AU650183B2 - Process and apparatus for generating a vacuum - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for generating a vacuum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU650183B2 AU650183B2 AU29967/92A AU2996792A AU650183B2 AU 650183 B2 AU650183 B2 AU 650183B2 AU 29967/92 A AU29967/92 A AU 29967/92A AU 2996792 A AU2996792 A AU 2996792A AU 650183 B2 AU650183 B2 AU 650183B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- vapour
- wax
- gas
- zone
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 64
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 39
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 i:on Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
- F04F5/20—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids for evacuating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/36—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid characterised by using specific inducing fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F9/00—Diffusion pumps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91203248 | 1991-12-10 | ||
| EP91203248 | 1991-12-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2996792A AU2996792A (en) | 1993-06-17 |
| AU650183B2 true AU650183B2 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
Family
ID=8208064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU29967/92A Ceased AU650183B2 (en) | 1991-12-10 | 1992-12-08 | Process and apparatus for generating a vacuum |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0563465B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JP3529104B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AU (1) | AU650183B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA2084842C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE69223038T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| MY (1) | MY111962A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| ZA (1) | ZA929501B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2750248B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-08-28 | Org Europeene De Rech | Dispositif de pompage par getter non evaporable et procede de mise en oeuvre de ce getter |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1435942A (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1976-05-19 | Boc International Ltd | Vapour sources for vapour vacuum pumps |
| US4198190A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-04-15 | Dow Corning Corporation | Vapor booster fluids |
| AU8907991A (en) * | 1990-11-23 | 1992-06-25 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Device for concentrating a jet of gas |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2338583A (en) | 1941-09-17 | 1944-01-04 | Distillation Products Inc | High vacuum |
| US2358067A (en) | 1943-02-24 | 1944-09-12 | Distillation Products Inc | High vacuum process and apparatus |
| GB856849A (en) * | 1957-11-02 | 1960-12-21 | Hoechst Ag | Improvements in and relating to operating fluids for use in vacuum pumps |
-
1992
- 1992-12-03 EP EP92203755A patent/EP0563465B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-03 DE DE69223038T patent/DE69223038T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-08 CA CA002084842A patent/CA2084842C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-08 AU AU29967/92A patent/AU650183B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-12-08 ZA ZA929501A patent/ZA929501B/xx unknown
- 1992-12-08 JP JP35140992A patent/JP3529104B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-08 MY MYPI92002250A patent/MY111962A/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1435942A (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1976-05-19 | Boc International Ltd | Vapour sources for vapour vacuum pumps |
| US4198190A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-04-15 | Dow Corning Corporation | Vapor booster fluids |
| AU8907991A (en) * | 1990-11-23 | 1992-06-25 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Device for concentrating a jet of gas |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2084842A1 (en) | 1993-06-11 |
| DE69223038D1 (de) | 1997-12-11 |
| ZA929501B (en) | 1993-06-16 |
| MY111962A (en) | 2001-03-31 |
| EP0563465A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1994-01-05 |
| JPH05280499A (ja) | 1993-10-26 |
| EP0563465B1 (en) | 1997-11-05 |
| JP3529104B2 (ja) | 2004-05-24 |
| AU2996792A (en) | 1993-06-17 |
| CA2084842C (en) | 2004-02-03 |
| DE69223038T2 (de) | 1998-03-26 |
| EP0563465A2 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
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