AU598567B2 - Improvements to harvesters - Google Patents

Description

aIU~ssse 598567 JoJ mnJJOO s! puu 0 UOu!liS japun opiu sluiuptlowuui aI siul uon uownop s1qJ, NAME OF APPLICANT PETER MORELLINI P.O. BOX 188, INGHAM Q 4850 ADDRESS OF APPLICANT ACTUAL INVENTOR As above ADDRESS FOR SERVICE John R.G. Gardner, P.O. Box 255, BROADBEACH QLD. 4218 13784/83 (561178) DIVISIONAL APPLICATION OF FORM Regulation 13(2) COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR THE INVENTION ENTITLED IMPROVEMENTS TO HARVESTERS The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me 1 i "IMPMOVEMENTS TO0 HARlVESTERS" THfIS IN~VENTION relates to improvemnents to harvesters in particular sugarx cane harvesters.

Conventional cane harvesters normally include a forwardly extending topper mechanism which is I adapted to cut the tops from cane prior to the cane being gathered by the harvester. Cane harvesters also include a base cutter assembly for cutting the cane a,'V its base and a chopper mechanism which cuts the harvested cane into billets and directs the cane billets onto a primary elevator for transport to a secondary elevator so that the cane billets can be deposited in a collection bin or the like. M~any machines also incorporate blowers so that trash collected by the harvesters can be blown through a discharge chute at the rear of the machine.

The above known machines suffer a number of disadvantages. Firstly in some harvesters the topper mechanism tends to direct the cut cane tops into ~20 the path oPU the harvester particularly where crosswinds are blowing. This consequently results in the harvester collecting extraneous material and loss of commercial cane sugar. To overcome this disto advantage, some topper mechanisms employ rotating vanes mounted above the topper cutting disc which pelt the cut tops of the cane outwardly to either side of the harvester. Whilst this arrangement usually ensures that the cane tops are not collected 0 by the harvester, a danger is obviously created to 3 0 people working in the area such as bin halt-out drivers3.

A further disadvantage in the known harvesters occurs when sugar cane that has fallen over as a result of wind or heavy rain, or standover cane is to be harvested. In such instances, there is an uneven feed of cane to the chopping mechanism resulting in an uneven deposit of cane -2 on the primary elevator. As a, consequence an uneven flow of' the chopped.-up material has to be handled by the blower which can cause blockages in the trash discharge system.

Furthermore, the deposit of billets into the secondary elevator in such circumstances tends to be uneven and often -the trash is not clearly stripped from the billets.

Yet a f urther disadvantago of the known harvesters occurs when the primary elevator is depositing cane billets onto -the secondary elevator for transport to a bin collection area.

Difficulties often occur at the top or return point of the primary elevator in that in adverse conditions, for example when the cane is wet or where down cane is being harvestea, trash tends to collect at that point. Similarly, if the knives of the harvester become blunt the chopped-up material. does not flow clearly past -the end of the primary elevator. As a result of the above, blockages can occur and the flights on the primary elevator, during -their return, -take some or all of the chopped-up material including billets back onto the ground resulting in waste. Furthermore, build-up of trash can occur around the top or return point which can cause a reduction in -the cross-sectional area of the passage -through which billets are to@* deposited from the primary elevator onto the &444 .secondary elevator. This disadvantage is also ~toI encountered in other harvesters such as wheat harvesters where the harvested product is carried along by an elevator for deposit at the return point of the elevator.

Yet a further disadvantage of the known harvesters occurs particularly where green sugar cane is being cut. In such instances, large quantities of waste material or trash is collected -3 and if there are strong winds blowing, most of the trash I exhausted by the harvester into the next row of cane which is to be cut. The harvester then collects double the amount of trash on its return run and in order to obtain a clean sample Sof cane billets, the harvester has to be driven slower thus reducing the capacity of the machine and reducinig harvester efficiency. Furthermore, the extra trash can cause blockages within the harvester.

The present invention aims to overcome or alleviate at least one of the above disadvantages of the prior art harvesters. In particular, the present invention provides a levelling and stripping assembly for use in conjunction with the harvester primary or secondary elevator to level out the cane billets thereon and strip trash, leaves or the like therefrom. Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following description.

With the above and other objects in view, the present invention resides broadly in a cane harvester of the type including conveyor means for conveying cane billets, wherein the improvement comprises a rake assembly, said rake assembly including frame means and means for supporting said frame means in an operative attitude above said conveyor means, said frame means including a plurality of fixed prongs extending downwardly from said frame means towards said conveyor means and terminating at a position spaced therefrom, at least some of said prongs being spaced apart transversely of said conveyor means and at least some of said prongs being spaced apart longitudinally of the direction of movement of said conveyor means, said prongs being adapted to co-operate with cane billets on said conveyor means to level said billets and strip trash or leaves therefrom.

Suitably, at least some of the prongs

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o I t oi and the havestor to pormit the rake assombly to move longitudinally of the conveyor moans in the event that the rake assembly encounters largo masses of billets, trash and loaves.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood and put into practical effect, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and wherein:- Fig. I is a partly cut-away view showing a typical known cane harvester suitable for incorporating the improvements of the present invention; Figs. 2 and 3 are respective plan and elevational views of the improved topper mechanism according to the present invention; Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are respective plan, elevational and perspective views of a levelling and otripper rake assembly for use in conjunction with the primary or secondary elevator to even cane and trash distribution thereon; Fig. 7 is a partly sectional side view of the cane billet and trash flow assistors and blockage prevention arrangement at the upper or return point of the primary elevator; Fig. 8 is a view in the direction A of Fig. 7 showing the air manifold on one side of the billet and trash passage; Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the trash outlet directing assembly according to the present invention; and Fig. 10 is an underside perspective view of the trash outlet directing assembly illustrated in Fig. 9.

Referring now to Fig. I there is illustrated a typical conventional cane harvester 10 including a forwardly extending topper mechanism 11 for cutting 5 the tops of cane stalks prior to their being fed to the harvesting machine and forward rotary dividers 12 for directing the cane into the base cutters 13 which cut the cane stalks at 5 their base. Co-operative rotary chopper drums 14 are arranged rearwardly of the base cutters 13 and are adapted to chop the cane stalks into billets and deposit the billets onto a primary elevator 15 for raising the billets to a position whereby they may be deposited onto a secondary elevator 16, the secondary elevator 16 being adapted to raise the billets to an elevated height for depositing in a collection bin or the like.

A blower fan 17 is arranged between the primary elevator 15 and the secondary elevator 16 is adapted to blow through the cane billets as they fall from the primary elevator 15 and to direct leaves and trash rearwardly of the harvester through a chute 18.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the topper 11 includes an outer housing 19 in which are mounted a pair of gathering and throwing rotors 20 and a cutting disc 21. The gathering and throwing rotors are adapted to direct the tops of the cane stalks towards the cutting disc 21 which cuts the tops from the stalks and the rotors 20 are then adapted to throw the cut tops outwardly. In accordance with the present invention a hinged deflector door 22 is pivotally connected at 23 to one or both sides of the topper housing 19 for rotation about a substantially vertical axis. Preferably pivotal movement of the hinged door 22 is controlled by a hydraulic ram 24 mounted between the housing 19 and door 22 which is hydraulically linked to a control valve located within the cabin of the harvester.

In use, and when heavy cross winds are encountered, the door 22 can be opened by the 6 operator by actuation of the hydraulic ram 24 so that cane tops which have been out and thrown outwaraly by the rotors 20 strike the door 22 which absorbs much of the energy of the tops so that they drop vertically to the ground away from the mouth of the harvester. This will ensure that the deflected tops do not enter the harvester and thus permit a larger commercial cone sugar yield to be achieved. Furthermore, where a paddock of cane is to be opened up or cane cut near a form headland, the door 22 can be moved inwardly so that the tops can be directed as close as possible to the harvester.

Thus, in the return of the harvester down the next row no tops will be gathered end 5ent througph the harvester Of course, it will be seen that the angular position of the door 22 can be adjusted so that the tops can be directed where required.

Referring now to Figs. 4 5 and 6, there is illustrated a levellinE, and stripper rake assembly 25 for use in conjunction with the primpry or secondary elevator 15 or 16 of the harvester. As stated above, in many cases there is an uneven feed of cane along the primary elevator 15 from the chopper drums 14 resulting in an uneven deposit of cane billets onto the secondary elevator In accordance with the present invention, the rake assembly 25 is adapted to be used in conjunction with either elevator to level uneven deposits of cane and strip trash, leaves, etc. therefrom. The rake assembly 25 includes a main rectangular frame assembly 26 having a pair of longitudinally extending side members 27 and a plurality of transverse parallel members 28 extending therebetween. The frame assembly 26 is adapted tobe supported in the elevator trough 29 at each corner from the harvester frame by respective soring loaded hanger assemblies 30, each of which includes an 7elongated rod 31 pivotally supported to the frame assembly 26 at one end and passing at its other end through an apertured support assembly 33 moun'bed to the harvester frame.

Preferably the support assembly 33 includes an apertured eye member 3L4 having radially extending lugs 35 thereon which support the eye member in trunnion-like fashion for rotational movement about a horizontal axis whereby pivotal movement of the rods caused by movement of the frame assembly 26 can be accommodated without lock up.

Respective springs 36 and 37 are disposed about each rod 31 and on either side of the support assembly and loading is adapted to be applied to the respective springs by clamp members 38 which are adjustable along the length of the rod. Preferably also pins, such as cotter pins, are provided to extend through the rods 31 above the support assemblies 33 so that in the event of spring w 20 failure, the rake assembly 25 will not drop onto the underlyin; elevator 15. Each transverse member 28 is provided with a plurality of downwardly extending prongs or fingers 39 which co-act with the cane billets and trash deposited on the elevator to level the same and which are operative to clean the cane by stripping trash therefrom.

Preferably some of the prongs are provided with reaiwardly extending vanes 40 which are inclined to the direction of travel of the elevator and act to spread the billets and trash across the elevator evenly.

Furthermore, there is preferably provided an inclined roller LI.1 on one side member which is adapted to co-operate with a side wall 42 of the elevator trough 29 (see Fig. Deflection of the frame assembly 26 will tend to be in the upwards and rearwards direction and the roller 41 during this motion will roll along the side wall 8 42 of the elevator trough to allow for smooth movement of the frame assembly 26 and to maintain the frame assembly 26 in spaced relationship 'therefrom.

When the spring tension in tho lower springs is increased a greater loading will be applied to the frame assembly 26 so that a greater force is maintained on the cane and trasih on the elevator.

The upper springs 37 are adaptod to dampen shock loadings caused by rise mid fall of the frame assembly 26 and of course -the -tension in these springs may be varied to vary the dampening effect on the frame assembly.

.4 Referring now to Figs. 7 and 8 there is illustrated a system 43 for reducing or eliminattig egg blockages at the end or return point of the prjhzy elevator 15, and to assist the passage of cane billets and trash past the blower fan 17. As shown, the main blower fan 17 is located beneath the upper end of the elevator 15 and is adapted to blow air across the passage L1.4 through which cane and trash fall towards the secondary elevator so that -the trash and scrap is separated from the billets. In accordance with the invention, the main outlet air duct 145 from the fan 17 is -tapped at 46 and a duct 47 extends from the tap point 46 to an outlet 48 at or adjacent the return point of the elevator 15. Preferably the duct 47 is defined by a pair of arcuate plates 49 and 50 which extend the full width of the fan outlet duct 45 and which open out into the cane and trash passage 44. As shown, the arcuate plate 50 eliminates the normal sharp corner at the edge of the passage 44 adjacent the elevator return point and provides a smooth transition for material passing from the primary elevator into the passage 44Lj. Furthermore, the edge of the plate 50 is preferably bent downwardly at 51 as illustrated to direct the air in a downwards 9direction al~ong the adjacent wall 52 of the passage 44A to assist the flow of cane and tbrash and other light materials through the passage 44.

Preferably, the air intake to'tho duct 4.7 is assisted by a guide member 53 which constitutes portion of the wall of the fan duct and which is bent down as illustrated so as to ensure efficient flow of air into the arcuate duct 47.

To further reduce the possibility of blockages and to assist conveyance of the cane billets and -trash through the passage, a further air directing assembly 54 is provided at the curved guide wall 56 on the opposite side of the billet and trash passagae 44. Three transve.,. ily extending elongated slots 57 are formed in the guide wall 56 tic and the lower edge of each slot 57 is bent upwardly as illustrated. A hollow manifold 58 is fixed on the inside of the curved guide wall 56 and attached 6 say by welding to the upwardly bent portions of ti 20 each slot 57 and fully sealed to the inner surface It ~of the curved guide wall so that any air fed into the manifold 58 passes downwardly thrvough the slots t 57 along the curved wall 56 to keep the wall 56 clear of build-up of trash or material. Furthermore, this air stream torgether with the air stream provided by the auct 4 7 will assist in forcing any light materials into the blower air stream.

4 Preferably, the manifold 58 tapers rearwardly as shown in Fig. 8 and air is supplied to the manifold 58 via a pair of flexible pipes which tap into the main fan outlet duct 45. Preferabl-y each tap point comprises a pair of funnel-shaped members 60 disposed on either side of the fan outlet duct 4 5 rearwardly of the tap point 4 6 f or the duct 47. Preferably, the respective flexible plastic pipes 59 are connected at one end to the funnels and extend along -the outside walls of the harvester and then in through the walls to be connected to the manifold 58. Prefemably, also, 10 the pipes 59 are clamped to the outside walls of the harvester to prevent wear thereto by rubbing or fouling against any moving p~arts of -the harvester.

Referring now to Figs. 9 and 10, there is illustrated a trash directing arranemnent 'S1 located at the outer end of the outlet chute 18 of the harvester. The tbrash directing arrangement 61 prefera~bly includes a first pair of fixed vanes 62 and three pivotal vanes 63, 64 and. 65 disposed within the chute 18. The vanes 62 are fixed to the *tinner wall 66 of the chute and converge inwardly as shown. The two outer pivotal vanes 63 and 65 are ITpivotally mounted to -the wall 66 of the chute adacn -heensof tefxdvns62 but so that the ixd vnesslihtl ovrla asshown and extend outwardly to -the end of the chute 18. The central vane is also pivotally mounted to the wall 66 and preferably is tapered at 67 towards its pivotal mounting to prevent build up of trash therearound.

The outer ends of the vanes 63, 64 and 65 are pivotally connected to a -transversely extending member 68 whereby tho transverse movement of the 25 moement of thel anses Porefporably theovanelr moemet 68 will cas corfrpodin pievale r strengthened along their edges by pipe members 69 welded thereto whilst the pivotal connections also comprise pipe members 70 and respective bolts 71 which extend through the pipe members to be connected to either the chute wall 66 or the transverse member 68. The transverse member 68 is adapted to be slidably engaged with a transversely ,xtending guide member 72 fixed to the outer end of the chute. Preferably, the transversely extending guide member 72 comprises an angle iron member and slidable along the surface of the guide member 72.

11 A curved comb assemnbly 74 including a plurality of arcuate fingers 75 is fixe6. to a further transverse member 76 which is also linked :Co- movement with the member 68 so that the comb assembly 74 is mnovabl~e transversely with the vanes.

Preferably, transverse movement of the vanes cnd comb assembly is controlled by a hydraulic ramn 77 and linkage assembly 78. Preferably, the hydraulic ram 77 is mounted adjacent an angle member 79 extending transversely of the chute 18 and the linkage assembly 78 includes a link which is pivotally connected intermediate its ends at 81 to a bracLet fixed to the member 79.

The link 80 is pivotally connected at one 00 15 end 82 to the Diston rod of the ram 77 and at its other end is provided with an elongated slot 83 for engagement with a pin or bolt 84 fixed to the transverse members 68 and 76. It will thus be 0* seen that extension and retraction o:V the ram 77 004 20 will cause poivotal movement of the link 80 and transverse reciprocatory motion of the -vanes 65, 64 and 65 and the comb assembly 74. Thus trash can be directed from the out],et chute 18 where required and directed downwardly by the comb assembly 74 to the ground and close to the rear of the harvester so as to reduce the possibility of trash being blown into the adjoining fields or the like. The above arrangement also enables an even spread of trash to be directed to the ground so as not to preclude growth of cane shoots therethrough and to reduce weed growth as in trash blanket f arming.

It will be realised that the above improvements singly or in combination will improve the overall performance of the harvester.

Furthermore, it will be realised that any of the above improvements may be applied to any harvester.

12 The rake assembly described with reference to Figs. LI., 5 and 6 may be applied to any harvesting machine whilst the air assisted conveyance system described with reference to Figs. 7 and 8 has many applicattions in the convoyance of materials other than cane billets and trash.

It will also be realised that many variations may be made to the above improvements; for example, the rake acsembly disclosed in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 may bo of many different forms and include any number of prongs or tynes and vanes as desired. It will also be realized that in the air conveyance system illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 any number o~f slots 57 or alternatively one single slot may be provided to extend across the guide wall 56. Furthermore, any number of vanes may be used with the trash fit deflecting system described with reference to Figs. 9 and It will thus be understood tha; whilst the above has been given by way of illustrative example, various modifications and variations may be made to the above described embodiments by persons skilled in the art without departing from the broad scope and ambit of the invention as hexein defined in the appended claims.

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Claims (14)

1. A cane harvester of the type including conveyor means for conveying cane billets, wherein the improvement comprises a rake assembly, said rake assembly including frame means and means for supporting said frame means in an operative attitude above said conveyor means, said frame means including a plurality of fixed prongs extending downwardly from said frame means towards said conveyor means and terminating at a position spaced therefrom, at least some of said prongs being spaced apart transversely of said conveyor means and at least some of said prongs being spaced apart longitudinally of the direction of movement of said conveyor means, said prongs being adapted to co-operate with cane billets on said conveyor means to level said billets and strip trash or leaves therefrom.

2. A cane harvester according to Claim I wherein said frame means includes a plurality of frame members and wherein o°°oe said prongs are secured to said frame members. 00 o

3. A cane harvester according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein said means for supporting said frame means includes 0o e B hanger means, said hanger means suspending said frame assembly o0oo 0 in said operative attitude above said conveyor means. :0

4. A cane harvester according to Claim 3 and including 00o resilient biasing means for urging said frame means towards said operative attitude.

A cane harvester according to Claim 4 wherein said 0 ooo hanger means includes at least one elongated hanger member, and 0 mounting means for mounting said hanger member to said harvester, said mounting means permitting said hanger member 0,00 to move in a direction longitudinally of its length, and wherein said resilient biasing means is associated with said hanger member and adapted to resiliently oppose longitudinal 0o movement of said hanger member in a direction away from said operative attitude of said frame means.

6. A cane harvester according to Claim 5 and including stop means on said hanger member and wherein said resilient biasing means includes a spring arranged about said hanger ?ALI4 14 r~~ t .1 member between said stop means and said mounting means, said spring being compressed upon said longitudinal movement of said hanger member.

7. A cane harvester according to Claim 5 or Claim 6 and including a plurality of said hanger members, each pivotally connected at their lower ends to said frame means.

8. A cane harvester according to any one of claims 3 to 7 wherein said hanger means are pivotally mounted to said harvester, said hanger means being pivotally moveable upon movement of said frame means longitudinally relative to the direction of movement of said conveyor means.

9. A cane harvester according to any one of the preceding claims wherein some of said prongs are provided with vanes arranged to direct billets transversely across said conveyor means.

A cane harvester according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said conveyor means is supported within a trough having a pair of side walls and wherein said frame means is located within said trough and provided with roller means for engaging at least one said side wall and spacing said frame means therefrom.

11. A cane harvester incorporating a rake assembly substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this ninth day of April 1990 PETER MORELLINI By My Patent Attorney JO N' f3. GARDNER 141 4 41r *1 fftf hanger means includes a plurality of hanger members each adapted to be pivotally mounted to said harvester and said frame means.

12. A frame assembly according to any one of the preceding claims wherein some of said prongs are provided with vanes arranged to direct billets transversely across said conveyor means.

13. A cane harvester including a rake assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, and wherein said conveyor means is supported within a trough having a pair of side walls and wherein said frame means is S"0"0, located within said trough and provided with roller means 6Q for engaging at least one said side wall and spacing said frame means therefrom. S 0 a 00 o..ve

14. A rake assembly substantially as hereinbefore S described with reference to the accompanying drawings. A cane harvester incorporating a rake assembly substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this fifth day of December 1989 00 P PETER MORELLINI oe" By My Patent Attorney John R.G. Gardner John R.G. Gardner