AU713011B2 - Reactors for photocatalytic waste water purification with multiribbed plates as solar elements - Google Patents
Reactors for photocatalytic waste water purification with multiribbed plates as solar elements Download PDFInfo
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- AU713011B2 AU713011B2 AU50727/96A AU5072796A AU713011B2 AU 713011 B2 AU713011 B2 AU 713011B2 AU 50727/96 A AU50727/96 A AU 50727/96A AU 5072796 A AU5072796 A AU 5072796A AU 713011 B2 AU713011 B2 AU 713011B2
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- photocatalyst
- multiribbed
- waste water
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- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium ion Chemical compound [Ti+4] LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010796 biological waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
- C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Reactor for photocatalytic purificn. of waste liquor has a solar cell (1) of spaced laminated plates of thermoplastic extrudable, transparent or translucent plastics contg. a photocatalyst, through which the liquor can flow. Also claimed are the bridge laminates per se.
Description
Ipow P/00/011 Regulation 3.2
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT
ORIGINAL
9' 9 ft ft 9 9 TO BE COMPLETED BY APPLICANT Name of Applicant: Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: Invention Title: ROHM GMBH Volker Benz; Michael Miller; Detlef Bahnemann; Dirk Weichgrebe; Manfred Brehm CALLINAN LAWRIE, 278 High Street, Kew, 3101, Victoria, Australia "REACTORS FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC WASTE WATER PURIFICATION WITH MULTIRIBBED PLATES AS SOLAR
ELEMENTS"
The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me:- 1/4/96LP8650.CS,1 I_
A-
64326.338 REACTORS FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC WASTE WATER PURIFICATION WITH MULTIRIBBED PLATES AS SOLAR ELEMENTS The invention relates to plastic reactors for use in the photocatalytic purification of waste water. The term "photocatalytic waste water purification" is understood to mean both chemical purification and detoxification, as well as disinfection of waste water by means of a photocatalyst using the effects of light.
The field of waste water purification is of enormous ecological significance. In addition to purification by means of biological methods in sewage treatment plants, chemical, especially photochemical, solutions for purification or detoxification of waste water have 20 increasingly been discussed in recent years. In his review (Nachr. Chem. Tech. Lab., Vol. 42, No. 4, pp.
378-388 (1994)), D. Bahnemann describes the current state of solar waste water detoxification.
In principle, photocatalytic waste water purification involves the photocatalytic oxidation of pollutants in an aqueous solution or in waste water.
Titanium dioxide is currently the primary photocatalyst used. Sunlight photons, rich in energy, are capable of generating the so-called electron/hole pair in materials such as TiO 2 Through photoenergy, electrons transfer •from the valence band of the semiconductor into its conduction band and leave defective electrons or holes behind in the valence band. The electron holes which are formed in this way are highly oxidizing towards practically all organic pollutant molecules such as phenol, chloroform, dichloroacetic acid or propanol, and the like, which ideally are converted to carbon dioxide.
It is hoped that particularly effective action will result from the combination of solar and conventional biological waste water purification.
1_1 i 2 Another principle of solar waste water purification uses organic dyes, such as methylene blue, and their capability, when exposed to light, of generating singlet oxygen which is also an effective oxidant and has special antimicrobial activity (see A. Archer et al., Photochemical Disinfection of Effluents Pilot Plant Studies, Wat. Res., Vol. 24, pp. 837-843 (1990)). Such photocatalysts are also called photosensitizers. With the help of appropriate solar reactors, this method can be used, for example, to eliminate microorganisms, which are a health concern, in waste water which is used in dry areas to irrigate grain crops or other cultivated fields.
The principle of photocatalytic waste water purification can be applied practically by means of reactors through which waste water is passed. The 9' 6 parabolic flow reactor, thin-film solid bed reactor, and the thin-film suspension reactor are known (see for example: TNO, NL, Applied Research, December 1993, Vol.
52, p. In the parabolic flow reactor, sunlight is focused by parabolic mirrors onto the reactor pipes through which waste water flows, and the pipes may be constructed, for example, of borosilicate glass for better utilization of the UV component of sunlight.
25 Several solar elements may be connected with one another, for example by polyethylene pipes, and the aperture surfaces of a large test installation can be, for example, approximately 200 m 2 at a length of 100 m.
The photocatalyst TiO 2 is used in suspension and must be separated by filtration after the waste water purification.
In the thin-film solid bed reactor, the photocatalyst can be fixed to a glass or steel plate.
The costly step of separation of TiO 2 particles and purified waste water is, therefore, eliminated. The waste water to be purified can be conducted in a thin layer over the glass plate. The solar element is mounted at an angle to the solar radiation. One 3 advantage over the parabolic flow reactor, which must be oriented to the position of the sun, as a lightconcentrating reactor, since it only utilizes direct solar radiation, is that the thin-film solid bed reactor can also absorb diffuse solar radiation through its level solar-elements.
In spite of its advantages over the parabolic flow reactor, there are still a number of unresolved problems which complicate the use of thin-film solid bed reactors. The thin-film solid bed reactors which have been utilized for some time now are only test reactors of a reduced size, for example, of a 0.7m 2 solar element surface. In addition, the construction costs for production, particularly joining and sealing of the solar elements developed today, are extraordinarily high. Therefore, a simple conversion of the .a.
construction to a larger scale appears impracticable.
At present, there are no solutions for large scale, easily constructed, and thus economical solar elements.
Multiribbed plates, especially of polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate, are widely used primarily as transparent or translucent roofing elements in the construction industry. Furthermore, multichamber 2 plastic plates are known as solar collectors as disclosed in, for example, DE-P No. 4 234 947. The chambers here are used as spaces through which liquids flow and the front faces are sealed in each case by means of a collection adapter which connects the chambers. The adapters each have an inlet and an outlet. German Utility Model No. G 94 055 157 describes a multiribbed plate of polymethyl methacrylate which can be used as a solar collector element through which liquid flows after partial opening of the rib ends and adhesion of the front faces. There is still a need however for an improved photocatalytic waste water treatment apparatus which contains a solar element.
Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide a photocatalytic waste water treatment reactor comprising 4 a stable, light, and above all, economical solar element.
The present invention therefore provides a reactor for photocatalytic waste water purification which includes a solar element comprising at least one multiribbed plate formed of a thermoplastic, extrudable, transparent or translucent plastic present and through which, in use, liquid to be purified may be caused to flow in contact with a photocatalyst.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the reactor of the invention containing a multiribbed solar element.
Advantageously, the present invention comprises as the solar element a plastic body, the multiribbed plate, which is already available and produced industrially on a large scale, and thus is more economical. Multiribbed plates, especially of polymethyl methacrylate, are known to exhibit high flexural strength, high transparency or translucency, depending on the design, and excellent 99o resistance to weathering. In addition, they are permeable to UV light, which is essential for the use of for example, Ti0 2 the currently most widely used catalyst. Additionally, means and methods for partial closure of the multiribbed plates on the front face through mechanical seals or adhesion are known.
Naturally, inlets and outlets must be present so that liquid can flow through the multiribbed plate.
Alternatively, the multiribbed plate of transparent or translucent thermoplastic may be formed from an extrudable plastic, said plate having hollow chambers which are coated with a photocatalyst.
The invention will be further explained by reference to Figure 1. The core of the reactor is a looped solar element through which a liquid can flow, which is closed on the front faces except for the openings for I~ I I: 5 the inlet and outlet Line denotes a circulatory line, and denotes a solid/liquid separation unit (for example, to separate TiO 2 from the purified waste water). Stopcocks provide ventilation of the system, and pressure manometers record pressure loss in the system. The circulatory and afferent flow can be recorded by inductive flow-through measurement devices The flow direction is indicated by arrows.
The term "photocatalytic waste water" purification employed in the text encompasses both chemical purification or detoxification and also disinfection of waste water by means of a photocatalyst, using the effects of light. The term "reactor" is used to indicate an installation for photocatalytic waste water purification in its entirety. The reactor consists particularly of one or more solar elements and other customary reactor components which are necessary 20 for liquid recycling or circulation through the solar se 20 elements, such as lines, pumps, possibly sampling valves, reserve tanks, and the like.
The term "solar element" denotes those reactor components in which the photocatalytic processes take place upon irradiation with light. The light source may 25 be solar radiation (solar waste water purification) and also artificial light. The term "photocatalyst" is understood to mean both photocatalytically active *ds: substances, such as Ti0 2 as well as photosensitizers, such as methylene blue.
The use of a multiribbed plate as the solar element is an essential feature of the invention.
Preferably, the solar elements are commercially available multiribbed plates of transparent or translucent plastic. In these plates, the ribs run vertically to the bracing surface. Customary dimensions may be, for double-ribbed plates, a thickness of approximately 5-40 mm, a rib distance approximately 5-80 mm, a width of approximately 500-2500 mm, and a length 6 of approximately 1000-8000 mm. In principle, however, multiribbed plates with other geometries or measurements can also be used.
Suitable examples of plastic materials include polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyesters, polyolefins, and the like.
In the selection of the plastic material, the band gaps relevant for the action of the photocatalyst or the appropriate-radiation spectrum must be considered.
These are below approximately 390 nm for the catalyst TiO 2 which is preferably employed, so that only transparent or translucent plastics dyed to be permeable to this range are suitable. When TiO 2 is used as the catalyst, the multiribbed plates preferably consist essentially of polymethyl methacrylate, whereas, for example, plates of polycarbonate are less suitable 0 because of their low permeability to UV light. When other photocatalysts, such as haematite or iron(III)/titanium(IV) mixed oxides are used or 20 photosensitizers, such as methylene blue, which produce their catalytic effect in the range of visible light, 0 plates, for example, with lower UV permeability or UV- Simpermeable plates may also be used.
Multiribbed plates of transparent or translucent 25 plastic are commercially available in various designs, for example, as double-ribbed plates, triple-ribbed plates, or quadruple-ribbed plates, with double-ribbed plates being preferred. However, for larger solar elements, for example, triple- or quadruple-ribbed plates or ribbed plates having a special geometry are preferred, because of their higher stability.
Completely transparent multiribbed plates are preferred, since, generally the greatest possible utilization of solar energy is desired. Translucent plates can be selected under certain circumstances if, for example, excessive heating of the waste water to be purified should be avoided. In this case, for example, whitetinted multiribbed plates with light transmittance of, 7 for example, 40-85% are preferred.
The photocatalyst, for example TiO 2 can be directed through the multiribbed plate in suspension. In this case, the TiO' can be removed, for example, by precipitation and/or filtration after completed purification of the waste water. This can be done for example, by adjustment of the pH, for example to 6-8, at which pH the TiO 2 no longer remains in suspension, but settles as s-ediment.
However, it is also possible to fix the photocatalyst to the inside of the multiribbed plate.
Methods for the internal coating of double-ribbed plates with water-repellent coatings are known, for example, as described in EP 530 617 Al. There, using a special tool, holes are created in the upper brace of the hollow form, cooled after extrusion, through which the coating agent can be introduced. In order to achieve complete *wetting of the inner space, the hollow form is bent downwards behind the tool in the elastic area and 20 continuously wetted with the coating agent. After this interval has been filled, the hollow chamber form is returned upwards so that the excess coating agent runs back again. In a similar manner, the coating can be performed with a colloidal suspension, for example, 0.1- 25 15% TiO 2 suspension in H 2 0 that may also contain a wetting agent insoluble in water, for example, 1-10 wt% ethoxylated fatty alcohol. The coating can then be dried or fixed, for example, by blowing in warm air.
The quantity of catalyst in the applied layer should be approximately 0.01-5 mg/cm 2 Furthermore, triple- or quadruple-ribbed plates can also be coated by immersion or inundation. Watersoluble photocatalysts can be applied to the inside of the plates, for example, together with a lacquer coating, for example, through immersion or inundation.
If necessary, an additional photoplatinization of the catalyst layer may be reasonable, to achieve an increase of the reaction rate or the redox process. For ?i-^jTI- 8 this, for example, as described by N.Z. Muradov (Solar Energy, Vol. 52, pp. 283-288, 1994), metallic platinum from an H 2 PtCl 6 solution can be fixed to the TiO 2 coating through the effects of light.
The multiribbed plate, as a solar element serves as a system for conduction of the waste water or waste water/photocatalyst suspension to be purified or detoxified. Therefore, it has at least one inlet and at least one outlet, so that a system through which a liquid can flow is available. For expediency, the largest part of the front face, with the exception of the inlet or outlet is tightly sealedby metal or preferably plastic parts. In this case the hollow chambers can be joined at the ends into a collection channel which is formed by the adapter. Likewise, a meandering flow-through of the hollow chamber can be designed in that, for example, first the rib ends are countersunk or broken out alternately and then the front faces are sealed so that the waste water flows through one hollow cavity after another before it leaves the solar element. Several solar elements can be connected *9 with one another. The flowthrough rate of the waste water should be selected so that the current is turbulent.
25 Numerous systems of multiribbed plates for sealing of the solar reactor are known. DE 423 947 describes corresponding collection adapters which can be flangemounted on multichamber plastic plates by means of pegs with seals. EP 381 028 describes the connection of a plastic collection adapter to ribbed plates which serve as heat exchange elements, through welding of the plastic. German Utility Model No. 94 055 157 describes, for example, a permanent adhesive, without stress cracking, for multiribbed plates of polymethyl methacrylate. The double-ribbed plate through which a liquid can flow, described therein in the example, is suitable as a solar element for a reactor for solar waste water purification.
9 The following Example is a non-limiting illustration of the invention.
Example A double-ribbed plate of polymethyl methacrylate as solar element for a test reactor for solar waste water purification.
A double-ribbed plate of transparent polymethyl methacrylate with the dimensions of width 980 mm, length 1400 mm, height 16 mm, and rib distance 32 mm, is selected. The rib ends are countersunk alternately at the ends by approximately 2 cm. One front face is completely sealed by adhesion with a polymethyl methacrylate strip. The other front face is also sealed except for one inlet and one outlet each. The system through which a liquid flows is designed so that starting from the inlet, liquid flows through all hollow .0 2 chambers in succession until it exits at the outlet.
20 The inlet and outlet are connected with the liquid conveyance system of the reactor so that impure waste water can be directed through the solar element.
Approximately 7.5 g TiO 2 /L (Hombikat UV 100
R
Sachtleben) as photocatalyst is added to the artificial 25 model waste water produced with 1 mmol/L dichloroacetic acid (DCA). The model waste water/photocatalyst suspension is adjusted to a starting pH of 3.6. The flow-through rate is approximately 0.7 m 3 To simulate sunlight, the solar element is illuminated with a bank of lamps consisting of 7 Phillips TL-40 UVA lamps with a capacity of 105 W/m 2 /h.
The irradiated reactor surface is approximately 0.7 2 m 2 A breakdown of 0.0124 mmol/L x min is determined from the plotting of the logarithm -of the DCA concentration against time (1st order plot). From the latter, a quantum yield of approximately 2% is obtained.
Claims (7)
1. A photocatalytic waste water purification reactor, said reactor including a solar element through which liquid to be purified may be caused to flow, said solar element including at least one multi-ribbed plate formed of thermoplastic, extrudable, transparent or translucent plastic, and a photocatalyst, the arrangement being such that, in use, said liquid is in flow contact with said photocatalyst.
2. A reactor according to Claim 1, wherein the multiribbed plate comprises polymethyl methacrylate.
3. A reactor according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the photocatalyst is present in the multiribbed plate as a suspension or solution in the waste water to be purified-
9.. 20 4. A reactor according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the photocatalyst is present as an inner coating on the multiribbed plate, 5. A reactor according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, 25 wherein the photocatalyst is TiO2. 6- A reactor according to Claim 4, wherein the ;i photocatalyst is applied as a layer in an amount of 0.01-5 mg/cm 2 7. A reactor according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein said photocatalyst is haematite or iron (III)/titanium (IV) mixed oxides or methylene blue as a photosensitizer- 8. A multiribbed plate of thermoplastic, extrudable plastic having a plurality of hollow chambers which are coated with a photocatalyst. SI,, Wa<, -11 9. A multiribbed plate according to Claim 7, wherein the photocatalyst is TiO 2 A method of fabricating a photocatalytic waste water purification reactor containing a solar element, said method including incorporating at least one multiribbed plate as the solar element, said at least one multiribbed plate having a photocatalyst included therein.
11. The method of Claim 10, wherein said multiribbed plate has hollow chambers whose interior surfaces are coated with a photocatalyst.
12. A photocatalytic waste water purification reactor, substantially as hereinbefore described and with reference to the Example.
13. A photocatalytic waste water purification reactor, substantially as hereinbefore described and with reference to the Drawing. 0 0 0.• Dated this 5 th day of October, 1999. OS ROHM GMBH By their Patent Attorneys: CALLINAN LAWRIE 0 @5 S 0 u^ iJ i 05/10/99, gc8650.spe.doc, 11
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19514372 | 1995-04-18 | ||
| DE1995114372 DE19514372A1 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1995-04-18 | Reactors for photocatalytic wastewater treatment with multi-wall sheets as solar elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU5072796A AU5072796A (en) | 1996-10-31 |
| AU713011B2 true AU713011B2 (en) | 1999-11-18 |
Family
ID=7759854
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU50727/96A Ceased AU713011B2 (en) | 1995-04-18 | 1996-04-17 | Reactors for photocatalytic waste water purification with multiribbed plates as solar elements |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0738686B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE194132T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU713011B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19514372A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0738686T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2148623T3 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL117938A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018167700A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Universidad De Guadalajara | Photocatalytic system for the treatment of stillage |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19644992C1 (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-03-12 | Roehm Gmbh | Solar cell with temperature control for optimum photochemical reaction or photosynthesis conditions |
| DE10009060A1 (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-06 | Dlr Ev | Solar photoreactor |
| DE10049437A1 (en) | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-25 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Bioreactor for growing phototropic microorganisms comprises trough of transparent material fitted with septa that create meandering flow path |
| DE10216477B4 (en) * | 2002-04-13 | 2006-01-19 | Liedy, Werner, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | New reactor and process concepts for the technical application of photocatalysis |
| FR2922299A1 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2009-04-17 | Fabre Jean Paul Georges Leo Vi | Solar radiation collecting device for e.g. industrial application, has monoblock and self-supporting panel made of extruded material and including distant channels blocked at their ends, where coolant is circulated at interior of panel |
| BRPI0906644A2 (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2019-09-10 | Ecoduna Og | method and device for photochemical process |
| DE102008022406A1 (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2009-11-12 | Hengst Gmbh & Co.Kg | Method and device for separating water from fuel |
| AT507989B1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2013-01-15 | Ecoduna Technologie Gmbh | DEVICE FOR A PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESS |
| DE102009016433B4 (en) * | 2009-04-04 | 2013-10-24 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Process for the continuous deposition of colloidal semiconductor photocatalyst particles from aqueous suspensions |
| DE102009029792A1 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-30 | Schott Ag | Container useful as component of photobioreactors for storing or transferring aqueous solutions or suspensions, where inner wall of the container is provided with coating, which prevents adhesion of biologically reproducible substances |
| AT515854B1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-07-15 | Ecoduna Ag | Process for a photochemical, such as photocatalytic and / or photosynthetic process |
| US10414670B2 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2019-09-17 | Global Water Farms Corporation | Systems and methods for distillation of water from seawater, brackish water, waste waters, and effluent waters |
| WO2017035244A1 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-02 | Global Water Farms Corporation | Systems and methods for distillation of water from seawater, brackish water, waste waters, and effluent waters |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5352359A (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1994-10-04 | Ebara Corporation | Ultraviolet reactor with mixing baffle plates |
| JPH06343875A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-20 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Photocatalyst body |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3245717B2 (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 2002-01-15 | 三井造船株式会社 | Sheet-shaped environmental purification device |
-
1995
- 1995-04-18 DE DE1995114372 patent/DE19514372A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-04-11 EP EP19960105703 patent/EP0738686B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-11 AT AT96105703T patent/ATE194132T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-04-11 ES ES96105703T patent/ES2148623T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-11 DE DE59605478T patent/DE59605478D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-04-11 DK DK96105703T patent/DK0738686T3/en active
- 1996-04-17 IL IL11793896A patent/IL117938A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-04-17 AU AU50727/96A patent/AU713011B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5352359A (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1994-10-04 | Ebara Corporation | Ultraviolet reactor with mixing baffle plates |
| JPH06343875A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-20 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Photocatalyst body |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018167700A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | Universidad De Guadalajara | Photocatalytic system for the treatment of stillage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59605478D1 (en) | 2000-08-03 |
| ES2148623T3 (en) | 2000-10-16 |
| DK0738686T3 (en) | 2000-10-16 |
| EP0738686B1 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
| AU5072796A (en) | 1996-10-31 |
| DE19514372A1 (en) | 1996-10-24 |
| IL117938A0 (en) | 1996-08-04 |
| ATE194132T1 (en) | 2000-07-15 |
| EP0738686A1 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
| IL117938A (en) | 1999-09-22 |
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| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) |