AU643018B2 - Energy-generating plant, particularly propeller-type ship's propulsion plant, supplied by a solar generator - Google Patents

Energy-generating plant, particularly propeller-type ship's propulsion plant, supplied by a solar generator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
AU643018B2
AU643018B2 AU77354/91A AU7735491A AU643018B2 AU 643018 B2 AU643018 B2 AU 643018B2 AU 77354/91 A AU77354/91 A AU 77354/91A AU 7735491 A AU7735491 A AU 7735491A AU 643018 B2 AU643018 B2 AU 643018B2
Authority
AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
magnitude
environmental characteristic
characteristic
solar
energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
AU77354/91A
Other versions
AU7735491A (en
Inventor
Christian Schaffrin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schottel GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schottel GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schottel GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Schottel GmbH and Co KG
Publication of AU7735491A publication Critical patent/AU7735491A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AU643018B2 publication Critical patent/AU643018B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/22—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/24—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/42—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ships or vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Description

6430 18
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT
ORIGINAL
0 0 0 il I l lol S F Ref: 181765 Name and Address of Applicant: 9 9@9 See 00 .5 0 0 0* *9
C
50 Schottel-Werft Josef Becker 5401 Spay Bundesrepublik FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERtANY GmbH Co. KG Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: Invention Title: Christian Schaffrin and i t BE i iiEl l; -1 Spruson Ferguson, Patent Attorneys Level 33 St Martins Tower, 31 Market Street Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia Energy-Generating Plant, Particularly Propeller-Type Ship's Propulsion Plant, Supplied by a Solar Generator The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us:- ENERGY-GENERATING PLANT, PARTICULARLY PROPELLER-TYPE SHIP'S PROPULSION PLANT, INCLUDING A SOLAR GENERATOR This invention relates to an energy-generating plant including a solar generator, the energy-generating plant supplying energy, in particular to a ship's propulsion plant having a propeller and the plant having the characteristics according to the definition of the species of claim 1. In the preferred case, the propeller can be a ship's propeller, 10 which propels the vessel directly' or it may be a turbine wheel of a pump jet, with which the water is accelerated and caused to leave the housing in such a manner that the water jet leaving the housing brings about the propulsion of the vessel. In the latter case, not only can the propulsion of the vessel be brought about, but the direction of travel of the vessel can also be determined by changing the direction s* of the water jet leaving the housing.
0 Such propelling systems, to which the invention relates, oeo are generally known and are also in use.
0 0 0 For the generation of energy, the use of solar generators, in which photovoltaic solar cells convert light into electric energy, is also known. If a photovoltaic solar generator is used for propulsion particularly of smaller vessels, attention must be paid to the highest possible efficiency of the components used, in order to keep the area required for the solar generator and the weight of the energy storage system, the motor, and the propulsion system, as small as possible. In other words, a propulsion system should be available which overall has a high efficiency.
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a photovoltaic energy arrangement which takes maximum electric power from the solar generator guaranteeing thus an optimum energy yield. For this purpose, it is necessary to operate the solar generator at its maximum power point (MPP). This is to be ensured with the invention without having the expense of operating the system at the MPP in an economically unjustifiable manner.
Therefore, the invention is in an energy-generating plant having solar cell means for converting solar energy to electrical energy, electrical storage means for storing the electrical energy generated by the solar cell, and energy conversion means having an input operatively connected to the solar cell means and an output operatively connected to the electrical storage means f-)r storing the electrical energy generated by the solar cell means in the storage means, the improvement which comprises, control means operatively connected to the energy conversion means for varying a characteristic of the energy conversion means to optimize I' its power output; sensor means for measuring the magnitude of at least one environmental characteristic to which the solar cell means is exposed; and data storage means having first Input means operatively connected to the output of the energy conversion means, and second input means operatively connected to the sensor means, for storing in one to one correspondence, environmental characteristic magnitudes measured by the 3 sensor means with respective settings of the control means at which the 30 power output is optimized, and matching means for comparing the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic measured by the sensor means to the magnitudes of the environmental characteristic stored in the data storage means, the control means being connected to the matching means for being adjusted to the respective setting stored in the data storage means corresponding to a matched stored malnitude of the environmental characteristic.
AMG/0334K -2A- The Invention further discloses a method of adjusting a characteristic of an energy conversion means to optimize the power delivered from a solar cell generator to an electrical storage device comprising, measuring the magnitude of at least one environmental characteristic to which the solar cell generator is exposed and the power produced at the output of the energy conversion means while varying the magnitude of the characteristic of the energy conversion means until the maximum power point is reached, for each magnitude of the environmental characteristic to which the solar cell generator is exposed, storing in one to one correspondence, the magnitude of the measured environmental characteristic, a magnitude related to the characteristic of the energy conversion means, and the power at the output of the energy conversion means, and in response to a change in the environmental characteristic to which the solar cell generator is exposed, comparing the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic is measured by the sensor means to the stored magnitudes of the environmental characteristic, and upon finding a match between the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic measured by the sensor means and a stored magnitude of the environmental characteristic, adjusting the magnitude of the characteristic of the energy conversion means to the stored magnitude corresponding to the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic.
The invention Is explained in greater detail below with reference to the drawings.
It is a preferred feature of the invention to determine the maximum powe"r point as a function of two parameters, namely, "the 30 strength of the solar irradiation" and the "temperature at the solar generator", and to set the conditions for this operating point by means of a computer by adapting tie input resistance of a direct current converter for charging an energy storage device for supplying the power to the electric motor of, for example, a ship's propeller. These determining parameters are thereby taken into consideration and, for practical purposes, there is an optimum utilization of the photovoltalcs for the propulsion of a vessel.
AMG/0334K In the drawings, by means of which the invention is described in greater detail: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the components of a photovoltaic boat propulsion system and for optimum energy management thereof, and Figure 2 indicates the generator characteristics in relation to the working range of the direct current converter, in the form used as a component of the invention.
LThe propulsion system of a vessel (the vessel not being shown) includes a propeller 1, in an individual arrangement, or the propeller 1 as one, of several similar propellers, is used. The propeller 1 is fixed-on, and rotatable with, the drive shaft of an electric motor 2. Electric energy is supplied to the electric motor 2 from a d.c.-to-a.c. converter 3, which draws electric energy from a number of batteries 4, which serve to store the energy of the system. The batteries 4 are charged with electric energy by means of a direct current converter the electric energy being obtained by means of a solar generator ,'020 6 having a plurality of solar cells., Assigned to this system is a microcomputer 7 and a data field 9, to which are supplied, as input quantities, the generator 'roltage as signal 12, the generator current as signal 13, the battery voltage as signal 14, the battery charging current as signal 15, the measured values of the pilot cells 10, wliich serve to measure the solar irradiation as signals 16 and 17, and the measured value of the temperature sensor 11 at the solar generator as signal 18. From the processing of these signals in the microcomputer 7, which contains a data field 9, a control 4 signal 19 is obtained, which is supplied to the direct current converter.
The input resistance of the direct current converter 5 can be freely varied within a particular operating range. The output voltage of the converter follows the voltage of the connected storage battery up to the end of charge. The input impedance is adjusted via a control input.
This control input forms the interface with the overriding microcomputer system 7. The microcomputer is supplied with information from different measuring sites in the system.
Due to the nonlinearity of the characteristic of the solar generator 6, which is, in addition, liable to permanent changes, also with respect to its shape, it is not possible to specify a nominal value for the design of a closed control loop with the direct current converter 5 being the electric actuator.
In the propulsion system described hereafter, a control algorithm **(jo 15 has to be developed and programmed, which operates the solar generator 6 at the maximum power point, the MPP through successive optimizations. In this system, the voltage and current are measured at the output of the direct current converter 5 and supplied to the microcomputer 7. From O. these values, the power is calculated; which the direct current converter 5 delivers to the energy storage system 4. This power must be maximized in order to obtain optimum power and hence optimum energy yield of the solar generator 6.
When the system is started up, the value of the control signal is set by the microcomputer 7 to an initial value, as is the input resistance of the direct current converter 5. Since 0 0 6 RLF/1498h the position of the valid MPP is not\w, the values to which the control signal and the input resistance of the direct current converter must be changed, cannot be specified. The value of the control signal is now increased with the largest step width w and the voltage and current are measured again and the power is determined. If the power is greater, the search is in the right direction and the value of the control signal is again increased by the step width w and the voltage and current are measured again, If the power becomes less, the search direction is wrong and the value of the control signal is decreased by the step width w.
The voltage and current are measured once more and the calculated power is compared with the specified value.
see* Due to the large step width w the characteristic of the 0@ SO solar generator is quickly covered. Moreover, the procedure ensures 15 that local maxima, if any, are skipped and the area of the absolute oo4 maximum is detected.
If now the operating point has overstepped the MPP, the direction of the search is reversed and the MPP is traversed in the opposite direction. The operating point thus oscillates about the actual MPP. Because of the large step width, the operating o e point is still relatively far distant from the actual MPP. If now, as described above, the MPP is traversed once in both directions, 0055 then the step width w is halved and the optimization is continued.
505005 S This halving of the step width is continued up to the smallest o5 possible step width. In this way, the operating point is brought .55.
as close as possible to the MPP.
S At the end of a search process, that is, when the step width is a minimum the searching process is interrupted as long as the power yield remains constant.
The search process remains switched off until the power yield changes by a value to be established, that is, until the position of the MPP has changed. In order to attain an accurate setting of the new MPP as quickly as possible when there have been small changes, the searching process is continued with the smallest step width, only after a predetermined number of search steps in the same direction the step width is doubled, at most to the largest step width w. In order to accelerate the optimization process in the further operation, the MPP values found are filed in a data field. For the identification of the MPP, in the one hand, and the value of the control signal, on the other, the values of the solar irradiation and the generator temperature are required being the determining parameters for the position of the MPP.
The solar irradiation is determined with the help of at least one so-called pilot cell 10. Such a pilot cell is an accurately calibrated 15 reference cell, which is operated in circuit.' The short-ctrcuit current is a direct measure of the magnitude of the solar irradiation, which can actually be processed by a photovoltaic solar generator. With respect to the solar radiation the pilot cell is installed in the same position as the solar generator in its immediate vicinity as regards the solar 20 irradiation, so that the same irradiation conditions can be assumed. For reasons of redundancy, It is advisable to use at least two pilot cells The generator temperature is measured with two temperature sensors 11, which are incorporated within the rear of the solar generator 6 at various places.
sees
OS
5000 s RLF/1498h These values are also supplied to the microcomputer 7, so that the measured irradiation and temperature of the solar generator can be stated for each operating point.
Each MPP found, an MPP being regarded as found when it was possible to terminate the search process, is filed in the data field. In doing so, the value of the control signal for said MPP is filed in the field element, and the index values for the determination of the field element are the valuelof the solar irradiation and the generator temperature.
0.0.10 If now the search process is started, or started anew, *the microcomputer searches in the created data field for an MPP value which is valid for the instantaneous temperature and solar irradiation, i.e. the control signal value. If it can find such a valid MPP, the value of the control signal is set immediately 15 and the generator is thus operated at the MPP, the searching 5o0 process can be omitted. If there is no valid MPP value, a search for the MPP must be conducted in the manner described above.
In order to prevent a wrong value being written into the MPP data field due to the shading or partial shading of the 0 solar generator or the pilot cells, a plausibility test is carried *sooo out before each entry. On the basis of the family of characteristics of a solar generator and with the short circuit current of the pilot cells and the generator temperatures as input quantities, the anticipated output at the MPP can be calculated with an accuracy C; 25 of about 10%. This is too inaccurate for the MPP control, but entirely adequate for a plausibility test.
Before each entry of a supposed MPP into the data field, the actual generator output, calculated from the generator voltage and the generator current, is compared with the anticipated output by means of the previously mentioned calculation. If the actual output deviates by not more than about 10% from the calculated one, the value is plausible and is entered in the data field; if not, the search process is continued.
This plausibility test is also carried out before the value of a control signal i.s set by means of the tabulated values.
This prevents an incorrect operating point being set because of shading of the pilot 7ell or of the solar generator.
S* It is evident that the energy, obtained with t help of the plant described and stored in the batteries 4, ii serve not only for the propulsion of a propeller 1 serviny for the propulsion 15 of a ship, although being derived in particular from the object of the invention. The invention, can also find application in conjunction with a land-based plant. In such a case, the d.c.-to-a.c.
converter 3 is not coupled to the electric motor 2 of the propeller 1, but the power produced is fed, for example, into an electrical grid instead of to the batteries 4. For example, a consumer, who is not connected to the electrical grid, is supplied with electricity, the installation operating rationally, because it always works at the maximum power point with respect to the S" practical requirements.
*O*
o

Claims (16)

1. In an energy-generating plant having solar cell means for converting solar energy to electrical energy, electrical storage means for storing the electrical energy generated by the solar cell, and energy conversion means having an input operatively connected to the solar cell means and an output operatively connected to the electrical storage means for storing the electrical energy generated by the solar cell means in the storage means, the improvement which comprises, control means operatively connected to the energy conversion means for varying a characteristic of the energy conversion means to optimize its power output; sensor meats for measuring the magnitude of at least one environmental characteristic to which the solar cell means is exposed; and data storage means having first input means operatively connected to the output of the energy conversion means, and second input means operatively connected to the sensor means, for storing in one to one correspondence, environmental characteristic magnitudes measured by the sensor means with respective settings of the control means at which the power output is optimized, and matching means for comparing the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic measured by the sensor means to the magnitudes of the environmental characteristic stored In the data storage means, the control means being connected to the matching means for being adjusted to the respective setting stored in the data storage means corresponding to a matched stored magnitude of the environmental characteristic.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherain the environmental characteristic is a function of the solar irradiation to which the solar 3: 30 cell means is exposed.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the environmental S:0"i characteristic is a function of the temperature of the solar cell means.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the control means setting is varied In magnitude and direction, until the power output is at a maximum.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the direction of '/0334K adjustment of the control means setting is reversed in response to a decrease in power output.
6. Apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the magnituda of the increment of adjustment of the control means setting is halved upon every other change in direction of the control means setting until a predetermined minimum magnitude for the increment is reached.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the data storage means stores environmental characteristic magnituder with respective settings of the control means only In response to an indication from the matching means that there is no match between the magnitude of the measured environmental characteristic and the magnitude of any previously stored environmental characteristic.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising plausibility testing means for comparing the magnitude of the measured environmental characteristic and the correspo:ding maximum power with previously stored lesser and greater magnitudes of the environmental characteristic and their respective stored maximum powers, and for storing the magnitude of the current measured environmental characteristic and corresponding maximum power only if they are between the respective previously stored magnitudes.
9. Apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising an electric motor operatively connected to the electrical storage means for being driven thereby, and a propeller mounted on the motor to form a solar powered 25 propulsion system.
A method of adjusting a characteristic of an energy conversion means to optimize the power delivered from a solar cell generator to an electrical storage device comprising, measuring the magnitude of at least one environmental 30 characteristic to which the solar cell generator is exposed and the power produced at the output of the energy conversion means while varying the magnitude of the characteristic of the energy conversion means until the maximum power point is reached, for each magnitude of the environmental characteristic to which the solar cell generator is exposed, storing in one to one correspondence, the magnitude of the measured environmental 0 0 0 S0 0 S S S S S O S CO~r 'IEN MG/0334K -11- characteristic, a magnitude related to the characteristic of the energy conversion means, and the power at the output of the energy conversion means, and in response to a change in the environmental characteristic to which the solar cell generator is exposed, comparing the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic measured by the sensor means to the stored magnitudes of the environmental characteristic, and upon finding a match between the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic measured by the sensor means and a stored magnitude of the environmental characteristic, adjusting the magnitude of the characteristic of the energy conversion means to the stored magnitude corresponding to the current magnitude of the environmental characteristic.
11. A method according to claim 10 wherein the environmental characteristic is a function of the solar irradiation to which the solar cell qenerator is exposed.
12. A method according to claim 10 wherein the environmental characteristic is a function of the temperatore of the solar cell generator.
13. A method according to claim 10 wherein the direction of adjustment of the control means Is reversed in response to a measured 0*00 decrease in power output.
14. A method according to claim 13 wherein the magnitude of the increment of adjustment of the control means is halved upon every other change in direction of the control means until a predetermined minimum magnitude for the increment is reached.
A method according to claim 10 wherein the current environmental characteristic magnitude is stored with its respective setting of the control means only when the magnitude of the measured 230 environmental characteristic has not been previously stored.
16. A method according to claim 10 further comprising comparing the magnitude of the measured environmental characteristic and the corresponding maximumi power with previously stored higher and lower magnitudes of the environmental characteristic and their corresponding LI 35 maximum powers and storing the magnitude of the current environmental characteristic and corresponding maximum power only If they are between '0334K -12- the previously stored magr~tudes. DATED this TWENTY-SEVENTH day of AUGUST 1993 Schottel-Werft Josef Becker GmbH Co KG Patent Attorneys for the Applicant SPRUSON FERGUSON C9S S0334K Energy--Generating Plant, Particularly Propeller-Type Ship's Propulsion Plant, Supplied by a Solar Generator Abstract of the Disclosure An energy-generating plant including a solar generator having solar cells, for producing electrical energy. The electrical energy is supplied to a direct current converter the output power of which may be used to charge an energy storage system, such as batteries The input resistance of the direct current converter is adapted, such as by a microcomputer to the maximum power point (MPP) of the solar generator the MPP being dependent upon the solar insolation and the temperature of the solar cells. At start up of the plant, or when there is a change of power at the output of the direct current converter a search process is carried out to attain the MPP of the solai jenerator The energ storage system may be used to energize an electric motor 15 for driving the propeller of a ship. SO e Cp. C, S 0* a S a.. C 4 0. CaC *a 0 ta as S. Ca g (Figure 1) JED/4488D
AU77354/91A 1990-06-02 1991-05-27 Energy-generating plant, particularly propeller-type ship's propulsion plant, supplied by a solar generator Ceased AU643018B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4017860A DE4017860A1 (en) 1990-06-02 1990-06-02 ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR PROPELLER SHIP DRIVE, WITH POWER FROM A SOLAR GENERATOR
DE4017860 1990-06-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU7735491A AU7735491A (en) 1991-12-05
AU643018B2 true AU643018B2 (en) 1993-11-04

Family

ID=6407734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU77354/91A Ceased AU643018B2 (en) 1990-06-02 1991-05-27 Energy-generating plant, particularly propeller-type ship's propulsion plant, supplied by a solar generator

Country Status (16)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0460453A3 (en)
JP (1) JPH0573162A (en)
KR (1) KR920001079A (en)
CN (1) CN1060937A (en)
AU (1) AU643018B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9102241A (en)
CA (2) CA2043653A1 (en)
DE (1) DE4017860A1 (en)
FI (1) FI912636A (en)
HU (1) HU911757D0 (en)
IL (1) IL98232A0 (en)
NO (1) NO912063L (en)
PL (1) PL290468A1 (en)
PT (1) PT97805A (en)
YU (1) YU95991A (en)
ZA (1) ZA914122B (en)

Families Citing this family (74)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9300588U1 (en) * 1993-01-19 1994-05-19 Helmut Claus Gmbh & Co Kg Fabr Actuator for window domes or the like. movable window parts
CH685272A5 (en) * 1993-06-29 1995-05-15 Pms En Ag Solar panels plant.
DE4325436C2 (en) * 1993-07-29 2000-06-29 Inst Luft & Kaeltetechnik Ggmbh Circuit arrangement for MPP control of photovoltaic solar systems and circuit arrangement for carrying out the method
DE4328511C2 (en) * 1993-08-25 1995-06-22 Zsw Switch-on control method and control circuit for an inverter coupling a solar generator to the power grid
DE9407816U1 (en) * 1994-05-11 1995-09-14 Koch Peter H Bathing island
DE4433428C2 (en) * 1994-09-20 2002-08-01 Inst Luft Kaeltetech Gem Gmbh Process for the energy supply of air conditioners
NL1004484C2 (en) * 1996-11-11 1998-05-14 Consultancy On The Applic Of S PVIC module incorporating PV module with photo voltaic cells
DE19729128A1 (en) * 1997-06-19 1998-12-24 Heinrich Daniela Electron accumulator dynamic transformation - for the electrical drive of waves, machines, devices and luminous flux
NL1006838C2 (en) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-04 Univ Eindhoven Tech Panel-shaped hybrid photovoltaic / thermal device.
DE19816139A1 (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-14 Solar Wasserstoff Bayern Gmbh Solar installation with photoelectric solar generator
DE19904561C1 (en) * 1999-02-04 2000-08-24 Rossendorf Forschzent Maximum power point control method for solar generator uses current characteristic for sensor of similar type and charge for calculation of power characteristic used for providing setting parameter for solar generator
FR2796036B1 (en) * 1999-07-09 2001-09-21 Crea 2000 ELECTRIC PROPULSION BOAT
DE10136079A1 (en) * 2001-07-26 2003-02-20 Erich Horn Ship with electric motor drive has wind power system driving charging station generator with air turbine(s) immediately above deck fittings with turbine wheel in form of radial fan wheel
DE10222621A1 (en) * 2002-05-17 2003-11-27 Josef Steger Process and circuit to control and regulated a photovoltaic device assembly for solar energy has controlled bypass for each cell to ensure maximum power operation
DE10239964B4 (en) 2002-08-30 2018-06-07 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for controlling an inverter
US8102144B2 (en) 2003-05-28 2012-01-24 Beacon Power Corporation Power converter for a solar panel
US10693415B2 (en) 2007-12-05 2020-06-23 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Testing of a photovoltaic panel
US11881814B2 (en) 2005-12-05 2024-01-23 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Testing of a photovoltaic panel
US9130401B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2015-09-08 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US9088178B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2015-07-21 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US11687112B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2023-06-27 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US11728768B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2023-08-15 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Pairing of components in a direct current distributed power generation system
US11735910B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2023-08-22 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power system using direct current power sources
US11855231B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2023-12-26 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US8816535B2 (en) 2007-10-10 2014-08-26 Solaredge Technologies, Ltd. System and method for protection during inverter shutdown in distributed power installations
US8618692B2 (en) 2007-12-04 2013-12-31 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power system using direct current power sources
US8963369B2 (en) 2007-12-04 2015-02-24 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
WO2009073868A1 (en) 2007-12-05 2009-06-11 Solaredge, Ltd. Safety mechanisms, wake up and shutdown methods in distributed power installations
US8319483B2 (en) 2007-08-06 2012-11-27 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Digital average input current control in power converter
US8319471B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2012-11-27 Solaredge, Ltd. Battery power delivery module
US8473250B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2013-06-25 Solaredge, Ltd. Monitoring of distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US8947194B2 (en) 2009-05-26 2015-02-03 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Theft detection and prevention in a power generation system
US11309832B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2022-04-19 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US11569659B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2023-01-31 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US9112379B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2015-08-18 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Pairing of components in a direct current distributed power generation system
US8384243B2 (en) 2007-12-04 2013-02-26 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Distributed power harvesting systems using DC power sources
US8013472B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2011-09-06 Solaredge, Ltd. Method for distributed power harvesting using DC power sources
US11296650B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2022-04-05 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. System and method for protection during inverter shutdown in distributed power installations
US11888387B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2024-01-30 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Safety mechanisms, wake up and shutdown methods in distributed power installations
DE102006061137A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Siemens Ag Control unit for controlling at least one consumer
US7667610B2 (en) * 2007-05-04 2010-02-23 Xantrex Technology Inc. Producing an indication of solar panel condition based on age and actual power output
US8049523B2 (en) 2007-12-05 2011-11-01 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Current sensing on a MOSFET
US11264947B2 (en) 2007-12-05 2022-03-01 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Testing of a photovoltaic panel
US9291696B2 (en) 2007-12-05 2016-03-22 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Photovoltaic system power tracking method
WO2009073867A1 (en) 2007-12-05 2009-06-11 Solaredge, Ltd. Parallel connected inverters
US7960950B2 (en) 2008-03-24 2011-06-14 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Zero current switching
US9000617B2 (en) 2008-05-05 2015-04-07 Solaredge Technologies, Ltd. Direct current power combiner
FR2938234B1 (en) * 2008-11-13 2010-11-26 Stx France Cruise Sa AUTOMOTIVE SHIP AFFECTED TO NAVIGATION ON A SET DISTANCE BETWEEN A STARTING POINT AND A POINT OF ARRIVAL
DE102010007962A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2012-05-10 Machtwissen.De Ag Electric propulsion system for position adjustment of reflecting or absorbing panels of solar power plants, has drive for satisfying average energy requirement for generator operation, if additional energy is required from storage device
CN101941519B (en) * 2010-10-08 2013-05-15 庞志森 Wind-light energy and shore-electricity charged storage-battery electric ship and control method thereof
US10230310B2 (en) 2016-04-05 2019-03-12 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Safety switch for photovoltaic systems
US10673229B2 (en) 2010-11-09 2020-06-02 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Arc detection and prevention in a power generation system
US10673222B2 (en) 2010-11-09 2020-06-02 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Arc detection and prevention in a power generation system
GB2485527B (en) 2010-11-09 2012-12-19 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Arc detection and prevention in a power generation system
GB2486408A (en) 2010-12-09 2012-06-20 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Disconnection of a string carrying direct current
GB2483317B (en) 2011-01-12 2012-08-22 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Serially connected inverters
US8570005B2 (en) 2011-09-12 2013-10-29 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Direct current link circuit
GB2498365A (en) 2012-01-11 2013-07-17 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Photovoltaic module
US9853565B2 (en) 2012-01-30 2017-12-26 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Maximized power in a photovoltaic distributed power system
GB2498790A (en) 2012-01-30 2013-07-31 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Maximising power in a photovoltaic distributed power system
GB2498791A (en) 2012-01-30 2013-07-31 Solaredge Technologies Ltd Photovoltaic panel circuitry
GB2499991A (en) 2012-03-05 2013-09-11 Solaredge Technologies Ltd DC link circuit for photovoltaic array
US10115841B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2018-10-30 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Integrated photovoltaic panel circuitry
HRPK20120648B3 (en) 2012-08-08 2015-05-08 Icat D.O.O. Solar cells integrated into fiberglass boat hull
DE102012017461B4 (en) * 2012-09-04 2015-08-06 Michael Klemt Circuit arrangement for a power supply with a solar generator as an energy source and a battery for storing the energy and a method for operating such a circuit arrangement
CN103935499B (en) * 2013-01-23 2016-09-14 集美大学 A kind of solar energy is gone sightseeing ship electric power integration system
US9548619B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-01-17 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Method and apparatus for storing and depleting energy
US9941813B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2018-04-10 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. High frequency multi-level inverter
EP3506370B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2023-12-20 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Bypass mechanism
JP5915619B2 (en) * 2013-10-22 2016-05-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Photovoltaic power generation device and control method of solar power generation device
US9318974B2 (en) 2014-03-26 2016-04-19 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Multi-level inverter with flying capacitor topology
DE102015116455A1 (en) 2015-09-29 2017-03-30 Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag Energy supply of measuring instruments from energy sources with poor performance
US11177663B2 (en) 2016-04-05 2021-11-16 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Chain of power devices
US11018623B2 (en) 2016-04-05 2021-05-25 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Safety switch for photovoltaic systems

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4390940A (en) * 1980-06-26 1983-06-28 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale Process and system for producing photovoltaic power
US4494180A (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-01-15 Franklin Electric Co., Inc. Electrical power matching system
US4695785A (en) * 1985-06-20 1987-09-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for feeding an electrical load from a solar generator

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2484356A1 (en) * 1980-05-09 1981-12-18 Germain Alain Electrically propelled boat using solar panels and accumulators - has solar panels placed on upper surface of boat to recharge accumulators which drive propeller
US4888702A (en) * 1987-08-20 1989-12-19 Integrated Power Corporation Photovoltaic system controller

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4390940A (en) * 1980-06-26 1983-06-28 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale Process and system for producing photovoltaic power
US4494180A (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-01-15 Franklin Electric Co., Inc. Electrical power matching system
US4695785A (en) * 1985-06-20 1987-09-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for feeding an electrical load from a solar generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO912063L (en) 1991-12-03
JPH0573162A (en) 1993-03-26
NO912063D0 (en) 1991-05-29
KR920001079A (en) 1992-01-29
DE4017860A1 (en) 1991-12-05
CA2043653A1 (en) 1991-12-03
CA2063243A1 (en) 1991-12-03
CN1060937A (en) 1992-05-06
EP0460453A3 (en) 1992-12-16
IL98232A0 (en) 1992-06-21
FI912636A (en) 1991-12-03
YU95991A (en) 1994-11-15
HU911757D0 (en) 1991-12-30
AU7735491A (en) 1991-12-05
PL290468A1 (en) 1992-08-10
PT97805A (en) 1993-06-30
FI912636A0 (en) 1991-05-31
ZA914122B (en) 1992-03-25
BR9102241A (en) 1992-01-07
EP0460453A2 (en) 1991-12-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU643018B2 (en) Energy-generating plant, particularly propeller-type ship's propulsion plant, supplied by a solar generator
US5235266A (en) Energy-generating plant, particularly propeller-type ship's propulsion plant, including a solar generator
US6420796B1 (en) DC local grid for wind farm
US7603202B2 (en) Method for optimizing the operation of wind farms
KR100926959B1 (en) Hybrid Power Generation and Management System for Buoys Using Photovoltaic, Wind, and Wave Power
US5838148A (en) Power control method and apparatus for battery power supply and battery power supply system
EP1841036B1 (en) Method for controlling operation of an electrical power generation system
EP3794726B1 (en) Systems for detecting shading for solar trackers
CN114554837B (en) Irrigation system for dispersing an input water
KR100999934B1 (en) Floating solar power generating system using geomagnetic sensor and controlling method thereof
Rybin et al. Estimating the autonomy range of the battery-powered small unmanned surface vehicle
Diesendorf et al. Optimal value of the rated speed of a wind generator
CN114609951A (en) Automatic calibration control device for point source reference target
Milner et al. An autonomous wind energy converter using a self excited induction generator for heating purposes
Mehedi et al. Design and dynamic modeling of a solar electric boat power system
KR101185975B1 (en) Water pumping system using new renewable energy and method for controlling thereof
CN106364679B (en) Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control method and energy storage processor with wind energy energy storage device
CN111342497A (en) Method for optimizing the energy supply of an electrical energy source in an electrical installation and device for implementing said method
JP3176215B2 (en) Operating method of power generation device and solar power generation device
US11939945B1 (en) Adaptive control of wave energy converters
CN209389757U (en) A kind of power supply system
Lee et al. Development of combined generation systems that power storage apparatus is applied
GB2125486A (en) Generating electricity
PL438165A1 (en) Hybrid system for monitoring and managing crops, especially in agriculture
Aalto Solar powered electric propulsion of a sailboat