AU769355B2 - Polypropylene brush body - Google Patents
Polypropylene brush body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU769355B2 AU769355B2 AU67959/00A AU6795900A AU769355B2 AU 769355 B2 AU769355 B2 AU 769355B2 AU 67959/00 A AU67959/00 A AU 67959/00A AU 6795900 A AU6795900 A AU 6795900A AU 769355 B2 AU769355 B2 AU 769355B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- oral brush
- polymer composition
- psi
- polypropylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- -1 Polypropylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000034 Plastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003763 resistance to breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B5/00—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware
- A46B5/002—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions
- A46B5/0054—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions designed to allow relative positioning of the head to body
- A46B5/0062—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware having articulations, joints or flexible portions designed to allow relative positioning of the head to body being flexible or resilient during use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B5/00—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware
- A46B5/02—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware specially shaped for holding by the hand
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
- A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
- B29C45/14385—Coating a portion of a bundle of inserts, e.g. making brushes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
- A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
- A46B2200/1066—Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/42—Brushes
- B29L2031/425—Toothbrush
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Brushes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/385578 | 1999-08-31 | ||
| US09/385,578 US6397425B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 1999-08-31 | Polypropylene brush body |
| PCT/US2000/022997 WO2001015567A1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2000-08-22 | Polypropylene brush body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU6795900A AU6795900A (en) | 2001-03-26 |
| AU769355B2 true AU769355B2 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
Family
ID=23521997
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU67959/00A Expired AU769355B2 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2000-08-22 | Polypropylene brush body |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6397425B1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1211961B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2003508099A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN100396209C (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE272338T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU769355B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR0013626B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2381538C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE60012756T2 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2226904T3 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02002147A (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2246887C2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2001015567A1 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200201052B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (58)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1222700A (en) † | 1999-10-20 | 2001-04-30 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Flexible brush comprising a mixture of polymers |
| US6823554B1 (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2004-11-30 | Gillette Canada Company | Oral devices |
| US6928685B1 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2005-08-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Complex motion toothbrush |
| US20060048322A1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2006-03-09 | Oriani Paulo Cesar D G | Toothbrush |
| ES2398653T3 (es) * | 2002-09-05 | 2013-03-20 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Cepillo de dientes desechable |
| US7478959B2 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2009-01-20 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care toothbrush |
| CN100413666C (zh) * | 2004-06-15 | 2008-08-27 | 天津三星制刷有限公司 | 化妆刷柄制造方法 |
| USD535823S1 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2007-01-30 | Ranir, Llc | Toothbrush |
| USD566401S1 (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2008-04-15 | Ranir, Llc | Toothbrush |
| US20100282400A1 (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2010-11-11 | Chandra Sekar | Methods for manufacturing a paint roller and component parts thereof |
| US8142587B2 (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2012-03-27 | Chandra Sekar | Methods for manufacturing a paint roller and component parts thereof |
| USD654270S1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2012-02-21 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Toothbrush handle |
| USD654696S1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2012-02-28 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Toothbrush handle with tissue cleaner |
| USD654695S1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2012-02-28 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Toothbrush |
| USD632484S1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2011-02-15 | Eduardo Jimenez | Toothbrush handle with tissue cleaner |
| USD675830S1 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2013-02-12 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Toothbrush |
| US8549691B2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2013-10-08 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement having multi-component handle |
| PH12012501160A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-11-05 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Oral care implement having a body disposed within the handle |
| PL2642886T3 (pl) | 2010-11-22 | 2017-12-29 | Braun Gmbh | Szczoteczka do zębów |
| CN101999796B (zh) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-06-20 | 武汉市今晨实业有限公司 | 牙刷刷柄及其原料的拌料工序 |
| US10743645B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2020-08-18 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| USD749855S1 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2016-02-23 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| USD751295S1 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2016-03-15 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| RU2016117288A (ru) | 2013-11-05 | 2017-12-11 | Колгейт-Палмолив Компани | Приспособление для ухода за полостью рта |
| USD764804S1 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2016-08-30 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| WO2015069219A1 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2015-05-14 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| AU2014398050B2 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2018-05-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| BR112017012630A2 (pt) | 2014-12-23 | 2018-04-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | instrumento para higiene bucal tendo cabo com múltiplos componentes |
| WO2016105374A1 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2016-06-30 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| RU2656207C1 (ru) | 2014-12-23 | 2018-05-31 | Колгейт-Палмолив Компани | Устройство для ухода за полостью рта |
| EP3223653B1 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2021-02-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement having multi-component handle |
| USD780457S1 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2017-03-07 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| CA2970622C (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2022-05-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| CN107105882A (zh) | 2014-12-23 | 2017-08-29 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 口腔护理器具 |
| US11291293B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| CN107105883B (zh) | 2014-12-23 | 2019-03-19 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 口腔护理器具 |
| CN113303584A (zh) | 2014-12-23 | 2021-08-27 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 口腔护理器具 |
| CN106998894B (zh) | 2014-12-23 | 2019-07-16 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 具有多部件柄部的口腔护理器具 |
| CA2970708C (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2022-05-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| US9802347B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2017-10-31 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Method of forming an oral care implement |
| AU364475S (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Oral care implement |
| USD762987S1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2016-08-09 | Deotech Korea Co., Ltd. | Toothbrush |
| USD777446S1 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-31 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement handle |
| USD776937S1 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| USD778062S1 (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-02-07 | The Gillette Company Llc | Toothbrush |
| JP6387386B2 (ja) | 2016-12-28 | 2018-09-05 | 小林製薬株式会社 | 歯間清掃具の製造方法 |
| CA182563S (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-08-23 | Gillette Co Llc | Toothbrush |
| EP3387947B1 (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2019-12-11 | The Gillette Company LLC | Oral care implement and method for manufacturing such oral care implement |
| EP3387946B1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2023-05-24 | The Gillette Company LLC | Oral care implement and method for manufacturing such oral care implement |
| USD834325S1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-11-27 | The Gillette Company Llc | Toothbrush handle |
| USD834324S1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-11-27 | The Gillette Company Llc | Toothbrush |
| USD833756S1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-11-20 | The Gillette Company Llc | Toothbrush handle |
| USD833757S1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-11-20 | The Gillette Company Llc | Toothbrush handle |
| USD846883S1 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2019-04-30 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Handle of an oral care implement |
| US10631964B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2020-04-28 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement |
| US10709533B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2020-07-14 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care implement and handle and refill head thereof |
| USD891784S1 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2020-08-04 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Electric toothbrush handle |
| USD960582S1 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2022-08-16 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care refill head |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4691404A (en) * | 1985-02-21 | 1987-09-08 | John O. Butler Company | Toothbrush |
| US5266392A (en) * | 1991-09-16 | 1993-11-30 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Plastomer compatibilized polyethylene/polypropylene blends |
| US5398369A (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1995-03-21 | Chesebrough-Pond's Usa Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Toothbrush with pliable pressure pad |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4387479A (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1983-06-14 | Block Drug Company, Inc. | Interproximal toothbrush |
| US4520526A (en) * | 1984-06-22 | 1985-06-04 | Peters Charles W | Resiliently flexible toothbrush |
| IL77906A (en) * | 1985-02-21 | 1989-09-28 | Butler John O Co | Interdental toothbrush |
| JPS6324906A (ja) * | 1986-07-18 | 1988-02-02 | サンスタ−株式会社 | 歯ブラシ |
| KR100197327B1 (ko) | 1988-07-15 | 1999-06-15 | 치어즈 엠. 노우드 | 신디오택틱 폴리프로필렌 |
| US5633083A (en) | 1989-03-14 | 1997-05-27 | Sunstar Kabushiki | Toothbrush |
| GB9106511D0 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1991-05-15 | Lingner & Fischer Gmbh | Novel article |
| ATE186820T1 (de) * | 1991-03-27 | 1999-12-15 | Smithkline Beecham Consumer | Zahnbürste mit federnder verbindungszone zwischen bürstenkopf und griff |
| US5340581A (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1994-08-23 | Gillette Canada, Inc. | Sustained-release matrices for dental application |
| JPH06511028A (ja) * | 1991-09-16 | 1994-12-08 | エクソン・ケミカル・パテンツ・インク | プラストマー相溶化ポリエチレン／ポリプロピレンブレンド |
| US5241031A (en) | 1992-02-19 | 1993-08-31 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Elastic articles having improved unload power and a process for their production |
| FI951192L (fi) * | 1992-09-15 | 1995-03-14 | Dow Chemical Co | Kestomuovien iskumodifiointi |
| BR9300315A (pt) * | 1993-02-03 | 1994-10-04 | Johnson & Johnson Ind Com | Escova dental. |
| GR1002012B (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1995-10-30 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer | Self-standing toothbrush |
| US5774923A (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1998-07-07 | Smithkline Beecham Plc | Toothbrush having a flexibly linked zone in its head |
| JP3387591B2 (ja) | 1993-11-22 | 2003-03-17 | ジョンソン・エンド・ジョンソン株式会社 | 歯ブラシ |
| DE4415886A1 (de) * | 1994-05-05 | 1995-11-09 | Coronet Werke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Borstenwaren im Wege des Spritzgießens |
| US6682825B1 (en) | 1994-06-06 | 2004-01-27 | Cryovac, Inc. | Films having enhanced sealing characteristics and packages containing same |
| US5747592A (en) | 1994-12-16 | 1998-05-05 | Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. | Thermoplastic polymer compositions and their production and use |
| US5714547A (en) | 1995-08-04 | 1998-02-03 | Inteplast Corporation | Polymer blend composition for forming transparent polyethylene film |
| TW384214B (en) | 1995-12-29 | 2000-03-11 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Contouring toothbrush head |
| DE19616112A1 (de) * | 1996-04-23 | 1997-10-30 | Coronet Werke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Borstenwaren |
| JPH1052316A (ja) * | 1996-08-12 | 1998-02-24 | Lion Corp | ブラシの製造方法 |
| GB9620092D0 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1996-11-13 | Unilever Plc | A brush and method for producing same |
| US5836769A (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1998-11-17 | Gillette Canada Inc. | Toothbrush, method of making a toothbrush, and method of brushing teeth |
| US6138315A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 2000-10-31 | Chesebrough-Pond's Usa Co., Divison Of Conopco, Inc. | Antimicrobial active compounds |
-
1999
- 1999-08-31 US US09/385,578 patent/US6397425B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-08-22 CN CNB008123128A patent/CN100396209C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-22 EP EP00955819A patent/EP1211961B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-22 AT AT00955819T patent/ATE272338T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-22 BR BRPI0013626-3A patent/BR0013626B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-22 RU RU2002107995/12A patent/RU2246887C2/ru active
- 2000-08-22 ES ES00955819T patent/ES2226904T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-22 WO PCT/US2000/022997 patent/WO2001015567A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-08-22 DE DE60012756T patent/DE60012756T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-22 AU AU67959/00A patent/AU769355B2/en not_active Expired
- 2000-08-22 MX MXPA02002147A patent/MXPA02002147A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2000-08-22 JP JP2001519792A patent/JP2003508099A/ja active Pending
- 2000-08-22 CA CA002381538A patent/CA2381538C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-02-06 ZA ZA200201052A patent/ZA200201052B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4691404A (en) * | 1985-02-21 | 1987-09-08 | John O. Butler Company | Toothbrush |
| US5266392A (en) * | 1991-09-16 | 1993-11-30 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Plastomer compatibilized polyethylene/polypropylene blends |
| US5398369A (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1995-03-21 | Chesebrough-Pond's Usa Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Toothbrush with pliable pressure pad |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR0013626B1 (pt) | 2009-01-13 |
| EP1211961B1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
| EP1211961A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
| AU6795900A (en) | 2001-03-26 |
| DE60012756D1 (de) | 2004-09-09 |
| CA2381538A1 (en) | 2001-03-08 |
| RU2246887C2 (ru) | 2005-02-27 |
| ZA200201052B (en) | 2003-07-30 |
| JP2003508099A (ja) | 2003-03-04 |
| CA2381538C (en) | 2005-11-01 |
| CN100396209C (zh) | 2008-06-25 |
| BR0013626A (pt) | 2002-05-14 |
| CN1423536A (zh) | 2003-06-11 |
| ES2226904T3 (es) | 2005-04-01 |
| ATE272338T1 (de) | 2004-08-15 |
| MXPA02002147A (es) | 2003-04-10 |
| WO2001015567A1 (en) | 2001-03-08 |
| US6397425B1 (en) | 2002-06-04 |
| DE60012756T2 (de) | 2005-08-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |