AU710016B2 - A heat exchanger for an air conditioner or the like - Google Patents

Description

-2 tubes 11 are inserted in the fins with their end portions connected to one another by U-shaped communication tubes 12. With this arrangement, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 13 and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 14 are aligned, in a staggered form as a whole, at an upwind half and a downwind half 40b, respectively, of each of the plurality of fins In this heat exchanger, a refrigerant from a compressor flows through an inlet tube 9 and diverges in two vertical directions to flow into the downwind heat transfer tubes 14, at which the refrigerant exchanges heat with air A passing the fins 40. Thereafter the refrigerant flows into the upwind heat transfer tubes 13. The refrigerant that has flowed into the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 further exchanges heat with the air A passing the fins 40. Then, after converging from the two vertical directions, the refrigerant flows out through an outlet tube 8 and returns to the compressor by way of a pressure reducing device and an evaporator.

The temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchanger gradually decreases according as it passes through the heat transfer tubes 13 and 14 while exchanging heat with the air A. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the temperature at several portions of the hairpin type heat transfer tubes 11 and the U-shaped communication 3 tube 12 in the aforementioned prior art heat exchanger.

The connection structure of the hairpin type heat transfer tubes 11 and the U-shaped communication tube 12 is shown on the left-hand side of the figure, and their temperatures are shown in the graph on the right-hand side. The temperature has the highest value of about 90 oC in the vicinity of the inlet tube 9. On the other hand, the temperature has the lowest value of about 30 oC in the vicinity of the outlet tube 8. The temperature gradually decreases along the flow path of the refrigerant from the vicinity of the inlet tube 9 to the vicinity of the outlet tube 8 by the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air A. As shown in Fig. 11, disorder occurs in the temperature change at portions B and C enclosed by dashed lines. This is because the heat transfer tubes (inlet vicinity heat transfer tubes) 14a located in the vicinity of the inlet tube 9 and having the highest temperature and the heat transfer tubes (outlet vicinity heat transfer tubes) 13a located in the vicinity of the outlet tube 8 and having the lowest temperature are arranged close to each other and they share the same fins 40. That is, in regard to the portion B, the inlet vicinity heat transfer tubes 14a are arranged close to and above and below the outlet vicinity heat transfer tube 13a located on the lower side.

Therefore, the high-temperature heat of a superheated gas 4 which flows through the inlet vicinity heat transfer tube 14a is transferred via the fin 40 and imparted to a supercooled liquid which flows through the outlet vicinity heat transfer tube 13a, so that a significant temperature rise occurs. In regard to the portion C, the outlet vicinity heat transfer tubes 13a is arranged close to and above and below the inlet vicinity heat transfer tube 14a on the upper side. Therefore, the low-temperature heat of the supercooled liquid which flows through the outlet vicinity heat transfer tube 13a is also imparted, transferred via the fin 40, to the superheated gas which flows through the inlet vicinity heat transfer tube 14a, so that a significant temperature fall occurs. When the heat conduction via the fins 40 as described above occurs between the inlet tube 9 side and the outlet tube 8 side, the thermal efficiency of the condenser is significantly reduced by the unnecessary heat flow.

In view of the above, there has been conventionally proposed an improved heat exchanger as shown in Fig. 12, in which a plurality of slits 41 are provided between the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 and the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 so that the slits 41 thermally separate the upwind halves 40a from the downwind halves of the fins 40 refer to Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. HEI 3-194370) 5 However, when the slits 41 as shown in Fig. 12 are provided at the fins 40, the bending rigidity of the fins 40 is degraded in a direction in which the fins 40 are arranged in the direction in which the heat transfer tubes 13 and 14 are inserted) as shown in the figure. This has consequently led to a problem that the workability is reduced in handling the press-formed fins 40, inserting the hairpin type heat transfer tubes 11 into the stack of fins 40 and other operations. Furthermore, the fins 40 are deformed during these works, and this causes problems that the heat exchanging ability, or performance, of the heat exchanger is reduced and that the ventilation resistance increases.

Disclosure of the Invention It is the object of the present invention to overcome or substantially ameliorate at least one of the above disadvantages.

There is disclosed herein a heat exchanger of a crossed-fin-and-tube type wherein a plurality of fins are placed side by side, a plurality of upwind heat transfer tubes penetrate an upwind half of each fin and are aligned in a specified direction in the upwind half, a plurality of downwind heat transfer tubes penetrates a downwind half of each fin and are aligned in the downwind half in a direction substantially identical to the *oo o* [N:\LIBLL]02237:TCW

I

-6direction in which said upwind heat transfer tubes are aligned, and said upwind half is thermally separated from said downwind half by a plurality of cut lines which are spaced from each other and arranged in a specified direction, wherein at least some of said cut lines extend in a direction angularly offset from the direction of arrangement of said cut lines; wherein said upwind heat transfer tubes and said downwind heat transfer tubes are arranged in a staggered form as a whole, and each cut line is located between the mutually adjacent upwind heat transfer tube and downwind heat transfer tube, and extended intersecting an imaginary line which connects centers of the mutually adjacent upwind and downwind heat transfer tubes; and further wherein said upwind heat transfer tubes and said downwind heat transfer tubes are made to have an approximately identical diameter whose magnitude is represented by W1, each cut line is extended in a region centered on said imaginary line and having a width represented by W2, and an expression of 0.4 W2/W1 1.3 holds.

Assuming that an angle made between the direction in which the cut lines are arranged and the direction in which the at least one cut line extends is 0, preferably, a relationship of 50 0 1750 is satisfied.

ooooo o [N:\LIBLL]02237:TCW In this heat exchanger, since at least some, preferably all, of the plurality of cut lines are extended in a direction intersecting the direction in which the cut lines are arranged, it is possible to reduce such a degradation in the bending rigidity of the fins that will cause the bending of the fins with the direction of arrangement of the cut lines serving as a center of the bending. Thus, it is possible to secure the rigidity of the fins while preventing the possible occurrence of unnecessary heat conduction via the fins.

Because the cut lines are provided across the imaginary lines and in each of spaces between the upwind heat transfer tubes and the downwind heat transfer tubes, the unnecessary heat conduction via the fins is prevented.

According to the preferred arrangement, the degradation in the rigidity of the fins is avoided under the normal working conditions while more surely preventing the unnecessary heat conduction via the fins.

Assuming that a distance between mutually facing outer peripheral portions of the upwind heat transfer tube 9* 9 9•~e [N:\LIBLL]02237:TCW 8 and downwind heat transfer tube on the imaginary line is L1 and that a distance between a point at which the cut line intersects the imaginary line and the outer peripheral portion of the downwind heat transfer tube on the imaginary line is L2, then an expression of 0.2 s L2/L1 s 0.8 preferably holds. With this arrangement, the possible occurrence of unnecessary heat conduction via the fins can be still more surely prevented.

In another embodiment, the upwind half and downwind half of each fin are formed with raised portions having cut edges which protrude into an air flow path and extend in a direction intersecting a direction of air flow, and the cut lines are arranged in a middle portion formed between the upwind raised portions and the downwind raised portions.

In this case, the heat exchanging ability, or performance, is enhanced by the raised portions.

Furthermore, the degradation in the rigidity of the fins is reduced while preventing the possible occurrence of unnecessary heat conduction via the fins.

Assuming that the middle portion has a width W3 in a direction in which the upwind heat transfer tubes are laterally spaced from the downwind heat transfer tubes and that a region in which the cut lines are extended has a width W4 in the direction in which the upwind heat transfer 9 tubes are laterally spaced from the downwind heat transfer tubes, then an expression of 0.4 r W4/W3 0.9, preferably, holds.

In this case, it is possible to avoid the degradation in the rigidity of the fins while more surely preventing the unnecessary heat conduction via the fins.

Furthermore, assuming that a distance between the centers of the mutually adjacent upwind and downwind heat transfer tubes in the vertical direction in which the upwind heat transfer tubes or the downwind heat transfer tubes are aligned is L3 and that a distance between the centers of the upwind heat transfer tube and cut line in the direction of alignment of the upwind heat transfer tubes or the downwind heat transfer tubes is L4, an expression of 0.3 5 L4/L3 s 0.7, preferably, may hold. In this case, the possible occurrence of unnecessary heat conduction via the fins is still more surely prevented.

In an embodiment, a higher-temperature refrigerant flows through the downwind heat transfer tubes and a lower-temperature refrigerant flows through the upwind heat transfer tubes, and the upwind half of each fin is formed with a fin connecting portion which is interposed between two upwind raised portions and which is located on an upwind side of the downwind heat transfer tubes.

10 With this arrangement, part of the highertemperature heat of the downwind heat transfer tubes is transferred to the upwind half of the fin via the fin connecting portions. This enables prevention of an abnormal drop in temperature at those portions of the upwind half located between the upwind heat transfer tubes.

Therefore, a sufficient heat exchanging ability, or a good performance, is secured.

In an embodiment, assuming that an angle made between the direction in which the upwind heat transfer tubes or the downwind heat transfer tubes are aligned and a direction in which the at least one cut line is extended is 6, then an expression of 50 s 6 5 1750 holds. Preferably, mutually adjacent cut lines are extended in such a manner that they intersect the direction of alignment of the upwind heat transfer tubes or the downwind heat transfer tubes in opposite directions. In this case, the unnecessary heat conduction via the fins is still more surely prevented and a sufficient rigidity of the fins is also secured.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a heat pump air conditioner which employs the heat exchanger of the present invention; 11 Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a front view of a part of a fin of the embodiment shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a front view of a part of a fin of another embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention; Fig. 5A is a perspective view showing the construction of a cut line formed at the fins shown in Figs. 3 and 4; Figs. 5B, 5C and 5D are perspective views showing modification examples of the above cut line; Fig. 6 is a graph showing a relationship between the configuration of a cut line and the heat exchanger performance, the graph showing values of the heat exchanger performance for each value of W2/W1 when it is assumed that the heat exchanger performance for W2/Wl=0 has a value of Fig. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between the configuration of a cut line and the heat exchanger performance, the graph showing values of the heat exchanger performance for each value of L2/L1 when it is assumed that the heat exchanger performance for L2/Ll=0.5 has a value of 12 Fig. 8 is a graph showing a relationship between the configuration of a cut line and the heat exchanger performance, the graph showing values of the heat exchanger performance for each value of W4/W3 when it is assumed that the heat exchanger performance for W4/W3=0 has a value of Fig. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between the configuration of a cut line and the heat exchanger performance, the graph showing values of the heat exchanger performance for each value of L4/L3 when it is assumed that the heat exchanger performance for L4/L3=0.5 has a value of Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a prior art heat exchanger; Fig. 11 is a graph showing the temperature at each portion of heat transfer tubes of the prior art heat exchanger; and Fig. 12 is a perspective view of an improved example of the prior art heat exchanger.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the heat exchanger of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

13 Fig. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a heat pump air conditioner provided with a refrigerant circuit.

In the figure, a reference numeral 1 denotes a compressor, a reference numeral 2 denotes a four-way selector valve, a reference numeral 3 denotes an indoor heat exchanger provided with an indoor fan 7, reference numeral 4 denotes a pressure reducing device, such as a capillary tube, and a reference numeral 5 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger provided with an outdoor fan 6. Also, a reference numeral 8 denotes an accumulator. When executing a heating operation with this air conditioner, the four-way selector valve 2 is switched to the solid line side to drive the compressor 1. Then, a refrigerant flows from the compressor 1 through the indoor heat exchanger 3, pressure reducing device 4 and outdoor heat exchanger 5 and is thereafter fed back to the compressor i. The indoor heat exchanger 3 functions as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 functions as an evaporator. Fig. 2 schematically shows the construction of the above indoor heat exchanger 3 which functions as a condenser in the heating operation, wherein components similar to those of the prior art heat exchanger shown in Fig. 10 are denoted by the same reference characters. The structure of this indoor heat exchanger 3 is similar to that of the prior art shown in Fig. 10 except for the configuration of the fins 14 That is, a number of fins 10 made of a metal, such as aluminum, having a good heat conduction are arranged side by side in parallel with each other at specified intervals, and a plurality of hairpin type heat transfer tubes 11 are inserted in the fins 10 with their end portions connected to one another by U-shaped communication tubes 12. With this arrangement, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 13 and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 14 are arranged in a vertical direction, in a staggered form as a whole, at an upwind half 10a and a downwind half 10b, respectively, of the fins 10. The refrigerant from the compressor 1 flows through an inlet tube 9 and diverges in two vertical directions to flow into the downwind heat transfer tubes 14, at which the refrigerant exchanges heat with air A passing the fins 10. Thereafter the refrigerant flows into the upwind heat transfer tubes 13. The refrigerant that has flowed into the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 further exchanges heat with the air A passing the fins 10. Then, after converging from the two vertical directions, the refrigerant flows out through an outlet tube 8 and returns to the compressor 1 by way of the pressure reducing device 4 and the evaporator Next, the fins 10 of the above indoor heat exchanger 3 will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 3. In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes the 15 upwind heat transfer tube and reference numeral 14 denotes the downwind heat transfer tube. The figure shows the cross-sections of the heat transfer tubes. These heat transfer tubes 13 and 14 have an identical diameter, the magnitude of which is represented by W1 in the figure. In the same figure, a reference numeral 15 denotes a cut line.

The cut lines 15 each extend intersecting an imaginary line which connects the centers of the mutually adjacent upwind heat transfer tube 13 and downwind heat transfer tube 14. Assuming that a distance between mutually confronting outer peripheral portions of the upwind heat transfer tube 13 and the downwind heat transfer tube 14 on the imaginary line 20 is L1 and that a distance between the outer peripheral portion of the downwind heat transfer tube 14 and an intersection point at which the cut line intersects the imaginary line is L2, the intersection point is located in a position satisfying the following relationship: 0.2 s L2/LI 0.8 Further, the cut line 15 is provided in a region centered on the imaginary line 20 and having a width W2 which satisfies the following relationship: 0.4 W2/W1 5 1.3 Further, assuming that an angle made between the cut line 15 and a vertical direction in which the downwind heat 16 transfer tubes 14 are aligned is 8, the cut line 15 is provided within a range of 50 s 6 1750 so that the adjacent cut lines 15 intersect the direction in which the downwind heat transfer tubes are arranged, in the mutually reverse directions, as shown in Fig. 3. Its concrete shape is provided by an elongated hole as shown in Fig. 5A. It is to be noted that the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 and the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 are arranged mutually parallel to each other, and this means that the cut lines 15 are provided at same angles relative to the vertical direction in which the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 are aligned as relative to the direction in which the downwind heat transfer tubes are aligned.

In the heat exchanger constructed as above, the plurality of cut lines 15 are extended at the fins 10. The cut lines 15 are arranged along the vertical direction in which the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 and/or the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 are aligned, and the directions in which the cut lines extend make specified angles of 50 to 1750 relative to the direction in which the downwind and/or upwind heat transfer tubes are arranged. Thus, the directions in which the cut lines 15 extend, do not coincide with the direction X in which the cut lines are arranged. This avoids the degradation in the rigidity of the fins which will cause the bending of the fins with the 17 direction X of arrangement of the cut lines serving as a center of the bending. Consequently, it is possible to enhance the workability in handling the fins 10 and also to prevent the reduction of the heat exchanging ability and the increase of the ventilation resistance which are caused by the deformation of the fins Furthermore, in the above heat exchanger, by providing the fins 10 with the cut lines 15 between the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 and the downwind heat transfer tubes 14, the possible occurrence of unnecessary heat conduction from the downwind half 10b to the upwind half 10a of the fin 10 is prevented. Also, assuming that the diameter of the heat transfer tubes 13 and 14 is Wl and that the width of a zone in which the cut lines 15 are provided is W2, an expression of 0.4 W2/WI is satisfied.

With this arrangement, the unnecessary heat conduction is surely suppressed, and a sufficient performance, or heat exchanging ability is displayed, as shown in the graph of Fig. 6. Furthermore, because of W2/W1 r 1.3, the degradation in the rigidity of the fins 10 can be avoided under the normal operating conditions. Furthermore, an expression of 0.2 5 L2/L1 s 0.8 is satisfied so that the cut lines 15 are each provided in a center portion of the imaginary line 20. With this arrangement, a sufficient 18 heat exchanger performance is displayed, as shown in the graph of Fig. 7.

Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention. In Fig. 4, components similar to those of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 are denoted by the same reference characters. In this heat exchanger, upwind raised portions 16 and 17 are formed at an upwind half 100a of each fin 100, and downwind raised portions 18 are formed at a downwind half 100b of the fin 100. These raised portions 16, 17 and 18 are of the socalled slit type, formed by raising a part of the surface of each fin 100 (see Fig. 5B). Their cut edges G16a, 17a and 18a protrude in the air flow path of the air A so as to intersect the air flow direction A. Further, at the upwind half 100a of the fin 100, a fin connecting portion 19 interposed between two upwind raised portions 16 and 17 located at the most downwind side is formed on the upwind side (the left-hand side in Fig. 4) of the downwind heat transfer tubes 14. In a middle portion of the fin 100 formed between the downwind raised portion 18 located at the most upwind side and the upwind raised portions 16 and 17 located at the most downwind side, there are arranged a plurality of cut lines 15 which each intersect an imaginary line 20 connecting the centers of the mutually adjacent upwind heat transfer tube 13 and downwind heat transfer 19 tube 14. Assuming that the middle portion has a lateral width W3, the cut lines 15 are provided in a central part of the middle portion and within a lateral width W4 which satisfies the following expression: 0.4 W4/W3 r 0.9 The direction X of arrangement of the cut lines 15 is approximately parallel to the direction of alignment of the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 and hence approximately parallel to the direction of alignment of the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 as well. Then, assuming that a distance between the centers of the upwind heat transfer tube 13 and the downwind heat transfer tube 14 in the direction of alignment of the tubes is L3 and that a distance between the centers of the upwind heat transfer tube 13 and the cut line 15 in the same direction is L4, the cut line 15 is provided in a position for which the following expression holds: 0.3 s L4/L3 0.7 Further, the cut lines 15 are provided so that an angle 8 made between the direction X in which the cut lines are arranged and the direction in which the cut line extends is within a range of 50 1 6 s 1750 and that the mutually adjacent cut lines 15 are extended in the mutually reverse directions.

20 In the heat exchanger constructed as above, the raised portions 16, 17 and 18 are provided on the surfaces of the fins 100 and their edges 16a, 17a and 18a are made to protrude in the air flow path of the air A. Therefore, the fins 100 have a high heat dissipation efficiency, and hence an improved heat exchanging ability. Then, by providing the heat exchanger having the thus improved heat exchanging ability with the cut lines 15, the unnecessary heat conduction via the fins 100 is prevented.

Furthermore, similarly to the embodiment described with reference to Fig. 3, the cut lines 15 are arranged along the direction in which the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 or the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 are arranged, and the direction of extension of the cut line makes the specified angle of 50 to 1750 relative to the direction of arrangement of the cut lines. Therefore, the directions of extension of the cut lines 15 do not coincide with the direction X of arrangement thereof, which enables the avoidance of the reduction in the rigidity of the fins 100 which may cause the fins to be bent along the direction X of arrangement of the cut lines. Consequently, the workability in handling the fins 100 is improved.

In the above heat exchanger, the cut lines 15 are provided between the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 and the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 at the fins 100, thereby 21 preventing the unnecessary heat conduction from the downwind half 100b to the upwind half 100a of each fin 100.

Further, a relationship of 0.4 W4/W3 is made to hold, where W3 is the width of the middle portion formed between the upwind raised portions 16 and 17 and the downwind raised portions 18 and W3 is the width of the zone in which the cut lines 15 are provided. With this arrangement, the unnecessary heat conduction is infallibly suppressed, and as shown in the graph of Fig. 8, a good performance, or heat exchanging ability, is displayed as in the case of the aforementioned embodiment shown in Fig. 3. Furthermore, with the restraint of W4/W3 s 0.9, the degradation in the rigidity of the fins 100 is avoided. Further, with the restraint of 0.3 L4/L3 5 0.7, the cut lines 15 are each located in the center portion of the imaginary line Therefore, in this case, a good heat exchanger performance or heat exchanging ability is also exhibited as shown in the graph of Fig. 9, as in the case of the aforementioned embodiment shown in Fig. 3.

Since the fins 100 provided with the raised portions 16, 17 and 18 have a good ability to exchange heat with the passing air A, the temperature tends to drop particularly in those portions that are located between the upwind heat transfer tubes 13 at the upwind half 100a, and this sometimes leads to an insufficient display of the heat 22 exchanging ability. However, since the fin connecting portions 19 are provided on the upwind side of the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 in the present embodiment, part of the high-temperature heat of the downwind heat transfer tubes 14 through which the higher-temperature refrigerant flows is transferred to the upwind half 100a by way of the fin connecting portions 19. Therefore, an abnormal temperature reduction at the aforementioned portions of the upwind half is prevented, which allows the heat exchanging ability to be improved.

Although the concrete embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, which can be modified within the scope of the present invention. For example, instead of providing the cut line by the elongated hole as shown in Fig. 5A, it is acceptable to form the cut line 15 of a slit type as shown in Fig. 5B in which a part of the fin is raised, or a louver type as shown in Fig. in which a side portion is sunk (or raised), or a burring type as shown in Fig. 5D in which a flange is provided around the elongated hole. In either case, the cut lines are provided at the fins 10 and 100, and the cut lines prevent the unnecessary heat conduction from the downwind halves 10b and 100b to the upwind halves 10a and 100a of the fins 10 and 100. Although the above describes 23 the case where the cut lines 15 are provided in the indoor heat exchanger 3 which functions as a condenser in the heating operation, the cut lines may be provided in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 which functions as a condenser in the cooling operation.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The heat exchanger of the present invention is used for a heat pump type air conditioner or the like provided with a refrigerant circuit.

-24- The claims defining the invention are as follows: 1. A heat exchanger of a crossed-fin-and-tube type wherein a plurality of fins are placed side by side, a plurality of upwind heat transfer tubes penetrate an upwind half of each fin and are aligned in a specified direction in the upwind half, a plurality of downwind heat transfer tubes penetrates a downwind half of each fin and are aligned in the downwind half in a direction substantially identical to the direction in which said upwind heat transfer tubes are aligned, and said upwind half is thermally separated from said downwind half by a plurality of cut lines which are spaced from each other and arranged in a specified direction, wherein at least some of said cut lines extend in a direction angularly offset from the direction of arrangement of said cut lines; wherein said upwind heat transfer tubes and said downwind heat transfer tubes are arranged in a staggered form as a whole, and each cut line is located between the mutually adjacent upwind heat transfer tube and downwind heat transfer tube, and extended intersecting an imaginary line which connects centers of the mutually adjacent upwind and downwind heat transfer tubes; and further wherein said upwind heat transfer tubes and said downwind heat o transfer tubes are made to have an approximately identical diameter whose magnitude is represented by Wl, each cut line is extended in a region centered on said imaginary line *o 20 and having a width represented by W2, and an expression of 0.4 W2/W1 1.3 holds.

The heat exchanger as claimed in Claim 1, wherein assuming that an angle made between the direction in which the upwind heat transfer tubes or the downwind heat transfer tubes are aligned and a direction in which said at least one cut line is extended is O, then an expression of 5' 0 1750 holds.

25 3. The heat exchanger as claimed in Claim 2, wherein mutually adjacent cut lines are extended in such a manner that they intersect the direction of arrangement of said upwind heat transfer tubes or said downwind heat transfer tubes in opposite directions.

Dated 23 June, 1999 30 Daikin Industries, Ltd.

Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person SPRUSON FERGUSON [N:\LIBLL]02237:TCW