CN109029386B - Device and method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation - Google Patents
Device and method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109029386B CN109029386B CN201810906406.4A CN201810906406A CN109029386B CN 109029386 B CN109029386 B CN 109029386B CN 201810906406 A CN201810906406 A CN 201810906406A CN 109029386 B CN109029386 B CN 109029386B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation. The float system moves synchronously with the sea waves and comprises a float ball, four connecting rods, an inner circular magnetic ring, four support rods and an outer circular ring. The base system is static relative to the geodetic coordinate and comprises a counterweight plate, three sliding rods, an electric energy receiving module and a sea wave monitoring module. The shell is used for water proofing and consists of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylinders. When sea waves occur, the base system, the shell and the buoy system have relative displacement, the outer circular ring moves up and down relative to the sliding rod in the base system, and power generation materials on the surfaces of the base system and the shell realize power generation through friction; the inner circular magnetic ring moves up and down relative to the base system, an ampere annular magnetic field generated by pulse current is intersected with a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring, a stress wave pulse signal is generated in the waveguide tube, and the real-time wave height can be obtained by detecting the time interval between two pulses.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic information and the technical field of new energy development and utilization, and particularly relates to a device and a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation.
Background
Sea wave is the most common phenomenon of sea water fluctuation and is closely related to marine hydrology research and wave energy development and utilization. The real-time information of monitoring sea waves, such as wave height, wave direction, wave period and the like, has important significance for coastal protection and offshore marine activities. The wave height and the period of the sea wave are actual physical quantity signals, and the numerical value is constantly changed. It is necessary to design a real-time wave monitor capable of completing signal acquisition and converting the continuously changing actual physical quantity signal into an electric signal or a time signal, and further processing the signal.
However, the general contact measuring instrument cannot avoid friction, which not only causes certain errors to the measuring result, but also causes waste of energy. Triboelectricity is one of the most common phenomena in nature, and is encountered by combing hair, dressing, walking and driving, but the triboelectricity is difficult to collect and utilize and is often ignored.
Therefore, how to ensure the accuracy of the measurement result and the maximum utilization of energy when monitoring the real-time information of the sea waves is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation, aiming at the problems of measurement errors caused by friction in the real-time monitoring process of ocean waves and how to maximally utilize energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation is arranged perpendicular to the sea level and comprises a buoy system, a base system and a shell. The float system comprises a float ball, four connecting rods, an inner circle magnetic ring, four support rods and an outer circle ring. The upper and lower ring surfaces of the outer ring are parallel to the sea level, the inner and outer side surfaces of the outer ring are vertical to the sea level, three through holes for the sliding rods to pass through are uniformly formed in the ring surface of the outer ring along the circumferential direction, a polyester fiber slice layer is laid on the inner wall of each through hole, and the polyester fiber slice layer is connected with a lead; the inner side surface of the outer ring is uniformly connected with four supporting rods along the circumferential direction; the circle centers of the inner magnetic ring and the outer magnetic ring are superposed and are positioned on the same plane; the outer side surface of the inner circular magnetic ring is connected with the other ends of the four support rods which are circumferentially connected with the inner side surface of the outer circular ring; the annular surface of the inner magnetic ring is provided with four through holes for the connecting rods to pass through along the circumferential direction; the inner side surface of the inner circular magnetic ring is coated with N pole magnetic materials, and the outer side surface is coated with S pole magnetic materials; the floating ball is positioned on the sea surface, four connecting rods which are arranged perpendicular to the sea surface are connected below the floating ball, and the other end of each connecting rod is inserted into a through hole in the surface of the circular ring of the inner circular magnetic ring and then is fixed by welding.
The base system comprises a balance weight disc, three sliding rods, an electric energy receiving module and a sea wave monitoring module. The upper surface and the lower surface of the counterweight plate are parallel to the sea level, the upper surface of the counterweight plate is provided with three blind holes for the sliding rod to be inserted and fixed, and the central angle between every two adjacent blind holes is 120 degrees; the blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate, the slide bar and the through hole on the outer circular ring are superposed on a vertical axis; one end of the sliding rod is inserted into a blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate, the other end of the sliding rod penetrates through a through hole on the outer circular ring, limiting blocks are arranged at the top end of the sliding rod and the middle part of the sliding rod, a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer is laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod between the two limiting blocks, and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer is connected with a lead; the outer ring can slide up and down between the two limit blocks. The electric energy receiving module comprises a current detector, an accumulator, a signal transmission line and a lead; the current detector and the accumulator are arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate; the currents generated by the mutual friction of the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layers on the outer surfaces of the three sliding rods and the polyester fiber sheet layers on the surfaces of the through holes of the outer circular ring sequentially flow into the current detector and the accumulator through the leads; the current detector is externally connected with a signal transmission line, part of the electric energy received by the accumulator is used for the wave monitoring module to emit pulse current, and the rest electric energy is output. The wave monitoring module comprises a pulse current emitter, a stress wave detector, a stress wave signal analyzer, a wave absorber and an excitation loop consisting of a waveguide tube; the pulse current emitter is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the counterweight plate; the stress wave detector is positioned above the pulse current emitter and below the middle limiting block of the sliding rod; the stress wave signal analyzer is positioned beside the pulse current emitter and is arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate; the stress wave detector is connected with the stress wave signal analyzer by a lead, and the stress wave signal analyzer is externally connected with a signal transmission line; the wave eliminator, the stress wave detector and the pulse current emitter are connected in series by a straight waveguide tube, and the wave eliminator is positioned at the upper part of the limited block at the top end of the sliding rod; the waveguide tube is turned 90 degrees at the upper end of the wave eliminator, and then turned 90 degrees downwards when reaching the axis of the sliding rod, and then enters the inside of the sliding rod and is connected back to the pulse current emitter, so that an excitation loop consisting of the waveguide tubes is formed.
The shell consists of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylinders, the upper surface of each semi-cylinder is provided with two through holes for the connecting rod to pass through, and sliding bearings are arranged in the through holes; the lower parts of the semi-cylinders are attached to the upper surface of the counterweight plate, and the two semi-cylinders are fixedly connected through bolts after being butted.
And sealing and waterproof measures are adopted for the contact part of the shell and the connecting rod, the joint part of the lower part of the shell and the upper surface of the counterweight plate, the butt joint part of the shell and the bolt connecting part.
The invention provides a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation by adopting the device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation. The whole device is placed on the sea surface, when the sea surface is not fluctuated, the floating ball is positioned above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell are positioned below the sea surface; when sea waves occur, the floating ball moves up and down synchronously along with the sea waves, the base system and the shell are subjected to the same gravity and opposite buoyancy directions under the action of the counterweight plate, and therefore the base system, the shell and the buoy system have relative displacement; the floating ball, the connecting rod, the inner circular magnetic ring, the support rod and the outer circular ring are in rigid connection, the floating ball moves up and down along with sea waves, and the outer circular ring and the inner circular magnetic ring also move synchronously along with the sea waves. The friction power generation method comprises the following steps: when the friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer generates electrons, the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer receives the electrons, and the surfaces of the two materials are respectively provided with charges with opposite polarities, so that a potential difference is generated between the two materials, and the electrons are driven to flow in an external circuit in a reciprocating manner, thereby generating current; the generated current sequentially enters a current detector and an accumulator through a lead, the current detector is externally connected with a signal external transmission line and is used for analyzing the real-time current state, the friction force generated when the polyester fiber sheet layer and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer move relatively is reversely deduced from the real-time information of the current, and the friction force is converted into the displacement of a floating ball and is used for compensating the ocean wave height measurement error caused by mechanical friction; part of the electric energy stored in the accumulator is used for transmitting pulse current, and part of the electric energy is output to other equipment. The method for dynamically monitoring the ocean wave height comprises the following steps: the inner magnetic ring and the base system have vertical relative displacement; a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring is generated on the surface of the inner circular magnetic ring, and the direction of the permanent magnetic field is from the inner side surface of the inner circular magnetic ring to the outer side surface; the pulse current emitter emits pulse current to generate an ampere annular magnetic field around the waveguide tube, when the ampere annular magnetic field is intersected with the permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring, a stress wave pulse signal is generated in the waveguide tube under the action of magnetostriction, the stress wave pulse signal is transmitted at a fixed sound velocity and is quickly received by the stress wave detector, the transmission time of the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide tube is in direct proportion to the distance between the stress wave detectors, the time interval between an initial pulse and a return pulse is calculated through the stress wave signal analyzer, the height of the floating ball at a certain moment can be accurately determined, and the sea surface fluctuation real-time state at a certain moment is also determined; and then the time interval signals are output, so that the change curve of the up-and-down displacement of the sea surface along with the time can be obtained on the sea wave real-time state display, and the real-time wave height can be obtained.
The device for dynamically monitoring the ocean wave height and synchronously realizing the friction power generation organically combines the sea wave monitoring and the friction power generation which complement each other, and has the following advantages:
1. the original ineffective and lost mechanical friction which can cause measurement errors is used for power generation, so that the energy utilization rate is improved;
2. the friction is indirectly measured through electric signal conversion, so that the displacement of the floating ball is compensated, and the measuring accuracy is improved;
3. the time interval signal output by the wave monitoring module is a real absolute value, and is not a proportional or amplification processed signal, so that the condition of signal drift or value change does not exist, and the periodic re-calibration is not needed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base system of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inner and outer rings of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic monitoring of ocean wave height according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the friction power generation of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of current signal transmission according to the present invention
Wherein: 1. a floating ball; 2. a connecting rod; 3. an inner circular magnetic ring; 4. a stay bar; 5. an outer ring; 6. a polyester fiber sheet layer; 7. a housing; 8. a weight plate; 9. a slide bar; 10. a limiting block; 11. a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer; 12. a current detector; 13. an accumulator; 14. a pulsed current emitter; 15. a waveguide; 16. a stress wave detector; 17. a stress wave signal analyzer; 18. a wave eliminator.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the device for dynamically monitoring the ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation is arranged perpendicular to the sea level and comprises a buoy system, a base system and a shell 7. The float system comprises a float ball 1, four connecting rods 2, an inner circular magnetic ring 3, four support rods 4 and an outer circular ring 5. As shown in fig. 3, the upper and lower circular ring surfaces of the outer ring 5 are parallel to the sea level, the inner and outer side surfaces of the outer ring 5 are perpendicular to the sea level, three through holes for the sliding rods 9 to pass through are uniformly formed on the circular ring surface of the outer ring 5 along the circumferential direction, a polyester fiber sheet layer 6 is laid on the inner wall of the through hole, and the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 is connected with a lead; the inner side surface of the outer ring 5 is uniformly connected with four support rods 4 along the circumferential direction; the circle centers of the inner magnetic ring 3 and the outer magnetic ring 5 are superposed and are positioned on the same plane; the outer side surface of the inner magnetic ring 3 is connected with the other ends of four support rods 4 which are circumferentially connected with the inner side surface of the outer ring 5; the annular surface of the inner magnetic ring 3 is provided with four through holes for the connecting rod 2 to pass through along the circumferential direction; the inner side surface of the inner magnetic ring 3 is coated with N pole magnetic materials, and the outer side surface is coated with S pole magnetic materials; the floating ball 1 is positioned on the sea surface, four connecting rods 2 which are arranged perpendicular to the sea surface are connected below the floating ball 1, and the other ends of the connecting rods 2 are inserted into through holes in the surface of the circular ring of the inner circular magnetic ring 3 and then are fixed by welding.
As shown in fig. 2, the base system comprises a weight plate 8, three sliding rods 9, an electric energy receiving module and a wave monitoring module. The upper surface and the lower surface of the counterweight plate 8 are parallel to the sea level, the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8 is provided with three blind holes for the sliding rod 9 to be inserted and fixed, and the central angle between every two adjacent blind holes is 120 degrees; the blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8, the slide rod 9 and the through hole on the outer circular ring 5 are superposed on the vertical axis; one end of a sliding rod 9 is inserted into a blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8, the other end of the sliding rod passes through a through hole on the outer circular ring 5, limiting blocks 10 are arranged at the top end of the sliding rod 9 and the middle part of the sliding rod 9, a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 is laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod 9 between the two limiting blocks 10, and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 is connected with a lead; the outer ring 5 can slide up and down between the two limit blocks 10. The electric energy receiving module comprises a current detector 12, an accumulator 13, a signal transmission line and a lead; the current detector 12 and the accumulator 13 are arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8; the currents generated by mutual friction of the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layers 11 on the outer surfaces of the three sliding rods 9 and the polyester fiber sheet layers 6 on the surfaces of the through holes of the outer circular ring 5 sequentially flow into the current detector 12 and the accumulator 13 through leads; the current detector 12 is externally connected with a signal transmission line, part of the electric energy received by the accumulator 13 is used for the wave monitoring module to emit pulse current, and the rest electric energy is output. The sea wave monitoring module comprises an excitation loop consisting of a pulse current emitter 14, a stress wave detector 16, a stress wave signal analyzer 17, a wave absorber 18 and a waveguide tube 15; the pulse current emitter 14 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8; the stress wave detector 16 is positioned above the pulse current emitter 14 and below the middle limiting block 10 of the slide bar 9; the stress wave signal analyzer 17 is positioned beside the pulse current emitter 14 and is arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8; the stress wave detector 16 is connected with the stress wave signal analyzer 17 by a lead, and the stress wave signal analyzer 17 is externally connected with a signal transmission line; the wave eliminator 18, the stress wave detector 16 and the pulse current emitter 14 are connected in series by a straight waveguide tube 15, and the wave eliminator 18 is positioned at the upper part of a limited block 10 at the top end of the sliding rod 9; the waveguide tube 15 is turned 90 degrees at the upper end of the wave absorber 18, and then turned 90 degrees downwards when reaching the axis of the sliding rod 9, and then enters the inside of the sliding rod 9 and is connected to the pulse current emitter 14 in a returning mode, so that an excitation loop formed by the waveguide tube 15 is formed.
The shell 7 consists of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylinders, the upper surface of each semi-cylinder is provided with two through holes for the connecting rod 2 to pass through, and sliding bearings are arranged in the through holes; the lower parts of the semi-cylinders are attached to the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8, and the two semi-cylinders are fixedly connected through bolts after being butted.
The contact part of the shell 7 and the connecting rod 2, the joint part of the lower part of the shell 7 and the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8, the butt joint part of the shell 7 and the bolt connecting part adopt sealing and waterproof measures.
The invention provides a method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation by adopting the device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation. The whole device is placed on the sea surface, when the sea surface is not fluctuated, the floating ball 1 is positioned above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell 7 are positioned below the sea surface; when sea waves occur, the floating ball 1 moves up and down synchronously along with the sea waves, the base system and the shell 7 are subjected to the same gravity and opposite buoyancy directions under the action of the counterweight plate 8, and therefore the base system and the shell 7 and the buoy system have relative displacement; the floating ball 1, the connecting rod 2, the inner circular magnetic ring 3, the support rod 4 and the outer circular ring 5 are in rigid connection, the floating ball 1 moves up and down along with sea waves, and the outer circular ring 5 and the inner circular magnetic ring 3 also move synchronously along with the sea waves. As shown in fig. 5, the method of triboelectric power generation: the sea surface fluctuates, the outer ring 5 moves up and down relative to a sliding rod 9 in a base system, a polyester fiber sheet layer 6 laid on the surface of a through hole on the upper surface of the outer ring 5 and a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod 9 move relatively, when friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 generates electrons, the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 receives the electrons, the surfaces of the two materials are respectively provided with charges with opposite polarities, so that a potential difference is generated between the two materials, and the electrons are driven to flow in an external circuit in a reciprocating mode, so that current is generated; as shown in fig. 6, the generated current sequentially enters a current detector 12 and an accumulator 13 through a lead, the current detector 12 is externally connected with a signal external transmission line for analyzing the real-time current state, the friction force generated when the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 move relatively is reversely deduced from the real-time information of the current, and the friction force is converted into the displacement of the floating ball 1 for compensating the ocean wave height measurement error caused by mechanical friction; part of the electric energy stored in the accumulator 13 is used for transmitting pulse current, and part of the electric energy is output to other equipment. As shown in fig. 4, the method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height: the inner magnetic ring 3 and the base system have vertical relative displacement; a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring is generated on the surface of the inner circular magnetic ring 3, and the direction of the permanent magnetic field is from the inner side surface of the inner circular magnetic ring 3 to the outer side surface; the pulse current emitter 14 emits pulse current, an ampere annular magnetic field is generated around the waveguide tube 15, when the ampere annular magnetic field intersects with a magnetic ring permanent magnetic field, a stress wave pulse signal is generated in the waveguide tube 15 under the action of magnetostriction, the stress wave pulse signal is transmitted at a fixed sound velocity and is quickly received by the stress wave detector 16, the transmission time of the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide tube 15 is in direct proportion to the distance between the stress wave detectors 16, the time interval between an initial pulse and a return pulse is calculated through the stress wave signal analyzer 17, the height of the floating ball 1 at a certain moment can be accurately determined, and the sea surface fluctuation real-time state at a certain moment is also determined; and then the time interval signals are output, so that the change curve of the up-and-down displacement of the sea surface along with the time can be obtained on the sea wave real-time state display, and the real-time wave height can be obtained.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the device is installed on the basis of a base system; firstly, mounting a middle limiting block 10 of a sliding rod 9; secondly, a connecting rod 2, an inner magnetic ring 3, a support rod 4 and an outer circular ring 5 are installed, a slide rod 9 penetrates through a through hole in the circular ring surface of the outer circular ring 5, the inner magnetic ring 3 is connected with the outer circular ring 5 through the support rod 4, the outer side surface of the outer circular ring 5 is fixed through a bolt, and the connecting rod 2 is inserted into the circular ring surface through hole of the inner magnetic ring 3 and is fixed through welding; thirdly, mounting a limit block 10 at the top end of the sliding rod 9; fourthly, installing a shell 7, enabling the connecting rod 2 to penetrate through a through hole in the upper surface of the shell 7, enabling the lower portion of the shell 7 to be attached to the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8, and fixing the two portions of the shell 7 by using bolts after the two portions are in butt joint; fifthly, welding and fixing the floating ball 1 and the connecting rod 2; and finally, sealing and waterproof measures are taken for the contact part of the shell 7 and the connecting rod 2, the joint part of the lower part of the shell 7 and the upper surface of the counterweight plate 8, and the butt joint part and the bolt connecting part of the shell 7.
After the installation is finished, the whole device is placed on the sea surface, when the sea surface is not fluctuated, the floating ball 1 is positioned above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell 7 are positioned below the sea surface; when sea waves occur, the floating ball 1 moves up and down synchronously along with the sea waves, the base system and the shell 7 are subjected to the same gravity and opposite buoyancy directions under the action of the counterweight plate 8, and therefore the base system and the shell 7 and the buoy system have relative displacement; the floating ball 1, the connecting rod 2, the inner circular magnetic ring 3, the support rod 4 and the outer circular ring 5 are in rigid connection, the floating ball 1 moves up and down along with sea waves, and the outer circular ring 5 and the inner circular magnetic ring 3 also move synchronously along with the sea waves. The friction power generation method comprises the following steps: the sea surface fluctuates, the outer ring 5 moves up and down relative to a sliding rod 9 in a base system, a polyester fiber sheet layer 6 laid on the surface of a through hole on the upper surface of the outer ring 5 and a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod 9 move relatively, when friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 generates electrons, the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 receives the electrons, the surfaces of the two materials are respectively provided with charges with opposite polarities, so that a potential difference is generated between the two materials, and the electrons are driven to flow in an external circuit in a reciprocating mode, so that current is generated; the generated current sequentially enters a current detector 12 and a storage battery 13 through a lead, the current detector 12 is externally connected with a signal external transmission line and is used for analyzing the real-time current state, the friction force generated when the polyester fiber sheet layer 6 and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer 11 move relatively is reversely deduced from the real-time information of the current, and the friction force is converted into the displacement of the floating ball 1 and is used for compensating the ocean wave height measurement error caused by mechanical friction; part of the electric energy stored in the accumulator 13 is used for transmitting pulse current, and part of the electric energy is output to other equipment. The method for dynamically monitoring the ocean wave height comprises the following steps: the inner magnetic ring 3 and the base system have vertical relative displacement; a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring is generated on the surface of the inner circular magnetic ring 3, and the direction of the permanent magnetic field is from the inner side surface of the inner circular magnetic ring 3 to the outer side surface; the pulse current emitter 14 emits pulse current, an ampere annular magnetic field is generated around the waveguide tube 15, when the ampere annular magnetic field intersects with a magnetic ring permanent magnetic field, a stress wave pulse signal is generated in the waveguide tube 15 under the action of magnetostriction, the stress wave pulse signal is transmitted at a fixed sound velocity and is quickly received by the stress wave detector 16, the transmission time of the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide tube 15 is in direct proportion to the distance between the stress wave detectors 16, the time interval between an initial pulse and a return pulse is calculated through the stress wave signal analyzer 17, the height of the floating ball 1 at a certain moment can be accurately determined, and the sea surface fluctuation real-time state at a certain moment is also determined; and then the time interval signals are output, so that the change curve of the up-and-down displacement of the sea surface along with the time can be obtained on the sea wave real-time state display, and the real-time wave height can be obtained.
Claims (2)
1. A device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing friction power generation comprises a buoy system, a base system and a shell (7); the buoy system comprises a floating ball (1), four connecting rods (2), an inner circular magnetic ring (3), four supporting rods (4) and an outer circular ring (5), wherein the upper circular ring surface and the lower circular ring surface of the outer circular ring (5) are parallel to the sea level, and the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the outer circular ring (5) are vertical to the sea level; the base system comprises a counterweight plate (8), three sliding rods (9), an electric energy receiving module and a sea wave monitoring module, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the counterweight plate (8) are parallel to the sea level; the shell (7) consists of two identical hollow plastic semi-cylinders, the upper surface of each semi-cylinder is provided with two through holes for the connecting rod (2) to pass through, and sliding bearings are arranged in the through holes; the lower parts of the semi-cylinders are attached to the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8), and the two semi-cylinders are connected and fixed through bolts after being butted; the method is characterized in that: the circular ring surface of the outer circular ring (5) in the buoy system is uniformly provided with three through holes for the sliding rods (9) to pass through along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of each through hole is coated with a polyester fiber sheet layer (6), and the polyester fiber sheet layer (6) is connected with a lead; the inner side surface of the outer ring (5) is uniformly connected with four support rods (4) along the circumferential direction; the circle centers of the inner magnetic ring (3) and the outer magnetic ring (5) are superposed and are positioned on the same plane; the outer side surface of the inner circular magnetic ring (3) is connected with the other ends of four support rods (4) which are circumferentially connected with the inner side surface of the outer circular ring (5); the annular surface of the inner circular magnetic ring (3) is provided with four through holes for the connecting rod (2) to pass through along the circumferential direction; the inner side surface of the inner magnetic ring (3) is coated with N-pole magnetic materials, and the outer side surface is coated with S-pole magnetic materials; the floating ball (1) is positioned on the sea surface, four connecting rods (2) which are arranged perpendicular to the sea surface are connected below the floating ball (1), and the other end of each connecting rod (2) is inserted into a through hole in the surface of the circular ring of the inner magnetic ring (3) and then is fixed by welding; the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8) is provided with three blind holes for the sliding rod (9) to be inserted and fixed, and the central angle between every two adjacent blind holes is 120 degrees; the blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8), the slide rod (9) and the through hole on the outer circular ring (5) are superposed on the vertical axis; one end of a sliding rod (9) is inserted into a blind hole on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8), the other end of the sliding rod penetrates through a through hole on the outer circular ring (5), limiting blocks (10) are arranged at the top end of the sliding rod (9) and the middle part of the sliding rod (9), a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) is laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod (9) between the two limiting blocks (10), and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) is connected with a lead; the outer circular ring (5) can slide up and down between the two limiting blocks (10); the electric energy receiving module comprises a current detector (12), an accumulator (13), a signal transmission line and a lead; the current detector (12) and the accumulator (13) are arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8); the currents generated by mutual friction of the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layers (11) on the outer surfaces of the three sliding rods (9) and the polyester fiber sheet layers (6) on the surfaces of the through holes of the outer circular ring (5) sequentially flow into the current detector (12) and the accumulator (13) through the leads; the current detector (12) is externally connected with a signal transmission line, part of the electric energy received by the accumulator (13) is used for the wave monitoring module to emit pulse current, and the rest electric energy is output; the wave monitoring module comprises an excitation loop consisting of a pulse current emitter (14), a stress wave detector (16), a stress wave signal analyzer (17), a wave absorber (18) and a waveguide tube (15); the pulse current emitter (14) is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8); the stress wave detector (16) is positioned above the pulse current emitter (14) and below the middle limiting block (10) of the sliding rod (9); the stress wave signal analyzer (17) is positioned beside the pulse current emitter (14) and is arranged on the upper surface of the counterweight plate (8); the stress wave detector (16) is connected with the stress wave signal analyzer (17) by a lead, and the stress wave signal analyzer (17) is externally connected with a signal transmission line; the wave breaker (18), the stress wave detector (16) and the pulse current emitter (14) are connected in series by a straight waveguide tube (15), and the wave breaker (18) is positioned on the upper part of a limited block (10) at the top end of the sliding rod (9); the waveguide tube (15) is turned 90 degrees at the upper end of the wave absorber (18), then turned 90 degrees downwards when reaching the axis of the sliding rod (9), enters the sliding rod (9) and is connected to the pulse current emitter (14) in a returning mode, and therefore an excitation loop formed by the waveguide tube (15) is formed.
2. A method for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation, which adopts the device for dynamically monitoring ocean wave height and synchronously realizing triboelectric power generation as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that: the whole device is placed on the sea surface, when the sea surface is not fluctuated, the floating ball (1) is positioned above the sea surface, and the base system and the shell (7) are positioned below the sea surface; when sea waves occur, the floating ball (1) moves up and down synchronously along with the sea waves, the base system and the shell (7) are subjected to the same gravity and opposite buoyancy directions under the action of the counterweight plate (8), and therefore the base system, the shell (7) and the buoy system have relative displacement; the floating ball (1), the connecting rod (2), the inner circular magnetic ring (3), the support rod (4) and the outer circular ring (5) are in rigid connection, the floating ball (1) moves up and down along with sea waves, and the outer circular ring (5) and the inner circular magnetic ring (3) also move synchronously along with the sea waves; the friction power generation method comprises the following steps: the sea surface fluctuates, the outer ring (5) moves up and down relative to a sliding rod (9) in the base system, a polyester fiber sheet layer (6) laid on the surface of a through hole on the upper surface of the outer ring (5) and a polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) laid on the outer surface of the sliding rod (9) move relatively, when friction occurs, the polyester fiber sheet layer (6) generates electrons, the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) receives the electrons, the surfaces of the two materials are respectively provided with charges with opposite polarities, so that a potential difference is generated between the two materials, and the electrons are driven to flow in an external circuit in a reciprocating mode, and current is generated; the generated current sequentially enters a current detector (12) and a current condenser (13) through a lead, the current detector (12) is externally connected with a signal external transmission line and is used for analyzing the real-time current state, the friction force generated when the polyester fiber sheet layer (6) and the polydimethylsiloxane sheet layer (11) move relatively is reversely deduced from the real-time information of the current, and the friction force is converted into the displacement of the floating ball (1) and is used for compensating the ocean wave height measurement error caused by mechanical friction; a part of the electric energy stored by the accumulator (13) is used for transmitting pulse current, and a part of the electric energy is output to other equipment; the method for dynamically monitoring the ocean wave height comprises the following steps: the inner magnetic ring (3) and the base system have vertical relative displacement; a permanent magnetic field of the magnetic ring is generated on the surface of the inner magnetic ring (3), and the direction of the permanent magnetic field is from the inner side surface of the inner magnetic ring (3) to the outer side surface; the pulse current emitter (14) emits pulse current, an ampere annular magnetic field is generated around the waveguide tube (15), when the ampere annular magnetic field intersects with a permanent magnetic field of a magnetic ring, a stress wave pulse signal is generated in the waveguide tube (15) due to the effect of magnetostriction, the stress wave pulse signal is propagated at a fixed sound velocity and is quickly received by the stress wave detector (16), the transmission time of the stress wave pulse signal in the waveguide tube (15) is in direct proportion to the distance between the stress wave detectors (16), and the time interval between an initial pulse and a return pulse is calculated by the stress wave signal analyzer (17), so that the height of the floating ball (1) at a certain moment can be accurately determined, and the sea surface fluctuation real-time state at the certain moment is also determined; and then the time interval signals are output, so that the change curve of the up-and-down displacement of the sea surface along with the time can be obtained on the sea wave real-time state display, and the real-time wave height can be obtained.
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| CN111307120B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2022-10-21 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Sensor, ocean wave spectrum measuring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN112144682B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-08-06 | 大连理工大学 | Self-sensing friction damper |
| CN113153612B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-03-29 | 西南石油大学 | Self-anchored wave power generation device |
| CN113252235B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-06-14 | 深圳大学 | Water energy monitoring system and method based on OFDR additive manufacturing |
| CN114046220B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-02-02 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Power generation system and power generation method |
| CN114485578A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-13 | 青岛黄海学院 | Marine ecology monitoring device and working method thereof |
| CN115649356A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-01-31 | 大连海事大学 | Buoy provided with wave sensor based on friction nano generator |
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| CN108344402A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-31 | 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 | A kind of ocean wave high measurement equipment |
| CN208291429U (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-12-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of ocean monitoring buoy system |
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| WO2003098159A1 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-11-27 | The Johns Hopkins University | Wave measuring buoy and method of calibrating same |
| CN108344402A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-31 | 中国航空工业集团公司上海航空测控技术研究所 | A kind of ocean wave high measurement equipment |
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