AU2021105412A4

AU2021105412A4 - Impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device and application method thereof

Info

Publication number: AU2021105412A4
Application number: AU2021105412A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Xichao Cao; Hongkai CHEN; Mei Han; Kun HE; Xurong He; Hengyang Hu; Xiewen Hu; Guanglin Huang; Jian Huang; Tao Jin; Zaicheng Lan; You Li; Yu Liang; Bo Liu; Gang Luo; Guotao Ma; Xuefeng Mei; Youyun Ning; Yan Wang; Qiang Wen
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-01-27
Filing date: 2021-08-13
Publication date: 2021-11-18
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-13
Also published as: CN112785817A

Abstract

Austracy The present invention discloses an impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device and an application method thereof. The device comprises a bracket system, a debris flow velocity monitoring system, a debris flow mud level monitoring system and a circuit system. The bracket system exerts the effects of supporting stress and mounting adjustment; the debris flow velocity monitoring system measures a velocity of a debris flow through impeller type equipment which rotates along with a fluid of the debris flow by adopting a mode of equal-speed rotary wheels; through rotary blades deflecting along with a change of the mud level of the debris flow, the debris flow mud level monitoring system changes the resistance in a circuit and converts mud level information of the debris flow to a current signal; and through a current monitoring instrument, the circuit system measures the velocity in the debris flow and the mud level of the debris flow in real time and calculates a debris flow accumulated run out volume and a peak discharge, and a backend early warning device is started. The device of the present invention may measure the velocity and the mud level of the debris flow at the same time, is flexible and adjustable, convenient to disassemble and mount and high in automation degree and saves the cost due to power supply with solar energy. The method is liable to understand and convenient to implement. 1 Drawings of Description 23 49 ) 22 111 31 241 34 241 34 32243 242 33 14 151 243 36 151 491 42 46 42 2121 ll 151 45 23 15 15141 111 _ 44 11 122 12 121 13 Fig. I 1

Description

Austracy

The present invention discloses an impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device and an application method thereof. The device comprises a bracket system, a debris flow velocity monitoring system, a debris flow mud level monitoring system and a circuit system. The bracket system exerts the effects of supporting stress and mounting adjustment; the debris flow velocity monitoring system measures a velocity of a debris flow through impeller type equipment which rotates along with a fluid of the debris flow by adopting a mode of equal-speed rotary wheels; through rotary blades deflecting along with a change of the mud level of the debris flow, the debris flow mud level monitoring system changes the resistance in a circuit and converts mud level information of the debris flow to a current signal; and through a current monitoring instrument, the circuit system measures the velocity in the debris flow and the mud level of the debris flow in real time and calculates a debris flow accumulated run out volume and a peak discharge, and a backend early warning device is started. The device of the present invention may measure the velocity and the mud level of the debris flow at the same time, is flexible and adjustable, convenient to disassemble and mount and high in automation degree and saves the cost due to power supply with solar energy. The method is liable to understand and convenient to implement.

Drawings of Description

23 49 ) 22 111 31 241 34 241 34 32243 242 33 14 151 243 36 151 491

42 46

42 2121 ll 151 45

23 15

15141

111 _ 44

11 122

12 121

13

Fig. I

Description

IMPELLER TYPE DEBRIS FLOW VELOCITY AND MUD LEVEL MONITORING AND EARLY WARNING DEVICE AND APPLICATION METHOD THEREOF

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the field of early warning and prevention for debris flow disasters and particularly relates to an impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device and an application method thereof.

Background

Debris flows are a kind of common multiple geological disasters in mountainous areas of China and have the characteristics of burstiness, high speed, large energy, very strong destructive power, large volume of carried substances and the like. Therefore, the debris flows may usually cause relatively large economic loss and casualties to cities, towns and villages where the debris flows occur. Velocities and mud levels of the debris flows are part of important design parameters in debris flow prevention engineering. One debris flow outrush scale may be accurately calculated by combining the velocity and the mud level of the debris flow with the size of a flowing section at a test point, which is of great significance for study on restoration, prevention, prediction and forecasting of the debris flow movement process. However, because the debris flows are very strong in burstiness, and the velocities and the mud levels are difficult to be monitored accurately in general, how to enable a field testing technology for the velocity and mud level of the debris flow to be fast and convenient becomes very important. At present, determination methods for the debris flow velocity mainly include a carrier phase difference method, a Doppler method, a photoelasticity method and an image interpretation method. The determination methods mostly conduct determination based on flow surfaces of the debris flows; however, because the

Description

debris flows are a kind of uneven multi-phase fluids containing a great quantity of silts, stones, water and the like, the velocities on the surfaces of the debris flows and the velocities in the debris flows are obviously different. Thus, the existing methods are difficult to monitor the velocities of the debris flows in real time and difficult to solve the problems that the velocities in the debris flows are relatively accurately determined, and the early warning effect can be achieved. At present, there are 3 kinds of determination methods for the mud level of the debris flow generally, namely, a mud crack observation method, a mud level scale method and a wireless measuring sensor mud level gauge measuring method. However, the mud crack observation method and the mud level scale method are not accurate in measurement results and cannot conduct dynamic monitoring on the mud levels of the debris flows; and the mud level gauge measuring method by a wireless measuring sensor is relatively tedious in mounting process and relatively high in maintenance cost because of involving a great quantity of sensing devices and cannot measure the velocities of the debris flows at the same time. Thus, the existing methods are difficult to simply, conveniently and accurately monitor the mud levels of the debris flows in real time and achieve the early warning effect.

Summary With respect to the deficiencies of the existing debris flow velocity and mud level determination technologies, in order to simultaneously and accurately monitor the velocities and the mud levels of the debris flows and conduct effective early warning on the debris flow disasters, the present invention provides an impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device and an application method thereof. The impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device of the present invention comprises a bracket system, a debris flow velocity monitoring system, a debris flow mud level monitoring system and a circuit system.

Description

The bracket system is composed of a concrete foundation, an upright pole, a supporting arm and a supporting rod, wherein the concrete foundation is arranged at a safe part of a debris flow channel slope; the upright pole is fixed on the concrete foundation through fixing nuts of an upright pole base arranged at the lower end of the upright pole and concrete foundation screws; the supporting arm is horizontally arranged at the top end of the upright pole, the supporting rod is arranged between the supporting arm and the upright pole, and the tail ends of the supporting rod are connected with the upright pole and the supporting arm through bolt connecting seats respectively. The debris flow velocity monitoring system is as follows: an inner ring of a rotating shaft is rigidly connected to the supporting arm; a plurality of insulating rigid rods are evenly fixed on an outer ring of the rotating shaft in a radial direction; a resistance brush is welded to the lower part of each insulating rigid rod; an equal-speed rotary blade in a circular blade shape is welded to the end part of each insulating rigid rod; two wire sleeves are arranged on the two sides of the rotating shaft and are connected with the supporting arm through connecting seats; and electrode probes are arranged at the tail ends of the wire sleeves to be in matching contact with the resistance brushes. The debris flow mud level monitoring system is as follows: an inner ring of another rotating shaft is rigidly connected to the supporting arm; two insulating rigid rods are fixed on an outer ring of the rotating shaft in a radial direction; an equal-speed rotary blade in a circular blade shape is welded to the end part of one of the insulating rigid rods; an electrode probe is arranged at the tail end of the other insulating rigid rod; an external bracket is arranged on the supporting arm and is connected with the supporting arm through a bolt connecting seat; an outer layer protective cover is welded to the external bracket; even resistance wires are arranged on the arch-shaped inner wall of the protective cover and connected with the circuit system through a mud level measuring wire; and the even resistance wires are in close contact with the electrode probe.

Description

The circuit system is as follows: the electrode probes of the debris flow velocity monitoring system and the electrode probe of the debris flow mud level monitoring system are sequentially connected with a current monitoring instrument and a storage battery to form a loop; meanwhile, the current monitoring instrument is connected with an analog-digital converter through a wire, and the analog-digital converter is connected with a signal emitter; and a case is welded on the outer surface of the middle part of the upright pole, and the analog-digital converter, the signal emitter and the storage battery are fixed in the case. Further, the upright pole, the supporting arm and the supporting rod are assembled through inside and outside connecting threads, and an assembled length may be adjusted according to an actual condition. Further, 8 insulating rigid rods are arranged in the debris flow velocity monitoring system, and an assembled length of the insulating rigid rods is adjusted through inside and outside connecting threads to meet the monitoring requirements for debris flow gullies with different depths. Further, the electrode probes and the wire sleeves in the debris flow velocity monitoring system are connected through springs; and the electrode probe and the insulating rigid rod in the debris flow mud level monitoring system are connected through a spring, the tip of the electrode probe extends out of an empty hole formed in the tail end of the corresponding insulating rigid rod, and the diameter of the tail end of the electrode probe is larger than the diameter of an orifice of the empty hole. Further, the circuit system further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, and the solar photovoltaic panel is mounted on the top of the upright pole through a photovoltaic panel bracket and is connected with the storage battery to provide a power supply for the storage battery. Further, the supporting arm and the upright pole are hollow aluminum alloy rods, the supporting rod is an aluminum alloy rod, and each insulating rigid rod is made of engineering plastics, fiberglass or an epoxy resin material.

Description

The application method for the impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device of the present invention comprises the following steps: S, point selection and pre-burying: selecting a place with a suitable channel width and a stable slope in a flowing area of a debris flow as a test point, measuring a morphology and an area of a cross section of the channel of the test point, digging a pit with a certain depth at a safe position of a slope on one side of the channel, and pouring the concrete foundation in the pit; S2, bracket system mounting: fixedly mounting the upright pole on the concrete foundation through the fixing nuts and the concrete foundation screws, connecting the supporting arm with the upright pole through bolts, and then fixing the supporting rod between the upright pole and the supporting arm through the bolt connecting seats; S3, monitoring system mounting: mounting the debris flow velocity monitoring system and the debris flow mud level monitoring system on the supporting arm with a vertical projection located near the center of the channel at an interval; S4, adjustment on a debris flow velocity monitoring structure: splicing the insulating rigid rods, to which the resistance brushes are welded, to a suitable length according to the channel depth condition of the debris flow, adjusting the equal-speed rotary blades to enable normal directions of the equal-speed rotary blades to be parallel to a longitudinal direction of the channel, and finally fixing the spliced insulating rigid rods; S5, adjustment on a debris flow mud level monitoring structure: splicing the insulating rigid rods, to which the equal-speed rotary blades are welded, to a suitable length according to the channel depth condition of the debris flow, adjusting the equal-speed rotary blades to enable normal directions of the equal-speed rotary blades to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the channel, and finally fixing the spliced insulating rigid rods;

Description

S6, circuit system mounting: sequentially connecting and assembling the electrode probes and the current monitoring instrument through the wires, mounting the case on the upright pole, mounting the storage battery, the analog-digital converter and the signal emitter in the case, connecting the case to the current monitoring instrument, mounting the solar photovoltaic panel, and connecting the solar photovoltaic panel with the storage battery through the wire to provide power for the solar photovoltaic panel; S7, signal monitoring: turning on a power switch to enable a circuit to be in an off state when the debris flow does not come (the resistance brush (221) is not in contact with electrode probe (241) under forbidden conditions), enabling a debris flow velocity monitoring device and a debris flow mud level monitoring device to work when the debris flow comes, and monitoring a current change in the circuit in real time and collecting a current signal through the current signal monitoring instrument; S8, signal processing and early warning: sending the current signal to the analog-digital converter through the current monitoring instrument, then converting the received current signal to a digital signal by the current monitoring instrument, sending the digital signal to the signal emitter, sending the signal to a terminal processor by the signal emitter in a wireless transmission mode, processing the signal by the terminal processor to obtain a velocity and a mud level of the debris flow, then calculating a debris flow accumulated run out volume and a peak discharge in combination with an area of a flowing section at the test point, and when the debris flow accumulated run out volume or the peak discharge reaches a preset threshold value, wirelessly sending an early warning signal to a local early warning device immediately by the terminal processor, and sending an alarm to warn local residents to timely disperse to a safe area. The present invention has the beneficial effects that: Firstly, the velocity of the debris flow is measured by the equal-speed rotary wheels, linear movement is converted to rotation, and a linear velocity is measured by measuring a rotating speed. The method is liable to understand.

Description

Secondly, the mud level of the debris flow is measured in such a manner that the debris flow impacts the rotary blades to float and is converted to the current signal, a deflection angle of each rotary blade is measured by determining the on resistance of the circuit, and then the mud level of the debris flow is calculated. The method is liable to understand. Thirdly, the device of the present invention can ingeniously convert large impact force of the debris flow in a rotating manner, so that the risk of damaging the monitoring devices is greatly lowered; and meanwhile, the velocity and the mud level in the debris flow can be accurately measured in real time, and a dynamic change on the peak discharge of the debris flow may be monitored in real time and one debris flow outrush scale may be calculated by combining the velocity and the mud level in the debris flow with the size of the flowing area at the test point, so that outbreak and dangerousness of the debris flow may be more accurately monitored and early warned, and more reliable test data can be further provided for study on restoration of the debris flow movement process, and prediction and forecasting of the debris flow disasters. Fourthly, the device of the present invention is flexible and adjustable, is convenient to disassemble and mount and high in automation degree and saves the cost due to power supply with solar energy.

Description of Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of an impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device; Fig. 2 is a front view of a debris flow velocity monitoring system; Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a debris flow mud level monitoring system; Fig. 4 is a side view of a debris flow mud level monitoring system; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a rotating shaft of a debris flow mud level monitoring system.

Description

Numerals in the drawings: 11: upright pole, 111: inside and outside connecting threads, 12: upright pole base; 121: fixing nut, 122: concrete foundation screw, 13: concrete foundation, 14: supporting arm, 141: supporting arm inner wall, 142: supporting arm outer wall, 15: supporting rod, 151: bolt connecting seat, 21: rotating shaft, 211 bearing inner ring, 212: bearing rotary ball, 213: bearing outer ring, 22: insulating rigid rod, 221: resistance brush, 23: equal-speed rotary blade, 241: electrode probe, 242: wire sleeve, 243: velocity measuring wire, 31: even resistance wire, 32: external bracket, 33: outer layer protective cover, 34: spring, 35: insulating bracket, 36: mud level measuring wire, 37: electrode probe, 41: power supply wire, 42: current detection instrument, 43: wire hole, 44: analog-digital converter, 45: signal emitter, 46: transmitting antenna, 47: storage battery, 48: case, 49: solar photovoltaic panel, 491: photovoltaic panel bracket.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. An impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, comprises a bracket system, a debris flow velocity monitoring system, a debris flow mud level monitoring system and a circuit system. The bracket system is composed of a concrete foundation 13, an upright pole 11, a supporting arm 14 and a supporting rod 15, wherein the concrete foundation 13 is arranged at a safe part of a debris flow channel slope; the upright pole 11 is fixed on the concrete foundation 13 through fixing nuts 121 of an upright pole base 12 arranged at the lower end of the upright pole and concrete foundation screws 122; the supporting arm 14 is horizontally arranged at the top end of the upright pole 11, the supporting rod 15 is arranged between the supporting arm 14 and the upright pole 11, and the tail ends of the supporting rod 15 are connected with the

Description

upright pole 11 and the supporting arm 14 through bolt connecting seats 151 respectively. The debris flow velocity monitoring system is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2: an inner ring 211 of a rotating shaft 21 is rigidly connected to the supporting arm 14; a plurality of insulating rigid rods 22 are evenly fixed on an outer ring 213 of the rotating shaft 21 in a radial direction; a resistance brush 221 is welded to the lower part of each insulating rigid rod 22; an equal-speed rotary blade 23 in a circular blade shape is welded to the end part of each insulating rigid rod 22; the rotating shaft 21 has high sensitivity and the frictional resistance can be almost ignored, so as to ensure that the debris flow velocity can be efficiently converted into the rotating speed of equal-speed rotary wheels; two wire sleeves 242 are arranged on two sides of the rotating shaft 21 and are connected with the supporting arm 14 through connecting seats; and electrode probes 241 are arranged at the tail ends of the wire sleeves to be in matching contact with the resistance brushes 221. The debris flow mud level monitoring system is shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5: an inner ring 211 of another rotating shaft 21 is rigidly connected to the supporting arm 14; two insulating rigid rods 22 are fixed on an outer ring 213 of the rotating shaft 21 in a radial direction; an equal-speed rotary blade 23 in a circular blade shape is welded to the end part of one of the insulating rigid rods 22; an electrode probe 37 is arranged at the tail end of the other insulating rigid rod; an external bracket 32 is arranged on the supporting arm 14 and is connected with the supporting arm 14 through a bolt connecting seat 151; an outer layer protective cover 33 is welded to the external bracket 32; even resistance wires 31 are arranged on the arch-shaped inner wall of the protective cover and connected with the circuit system through a mud level measuring wire 36; and the even resistance wires 31 are in close contact with an electrode probe 37. The circuit system is as follows: the electrode probes 241 of the debris flow velocity monitoring system and the electrode probe 37 of the debris flow mud level monitoring system are sequentially connected with a current monitoring instrument 42 and a storage battery 47 to form a loop; meanwhile, the current monitoring

Description

instrument 42 is connected with an analog-digital converter 44 through a wire; the analog-digital converter 44 is connected with a signal emitter 45; a case 48 is welded on the outer surface of the middle part of the upright pole 11, and the analog-digital converter 44, the signal emitter 45 and the storage battery 47 are fixed in the case 48. Further, the upright pole 11, the supporting arm 14 and the supporting rod 15 are assembled through inside and outside connecting threads 111, and an assembled length may be adjusted according to an actual condition. Further, 8 insulating rigid rods 22 are arranged in the debris flow velocity monitoring system, and an assembled length of the insulating rigid rods is adjusted through inside and outside connecting threads 111 to meet the monitoring requirements for debris flow gullies with different depths. Further, the electrode probes 241 and the wire sleeves 242 in the debris flow velocity monitoring system are connected through springs 34; and the electrode probe 37 and the insulating rigid rod 22 in the debris flow mud level monitoring system are connected through a spring 34, the tip of the electrode probe 37 extends out of an empty hole formed in the tail end of the insulating rigid rod 22, and the diameter of the tail end of the electrode probe 37 is larger than the diameter of an orifice of the empty hole. Further, the circuit system further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel 49, and the solar photovoltaic panel 49 is mounted on the top of the upright pole 11 through a photovoltaic panel bracket 491 and is connected with the storage battery 47 to provide a power supply for the storage battery. Further, the supporting arm 14 and the upright pole 11 are hollow aluminum alloy rods, the supporting rod 15 is an aluminum alloy rod, and each insulating rigid rod 22 is made of engineering plastics, fiberglass or an epoxy resin material. An application method for an impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device in the present invention comprises the following steps:

Description

S1, point selection and pre-burying: selecting a place with a suitable channel width and a stable slope in a flowing area of a debris flow as a test point, measuring a morphology and an area of a cross section of the channel of the test point, digging a pit with a certain depth at a safe position of a slope on one side of the channel, and pouring the concrete foundation 13 in the pit; S2, bracket system mounting: fixedly mounting the upright pole 11 on the concrete foundation 13 through the fixing nuts 121 and the concrete foundation screws 122, connecting the supporting arm 14 with the upright pole 11 through bolts, and then fixing the supporting rod 15 between the upright pole 11 and the supporting arm 14 through the bolt connecting seats 151; S3, monitoring system mounting: mounting the debris flow velocity monitoring system and the debris flow mud level monitoring system on the supporting arm 14 with a vertical projection located near the center of the channel at an interval; S4, adjustment on a debris flow velocity monitoring structure: splicing the insulating rigid rods 22, to which the resistance brushes 221 are welded, to a suitable length according to the channel depth condition of the debris flow, adjusting the equal-speed rotary blades 23 to enable normal directions of the equal-speed rotary blades to be parallel to a longitudinal direction of the channel, and finally fixing the spliced insulating rigid rods; S5, adjustment on a debris flow mud level monitoring structure: splicing the insulating rigid rods 22, to which the equal-speed rotary blades 23 are welded, to a suitable length according to the channel depth condition of the debris flow, adjusting the equal-speed rotary blades 23 to enable normal directions of the equal-speed rotary blades to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the channel, and finally fixing the spliced insulating rigid rods; S6, circuit system mounting: sequentially connecting and assembling the electrode probes 241 and the current monitoring instrument 42 through the wires, mounting the case 48 on the upright pole, mounting the storage battery 47, the analog-digital converter 44 and the signal emitter 45 in the case, connecting the

Description

case to the current monitoring instrument 42, mounting the solar photovoltaic panel 49, and connecting the solar photovoltaic panel 49 with the storage battery 47 through the wire to provide power for the solar photovoltaic panel; S7, signal monitoring: turning on a power switch to enable a circuit to be in an off state when the debris flow does not come (the resistance brush (221) is not in contact with electrode probe (241) under forbidden conditions), enabling a debris flow velocity monitoring device and a debris flow mud level monitoring device to work when the debris flow comes, and monitoring a current change in the circuit in real time and collecting a current signal through the current signal monitoring instrument 42; S8, signal processing and early warning: sending the current signal to the analog-digital converter 44 through the current monitoring instrument 42, then converting the received current signal to a digital signal by the current monitoring instrument, sending the digital signal to the signal emitter 45, sending the signal to a terminal processor by the signal emitter 45 in a wireless transmission mode, processing the signal by the terminal processor to obtain a velocity and a mud level of the debris flow, then calculating a debris flow accumulated run out volume and a peak discharge in combination with an area of a flowing section at the test point, and when the debris flow accumulated run out volume or the peak discharge reaches a preset threshold value, wirelessly sending an early warning signal to a local early warning device immediately by the terminal processor, and sending an alarm to warn local residents to timely disperse to a safe area. The terminal processor is equipment mounted at a department relevant to local geological disaster monitoring and can timely process data sent by the signal emitter 45; the debris flow accumulated run out volume and the peak discharge can be calculated by combining parameters, such as the velocity and the mud level of the debris flow, obtained after the data is processed by the terminal processor with the area of the flowing section at the test point (morphologies and sizes of a channel and a slope of the flowing section are known through actual measurement, and the area of the flowing section may be calculated based on the monitoring

Description

value of the mud level of the debris flow), and the terminal processor sends the early warning signal to the early warning device immediately when the debris flow accumulated run out volume or the peak discharge reaches the preset threshold value, wherein the early warning device is an alarm device mounted in a region influenced by the debris flow and timely conducts early warning on the region influenced by the debris flow after receiving the signal sent by the terminal processor.

Claims

1. An impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device, comprising a bracket system, a debris flow velocity monitoring system, a debris flow mud level monitoring system and a circuit system, wherein the bracket system is composed of a concrete foundation (13), an upright pole (11), a supporting arm (14) and a supporting rod (15), wherein the concrete foundation (13) is arranged at a safe part of a debris flow channel slope; the upright pole (11) is fixed on the concrete foundation (13) through fixing nuts (121) of an upright pole base (12) arranged at the lower end of the upright pole and concrete foundation screws (122); the supporting arm (14) is horizontally arranged at the top end of the upright pole (11), the supporting rod (15) is arranged between the supporting arm (14) and the upright pole (11), and the tail ends of the supporting rod (15) are connected with the upright pole (11) and the supporting arm (14) through bolt connecting seats (151) respectively; the debris flow velocity monitoring system is as follows: an inner ring (211) of a rotating shaft (21) is rigidly connected to the supporting arm (14); a plurality of insulating rigid rods (22) are evenly fixed on an outer ring (213) of the rotating shaft (21) in a radial direction; a resistance brush (221) is welded to the lower part of each insulating rigid rod (22); an equal-speed rotary blade (23) in a circular blade shape is welded to the end part of each insulating rigid rod (22); two wire sleeves (242) are arranged on two sides of the rotating shaft (21) and are connected with the supporting arm (14) through connecting seats; and electrode probes (241) are arranged at the tail ends of the wire sleeves to be in matching contact with the resistance brushes (221); the debris flow mud level monitoring system is as follows: an inner ring (211) of another rotating shaft (21) is rigidly connected to the supporting arm (14); two insulating rigid rods (22) are fixed on an outer ring (213) of the rotating shaft (21) in a radial direction; an equal-speed rotary blade (23) in a circular blade shape is welded to the end part of one of the insulating rigid rods (22); an electrode probe (37) is arranged at the tail end of the other insulating rigid rod; an external bracket (32) is arranged on the supporting arm (14) and is connected with the supporting

Claims

arm (14) through a bolt connecting seat (151); an outer layer protective cover (33) is welded to the external bracket (32); even resistance wires (31) are arranged on the arch-shaped inner wall of the protective cover and connected with the circuit system through a mud level measuring wire (36); and the even resistance wires (31) are in close contact with an electrode probe (37); the circuit system is as follows: the electrode probes (241) of the debris flow velocity monitoring system and the electrode probe (37) of the debris flow mud level monitoring system are sequentially connected with a current monitoring instrument (42) and a storage battery (47) to form a loop; meanwhile, the current monitoring instrument (42) is connected with an analog-digital converter (44) through a wire; the analog-digital converter (44) is connected with a signal emitter (45); a case (48) is welded on the outer surface of the middle part of the upright pole (11), and the analog-digital converter (44), the signal emitter (45) and the storage battery (47) are fixed in the case (48).

2. The impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the upright pole (11), the supporting arm (14) and the supporting rod (15) are assembled through inside and outside connecting threads (111), and an assembled length may be adjusted according to an actual condition.

3. The impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein 8 insulating rigid rods (22) are arranged in the debris flow velocity monitoring system, and an assembled length of the insulating rigid rods is adjusted through inside and outside connecting threads (111) to meet the monitoring requirements for debris flow gullies with different depths.

4. The impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode probes (241) and the wire sleeves (242) in the debris flow velocity monitoring system are connected through springs (34); and the electrode probe (37) and the insulating rigid rod (22) in the debris flow mud level monitoring system are connected through a spring

Claims

(34), the tip of the electrode probe (37) extends out of an empty hole formed in the tail end of the insulating rigid rod (22), and the diameter of the tail end of the electrode probe (37) is larger than the diameter of an orifice of the empty hole.

5. The impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit system further comprises a solar photovoltaic panel (49), and the solar photovoltaic panel (49) is mounted on the top of the upright pole (11) through a photovoltaic panel bracket (491) and is connected with the storage battery (47) to provide a power supply for the storage battery.

6. The impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein the supporting arm (14) and the upright pole (11) are hollow aluminum alloy rods, the supporting rod (15) is an aluminum alloy rod, and each insulating rigid rod (22) is made of engineering plastics, fiberglass or an epoxy resin material.

7. An application method for an impeller type debris flow velocity and mud level monitoring and early warning device, comprising the following steps: S1, point selection and pre-burying: selecting a place with a suitable channel width and a stable slope in a flowing area of a debris flow as a test point, measuring a morphology and an area of a cross section of the channel of the test point, digging a pit with a certain depth at a safe position of a slope on one side of the channel, and pouring the concrete foundation (13) in the pit; S2, bracket system mounting: fixedly mounting the upright pole (11) on the concrete foundation (13) through the fixing nuts (121) and the concrete foundation screws (122), connecting the supporting arm (14) with the upright pole (11) through bolts, and then fixing the supporting rod (15) between the upright pole (11) and the supporting arm (14) through the bolt connecting seats (151); S3, monitoring system mounting: mounting the debris flow velocity monitoring system and the debris flow mud level monitoring system on the supporting arm (14) with a vertical projection located near the center of the channel at an interval;

Claims

S4, adjustment on a debris flow velocity monitoring structure: splicing the insulating rigid rods (22), to which the resistance brushes (221) are welded, to a suitable length according to the channel depth condition of the debris flow, adjusting the equal-speed rotary blades (23) to enable normal directions of the equal-speed rotary blades to be parallel to a longitudinal direction of the channel, and finally fixing the spliced insulating rigid rods; S5, adjustment on a debris flow mud level monitoring structure: splicing the insulating rigid rods (22), to which the equal-speed rotary blades (23) are welded, to a suitable length according to the channel depth condition of the debris flow, adjusting the equal-speed rotary blades (23) to enable normal directions of the equal-speed rotary blades to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the channel, and finally fixing the spliced insulating rigid rods; S6, circuit system mounting: sequentially connecting and assembling the electrode probes (241) and the current monitoring instrument (42) through the wires, mounting the case (48) on the upright pole, mounting the storage battery (47), the analog-digital converter (44) and the signal emitter (45) in the case, connecting the case to the current monitoring instrument (42), mounting the solar photovoltaic panel (49), and connecting the solar photovoltaic panel (49) with the storage battery (47) through the wire to provide power for the solar photovoltaic panel; S7, signal monitoring: turning on a power switch to enable a circuit to be in an off state when the debris flow does not come (the resistance brush (221) is not in contact with electrode probe (241) under forbidden conditions), enabling a debris flow velocity monitoring device and a debris flow mud level monitoring device to work when the debris flow comes, and monitoring a current change in the circuit in real time and collecting a current signal through the current signal monitoring instrument (42); S8, signal processing and early warning: sending the current signal to the analog-digital converter (44) through the current monitoring instrument (42), then converting the received current signal to a digital signal by the current monitoring

Claims

instrument, sending the digital signal to the signal emitter (45), sending the signal to a terminal processor by the signal emitter (45) in a wireless transmission mode, processing the signal by the terminal processor to obtain a velocity and a mud level of the debris flow, then calculating a debris flow accumulated run out volume and a peak discharge in combination with an area of a flowing section at the test point, and when the debris flow accumulated run out volume or the peak discharge reaches a preset threshold value, wirelessly sending an early warning signal to a local early warning device immediately by the terminal processor, and sending an alarm to warn local residents to timely disperse to a safe area.