CN109029386B - A device and method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation. The float system moves synchronously with the sea waves and comprises a float ball, four connecting rods, an inner circular magnetic ring, four support rods and an outer circular ring. The base system is static relative to the geodetic coordinate and comprises a counterweight plate, three sliding rods, an electric energy receiving module and a sea wave monitoring module. The shell is used for water proofing and consists of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylinders. When sea waves occur, the base system, the shell and the buoy system have relative displacement, the outer circular ring moves up and down relative to the sliding rod in the base system, and power generation materials on the surfaces of the base system and the shell realize power generation through friction; the inner circular magnetic ring moves up and down relative to the base system, an ampere annular magnetic field generated by pulse current is intersected with a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring, a stress wave pulse signal is generated in the waveguide tube, and the real-time wave height can be obtained by detecting the time interval between two pulses.

Description

A device and method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic information and the technical field of new energy development and utilization, and particularly relates to a device and method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing frictional power generation.

Background technique

Ocean waves are the most common phenomenon of sea water fluctuations, which are closely related to marine hydrology research and the development and utilization of wave energy. Monitoring real-time information on waves, such as wave height, direction and period, is also of great significance for coastal protection and offshore marine activities. The wave height and period of ocean waves are actual physical quantity signals, and the values are constantly changing. It is very necessary to design a real-time monitoring instrument for ocean waves that can complete the acquisition of signals and convert the constantly changing actual physical quantity signals into electrical signals or time signals, and then further process the signals.

However, general contact measuring instruments cannot avoid friction, which will not only cause certain errors in the measurement results, but also cause energy waste. Triboelectricity is one of the most common phenomena in nature, whether it is combing hair, dressing, walking or driving, but triboelectricity is difficult to collect and use, and is often ignored.

Therefore, how to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results and maximize the utilization of energy when monitoring the real-time information of ocean waves is an urgent problem to be solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the measurement error caused by friction and the problem of how to maximize the utilization of energy in the process of real-time monitoring of ocean waves, the invention proposes a device and method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing frictional power generation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing frictional power generation is placed perpendicular to the sea level, and is composed of a float system, a base system and a casing. The float system includes a floating ball, four connecting rods, an inner magnetic ring, four struts and an outer ring. The upper and lower torus surfaces of the outer ring are parallel to the sea level, the inner and outer sides of the outer ring are perpendicular to the sea level, and the torus surface of the outer ring has three through holes for the sliding rods to pass through uniformly along the circumferential direction. , the inner wall of the through hole is laid with a polyester fiber sheet layer, and the polyester fiber sheet layer is connected with wires; the inner side of the outer ring is evenly connected with four struts in the circumferential direction; the center of the inner magnetic ring and the outer ring coincide, and The two are located on the same plane; the outer side of the inner magnetic ring is connected to the other end of the four struts circumferentially connected to the inner side of the outer ring; the torus of the inner magnetic ring is circumferentially provided with four for the connecting rods to pass through. Through hole; N-pole magnetic material is laid on the inner side of the inner circular magnetic ring, and S-pole magnetic material is laid on the outer side; the floating ball is located on the sea surface, and four connecting rods arranged perpendicular to the sea level are connected below the floating ball, and the other end of the connecting rod After inserting the through hole on the surface of the inner magnetic ring, use welding to fix it.

The base system includes a counterweight plate, three sliding bars, a power receiving module and an ocean wave monitoring module. The upper and lower surfaces of the counterweight plate are parallel to the sea level. There are three blind holes on the upper surface of the counterweight plate for the sliding rod to be inserted and fixed. The central angle between the adjacent blind holes is 120°; the blind holes on the upper surface of the counterweight plate, The sliding rod and the through hole on the outer ring coincide on the vertical axis; one end of the sliding rod is inserted into the blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate, and the other end passes through the through hole on the outer ring, and the top of the sliding rod is connected to the sliding rod. A limit block is installed in the middle, the outer surface of the sliding rod between the two limit blocks is covered with a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer, and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer is connected with a wire; the outer ring can be placed between two Slide up and down between the limit blocks. The power receiving module includes a current detector, an accumulator, a signal transmission line and a wire; the current detector and the accumulator are arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate; the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer on the outer surface of the three sliding rods is connected with the outer surface. The current generated by the friction between the polyester fiber sheet layers on the surface of the ring through hole flows into the current detector and the accumulator in turn through the wires; the current detector is connected to a signal transmission line, and part of the electric energy received by the accumulator is used for the wave monitoring module to transmit pulse current. , the remaining power is exported. The wave monitoring module includes a pulse current transmitter, a stress wave detector, a stress wave signal analyzer, a wave suppressor and an excitation circuit composed of a waveguide; the pulse current transmitter is placed in the center of the upper surface of the counterweight plate; the stress The wave detector is located above the pulse current transmitter and below the limit block in the middle of the sliding rod; the stress wave signal analyzer is located next to the pulse current transmitter and is placed on the upper surface of the counterweight plate; the stress wave detector and the stress wave signal analyzer are used for The wire is connected, and the stress wave signal analyzer is connected to a signal transmission line; the wave suppressor, the stress wave detector and the pulse current transmitter are connected in series by a straight waveguide, and the wave suppressor is located at the limit block at the top of the sliding rod The upper part; the waveguide turns 90° at the upper end of the wave absorber, and then turns 90° downward when it reaches the axis of the slide bar, and then enters the slide bar and connects back to the pulse current transmitter, thus forming a waveguide consisting of incentive loop.

The shell is composed of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylinders, two through holes for connecting rods to pass through are opened on the upper surface of each semi-cylinder, and sliding bearings are installed inside the through holes; the lower part of the semi-cylinder is fitted On the upper surface of the counterweight plate, the two semi-cylindrical bodies are butted and fixed by bolts.

The above-mentioned contact part between the casing and the connecting rod, the joint part between the lower part of the casing and the upper surface of the counterweight plate, the butt joint part of the casing and the bolt connection part are all sealed and waterproof.

The present invention adopts the device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation to provide a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation. When the whole device is placed on the sea surface, when the sea surface is not fluctuating, the floating ball is above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell are under the sea surface; when the sea wave occurs, the floating ball will move up and down synchronously with the sea wave, and the base system and the shell are due to the counterweight. Due to the action of the disk, the gravity and buoyancy are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so there is a relative displacement between the base system and the shell and the float system; the floating ball, connecting rod, inner magnetic ring, strut and outer ring are rigid connections, and the floating ball follows The waves move up and down, and the outer and inner magnetic rings also move synchronously with the waves. The method of triboelectric power generation: the sea surface fluctuates, the outer ring moves up and down relative to the sliding rod in the base system, the polyester fiber sheet layer laid on the surface of the through hole on the upper surface of the outer ring and the polydimethyl methacrylate laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod The siloxane sheet layers move relative to each other. When friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer generates electrons, and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer receives electrons. The surfaces of the two materials are charged with opposite polarities. A potential difference is generated between the two materials, and the electrons are driven to flow back and forth in the external circuit, thereby generating a current; the generated current enters the current detector and the accumulator in turn through the wire, and the current detector is connected to a signal transmission line for real-time analysis. Current state, the friction force generated when the polyester fiber sheet layer and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer move relative to each other is deduced from the real-time information of the current, and then the friction force is converted into the displacement of the floating ball, which is used for Compensate for the measurement error of ocean wave height caused by mechanical friction; part of the electrical energy stored in the accumulator is used to transmit pulse current, and part of it is exported to other equipment. The method of dynamic monitoring of ocean wave height: there is a vertical relative displacement between the inner magnetic ring and the base system; a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring is generated on the surface of the inner magnetic ring, and the direction is from the inner side of the inner magnetic ring to the outer side; the pulse current transmitter A pulse current is emitted to generate an ampere ring magnetic field around the waveguide. When the ampere ring magnetic field intersects with the permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring, a stress wave pulse signal will be generated in the waveguide due to the effect of magnetostriction. The speed of sound propagates and is quickly received by the stress wave detector. Since the transmission time of the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide is proportional to the distance between the stress wave detectors, the stress wave signal analyzer calculates the initial pulse and Returning the time interval between the pulses can accurately determine the height of the float at a certain moment, and also determine the real-time state of the sea surface fluctuation at a certain moment; and then output the time interval signal, it can be displayed on the ocean wave real-time state display. The curve of the displacement of the sea surface up and down with time is obtained, so as to obtain the real-time wave height.

The device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation organically combines ocean wave monitoring and triboelectric power generation, which complement each other and have the following advantages:

1. The mechanical friction, which was originally ineffective, lost, and would cause measurement errors, is used for power generation, which improves the energy utilization rate;

2. Through electrical signal conversion, the friction size is indirectly measured, and then the displacement of the floating ball is compensated to improve the measurement accuracy;

3. The time interval signal output by the wave monitoring module is a real absolute value, not a proportional or amplified signal, so there is no signal drift or change in value, and there is no need for regular re-marking.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base system of the present invention

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner and outer rings of the present invention

Fig. 4 is the principle diagram of dynamic monitoring ocean wave height of the present invention

Fig. 5 is the principle diagram of friction power generation of the present invention

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of current signal transmission in the present invention

Among them: 1, floating ball; 2, connecting rod; 3, inner magnetic ring; 4, strut; 5, outer ring; 6, polyester fiber sheet layer; 7, shell; 8, counterweight plate; 9, Slide bar; 10. Limiting block; 11. Polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer; 12. Current detector; 13. Electric accumulator; 14. Pulse current transmitter; 15. Waveguide; 16. Stress wave detector ; 17, stress wave signal analyzer; 18, wave suppressor.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave heights and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation is placed perpendicular to the sea level, and consists of a float system, a base system and a casing 7. The float system includes a float 1 , four connecting rods 2 , an inner magnetic ring 3 , four struts 4 and an outer ring 5 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the upper and lower torus surfaces of the outer ring 5 are parallel to the sea level, the inner and outer sides of the outer ring 5 are perpendicular to the sea level, and the torus surface of the outer ring 5 is evenly divided into three parts along the circumferential direction. A through hole for the sliding rod 9 to pass through, the inner wall of the through hole is covered with a polyester fiber sheet layer 6, and the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 is connected with wires; the inner side of the outer ring 5 is evenly connected with four struts 4 along the circumferential direction The center of the inner circle magnetic ring 3 and the outer circle 5 coincide, and the two are located in the same plane; The annular surface of the inner magnetic ring 3 is provided with four through holes along the circumferential direction for the connecting rod 2 to pass through; the inner surface of the inner magnetic ring 3 is covered with N-pole magnetic material, and the outer side is covered with S-pole magnetic material; Located on the sea surface, four connecting rods 2 arranged perpendicular to the sea level are connected below the floating ball 1. The other end of the connecting rods 2 is inserted into the through hole on the annular surface of the inner magnetic ring 3 and fixed by welding.

As shown in Figure 2, the base system includes a weight plate 8, three sliding bars 9, a power receiving module and an ocean wave monitoring module. The upper and lower surfaces of the counterweight plate 8 are parallel to the sea level. The upper surface of the counterweight plate 8 is provided with three blind holes for the sliding rod 9 to be inserted and fixed, and the central angle between the adjacent blind holes is 120°; The blind hole, the sliding rod 9 and the through hole on the outer ring 5 coincide on the vertical axis; one end of the sliding rod 9 is inserted into the blind hole on the upper surface of the weight plate 8, and the other end passes through the hole on the outer ring 5 Through holes, a limit block 10 is installed at the top of the slide bar 9 and the middle of the slide bar 9, and the outer surface of the slide bar 9 between the two limit blocks 10 is covered with a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11, polydimethylsiloxane The oxane sheet layer 11 is connected with wires; the outer ring 5 can slide up and down between the two limiting blocks 10 . The power receiving module includes a current detector 12, an accumulator 13, signal transmission lines and wires; the current detector 12 and the accumulator 13 are arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8; The current generated by the friction between the oxane sheet layer 11 and the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 on the surface of the through hole of the outer ring 5 flows into the current detector 12 and the accumulator 13 in turn through the wires; the current detector 12 is connected to a signal transmission line, and the accumulator 13 Part of the received electric energy is used for the wave monitoring module to transmit pulse current, and the remaining electric energy is exported. The ocean wave monitoring module includes an excitation circuit consisting of a pulse current transmitter 14, a stress wave detector 16, a stress wave signal analyzer 17, a wave suppressor 18 and a waveguide 15; the pulse current transmitter 14 is arranged on the counterweight plate 8. The center position of the upper surface; the stress wave detector 16 is located above the pulse current transmitter 14 and below the limit block 10 in the middle of the sliding rod 9; the stress wave signal analyzer 17 is located next to the pulse current transmitter 14 and is placed on the counterweight plate 8 upper surface; the stress wave detector 16 and the stress wave signal analyzer 17 are connected by wires, and the stress wave signal analyzer 17 is connected with a signal transmission line; the wave suppressor 18, the stress wave detector 16 and the pulse current transmitter 14 are composed of A straight wave guide 15 is connected in series, and the wave absorber 18 is located on the upper part of the limit block 10 at the top of the sliding rod 9; A downward 90° turn occurs, and then the inside of the sliding rod 9 is connected back to the pulse current transmitter 14 , thereby forming an excitation circuit composed of a waveguide 15 .

The housing 7 is composed of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylindrical bodies, the upper surface of each semi-cylindrical body has two through holes for the connecting rod 2 to pass through, and a sliding bearing is installed inside the through holes; the lower part of the semi-cylindrical body It is attached to the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8, and the two semi-cylindrical bodies are connected and fixed by bolts after they are butted.

The above-mentioned contact part between the casing 7 and the connecting rod 2 , the contact part between the lower part of the casing 7 and the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8 , the butting part and the bolt connection part of the casing 7 are all sealed and waterproof.

The present invention adopts the device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation to provide a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation. The whole device is placed on the sea surface. When the sea surface has no fluctuations, the floating ball 1 is located above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell 7 are located under the sea surface; when the sea wave occurs, the floating ball 1 will follow the wave. 7 Due to the action of the counterweight plate 8, the gravity and the buoyancy force are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, so the base system and the shell 7 and the float system have relative displacement; The outer ring 5 is a rigid connection, the float 1 moves up and down with the waves, and the outer ring 5 and the inner magnetic ring 3 also move synchronously with the waves. As shown in Figure 5, the method of triboelectric power generation: the sea surface fluctuates, the outer ring 5 moves up and down relative to the sliding rod 9 in the base system, and the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 laid on the surface of the through hole on the upper surface of the outer ring 5 and The polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 laid on the outer surface of the slide bar 9 moves relatively. When friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 generates electrons, and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 receives electrons. The surfaces of the materials are respectively charged with opposite polarities, thereby generating a potential difference between the two materials, driving the electrons to flow back and forth in the external circuit, thereby generating a current; as shown in Figure 6, the generated current enters the current detection through the wires in turn The current detector 12 is connected to an external signal transmission line for analyzing the real-time current state, and deduces the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer from the real-time information of the current. 11. The magnitude of the friction force generated when the relative movement occurs, and then the magnitude of the friction force is converted into the displacement of the float 1, which is used to compensate the measurement error of ocean wave height caused by mechanical friction; part of the electrical energy stored in the accumulator 13 is used to transmit pulse current, Part of it is exported to other devices. As shown in Figure 4, the method for dynamic monitoring of ocean wave height: there is a vertical relative displacement between the inner magnetic ring 3 and the base system; a permanent magnetic field is generated on the surface of the inner magnetic ring 3, and the direction is determined by the inner The side points to the outer side; the pulse current transmitter 14 emits a pulse current, and an ampere annular magnetic field is generated around the waveguide 15. When the ampere annular magnetic field intersects with the permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring, due to the effect of magnetostriction, the waveguide 15 will generate A stress wave pulse signal, this stress wave pulse signal propagates at a fixed speed of sound, and is quickly received by the stress wave detector 16, due to the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide 15 The transit time between the stress wave detector 16 and the stress wave detector 16 The time interval between the initial pulse and the return pulse is calculated by the stress wave signal analyzer 17, the height of the float 1 at a certain moment can be accurately determined, and the sea surface fluctuation at a certain moment can be determined. Real-time status; then export the time interval signal, you can get the curve of the displacement of the sea surface up and down with time on the real-time wave status display, so as to obtain the real-time wave height.

Example:

As shown in Figure 1, the device is installed on the basis of the base system; first, install the limit block 10 in the middle of the sliding rod 9; 9 Pass through the through hole on the annular surface of the outer ring 5, the inner magnetic ring 3 and the outer ring 5 are connected by the strut 4, the outer side of the outer ring 5 is fixed with bolts, and the connecting rod 2 is inserted into the inner ring The through hole of the circular magnetic ring 3 is fixed by welding; the third step is to install the limit block 10 at the top of the slide bar 9; The upper surface of the counterweight plate 8 is attached, and the two parts of the shell 7 are butted and fixed with bolts; the fifth step is to fix the float 1 and the connecting rod 2 by welding; finally, the contact part of the shell 7 and the connecting rod 2, the lower part of the shell 7 and the matching Sealing and waterproof measures are taken for the abutting part of the upper surface of the weight plate 8, the butting part and the bolt connection part of the casing 7.

After installation, place the whole device on the sea surface. When there is no fluctuation in the sea surface, the floating ball 1 is located above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell 7 are located below the sea surface; when the sea wave occurs, the floating ball 1 will follow the wave. Due to the action of the counterweight plate 8, the base system and the shell 7 are subjected to equal and opposite directions of gravity and buoyancy, so there is a relative displacement between the base system and the shell 7 and the float system; the float 1, the connecting rod 2, the inner magnetic ring 3, The strut 4 and the outer ring 5 belong to a rigid connection, the float 1 moves up and down with the waves, and the outer ring 5 and the inner magnetic ring 3 also move synchronously with the waves. The method of triboelectric power generation: the sea surface fluctuates, the outer ring 5 moves up and down relative to the sliding rod 9 in the base system, the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 laid on the surface of the through hole on the upper surface of the outer ring 5 and the outer surface of the sliding rod 9 are laid The polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 undergoes relative motion, when friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 generates electrons, the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 receives electrons, and the surfaces of the two materials are Charges with opposite polarities generate a potential difference between the two materials, driving electrons to flow back and forth in the external circuit, thereby generating current; the generated current enters the current detector 12 and the accumulator 13 in turn through the wires, and the current detector 12 is externally connected A signal transmission line is used to analyze the real-time current state, and from the real-time information of the current, the friction force generated when the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 move relative to each other is deduced, and then the The friction force is converted into the displacement of the floating ball 1, which is used to compensate the measurement error of ocean wave height caused by mechanical friction; part of the electrical energy stored in the accumulator 13 is used to emit pulse current, and part is exported to other equipment. The method of dynamically monitoring the ocean wave height: there is a vertical relative displacement between the inner magnetic ring 3 and the base system; the surface of the inner magnetic ring 3 generates a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring, and the direction is from the inner side of the inner magnetic ring 3 to the outer side; pulse The current transmitter 14 emits a pulse current to generate an ampere annular magnetic field around the waveguide 15. When the ampere annular magnetic field intersects with the permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring, due to the effect of magnetostriction, a stress wave pulse signal will be generated in the waveguide 15, This stress wave pulse signal propagates at a fixed speed of sound and is quickly received by the stress wave detector 16. Since the transmission time of the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide 15 is proportional to the distance between the stress wave detectors 16, through The stress wave signal analyzer 17 calculates the time interval between the initial pulse and the return pulse, so as to accurately determine the height of the float 1 at a certain moment, and also determine the real-time state of the sea surface fluctuation at a certain moment; The interval signal is output, and the curve of the displacement of the sea surface up and down with time can be obtained on the real-time state display of the sea wave, so as to obtain the real-time wave height.

Claims (2)

1. A device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation comprises a buoy system, a base system and a shell (7); the buoy system comprises a floating ball (1), four connecting rods (2), an inner circular magnetic ring (3), four supporting rods (4) and an outer circular ring (5), wherein the upper circular ring surface and the lower circular ring surface of the outer circular ring (5) are parallel to the sea level, and the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the outer circular ring (5) are vertical to the sea level; the base system comprises a counterweight plate (8), three sliding rods (9), an electric energy receiving module and a sea wave monitoring module, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the counterweight plate (8) are parallel to the sea level; the shell (7) consists of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylinders, the upper surface of each semi-cylinder is provided with two through holes for the connecting rod (2) to pass through, and sliding bearings are arranged in the through holes; the lower parts of the semi-cylinders are attached to the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8), and the two semi-cylinders are connected and fixed through bolts after being butted; the method is characterized in that: the circular ring surface of the outer circular ring (5) in the buoy system is uniformly provided with three through holes for the sliding rods (9) to pass through along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of each through hole is coated with a polyester fiber sheet layer (6), and the polyester fiber sheet layer (6) is connected with a lead; the inner side surface of the outer ring (5) is uniformly connected with four support rods (4) along the circumferential direction; the circle centers of the inner magnetic ring (3) and the outer magnetic ring (5) are superposed and are positioned on the same plane; the outer side surface of the inner circular magnetic ring (3) is connected with the other ends of four support rods (4) which are circumferentially connected with the inner side surface of the outer circular ring (5); the annular surface of the inner circular magnetic ring (3) is provided with four through holes for the connecting rod (2) to pass through along the circumferential direction; the inner side surface of the inner magnetic ring (3) is coated with N-pole magnetic materials, and the outer side surface is coated with S-pole magnetic materials; the floating ball (1) is positioned on the sea surface, four connecting rods (2) which are arranged perpendicular to the sea surface are connected below the floating ball (1), and the other end of each connecting rod (2) is inserted into a through hole in the surface of the circular ring of the inner magnetic ring (3) and then is fixed by welding; the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8) is provided with three blind holes for the sliding rod (9) to be inserted and fixed, and the central angle between every two adjacent blind holes is 120 degrees; the blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8), the slide rod (9) and the through hole on the outer circular ring (5) are superposed on the vertical axis; one end of a sliding rod (9) is inserted into a blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8), the other end of the sliding rod penetrates through a through hole on the outer circular ring (5), limiting blocks (10) are arranged at the top end of the sliding rod (9) and the middle part of the sliding rod (9), a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) is laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod (9) between the two limiting blocks (10), and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) is connected with a lead; the outer circular ring (5) can slide up and down between the two limiting blocks (10); the electric energy receiving module comprises a current detector (12), an accumulator (13), a signal transmission line and a lead; the current detector (12) and the accumulator (13) are arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8); the currents generated by mutual friction of the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layers (11) on the outer surfaces of the three sliding rods (9) and the polyester fiber sheet layers (6) on the surfaces of the through holes of the outer circular ring (5) sequentially flow into the current detector (12) and the accumulator (13) through the leads; the current detector (12) is externally connected with a signal transmission line, part of the electric energy received by the accumulator (13) is used for the wave monitoring module to emit pulse current, and the rest electric energy is output; the wave monitoring module comprises an excitation loop consisting of a pulse current emitter (14), a stress wave detector (16), a stress wave signal analyzer (17), a wave absorber (18) and a waveguide tube (15); the pulse current emitter (14) is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8); the stress wave detector (16) is positioned above the pulse current emitter (14) and below the middle limiting block (10) of the sliding rod (9); the stress wave signal analyzer (17) is positioned beside the pulse current emitter (14) and is arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8); the stress wave detector (16) is connected with the stress wave signal analyzer (17) by a lead, and the stress wave signal analyzer (17) is externally connected with a signal transmission line; the wave breaker (18), the stress wave detector (16) and the pulse current emitter (14) are connected in series by a straight waveguide tube (15), and the wave breaker (18) is positioned on the upper part of a limited block (10) at the top end of the sliding rod (9); the waveguide tube (15) is turned 90 degrees at the upper end of the wave absorber (18), then turned 90 degrees downwards when reaching the axis of the sliding rod (9), enters the sliding rod (9) and is connected to the pulse current emitter (14) in a returning mode, and therefore an excitation loop formed by the waveguide tube (15) is formed.

2. A method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation, which adopts the device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that: the whole device is placed on the sea surface, when the sea surface is not fluctuated, the floating ball (1) is positioned above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell (7) are positioned below the sea surface; when sea waves occur, the floating ball (1) moves up and down synchronously along with the sea waves, the base system and the shell (7) are subjected to the same gravity and opposite buoyancy directions under the action of the counterweight plate (8), and therefore the base system, the shell (7) and the buoy system have relative displacement; the floating ball (1), the connecting rod (2), the inner circular magnetic ring (3), the support rod (4) and the outer circular ring (5) are in rigid connection, the floating ball (1) moves up and down along with sea waves, and the outer circular ring (5) and the inner circular magnetic ring (3) also move synchronously along with the sea waves; the friction power generation method comprises the following steps: the sea surface fluctuates, the outer ring (5) moves up and down relative to a sliding rod (9) in the base system, a polyester fiber sheet layer (6) laid on the surface of a through hole on the upper surface of the outer ring (5) and a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod (9) move relatively, when friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer (6) generates electrons, the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) receives the electrons, the surfaces of the two materials are respectively provided with charges with opposite polarities, so that a potential difference is generated between the two materials, and the electrons are driven to flow in an external circuit in a reciprocating mode, and current is generated; the generated current sequentially enters a current detector (12) and a current condenser (13) through a lead, the current detector (12) is externally connected with a signal external transmission line and is used for analyzing the real-time current state, the friction force generated when the polyester fiber sheet layer (6) and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) move relatively is reversely deduced from the real-time information of the current, and the friction force is converted into the displacement of the floating ball (1) and is used for compensating the ocean wave height measurement error caused by mechanical friction; a part of the electric energy stored by the accumulator (13) is used for transmitting pulse current, and a part of the electric energy is output to other equipment; the method for dynamically monitoring the ocean wave height comprises the following steps: the inner magnetic ring (3) and the base system have vertical relative displacement; a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring is generated on the surface of the inner magnetic ring (3), and the direction of the permanent magnetic field is from the inner side surface of the inner magnetic ring (3) to the outer side surface; the pulse current emitter (14) emits pulse current, an ampere annular magnetic field is generated around the waveguide tube (15), when the ampere annular magnetic field intersects with a permanent magnetic field of a magnetic ring, a stress wave pulse signal is generated in the waveguide tube (15) due to the effect of magnetostriction, the stress wave pulse signal is propagated at a fixed sound velocity and is quickly received by the stress wave detector (16), the transmission time of the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide tube (15) is in direct proportion to the distance between the stress wave detectors (16), and the time interval between an initial pulse and a return pulse is calculated by the stress wave signal analyzer (17), so that the height of the floating ball (1) at a certain moment can be accurately determined, and the sea surface fluctuation real-time state at the certain moment is also determined; and then the time interval signals are output, so that the change curve of the up-and-down displacement of the sea surface along with the time can be obtained on the sea wave real-time state display, and the real-time wave height can be obtained.

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