AU2022362215A1 - Roadway support device - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a roadway support device, related to the technical field of roadway support, and comprising a support scaffold (100), a bracket installation vehicle (200) and a bracket disassembly vehicle (300); the support scaffold (100) is detachably supported in the roadway; the bracket installation vehicle (200) comprises a first vehicle body (30) and an installation assembly arranged on the first vehicle body (30), and the installation assembly is used for supporting the support scaffold (100) in a roadway; the bracket disassembly vehicle (300) comprises a second vehicle body (31) and a disassembly assembly arranged on the second vehicle body (31), and the disassembly assembly is used for disassembling the support scaffold (100) from the roadway and transferring the support scaffold (100) onto the bracket installation vehicle (200). The roadway support device of the present invention achieves simultaneous digging and support, automatic support, and automation and unmanned operation when digging into a working face, avoiding personnel performing support work in an environment full of dust and noise, and reducing the risk of workers suffering from occupational diseases.

Description

ROADWAY SUPPORT DEVICE CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application Nos. 202122446384.8

and 202111179280.3 filed on October 11, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to the field of roadway supporting technology, and particularly

to a roadway support device.

BACKGROUND

In the related art, mechanically tunneling for a rectangular roadway generally adopts a

tunneling method in which support is provided along with the tunneling, and the working face of the

roadway requires a large number of workers working together at the same time, and these workers are all in an extremely harsh working environment. In mines, especially at the working face of the

mine tunneling, the environment is poor. Dust, heat damage, noise and hazardous gas are called "four hazards", which seriously threaten the health of workers, resulting in the occurrence of various

occupational diseases, such as pneumoconiosis, deafness, skin diseases, rheumatism, and nervous

system diseases. The number of deaths due to the occupational diseases each year has far exceeded

the number of accident deaths. In addition, in the existing tunnel construction process of the rectangular roadway, the support

work of the roadway is the most important factor restricting its automation and unmanned operation.

At present, it is difficult to automate the anchoring work which is usually done by providing anchor

rods for the support. Some manufacturers has tested some devices, but the devices have not been widely used due to the high failure rate.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present disclosure seek to solve at least one of the problems existing in the

related art to at least some extent.

Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a roadway support device, including: a support scaffold detachably arranged to support a roadway; a scaffold installing vehicle including a first vehicle body and an installing assembly arranged on the first vehicle body, the installing assembly being configured to arrange the support scaffold in the roadway to support the roadway, and the first vehicle body being a roadheader; and a scaffold dismantling vehicle including a second vehicle body and a dismantling assembly arranged on the second vehicle body, the dismantling assembly being configured to dismantle the support scaffold from the roadway and to transfer the support scaffold to the scaffold installing vehicle.

The roadway support device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can

perform the support work for the roadway along with the tunneling process, and make the support work automated, and realize the automation and unmanned operation for tunneling at the working

face, thus preventing the workers from doing the supporting work in the environment full of dust

and noise, and reducing the risk of occupational diseases of workers. In some embodiments, the support scaffold includes: a top beam, two shoulder beams, two

support pillars and two side connectors. The top beam is adapted to abut against a top of the roadway.

A first end of one of the two shoulder beams is rotatably connected to one end of the top beam, and

a first end of the other one of the two shoulder beams is rotatably connected to the other one end of the top beam. The support pillars are rotatably connected to second ends of the two shoulder beams

in a way that one of the two support pillars is connected to one of the two shoulder beams, and the other one of the two support pillars is connected to the other one of the two shoulder beams. The

support pillar is telescopic, the support pillar includes an upper leg, a lower leg and a locking

assembly, the upper leg is rotatably connected to the second end of the shoulder beam, a ratchet rack

is arranged on an inner wall surface of the upper leg, the lower leg is slidably fitted in the upper leg in a length direction of the upper leg, the locking assembly is connected to the lower leg, the locking

assembly includes a pawl, the pawl is rotatable between an open position and a closed position, the

pawl is engaged with the ratchet rack to lock the upper leg and the lower leg in the open position,

and the pawl is disengaged from the ratchet rack in the closed position. The side connectors are rotatably connected to the second ends of the shoulder beams. The side connector is located outside

the shoulder beam and the support pillar, the side connector is adapted to abut against a side wall of the roadway, the side connector includes a side portion and a connecting portion connected with

each other, the connecting portion is rotatably pivoted to the second end of the shoulder beam, and

the side portion is provided with barbs.

In some embodiments, the support scaffold further includes a flexible pad arranged on the top beam in a length direction of the top beam, the flexible pad having an arcuate longitudinal section, and having a thickness gradually decreasing from a middle to both ends thereof. In some embodiments, the locking assembly further includes: a housing, a connecting rod, an operating rod, a first stopper, a first return spring, a locking pin, a locking pin guide rod and a second return spring. The housing is connected to an upper end of the lower leg, at least a portion of the pawl is located in the housing, and the pawl is rotatably pivoted to the housing. The connecting rod is located in the housing, one end of the connecting rod is connected to a trailing end of the pawl. One end of the operating rod is located in the housing and connected to the other end of the connecting rod, the operating rod is slidable in a length direction of the housing to drive the ratchet rack to rotate between the open position and the closed position, two ratchet racks, two pawls and two connecting rods are provided in one-to-one correspondence to each other, the two ratchet racks are oppositely arranged on the inner wall surface of the upper leg, and tails of the two pawls are pressed against each other in the open position. The other end of the operating rod is located outside the housing and connected to the first stopper, the first return spring isfitted outside the operating rod, one end of the first return spring abuts against an outer wall surface of the housing, and the other end of the first return spring abuts against the first stopper. The locking pin is connected to the operating rod and penetrates the housing in a thickness direction of the housing, the locking pin is slidable in the thickness direction of the housing, a first through hole is formed at the lower end of the upper leg, the locking pin is adapted to fit in the first through hole such that the upper leg and the lower leg are relatively fixed, a second through hole is formed in the locking pin in a radial direction thereof, the operating rod passes through the second through hole, and a size of the second through hole in a length direction of the locking pin is greater than a size of the operating rod in the length direction of the locking pin. A sliding groove is formed on a side wall of the operating rod in a length direction of the operating rod, the locking pin guide rod is connected to the locking pin, and one end of the locking pin guide rod is slidably fitted in the sliding groove. The second return spring is fitted outside the locking pin, an annular protrusion is arranged on a peripheral side of the locking pin, one end of the second return spring abuts against and is connected to the annular protrusion, and the other end of the second return spring abuts against an inner wall of the housing. In some embodiments, the support scaffold further includes a foot assembly rotatably connected to a lower end of the lower leg. The foot assembly includes: a foot body; a connecting plate, a foot receiving slider, a foot connecting rod, a slider body, a push plate, a third return spring, a third return spring guide rod and a second stopper. The connecting plate is connected to the foot body, the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the lower end of the lower leg. A sliding rail is arranged on the lower leg, the foot receiving slider is slidably arranged in the sliding rail, and at least a portion of the foot receiving slider is located outside the lower leg such that the upper leg contacts the foot receiving slider. One end of the foot connecting rod is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, the other end of the foot connecting rod is rotatably connected to the foot receiving slider, the foot connecting rod and the lower leg are rotatably connected to different parts of the connecting plate, and the foot connecting rod is configured to drive the foot body to rotate. The slider body and the push plate are connected with each other, the sliding rail is arranged in the lower leg, the slider body is slidably arranged in the sliding rail, and the push plate is located outside the lower leg. One end of the third return spring guide rod penetrates through one end of the sliding rail in a length direction of the sliding rail and is connected to the slider, the other end of the third return spring guide rod is connected to the second stopper, the third return spring is fitted over the third return spring guide rod, and one end of the third return spring abuts against the second stopper and the other end of the third return spring abuts against one end of the sliding rail. In some embodiments, the installing assembly includes: two first scaffolds each arranged on one of both sides of the first vehicle body in a width direction thereof; a first slideway connected to the first scaffold and extending in a length direction of the first vehicle body; a first nut slider slidably arranged in the first slideway, at least a portion of the first nut slider being located outside the first slideway; a first leading screw rotatably arranged in the first slideway in a length direction of the first slideway, and threadedly engaged with the first nut slider; a first driving device arranged at one end of the first slideway, connected to the first leading screw, and configured to drive the first leading screw to rotate and to drive the first nut slider to slide along the first slideway; and an installing arm detachably connected to the support scaffold, and configured to arrange the support scaffold in the roadway to support the roadway. In some embodiments, the dismantling assembly includes: a second scaffold, a second slideway, a second nut slider, a second leading screw, a second driving device, and an installing arm. The second scaffold is able to rise and fall and connected to the second vehicle body. The second slideway is connected to the second scaffold and extends in a length direction of the second vehicle body. Two second slideways exist, and the two second slideways are arranged at an interval in a width direction of the second vehicle body. The second nut slider is slidably arranged in the second slideway, and at least a portion of the second nut slider is located outside the second slideway. The second leading screw is rotatably arranged in the second slideway in a length direction of the second slideway, and threadedly engaged with the second nut slider. The second driving device is arranged at one end of the second slideway, connected to the second leading screw, and configured to drive the second leading screw to rotate and to drive the second nut slider to slide along the second slideway. The installing arm is detachably connected to the support scaffold, and configured to detach the support scaffold from the roadway. The second scaffold includes: a connecting plate, one end of the connecting plate being rotatably connected to the second vehicle body, and the other end of the connecting plate being rotatably connected to the second slideway; afirst lifting oil cylinder, one end of the first lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to the second vehicle body, and the other end of the first lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to a first end of the second slideway; and a second lifting oil cylinder, one end of the second lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to the second vehicle body, and the other end of the second lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to a second end of the second slideway. In some embodiments, the installing arm includes: a boom, a forearm, a boom tilt cylinder, a forearm tilt cylinder, a boom telescopic cylinder, a forearm telescopic cylinder and an unlocking assembly. The boom is telescopic, and a first end of the boom is rotatably connected to the first vehicle body or the second vehicle body. The forearm is telescopic, a first end of the forearm is rotatably connected to a second end of the boom, at least two brackets are arranged on the forearm, and the brackets are adapted to detachably connect to the support scaffold. A first end of the boom tilt cylinder is rotatably connected to the first vehicle body or the second vehicle body, and a second end of the boom tilt cylinder is rotatably connected to the boom. A first end of the forearm tilt cylinder is rotatably connected to the boom, and a second end of the forearm tilt cylinder is rotatably connected to the forearm. The boom includes a first boom and a second boom, the first boom is slidably arranged in the second boom, the boom telescopic cylinder is arranged in the boom, a first end of the boom telescopic cylinder is connected to the first boom, and a second end of the boom telescopic cylinder is connected to the second boom. The forearm includes a first forearm and a second forearm, the first forearm is slidably arranged in the second forearm, the forearm telescopic cylinder is arranged in the forearm, a first end of the forearm telescopic cylinder is connected to the first forearm, and a second end of the forearm telescopic cylinder is connected to the second forearm. The unlocking assembly includes an unlocking cylinder and an unlocking rod, the unlocking cylinder is arranged on an outer wall of the forearm in a length direction of the forearm, one end of the unlocking cylinder is connected to the forearm, and the other end of the unlocking cylinder is connected to the unlocking rod. In some embodiments, the bracket includes: an installing seat fixedly connected to the forearm; a first support and a second support, a first end of the first support and a first end of the second support both being rotatably connected to the installing seat; a first pull rod and a second pull rod, a first end of the first pull rod being rotatably connected to a second end of the first support, and a first end of the second pull rod being rotatably connected to a second end of the second support; and an adjusting rod, one end of the adjusting rod being rotatably connected to a second end of the first pull rod and a second end of the second pull rod respectively, and the adjusting rod penetrating through the installing seat and being movable in a length direction of the installing seat. In some embodiments, the scaffold dismantling vehicle further includes a drill frame rotatably arranged on the second vehicle body. The drill frame includes: a supporting frame, a top plate and a drill box. A positioning hole is formed in the top plate, the top plate is connected to an upper end of the supporting frame and movable in a length direction of the supporting frame. The drill box is connected to a lower end of the supporting frame and configured to connect to a drill rod or an anchorrod.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall construction according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scaffold installing vehicle according to embodiments of the present disclosure where a first scaffold is not shown. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scaffold installing vehicle according to embodiments of the present disclosure where an installing arm is not shown. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of part H in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a scaffold dismantling vehicle according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an installing arm according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bracket according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating installation of a support scaffold according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a scaffold dismantling vehicle after removing a support scaffold from the roadway according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating transfer of a support scaffold according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 11 is a top view of a roadway support device during the transfer of the support scaffold shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of part I in Fig. 10. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a support scaffold according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 14 is a force analysis diagram of a support scaffold during installation according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 15 is a force analysis diagram of a support scaffold when a top beam is pressed according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a side connector according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 17 is a front view of a support pillar in a contracted state according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 18 is a top view of a support pillar in a contracted state according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 19 is a rear view of a support pillar in a contracted state according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 17. Fig. 21 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 17. Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken along line C-C in Fig. 17. Fig. 23 is an enlarged view of part D in Fig. 21. Fig. 24 is a sectional view taken along line E-E in Fig. 18. Fig. 25 is an enlarged view of part F in Fig. 24. Fig. 26 is an assembly diagram of a locking pin and a locking pin guide rod according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of a support pillar after being unfolded according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 28 is an enlarged partial view of a bottom part in Fig. 17. Fig. 29 is an enlarged partial view of a bottom part in Fig. 20. Fig. 30 is a perspective view illustrating that a connecting plate is secured to a foot body according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of a boom according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 32 is a schematic diagram of a forearm according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Reference numeral: 100: support scaffold; 200: scaffold installing vehicle; 300: scaffold dismantling vehicle; 1: top beam; 2: flexible pad; 3: shoulder beam; 4: side connector; 401: connecting portion; 402: side portion; 403: barb; 5: upper leg; 501: first through hole; 6: lower leg; 601: notch; 7: first rotating shaft; 8: second rotating shaft; 9: ratchet rack; 10: second return spring; 11: pawl; 12: housing; 13: operating rod; 1301: sliding groove; 14: connecting rod; 15: pin shaft; 16: first stopper; 17: first return spring; 18: locking pin; 1801: second through hole; 19: locking pin guide rod; 20: tension rod; 21: tension spring; 22: foot body; 2201: stud; 23: connecting plate; 24: foot receiving slider; 2401: push plate; 2402: slider body; 25: foot connecting rod; 26: third rotating shaft; 27: sliding rail; 28: third return spring; 29: third return spring guide rod; 30: first vehicle body; 31: second vehicle body; 32: first scaffold; 33: first slideway; 34: first leading screw; 35: first electric motor; 36: first speed reducer; 37: installing arm; 38: first nut slider; 39: second slideway; 40: second nut slider; 41: second leading screw; 42: connecting plate; 43: first lifting oil cylinder; 44: second lifting oil cylinder; 45: roof; 46: supporting frame; 47: drill box; 48: boom; 4801: first boom; 4802: second boom; 4803: boom telescopic cylinder; 49: forearm; 4901: first forearm; 4902: second forearm; 4903: forearm telescopic cylinder; 50: boom tilt cylinder; 51: forearm tilt cylinder; 52: bracket; 5201: installing seat; 5202: first support; 5203: second support; 5204: first pull rod; 5205: second pull rod; 5206: adjusting rod; 53: inner support hole; 54: fourth rotating shaft; 55: unlocking cylinder; 56: unlocking rod; 57: roadway side wall; 58: second stopper; 59: second driving device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below. The embodiments described herein with reference to drawings are explanatory, and used to generally understand the present disclosure. The embodiments shall not be construed to limit the present disclosure. The present disclosure has been made by the inventors based on the discovery and recognition of the following fact and problem. It is difficult to automate the anchoring work which is usually done by providing anchor rods for the support, and requires a large number of workers to work together at the same time. These workers are in extremely bad working environment, and their health is seriously threatened. Referring to Figs. 1 to 32, embodiments of the present disclosure provides a roadway support device including a support scaffold 100, a scaffold installing vehicle 200, and a scaffold dismantling vehicle 300. The support scaffold 100 is detachably arranged to support a roadway (i.e., a tunnel, the support scaffold is provided in the tunnel to prevent the tunnel from collapse); the scaffold installing vehicle 200 includes a first vehicle body 30 (which may be a roadheader, also referred as a tunneling machine) and an installing assembly arranged on the first vehicle body 30, the installing assembly being configured to arrange the support scaffold in the roadway to support the roadway; the scaffold dismantling vehicle 300 includes a second vehicle body 31 and a dismantling assembly arranged on the second vehicle body 31, the dismantling assembly being configured to dismantle the support scaffold 100 from the roadway and to transfer the support scaffold to the scaffold installing vehicle 200. The roadway support device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can perform the support work for the roadway along with the tunneling process, and make the support work automated, and realize the automation and unmanned operation for tunneling at the working face, thus preventing the workers from doing the supporting work in the environment full of dust and noise, and reducing the risk of occupational diseases of workers. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the support scaffold includes one top beam 1, two shoulder beams 3, two support pillars and two side connectors 4. The top beam 1 is adapted to abut against a top of the roadway. One of the two shoulder beams 3 is arranged at one end of the top beam 1 and the other one of the two shoulder beams 3 is arranged at the other end of the top beam 1, and a first end of the shoulder beam 3 is hinged to the end of the top beam 1 by means of a first rotating shaft 7. One end of the support pillar is hinged to a second end of the shoulder beam by means of a second rotating shaft 8, one of the two support pillars is connected to one of the two shoulder beams and the other one of the two support pillars is connected to the other one of the two shoulder beams. The support pillars are telescopic, and the overall height of the support scaffold can be adjusted by means of the telescopic support pillars. The side connector 4 is hinged to the second end of the shoulder beam 3 by means of the second rotating shaft 8, and is fitted over the shoulder beam 3 and the support pillar, and the side connector 4 is adapted to abut against a side wall of the roadway. The top beam 1, the shoulder beams 3 and the support pillars are always in the same plane, so that the axes of the first rotating shaft 7 and the second rotating shaft 8 are parallel to each other. With reference to Fig. 8, during use, the top beam 1 is in contact with the top of the roadway and kept in a compressed state by means of the installing assembly, the side connector 4 is in contact with a roadway side wall 57 and kept in a compressed state, the support pillar is extended and connected to the bottom of the roadway, and the whole support scaffold is in an approximately omega-shaped supporting state. When the support scaffold is in a supporting state, the shoulder beams and the top beam present a trapezoidal shape. In this way, when a pressure acts on the top beam, the pressure from the top will act on the side connector through the shoulder beam to generate a normal component pressure, and the normal component pressure will cause a force of friction between the side connector and the side wall to generate an upward friction force. The friction force is positively correlated with the top pressure, so as to achieve a self-reinforcing effect, thus reducing the pressure on the support pillar below, and reducing the requirements for the supporting force of the support pillar. In this way, the structure of the support pillar can be made lighter and smaller, and the volume can be reduced.

A force analysis is performed on the support scaffold 100 according to the supporting state and the using process of the support scaffold 100. Fig. 14 shows the stress analysis during installation.

An included angle between the support pillar and the roadway side wall 57 is set as a, and an

included angle between the shoulder beam 3 and the roadway side wall 57 is set as P.

In order to simplify the calculation, influence of a position distribution of the friction force of the roadway side wall 57 is neglected, and a force bearing point for the friction force between the

roadway side wall 57 and the side connector is translated to a hinge central point, and force composition and decomposition are performed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

Vertical component of a support force:

FII=F1-cosa, where Fi is the support force of the support pillar; Horizontal component of the support force: F 12=F 1 -sina

Normal pressure, on a roadway side wall, of a counterforce of the shoulder beam:

Fii2=Fii-tgp=F1-cosa-tgp Downward friction force of the roadway side wall on the side connector during an initial support:

F i=(FI 2+F 1i2)-pi=Fi(sina+cosa-tgP)[ti Initial support force of the support scaffold during the initial support:

Finitiai=Fii-F i=Fi-cosa-Fi(sina+cosa-tg)1i =Fi(cosa-u -sina-h-cosa-tg3) When the pressure acts on the top beam, the force analysis of the support scaffold is as shown in Fig. 15. In this case, two sides of the support scaffold are symmetrical, and half of the top beam pressure is set as F 2. F 2 , the support force F1 1 of the support scaffold, and the friction force will achieve a new balance, and at this time, the friction force of the roadway side wall on the side connector is upward, set as F, 2

. F11=F2-Fp2 At this time, F 2 is decomposed into a force F 2 0 of the shoulder beam on the roadway side wall. Since force decomposition angles of upper and lower joints of the shoulder beam are the same, the

acting force and the counterforce are the same, thus the normal pressure F 2 1 on the roadway side

wall is: F21=F2-tgp.

At this time, the force components of the support force Fi of the support scaffold in all directions are the same as those in the initial support, but due to the pressure on the top beam, the side connector tends to move downward, and the friction force of the roadway side wall on the side

connector is upward. In order to better utilize the friction force of the roadway side wall to the side

connector, a barb structure may be arranged on a surface of the side connector which is in contact

with the side wall, so that an upward friction coefficient is different from a downward friction coefficient. As shown in Fig. 15, the downward friction coefficient is set to be 2, and the friction

force of the roadway side wall to the side connector is: Fp2=(F 12 +F 21)-p 2 =(FI-sina+F 2 -tg3)- 2

In addition,

F1i=F2 -F, 2=F 2-(Fi-sina+F2-tg3)- 2 since Fii=F1-cosa, that is, F1-cosa=F2-(Fi-sina+F2-tg)- [t2

thus acquiring:

Fi=F2(1-p2-tgp) /(cosa+[t2-sina).

It can be seen from the formula that the friction force between the side connector and the roadway side wall increases as the pressure F 2 from a roof 45 increases, resulting in the self

reinforcing effect. Values of P and a may be set appropriately, so that F 1 is much smaller than F 2 , it indicates that the support scaffold only needs to provide a small supporting force, to acquire a great

working resistance. For example, when §=40 °, a =3 0, and 2=1 (empirical value), F1 ~O.15F 2 .

In some embodiments, the support scaffold further includes a flexible pad 2 arranged on the top beam along the length direction of the top beam. A longitudinal section of the flexible pad 2 is arc-shape, and a thickness of the flexible pad 2 gradually decreases from the middle to both ends.

On top of the support scaffold, the flexible pad is adopted, so that when the top beam of the support

scaffold is in the supporting state, the load on the top has an arc-shaped distribution where a load at

both ends is small and a load in the middle is relatively large, thus achieving an optimal support

effect for the roadway, and greatly reducing the requirement on the initial support force of the

support scaffold. In a specific embodiment, the side connector 4 includes a side portion 402 and a connecting

portion 401 connected with each other. The connecting portion 401 is hinged to the second end of

the shoulder beam 3 through the second rotating shaft 8, the connecting portion 401 is provided with a circular hole for the second rotating shaft 8 to pass through, and the side portion 402 is provided

with barbs 403. When the support scaffold 100 is working, the barbs 403 on the side portion 402 are

in contact with the roadway side wall 57, so that the friction coefficient of the side connector 4 sliding downwards is much greater than the friction coefficient of the side connector 4 sliding

upwards, thus further enhancing the self-reinforcing effect in the case where the top beam 1 is

pressed.

The support pillar in the embodiments of the present disclosure includes an upper leg 5, a lower leg 6, and a locking assembly. The upper leg has a hollow structure, i.e., the upper leg is provided

with a cavity inside for accommodating the lower leg, and an inner wall surface of the upper leg is provided with a ratchet rack 9. In a specific embodiment, the ratchet rack 9 can be integrally formed

with the upper leg. In addition, the ratchet rack 9 can be detachably connected to the upper leg, for

example, the ratchet rack 9 can be fixed to the inner wall of the upper leg by fastenings such as bolts.

The lower leg is slidably fitted in the upper leg along the length direction of the upper leg, and the lower leg can be inserted into the cavity of the upper leg during assembly.

The locking assembly is connected to the lower leg and includes a pawl 11 rotatable between

an open position and a closed position. In an open position, the pawl 11 is engaged with the ratchet

rack 9 to lock the upper leg and the lower leg, so that the upper leg and the lower leg cannot slide relative to each other. In the closed position, the pawl 11 is disengaged from the ratchet rack 9,

allowing relative sliding movement between the upper leg and the lower leg to realize the telescopic adjustment of the support pillar.

The support pillar in the embodiments of the present disclosure realizes the controllable

expansion and contraction due to the upper leg and the lower leg through the cooperation of the pawl

11 and the ratchet rack 9 and can achieve a stable supporting effect. The support pillar provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can replace a support pillar of a conventional oil cylinder, and does not need a hydraulic oil cylinder for support, thus eliminating environmental pollution caused by oil leakage. Moreover, the installation and disassembly process of the support pillar is more simplified, does not require workers to do pipe connections compared with a process for a support pillar of a pressure cylinder, and does not require an auxiliary pump station, thus being easy to be automated, and having advantages of light weight and easy carry. In addition, in the case where the support pillar has been served in the supporting state for a long period of time, there is no risk of support aging and failure caused by leakage of the support pillar e.g., of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby improving the support safety. The locking assembly also includes a housing 12, an operating rod 13 and a connecting rod 14.

The housing 12 is also arranged in the cavity of the upper leg, one end of the housing 12 is connected

to an upper end of the lower leg, and the housing 12 moves synchronously with the lower leg as the lower leg slides within the upper leg. One end of the operating rod 13 is located in the housing 12

and is connected to a trailing end of the connecting rod 14, and the operating rod 13 is slidable along

the length direction of the housing 12 (this direction is consistent with the length direction of the

lower leg) to rotate the pawl 11 between the open position and the closed position. In a specific embodiment, a top center of the housing 12 is provided with a through hole for the

operating rod 13 to pass through, and the operating rod 13 is inserted into the through hole of the housing 12 and can slide in the through hole along the length direction of the lower leg. A cross

sectional shape of the operating rod 13 is designed to be non-circular (e.g. rectangular), and the

shape of the through hole of the housing 12 through which the operating rod 13 passes matches the

cross-sectional shape of the operating rod 13, thereby preventing the operating rod 13 from rotating about its own axis. The connecting rod 14 is located in the housing 12, one end of the connecting

rod 14 is hinged to a rod body of the operating rod 13, and the other end of the connecting rod 14 is

hinged to a trailing end of the pawl 11. The pawl 11 is located at least partially in the housing 12 and

an end of the pawl 11 away from the connecting rod 14 is adapted to engage with the ratchet rack 9. The pawl 11 is rotatably and pivotally connected to the housing 12. In a specific embodiment, at

each side of the pawl 11, a pin hole penetrating the pawl 11 can be arranged, and a pin shaft 15 is inserted into the pin hole of the pawl 11. Both ends of the pin shaft 15 are fixed to the housing 12,

and the pawl 11 can rotate around the pin shaft 15 under a pulling action of the connecting rod 14,

thereby achieving the engagement and disengagement between the end of the pawl 11 (which is

away from the connecting rod 14) and the ratchet rack 9. Referring to Fig. 25, there are two ratchet racks 9, two pawls 11 and two connecting rods 14 in one-to-one correspondence, and the two ratchet racks 9 are arranged opposite to each other on the inner wall surface of the upper leg. In the open position, tails of the two pawls 11 are pressed against each other, and the two ratchet racks 9, the two pawls 11 and the two connecting rods 14 are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the operating rod 13. The two pawls 11 are connected to the operating rod 13 through two connecting rods 14, so as to achieve the synchronous opening and closing of the two pawls 11. The operation of the operating rod 13 can ensure that the two pawls

11 are in a locked or open state at the same time. The two pawls 11 and the two ratchet racks 9 are

stressed at the same time when the support pillar works, and the integral structure thereof can play a balancing role in the stress of the two pawls 11 and the two ratchet racks 9, thereby reducing the

strength requirements for the pawls 11 and the ratchet racks 9 and improving the stability and safety

of the support pillar. In some embodiments, the locking assembly further includes a first stopper 16 and a first return

spring 17, and one end of the operating rod 13 extends outside of the housing 12 and is fixedly

connected to the first stopper 16. The first return spring 17 is a compression spring, the first return

spring 17 is fitted over the operating rod 13 as a sheath between the first stopper 16 and the housing 12, one end of the first return spring 17 abuts against the outer wall surface of the housing 12, and

the other end abuts against the first stopper 16. The engagement and disengagement of the pawl 11 with the ratchet rack 9 can be achieved by

controlling the operating rod 13 to move up and down by means of the first stopper 16, and the

specific principle may be as follows. The operating rod 13 is moved downwards by pressing the first

stopper 16, the first return spring 17 is compressed, the connecting rod 14 connected to the bottom of the operating rod 13 pushes the pawl 11 to rotate, and the end of the pawl 11, which is close to

the ratchet rack 9, rotates in a direction of approaching to the operating rod 13. Meanwhile, the

housing 12 and the lower leg have a tendency to move downwards, and thus the pawl 11 can be

easily separated from the ratchet rack 9, and the pawl 11 is moved to a position corresponding to the closed state. At this time, the upper leg and the lower leg can slide relative to each other to achieve

the extension or shortening of the support pillar. After the support pillar is elongated or shortened to a required length, the pressing force applied to the first stopper 16 is removed, and the operating rod

13 slides upwards under an elastic force of the first return spring 17, the connecting rod 14 connected

to the bottom of the operating rod 13 drives the pawl 11 to rotate, and the end of the pawl 11 away

from the connecting rod 14 will fit between the teeth of the ratchet rack 9. At this time, one end of one of the two pawls 11 is in contact with one end of the other one of the two pawls 11, and the upper leg and the lower leg are locked with each other, and the supporting pillar is not telescopic. In some embodiments, the locking assembly further includes a locking pin 18 connected to the operating rod 13 and penetrating the housing 12 in a thickness direction of the housing 12 (a left right direction indicated by an arrow G in Fig. 22), and the locking pin 18 is slidable in the thickness direction of the housing 12. An upper end of the upper leg is provided with a first through hole 501, and the locking pin 18 can be inserted into the first through hole 501 so that the upper leg and the lower leg are relatively fixed. The locking pin 18 is provided with a second through hole 1801 in a radial direction thereof, the operating rod 13 extends through the second through hole 1801. In order to ensure that the locking pin 18 can slide in the thickness direction of the housing 12, a size of the second through hole 1801 in the length direction of the locking pin 18 is greater than a size of the operating rod 13 in a length direction of the locking pin 18 (the same as the left-right direction shown by the arrow G in Fig. 22).

The locking assembly further includes a locking pin guide rod 19, and a sliding groove 1301 is

arranged on the side wall of the operating rod 13 along the length direction of the operating rod 13.

The locking pin guide rod 19 is fixedly connected to the locking pin 18, and during assembly, two opposite sides of the locking pin 18 may each be provided with a guide rod mounting hole

penetrating the second through hole 1801, and the two locking pin guide rods 19 are mounted in the corresponding guide rod mounting holes in an interference fit manner. One end of the locking pin

guide rod 19 is slidably fitted in the sliding groove 1301, and as shown in Fig. 23, the sliding groove

1301 is provided with a slope inclined to the cross section of the operating rod 13. When one end of

the locking pin 18 is inserted into the first through hole 501 on the upper leg, the first stopper 16 is pressed to slide the operating rod 13 downwards. In this process, the slope in the sliding groove 1301

is in contact with the locking pin guide rod 19, the locking pin 18 will move in a direction away

from the first through hole 501 under the interaction of the locking pin guide rod 19 and the slope

of the sliding groove 1301, and the locking pin 18 gradually separate itself from the first through hole 501, so as to achieve the unlocking sliding of the locking pin 18. The locking assembly further

includes a second return spring 10, in which the second return spring 10 is fitted over the locking pin 18 as a sheath, an annular protrusion is arranged on a peripheral side of the locking pin 18, one

end of the second return spring 10 is connected to and abuts against the annular protrusion, and the

other end thereof abuts against the inner wall of the housing 12. When the support pillar is contracted

to the shortest state, the locking pin 18 will automatically enter the first through hole 501 under the elastic force of the second return spring 10, so that the upper and lower legs are in the locked state, and the operation of the support pillar is more effective by the provision of the second return spring

10. The two pawls in the locking assembly are installed in a back-to-back arrangement. When the

pawls and the ratchet rack in the locking assembly are in the locked state, the tails of the pawls are

pressed against each other, and at this time, a torque generated by an acting force of the ratchet rack on heads of the pawls is counteracted by acting force and counter-acting force of the tails of the

pawls to form an internal force, thus avoiding a normal pressure generated by the pawls on the

ratchet rack, reducing the requirement for the structural strength of the upper leg, and lightening and simplifying the whole anti-loosening pre-tightening support pillar.

The support pillar according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is further provided with a tension assembly composed of a tension rod 20 having one end connected to the housing 12 and the other end connected to the upper end of the lower leg, and a tension spring 21 being fitted

over the tension rod 20 as a sheath and having one end abutting against the housing 12 and the other

end abutting against the lower leg. The tension assembly acts as a pre-tightening and anti-loosening

element during operation of the support pillar and provides a buffer distance to the travel position of the support pillar, so as to adapt the discrete locking characteristics of the pawl 11 and the ratchet

rack 9. In some embodiments, the support scaffold further includes a foot assembly rotatably

connected to a lower end of the lower leg, the foot being rotatable to the position shown in Fig. 19

when the support pillar changes from a contracted state to an extended state. A contact surface is

increased through the foot assembly arranged, which prevents the contact surface from being crushed, and at the same time achieves a better supporting effect.

Referring to Figs. 28 and 29, the foot assembly includes a foot body 22, a connecting plate 23,

a foot receiving slider 24, and a foot connecting rod 25. The connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected

to the foot body 22, and the connecting plate 23 is hinged to the lower end of the lower leg through a third rotating shaft 26. A surface of the foot body 22 facing away from the connecting plate 23 can

be designed as a curved surface or as a spherical surface, and studs 2201 are arranged on this surface to improve the contact performance and achieve the anti-slip effect. A sliding rail 27 is arranged on

the lower leg, the foot receiving slider 24 is slidably provided in the sliding rail 27, and at least a

part of the foot receiving slider 24 is located outside the lower leg so that the upper leg may reach

the foot receiving slider 24. One end of the foot connecting rod 25 is hinged to the connecting plate 23 through a fourth rotating shaft 54, and the other end is hinged to the foot receiving slider 24.

Since the foot connecting rod 25 and the lower leg are respectively hinged to different parts of the connecting plate 23, the foot connecting rod 25 can drive the foot body 22 to rotate when the foot

receiving slider 24 slides in the sliding rail 27.

Furthermore, the foot receiving slider 24 is composed of a slider body 2402 and a push plate

2401 connected with each other, the slide rail 27 is arranged in the lower leg, the slider body 2402 is slidably installed in the slide rail 27, the push plate 2401 is located outside the lower leg, a notch

601 in communication with the slide rail 27 is arranged on a side of the bottom of the lower leg, and

the push plate 2401 passes through the notch 601 and is fixed with the slider body 2402 in the slide rail 27. When the upper leg and the lower leg slide relative to each other, the upper leg can push the

push plate 2401 to move, thereby driving the slider body 2402 to slide in the slide rail 27.

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the foot assembly further includes a third return spring 28, a third return spring guide rod 29, and a second stopper 58. The third return spring guide

rod 29 has one end extending through one end of the slide rail 27 along the length direction of the

slide rail 27 and connected to the foot receiving slider 24, and the other end of the third return spring

guide rod 29 is connected to the second stopper 58. The third return spring 28 can be installed in two ways, in which one way of installation is that the third return spring 28 is sleeved on the third

return spring guide rod 29, and one end of the third return spring 28 abuts against the second stopper 58, and the other end of the third return spring 28 abuts against one end of the slide rail 27. Another

way of installation of the third return spring 28 is that the third return spring 28 is installed on one

side of the third return spring guide rod 29, and as shown in Fig. 28, two opposite sides of the third

return spring guide rod 29 are provided with one third return spring 28, an upper end of each third return spring 28 is in contact with the second stopper 58, and a lower end of each third return spring

28 is in contact with the upper end of the slide rail 27.

When the support pillar is contracted to the shortest state, the bottom of the upper leg reaches

the push plate 2401 and pushes the push plate 2401 to slide downwards for a distance, and a sliding block connected to the push plate 2401 also slides downwards for a distance. Under the action of

the second stopper, the third return spring 28 is compressed, and motion successively happens to the foot receiving slider 24, the foot connecting rod 25 and the connecting plate 23 so as to rotate the

connecting plate 23 about the third rotating shaft 26. Finally, the foot body 22 is folded to a state as

shown in Fig. 29, which is not only convenient to use, but also able to save space. Further, when the

support pillar is extended, the lower end of the lower leg is separated from the push plate 2401, the second stopper is pushed upwards by the elastic force of the third return spring 28, and slides upwards through the sliding block connected to the second stopper by means of the third return spring guide rod 29, and then the connecting plate 23 is pulled by the foot connecting rod 25 to rotate around the third rotating shaft 26, so that the foot body 22 rotates to an extended state (as shown in Fig. 27). When the support scaffold is in use, the foot body 22 is in the extended state, thereby ensuring that there is a larger contact area between the lower leg and the roadway, preventing the contact surface from being crushed, and providing a better supporting effect. The structure design of the support scaffold provided in the present application is light and easy to be assembled and disassembled, which can effectively improve the efficiency for supporting the rectangular roadway and can achieve the automatic assembly and disassembly, thereby ensuring the health of the workers, reducing the risk of the workers suffering from occupational diseases and reducing the number of deaths due to the occupational diseases. Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, the installing assembly includes a first scaffold 32, afirst slideway 33, a first nut slider 38, a first leading screw 34, a first driving device, and an installing arm 37. There are two first scaffolds each respectively arranged on one side of the first vehicle body in a width direction thereof, the bottom of the first scaffold 32 is fixedly connected to the first vehicle body, and the first scaffold 32 mainly serves as an installation carrier for the first slideway 33. The first slideway 33 is mounted on top of each first scaffold 32, and the first slideway 33 extends along the length direction of the first vehicle body, i.e., the length direction of the first slideway 33 is consistent with the travelling direction of the first vehicle body. The first nut slider 38 is slidably arranged in the first slideway 33, and a part of the first nut slider 38 is located outside the first slideway 33, and the part of the first nut slider 38 located outside the first slideway 33 is used for pushing the support scaffold to move. The first leading screw 34 is rotatably arranged in the first slideway 33 along the length direction of the first slideway 33. In a specific embodiment, in order to achieve a rotatable connection between the first leading screw 34 and the first slideway 33, two ends of the first leading screw 34 can be fixed to the first slideway 33 by means of bearing seats, and the first leading screw 34 is in a threaded engagement with the first nut slider 38. The first driving device is arranged at one end of the first slideway 33 and is in a transmission connection with the first leading screw 34, and the first driving device is used for driving the first leading screw 34 to rotate and driving the first nut slider 38 to slide along thefirst slideway 33. The installing arm 37 in the installing assembly may be detachably connected to the support scaffold and is used to make the support scaffold arranged in the roadway to support the roadway. The first driving device is composed of a first electric motor 35 and a first speed reducer 36, and the first electric motor 35 is in a transmission connection with one end of the first leading screw 34 by means of the first speed reducer 36. During use, the first driving device drives the first leading screw 34 to rotate, the rotating first leading screw 34 drives the first nut slider 38 to move forward and backward, and the first nut sliders 38 on the two first slideways 33 move synchronously, so that the support scaffold placed above the first slideways 33 can move forward and backward. In order to prevent coal cinders from falling into the first slideway 33, the opening of the first slideway 33 may face downwards or towards either left or right, while the first nut slider 38 still needs to have a portion extending above the first nut slider 33. Referring to Fig. 5, the dismantling assembly includes a second scaffold, a second slideway 39, a second nut slider 40, a second leading screw 41, a second driving device 59 and an installing arm 37. The second scaffold is connected to the second vehicle body, and a height of the second scaffold can be adjusted up and down. The second slideway 39 is fixed to the top of the second scaffold, and the second slideway 39 extends along a length direction of the second vehicle body, i.e. the length direction of the second slideway 39 coincides with a travelling direction of the second vehicle body as shown in Fig. 5. There are two second slideways 39 arranged parallel to each other, and the two second slideways 39 are arranged at an interval in a width direction of the second vehicle body. The second nut slider 40 is installed in the second slideway 39 and can slide along the second slideway 39, and a portion of the second nut slider 40 is located outside the second slideway 39. The second leading screw 41 is rotatably installed in the second slideway 39 along the length direction of the second slideway 39, and the second screw 41 is in a threaded engagement with the second nut slider 40. The second driving device is arranged on one end of the second slideway 39 and is in a transmission connection with the second leading screw 41, and the second leading screw 41 is driven to rotate by the second driving device and drives the second nut slider 40 to slide along the second slideway 39. In order to prevent coal cinders from falling into the interior of the second slideway 39, the opening of the second slideway 39 may faces downwards or towards either left or right, while the second nut slider 40 still needs to have a portion extending above the second slideway 39. The installing arm 37 in the dismantling assembly may also be detachably connected to the support scaffold and is configured to detach the support scaffold from the roadway. The second driving device 59 includes a second electric motor and a second speed reducer, and may have a structure same as that of the first driving device, and the second electric motor is in a transmission connection with one end of the second leading screw 41 by means of the second speed reducer. Referring to Fig. 6, the installing arm 37 in both the installing assembly and dismantling assembly is included of a boom 48, a forearm 49, a boom tilt cylinder 50 and a forearm tilt cylinder 51. The boom 48 is telescopic, and a first end of the boom 48 is hinged to the first vehicle body or the second vehicle body. The forearm 49 is telescopic, a first end of the forearm 49 is hinged to a second end of the boom 48. Two brackets 52 are arranged on the forearm 49, and the brackets 52 are adapted to be detachably connected to the support scaffold. A first end of the boom tilt cylinder 50 is hinged to the first vehicle body or the second vehicle body, and a second end of the tilt cylinder of the boom 48 is hinged to the boom 48. A first end of the tilt cylinder of the forearm 49 is hinged to the boom 48, and a second end of the tilt cylinder of the forearm 49 is hinged to the forearm 49. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the installing arm 37 further includes a telescopic cylinder of the boom 48 and a telescopic cylinder of the forearm 49. The boom 48 includes a first boom 4801 and a second boom 4802. The first boom 4801 can be slidably sheathed in the second boom 4802. The telescopic cylinder of the boom 48 is arranged in the boom 48, and has a first end connected to the first boom 4801 and a second end connected to the second boom 4802. In this way, the boom 48 can be controlled to be extended and contracted through expansion and contraction of the boom telescopic cylinder 4803. The forearm 49 includes a first forearm 4901 and a second forearm 4902, in which the first forearm 4901 can be slidably sheathed in the second forearm 4902, the telescopic cylinder of the forearm 49 is arranged in the forearm 49, and has a first end connected to the first forearm 4901 and a second end connected to the second forearm 4902, and the forearm 49 can be controlled to be extended and contracted through expansion and contraction of the forearm telescopic cylinder 4903.

Referring to Fig. 7, the bracket 52 is composed of an installing seat 5201, a first support 5202, a second support 5203, a first pull rod 5204, a second pull rod 5205, and an adjusting rod 5206. The

installing seat is fixedly connected to the forearm. A first end of the first support 5202 and a first end

of the second support 5203 are both hinged to the installing seat 5201. A first end of the first pull

rod 5204 is hinged to a second end of the first support 5202, and a first end of the second pull rod is hinged to a second end of the second support 5203. One end of the adjusting rod 5206 is hinged to

a second end of the first pull rod 5204 and a second end of the second pull rod, respectively, and the adjusting rod 5206 penetrates the installing seat 5201 and is movable along a length direction of the

installing seat 5201. Inner side surfaces of the upper leg and the lower leg of the support scaffold

are provided with inner support holes 53, the first support 5202 and the second support 5203 of the

bracket 52 can be inserted into the inner support holes 53 of the support scaffold, the adjusting rod 5206 extends out to drive the first support 5202 and the second support 5203 to be opened outwards, one bracket 52 on the forearm 49 is used for supporting and grabbing the upper leg, and the other bracket 52 on the forearm 49 is used for grabbing and carrying the lower leg.

In some embodiments, the installing arm 37 further includes an unlocking assembly including

an unlocking cylinder 55 and an unlocking rod 56. The unlocking cylinder is arranged on an outer

wall of the forearm 49 along a length direction of the forearm 49, and has one end connected to the forearm 49 and the other end connected to the unlocking rod 56.

A process of installing the support scaffold by the installing assembly is as follows. Firstly, by

a coordinated operation of the boom tilt cylinder 50 and the forearm tilt cylinder 51, each bracket 52 in the installing assembly extends into the inner support hole 53 of the upper leg or the lower leg

(at this time, the upper leg and the lower leg are in the contracted state), so as to grab of the support

scaffold. Further, the installing arm 37 transfers the support scaffold to a position for pending installation, the unlocking rod 56 is inserted into the first stopper 16 of the support scaffold, and the

unlocking rod 56 presses the first stopper 16 by the expansion and the contraction of the unlocking

cylinder 55, so that the pawl 11 of the locking assembly is in the open position. Further, the forearm

telescopic cylinder 4903 is extended so that the upper leg and the lower leg are gradually elongated. Then, the top beam is in contact with the top of the roadway, and the side connectors on both sides

of the support scaffold are in contact with the sides of the roadway. After the upper leg and the lower leg are unfolded, the foot body 22 rotates to the state as shown in Fig. 27, and a bottom surface of

the foot body 22 is in contact with the ground of the roadway. Finally, the unlocking cylinder 55 is

extended, the pressing force on the first stopper 16 is removed, the pawl 11 is engaged with the

ratchet rack 9 under the action of the first return spring 17, the upper leg and the lower leg are locked with each other, and the bracket 52 is removed from the inner support hole 53, so that the entire

installation process of the support scaffold is completed. The process of detaching the support

scaffold is the reverse of the installation process, and thus will not be elaborated here.

Referring to Fig. 5, the second scaffold includes a connecting plate 42, two first lifting oil cylinders 43 and two second lifting oil cylinders 44. One end of the connecting plate 42 is hinged to

the second vehicle body, and the other end of the connecting plate 42 is hinged to the second slideway 39. Each first lifting oil cylinder 43 has one end hinged to the second vehicle body, and the

other end hinged to a first end of the second slideway 39. Each second lifting cylinder 44 has one

end hinged to the second vehicle body, and the other end hinged to a second end of the second

slideway 39. Under the adjustment of the first lifting oil cylinder 43 and the second lifting oil cylinder 44, the lifting of the second scaffold can be realized.

In some embodiments, the scaffold dismantling vehicle further includes a drill frame rotatably arranged on the second vehicle body. The drill frame is used to provide a guiding function for a drill rod or an anchor rod. Generally, anchor rod support is performed by drilling a hole, and arranging the anchor rod for support in the hole. Rotatable arrangement may be used to realize the anchor rod support operation at different angles. In a specific embodiment, the drill frame is composed of a supporting frame 46, a top plate 45 and a drill box 47. There are two support frames each fixed on one of two sides of the second vehicle body. The top plate 45 is provided with a positioning hole, the top plate 45 is connected to an upper end of the supporting frame 46, and the top plate 45 can move along a length direction of the supporting frame 46. During the process of supporting, the top plate 45 is up against the wall surface of the roadway. The drill box 47 is connected to a lower end of the supporting frame 46, and the drill box 47 is used for connecting the drill rod or the anchor rod. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the installing arm 37 of the dismantling assembly can be fixed to one side of the drill frame. Functions and operations of the above-mentioned devices are as follows. (1) As the first vehicle body moves forward, the support scaffolds carried by the scaffold installing vehicle are quickly installed in the roadway one by one at intervals, and are used for supporting. In this way, the support working can be done along with the tunneling, and the automatic support at the working face can be realized by simple automatic control, so as to realize the unmanned operation. (2) After the support scaffolds carried by the scaffold installing vehicle are used up, the first vehicle body is stopped, and the working surface is ventilated and dust-reduced. The drill frame on the subsequent scaffold dismantling vehicle is used for the anchor rod support, and after the anchor rod support is completed, the dismantling assembly can dismantle the adjacent extended support scaffold, and the dismantled and contracted support scaffold is placed on the second slideway 39 of the scaffold dismantling vehicle. The second nut slider 40 on the scaffold dismantling vehicle pushes the support scaffold forward by one support scaffold body position and then returns to its original position, so as to reserve a position for the next retracted support scaffold. In this way, every time a row of the anchor rods is performed, a support scaffold is disassembled. (3) After the scaffold dismantling vehicle is fully loaded or a certain number of support scaffolds are disassembled, the second vehicle body moves forward to the right behind the first vehicle body, the second slideway 39 is adjusted to an appropriate height by means of the two first lifting oil cylinders 43 and the two second lifting oil cylinders 44, the second nut slider 40 pushes forward the support scaffold on the second slideway 39 and unloads the same onto the first slideway 33 of the scaffold installing vehicle, and the first nut slider 38 pushes forward the support scaffold to an appropriate position and then returns to its original position. The above-mentioned process is repeated until the scaffold installing vehicle is fully loaded or the support scaffolds are disassembled to their proper positions. (4) After the installing assembly on the scaffold installing vehicle is fully loaded or loaded with a certain number of support scaffolds, the operations of Step (1) can be performed again. In this way, the workers are prevented from working in the extremely harsh working environment when the tunneling machine works, the occurrence of occupational diseases is eliminated fundamentally, and tunneling of the working face is automated and efficient, and the unmanned and safe construction is realized. The roadway support device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages. 1. By applying the roadway support device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the efficiency of the support work during tunneling can be greatly improved, the problem of mismatching between the tunneling and the support work during the roadway tunneling can be solved, and the efficiency of the roadway tunneling can be greatly improved. 2. By applying the roadway support device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the support work can be done along with the tunneling, a length of an "empty" roof (a length of no support in the tunneling section) can be effectively shortened, the occurrence of roadway disasters such as roof fall and the like can be greatly reduced, and the potential safety hazards can be greatly reduced. 3. The roadway support device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure not only supports the top of the roadway, but also supports the side walls of the roadway, so as to avoid rib spalling and possible accidents caused thereby. 4. The support scaffold in the embodiments of the present disclosure is ingeniously designed, and can generate the self-reinforcing working resistance to the pressure from the top, which reduces the requirement of the working resistance for the support scaffold. The structure is simple, light and has a small size, and the space of the mine roadway can be utilized effectively. In the specification, it is to be understood that terms such as "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width,'''thickness," "upper," "lower,' ''front," "rear,' ''left," "right, ''vertical," "horizontal,' ''top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise,' ''counterclockwise," "axial,' ''radial" and "circumferential" should be construed to refer to the orientation as described or as shown in the drawings under discussion. These relative terms are for convenience of description and do not require that the present disclosure be constructed or operated in a particular orientation. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are used herein for purposes of description and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance or significance or to imply the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the feature defined with "first" and "second" may include one or more of this feature. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality of' means two or more than two, unless specified otherwise. In the present disclosure, unless specified or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," "fixed" and the like are used broadly, and may be, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; may also be mechanical or electrical connections; may also be direct connections or indirect connections via intervening structures; may also be inner communications of two elements, which can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. In the present disclosure, unless specified or limited otherwise, a structure in which a first feature is "on" or "below" a second feature may include an embodiment in which the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, and may also include an embodiment in which the first feature and the second feature are not in direct contact with each other, but are contacted via an additional feature formed therebetween. Furthermore, a first feature "on," "above," or "on top of' a second feature may include an embodiment in which the first feature is right or obliquely "on," "above," or "on top of' the second feature, or just means that the first feature is at a height higher than that of the second feature; while a first feature "below,'''under," or "on bottom of' a second feature may include an embodiment in which the first feature is right or obliquely "below," "under," or "on bottom of' the second feature, or just means that the first feature is at a height lower than that of the second feature. Reference throughout this specification to "an embodiment,' ''some embodiments," "one embodiment", "another example," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Thus, the appearances of the phrases such as "in some embodiments," "in one embodiment", "in an embodiment", "in another example," "in an example," "in a specific example," or "in some examples," in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Although explanatory embodiments have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments cannot be construed to limit the present disclosure, and changes, alternatives, and modifications can be made in the embodiments without departing from spirit, principles and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A roadway support device, comprising:

a support scaffold detachably arranged to support a roadway; a scaffold installing vehicle comprising a first vehicle body and an installing assembly arranged

on the first vehicle body, the installing assembly being configured to arrange the support scaffold in

the roadway to support the roadway, and the first vehicle body being a roadheader; and

a scaffold dismantling vehicle comprising a second vehicle body and a dismantling assembly arranged on the second vehicle body, the dismantling assembly being configured to dismantle the

support scaffold from the roadway and to transfer the support scaffold to the scaffold installing

vehicle.

2. The roadway support device according to claim 1, wherein the support scaffold comprises:

a top beam adapted to abut against a top of the roadway; two shoulder beams, wherein a first end of one of the two shoulder beams is rotatably connected

to one end of the top beam, and a first end of the other one of the two shoulder beams is rotatably

connected to the other one end of the top beam; two support pillars rotatably connected to second ends of the two shoulder beams in a way that

one of the two support pillars is connected to one of the two shoulder beams, and the other one of

the two support pillars is connected to the other one of the two shoulder beams, wherein the support

pillar is telescopic, the support pillar comprises an upper leg, a lower leg and a locking assembly, the upper leg is rotatably connected to the second end of the shoulder beam, a ratchet rack is arranged

on an inner wall surface of the upper leg, the lower leg is slidably fitted in the upper leg in a length

direction of the upper leg, the locking assembly is connected to the lower leg, the locking assembly comprises a pawl, the pawl is rotatable between an open position and a closed position, the pawl is

engaged with the ratchet rack to lock the upper leg and the lower leg in the open position, and the

pawl is disengaged from the ratchet rack in the closed position; and two side connectors rotatably connected to the second ends of the shoulder beams, wherein the

side connector is located outside the shoulder beam and the support pillar, the side connector is

adapted to abut against a side wall of the roadway, the side connector comprises a side portion and

a connecting portion connected with each other, the connecting portion is rotatably pivoted to the second end of the shoulder beam, and the side portion is provided with barbs.

3. The roadway support device according to claim 2, wherein the support scaffold further

comprises a flexible pad arranged on the top beam in a length direction of the top beam, the flexible pad having an arcuate longitudinal-section, and having a thickness gradually decreasing from a middle to both ends thereof.

4. The roadway support device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the locking assembly further

comprises: a housing connected to an upper end of the lower leg, wherein at least a portion of the pawl is

located in the housing, and the pawl is rotatably pivoted to the housing;

a connecting rod located in the housing, and having one end connected to a trailing end of the pawl;

an operating rod having one end located in the housing and connected to the other end of the

connecting rod, wherein the operating rod is slidable in a length direction of the housing to drive the ratchet rack to rotate between the open position and the closed position, two ratchet racks, two pawls

and two connecting rods are provided in one-to-one correspondence, the two ratchet racks are

oppositely arranged on the inner wall surface of the upper leg, and tails of the two pawls are pressed against each other in the open position;

a first stopper and a first return spring, wherein the other end of the operating rod is located

outside the housing and connected to the first stopper, the first return spring is fitted outside the

operating rod, one end of the first return spring abuts against an outer wall surface of the housing, and the other end of the first return spring abuts against the first stopper;

a locking pin connected to the operating rod and penetrating the housing in a thickness direction

of the housing, wherein the locking pin is slidable in the thickness direction of the housing, a first through hole is formed at the lower end of the upper leg, the locking pin is adapted to fit in the first

through hole such that the upper leg and the lower leg are relatively fixed, a second through hole is

formed in the locking pin in a radial direction thereof, the operating rod passes through the second through hole, and a size of the second through hole in a length direction of the locking pin is greater

than a size of the operating rod in the length direction of the locking pin;

a locking pin guide rod, wherein a sliding groove is formed on a side wall of the operating rod

in a length direction of the operating rod, the locking pin guide rod is connected to the locking pin, and one end of the locking pin guide rod is slidably fitted in the sliding groove; and a second return spring, wherein the second return spring is fitted over the locking pin, an annular protrusion is arranged on a peripheral side of the locking pin, one end of the second return spring abuts against and connected to the annular protrusion, and the other end of the second return spring abuts against an inner wall of the housing.

5. The roadway support device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the support

scaffold further comprises a foot assembly rotatably connected to a lower end of the lower leg, and

the foot assembly comprises: a foot body;

a connecting plate connected to the foot body, the connecting plate being rotatably connected

to the lower end of the lower leg; a foot receiving slider, wherein a sliding rail is arranged on the lower leg, the foot receiving

slider is slidably arranged in the sliding rail, and at least a portion of the foot receiving slider is

located outside the lower leg such that the upper leg is in contact with the foot receiving slider; a foot connecting rod, wherein one end of the foot connecting rod is rotatably connected to the

connecting plate, the other end of the foot connecting rod is rotatably connected to the foot receiving

slider, the foot connecting rod and the lower leg are rotatably connected to different parts of the connecting plate, and the foot connecting rod is configured to drive the foot body to rotate;

a slider body and a push plate connected with each other, wherein the sliding rail is arranged in

the lower leg, the slider body is slidably arranged in the sliding rail, and the push plate is located

outside the lower leg; and a third return spring, a third return spring guide rod and a second stopper, wherein one end of

the third return spring guide rod penetrates one end of the sliding rail in a length direction of the

sliding rail and is connected to the slider, the other end of the third return spring guide rod is connected to the second stopper, the third return spring is fitted over the third return spring guide

rod, and one end of the third return spring abuts against the second stopper and the other end of the

third return spring abuts against one end of the sliding rail.

6. The roadway support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the installing

assembly comprises:

two first scaffolds each arranged on one of both sides of the first vehicle body in a width direction thereof; a first slideway connected to the first scaffold and extending in a length direction of the first vehicle body; a first nut slider slidably arranged in the first slideway, at least a portion of the first nut slider being located outside the first slideway; a first leading screw rotatably arranged in the first slideway in a length direction of the first slideway, and threadedly engaged with the first nut slider; a first driving device arranged at one end of the first slideway, connected to the first leading screw, and configured to drive the first leading screw to rotate and to drive the first nut slider to slide along the first slideway; and an installing arm detachably connected to the support scaffold, and configured to arrange the support scaffold in the roadway to support the roadway.

7. The roadway support device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the dismantling

assembly comprises: a second scaffold being able to rise and fall and connected to the second vehicle body;

a second slideway connected to the second scaffold and extending in a length direction of the

second vehicle body, wherein two second slideways exist, and the two second slideways are arranged at an interval in a width direction of the second vehicle body;

a second nut slider slidably arranged in the second slideway, at least a portion of the second nut

slider being located outside the second slideway;

a second leading screw rotatably arranged in the second slideway in a length direction of the second slideway, and threadedly engaged with the second nut slider;

a second driving device arranged at one end of the second slideway, connected to the second

leading screw, and configured to drive the second leading screw to rotate and to drive the second nut slider to slide along the second slideway; and

an installing arm detachably connected to the support scaffold, and configured to detach the

support scaffold from the roadway, wherein the second scaffold comprises:

a connecting plate, one end of the connecting plate being rotatably connected to the second

vehicle body, and the other end of the connecting plate being rotatably connected to the second

slideway; a first lifting oil cylinder, one end of the first lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to the second vehicle body, and the other end of the first lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to a first end of the second slideway; and a second lifting oil cylinder, one end of the second lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to the second vehicle body, and the other end of the second lifting oil cylinder being rotatably connected to a second end of the second slideway.

8. The roadway support device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the installing arm comprises: a boom being telescopic, a first end of the boom being rotatably connected to the first vehicle body or the second vehicle body; a forearm being telescopic, a first end of the forearm being rotatably connected to a second end of the boom, wherein at least two brackets are arranged on the forearm, and the bracket is adapted to detachably connect to the support scaffold; a boom tilt cylinder, a first end of the boom tilt cylinder being rotatably connected to the first vehicle body or the second vehicle body, and a second end of the boom tilt cylinder being rotatably connected to the boom; a forearm tilt cylinder, a first end of the forearm tilt cylinder being rotatably connected to the boom, and a second end of the forearm tilt cylinder being rotatably connected to the forearm; a boom telescopic cylinder, wherein the boom comprises a first boom and a second boom, the first boom is slidably arranged in the second boom, the boom telescopic cylinder is arranged in the boom, a first end of the boom telescopic cylinder is connected to the first boom, and a second end of the boom telescopic cylinder is connected to the second boom; a forearm telescopic cylinder, wherein the forearm comprises a first forearm and a second forearm, the first forearm is slidably arranged in the second forearm, the forearm telescopic cylinder is arranged in the forearm, a first end of the forearm telescopic cylinder is connected to the first forearm, and a second end of the forearm telescopic cylinder is connected to the second forearm; and an unlocking assembly comprising an unlocking cylinder and an unlocking rod, wherein the unlocking cylinder is arranged on an outer wall of the forearm in a length direction of the forearm, one end of the unlocking cylinder is connected to the forearm, and the other end of the unlocking cylinder is connected to the unlocking rod.

9. The roadway support device according to claim 8, wherein the bracket comprises: an installing seat fixedly connected to the forearm; a first support and a second support, a first end of the first support and a first end of the second support both being rotatably connected to the installing seat; a first pull rod and a second pull rod, afirst end of thefirst pull rod being rotatably connected to a second end of the first support, and a first end of the second pull rod being rotatably connected to a second end of the second support; and an adjusting rod, one end of the adjusting rod being rotatably connected to a second end of the first pull rod and a second end of the second pull rod, respectively, and the adjusting rod penetrating through the installing seat and being movable in a length direction of the installing seat.

10. The roadway support device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the scaffold dismantling vehicle further comprises a drill frame rotatably arranged on the second vehicle body;

wherein the drill frame comprises a supporting frame, a top plate and a drill box, a positioning hole

is formed in the top plate, the top plate is connected to an upper end of the supporting frame and movable in a length direction of the supporting frame; and the drill box is connected to a lower end

of the supporting frame and configured to connect to a drill rod or an anchor rod.

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