or layers (20,21) at least partially intumescent material, when it (they) is (are) subjected to a temperature higher than said swelling temperature.

In the barrier of the embodiment of FIG. 9, at least one outer layer (20, 21) (preferably the two outer layers) comprises a flexible or flexible extensible structure (100) resistant to fire, said intermediate layer and said outer layer being interconnected by fire-resistant means (stitches 101 forming fixed points) upon swelling of the intumescent material (102).

Said means 101 substantially form fastening lines substantially parallel to each other.

Said structure (100) is adapted to form between the extensible structure of the outer layer (20,21) and the intermediate layer (22) a series of chambers 103 each presenting, between two fastening lines, a variable volume between a minimum volume ( shown at the position of Figure 9) and a maximum volume during swelling of intumescent material (see Figure 10).

In the form of representation of FIG. 9, the intermediate layer 22 is advantageously provided on its two opposite faces with a layer of intumescent material 104.

according to a detail of the embodiment, to maintain the structure 100 of the outer layer or layers 20,21 in contracted form or with folds or folds 105, means 106 are used. These means 106, for example lines or points seam are made of a degrading material when the temperature exceeds a critical temperature or a material no longer having sufficient tensile strength to oppose the force created by the swelling of the intumescent material (material capable of to break up).

Possibly additional intumescent material may be added in the various chambers 103, before their expansion.

The embodiment of FIG. 9 allows once the expansion of intumescent materials (110) into adjacent chambers 103 extending along one face of the intermediate layer 22 that the walls of the adjacent chambers at least partially touch each other. and thus form a protection for the attachment points 101.

The embodiment of Figure 11 is an embodiment of Figure 2, except that the wall 20 is associated with a structure 100 as described in Figure 9. This allows to form during the swelling of the intumescent material 110 to create a series of inflated chambers along the wall 20. The swelling of the intumescent material in the chambers 103 can occur before, during and / or after the swelling of intumescent material between the walls 20 and 21 .

FIG. 13 is a view of an embodiment similar to that of FIG. 11, except that the two walls 20, 21 are each associated with a structure 100 with intumescent material 102.

The realization of the barrier according to Figure 9 is very easy. For example, at first pleats are made in the structure 100, and these folded parts are maintained by means of dots or rows of seams 106. Instead of lines or stitches, it is also possible to use dots or lines of stitching. glue, for example made of hot melt (hot melt glue).

The intermediate layer 22 is then associated with two structures 100, which are held together by means of dots or lines of seams 101.

Claims (25)

A fire barrier (2) comprising: - a first outer layer (20) of fire resistant material; - a second outer layer (21) of fire-resistant material, - an intermediate layer (22) at least partially intumescent material or associated with an intumescent material, said layer (22) being located between said first and second outer layers, said layer for inflating or expanding when subjected to a temperature above a swelling temperature; means (23,27) for maintaining the unexpanded relative position of the layers together when the intermediate layer (22) is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature, said means being adapted to allow separation of the outer layers from less when the intermediate layer is subjected to a temperature higher than said swelling temperature, and - means (24) for limiting the expansion or swelling of the intermediate layer (22) and / or of one or more outer layers at least partially of intumescent material, when subjected to a temperature above said swelling temperature, characterized in that the intermediate layer (22) and / or at least one outer layer (20,21) comprises an extensible structure flexible or flexible (24) fire-resistant, said intermediate layer and said outer layer being interconnected by means r resistant to fire during swelling of the intumescent material, said means substantially forming fastening lines substantially parallel to each other, said structure (24) being adapted to form (a) between said extensible structure of the intermediate layer (22) and a couche outside (20,21) a series of chambers each having, between two fastening lines, a variable volume between a minimum volume and a maximum volume during the swelling of intumescent material, (b) between the extensible structure of the outer layer ( 20,21) and the intermediate layer (22) a series of chambers each having, between two fastening lines, a variable volume between a minimum volume and a maximum volume during the swelling of intumescent material, or (c) between said structure extensible of the intermediate layer (22) and said extensible structure of an outer layer (20,21) a series of chambers each having between two lines a variable volume between a minimum volume and a maximum volume during swelling of intumescent material. 2. Barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate layer comprises a flexible or flexible structure (24) fire resistant, said structure (24) having: first parts or zones (24A) separate connected to the first outer layer (20), optionally with the interposition of an element, separate second portions or zones (24B) connected to the second outer layer, possibly with interposition of an element, said second portions or zones (24B) being distant from said first portions or zones (24A), and third portions or zones (24C) extending between the first portions or zones (24A) and the second portions or zones (24B), and - at least said third portions or zones (24B), 24C) comprise an intumescent product or are at least partially associated with an intumescent layer. 3. Barrier according to claim 2, characterized in that the third parts or zones (24C) extend at least partially in a median plane inclined relative to the median plane in which the first outer layer extends and relative to the plane median in which the second outer layer extends, the angle of inclination of the median plane of the third parts or zones (24C) with respect to the median plane of the first layer being between 10 ° and 80 ° or between 100 ° and 170 °, advantageously between 20 ° and 70 ° or between 110 ° and 160 °, while the angle of inclination of the median plane of the third parts or zones (24C) relative to the median plane of the second layer is between 10 ° and ° and 80 ° or between 100 ° and 170 °, preferably between 20 ° and 70 ° or between 110 ° and 160 °. Barrier according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the third parts or zones (24C) are arranged with one or more folds and / or curvatures (25) in the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers (20, 21). between them, the one or more folds and / or curvatures (25) being adapted to limit the spacing of the first and second outer layers (20,21) between them and / or to ensure a length (L ') of the third parts or zones (24C), when the intermediate layer is in the expanded position. 5. Barrier according to claim 4, characterized in that the or folds and / or curvatures (25) of the third parts or zones (24C) is / are associated with means (27) to maintain the relative unexpanded position of the layers external (20,21) between them, when the intermediate layer (22) is subjected to a temperature below said swelling temperature. Barrier according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible or flexible structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) defines at least one series of first chambers (30) distinct along the first outer layer. (20) and a series of separate second chambers (31) along the second outer layer (21). Barrier according to Claim 6, characterized in that each chamber (30, 31) along the first outer layer (20) and / or the second outer layer (21) has a longitudinal shape, which in cross-section has a substantially triangular or trapezoidal section. 8. Barrier according to claim 4, characterized in that each chamber (30) having a longitudinal edge is wider along the first outer layer (20) is located between two chambers (31) whose widest longitudinal edge is located along the second outer layer (21). 9. Barrier according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the flexible or flexible structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) is adapted relative to the intumescent material to prevent or prevent the vertical passage of material intumescent through said structure (24). 10. Barrier according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) is covered on each of its faces with a layer (28) of intumescent material. 11. Barrier according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the folds or curvatures (25) of the third parts or zones (24C) form an assembly comprising at least two layers (28) of intumescent material between two parts of the flexible or flexible structure (24). A barrier as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that I, S or U plastic members (23) extend between the outer layers (20,21) to maintain a gap between said outer layers, at least in the unexpanded relative position of the outer layers (20, 21), said elements being advantageously associated with an intumescent material. 13. Barrier according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a portion (24A, 24B) of the structure (24) of the intermediate layer (22) extends between an outer wall (20,21) and a substantially flat face an element (23), fire-resistant means (29) extending between said substantially planar face and said outer wall (20,21) for compressing said portion of the structure between said face of the element and the outer wall. 14. Barrier according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has two sides or side edges (40) substantially parallel to each other. 15. Barrier according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the lateral sides or edges (40) are formed by the junction of the outer layers (20,21) without interposition of intumescent layer. 16. Barrier according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the side or side edges (40) are associated with positioning means (41) adapted to slide in one or guides (42). Barrier according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterized in that at least one outer layer (20, 21) has along one side or lateral edge (40) one or more folds or curvatures (43). maintained in folded or folded position by one or more means (44) when said means (44) is subjected to a temperature below the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer (22), said one or more means (44) when subjected to a temperature above the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer (22) being in a state allowing movement or folds or curvatures (43) to increase the volume between the outer layers (20,21) in the vicinity of said side or side edge (40). Barrier according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least along one side or lateral edge (40), the two outer layers (20, 21) each have one or several folds (43) held in the folded position. or folded by one or more means (44) when said means (44) is subjected to a temperature below the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer (22), said means (44) when subjected to a temperature greater than the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer being in a state allowing movement of the pleat (43) to increase the volume between the outer layers (20,21) in the vicinity of said side or side edge (40). 19. Barrier according to claims 4 and 17 or 18, characterized in that the said ply or plies (43) of the outer layer or layers (20,21) extend substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (A) of the chambers ( 30,31) defined by the fabric (24) of the intermediate layer (22). Barrier according to one of Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the area (46) defined between the outer layers (20, 21) along one side or lateral edge (40) is associated with a layer or an element (48) adapted to inflate at a temperature above the temperature for which the holding means (44) of the at least one pleat (43) allows movement of the pleat (s) (43) to increase the volume between the outer layers ( 20,21) in the vicinity of said side or side edge (40). 21. Barrier according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the or said folds (43) along one side or side edge (40) of one or outer layers (20,21) are adapted to allow an increase in the volume between the outer layers (20,21) along the edge or lateral side (40) at a temperature above the expansion temperature of the intermediate layer, said volume increase being adapted to define a face substantially flat able to bear on at least one surface associated with said guide or guides (42). Barrier according to Claim 4, characterized in that one or third parts or zone of the flexible or flexible structure have a fold extending in the vicinity of the first outer layer or the second outer layer, when said outer layers extend in a substantially vertical plane, said fold of the third part or zone of the structure being preferably adapted to extend substantially at least between or substantially between two first parts or successive zones of the flexible or flexible structure and / or between two second or successive portions of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers extend substantially in a vertical plane. Barrier according to Claim 22, characterized in that the third parts or zones are adapted in that a third part or zone on two third parts or successive zones has a fold adapted to extend substantially at least between or substantially between two first parts or successive zones of the flexible or flexible structure and / or between two second parts or successive zones of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers extend substantially in a vertical plane. Barrier according to Claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the third parts or areas are adapted in that a third part or zone of a group of two third parts or successive zones has a fold adapted to extend substantially. at least between or substantially between two first portions or successive areas of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers extend substantially in a vertical plane, while the other of the third portion or zone of said group of two third portions or zones has a fold adapted to extend at least between or substantially between two second portions or successive areas of the flexible or flexible structure, when the outer layers extend substantially in a vertical plane. 25. Fireproof door assembly comprising a barrier (2) according to one of claims 1 to 24 and guides (42) in which are slidable or slide positioning means (41) associated with one or more side edges (40) of the barrier.