WEARABLE AND SELF-ENERGIZED SAFETY MONITORING AND ALARM SYSTEM TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to the field of safety monitoring, and specifically, to a wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system. BACKGROUND In a severe environment in a deep mine, a necessary condition for safety production in the mine is to monitor environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, concentration of poisonous and detrimental gases, and oxygen concentration in the mine. A necessary guarantee for life safety of miners is to obtain parameters of a working environment in the mine in real time and remind the miners of impending dangers in time. A traditional mine monitoring method cannot satisfy a safety monitoring requirement of the deep mine due to factors such as high ground pressure stress, high temperature and humidity, high hydraulic pressure, poor air quality, long power supply circuits during deep mining. Currently, two existing methods are mainly used to monitor the environment parameters in the mine. In a first method, a monitoring point is established, and a monitoring instrument is installed in a station building in a wired manner. In this method, target points that can be monitored are limited, costs are high, and a large quantity of cables are required. In addition, the cables may be easily damaged because they are in a high temperature and humidity environment for a long time, and as a result, the cables have poor ductility and reliability. In a second method, a detection device is carried around. The detection device is usually powered by a built-in battery or charged. Restricted by power, the detection device needs to be often charged or its battery needs to be often replaced. In the deep mine, restricted by energy supply, the detection device has limited use time and high costs, and cannot communicate with a mine monitoring network. SUMMARY The present disclosure aims to provide a wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm apparatus that can monitor an environment state of a position of a miner in real time and can generate an alarm when there is a danger. The present disclosure provides a wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system for a miner. The system includes an execution module and a self-energized power supply. The execution module is powered by the self-energized power supply. The execution module includes a central processing unit (CPU), a sensor module, a display module, a communications module, and an alarm module. The sensor module includes a plurality of replaceable environment parameter detection sensors for detecting a plurality of environment parameters. The sensor module is connected to the CPU. The display module is connected to the CPU. The communications module is connected to the CPU. The alarm module includes an acoustic component, an optical component, and a vibration component, and is configured to remind a user through sound, light, and vibration when an environment parameter exceeds a threshold. The alarm module is connected to the CPU. The self-energized power supply includes piezoceramic transducers (PZTs), a supercapacitor, a bridge rectifier circuit, and a voltage boosting and stabilization chip. The self-energized power supply is configured to output a voltage ranging from 0.3V to 5.5V to provide enough energy, convert mechanical energy generated by the user's pulse and arm swinging during walking into electrical energy, rectify the electrical energy into a direct current (DC) by using the bridge rectifier circuit, and store the DC in the supercapacitor. The PZTs are first connected in series and then connected in parallel in a laminated structure by using a large quantity of ultra-thin PZT patches, to convert the mechanical energy generated by alarm swinging and the pulse into an alternating current (AC) voltage of 0.3V. The PZTs are very thin and small. Therefore, a large quantity of PZTs can be connected in parallel to increase output electrical energy, connected in series to increase an output voltage and output electrical energy, or connected both in series and in parallel to output a proper voltage and enough electrical energy. In the accompanying drawing, four PZTs are first connected in series two by two and are then connected in parallel. The bridge rectifier circuit rectifies an AC generated by the PZTs into the DC. A charging and discharging efficiency of the supercapacitor is as high as 95%, and a service life of the supercapacitor is approximately unlimited. When being used, the supercapacitor is charged repeatedly to capture and store DC electrical energy outputted by the bridge rectifier circuit. The supercapacitor begins to discharge when a certain voltage is reached during charging. A model of the voltage boosting and stabilization chip is TPS61200, with a minimum input voltage of 0.3V and an output voltage of 5.5V. A stable DC voltage ranging from 1.8V to 5.5V can be output after the voltage boosting and stabilization chip performs voltage boosting and stabilization on the electrical energy stored by the supercapacitor. The output DC voltage can satisfy working voltages of most microsensors in the current market. The self-energized power supply can perform rectification and voltage boosting and stabilization on the electrical energy converted from the mechanical energy generated by the user, and then powers the execution module. Redundant electrical energy is stored in the supercapacitor with extremely large capacitance. If mechanical energy generated when the user's alarms cannot swing is not enough to power the execution module, the supercapacitor provides energy for the TPS61200 chip till a voltage output by the TPS61200 chip is lower than 0.3V, so that the execution module can be powered stably and continuously, without affecting the user's operations in a mine. Compared with an existing personal monitoring system, the wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system does not require frequent charging or battery replacement, and is characterized by extremely long working duration in the mine and relatively high power supply reliability. The self-energized power supply outputs a maximum voltage of 5.5V after the voltage boosting and stabilization chip performs voltage boosting and stabilization on an original voltage of 0.3V, thereby achieving an effect of energy limitation and protection. Moreover, the power supply and other modules excluding the sensor module can be packaged to ensure safe power supply in the mine. The most obvious advantage of the present disclosure is the self-energized power supply. The self-energized power supply can power the apparatus in the present disclosure immediately after the apparatus is worn on the user's hand, and stops powering the apparatus after the apparatus is removed from the user's hand. Single power supply duration of the self-energized power supply is nearly indefinite, and is only restricted by service lives of the chip, the capacitor, and the PZTs. Compared with self-energized monitoring equipment, existing personal monitoring equipment shows no outstanding performance in terms of charging or duration. The operations of the existing personal monitoring equipment, such as charging and battery replacement, need to be performed on the ground instead of in the mine, and this makes it difficult to perform daily maintenance. The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects. The wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system provided in the present disclosure has a small structure and can be conveniently carried in a form of a wearable bracelet. The system is powered by a vital sign of the user, without requiring battery replacement or frequent charging. Moreover, the system can be operated easily. When an environment monitoring parameter exceeds a threshold, the system automatically generates an alarm to remind the user to leave the dangerous region. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system according to the present disclosure; and FIG. 2 is an outer three-dimensional sketch of a wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system according to the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION A specific embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to specific accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the present disclosure provides a wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system, including an execution module 1 and a self-energized power supply 2. The execution module 1 includes a sensor module 11, a CPU 12, a display module 13, an alarm module 14, and a communications module 15. The sensor module 11 includes a plurality of sensors. The sensor module 11 is connected to the CPU 12, and configured to monitor environment parameters and transmit a monitoring signal to the CPU 12. The CPU 12 has signal conversion and processing functions, and is configured to receive the signal from the sensor module 11, analyze and process the signal, and transmit the signal to the display module 13, the alarm module 14, and the communications module 15. The display module 13 is connected to the CPU 12, and configured to display the environment parameters in real time. The communications module 15 is connected to the CPU 12, and configured to exchange the environment parameters with another monitoring system as a wireless signal. The alarm module 14 includes a sound component 141, a vibration component 142, and a light component 143. The alarm module 14 is connected to the CPU 12, and configured to generate an alarm for a user through sound, light, and vibration when an environment parameter exceeds a threshold. The self-energized power supply 2 includes PZTs 21, a bridge rectifier circuit 22, a supercapacitor 23, and a voltage boosting and stabilization chip 24, and is configured to provide electrical energy for the execution module 1. The PZTs 21 are first connected in series and then connected in parallel in a laminated structure by using a large quantity of ultra-thin PZT patches, to convert mechanical energy generated by alarm swinging and a pulse into an AC voltage of 0.3V. The bridge rectifier circuit 22 rectifies an AC generated by the PZTs 21 into a DC. A charging and discharging efficiency of the supercapacitor 23 is as high as 95%, and a service life of the supercapacitor 23 is approximately unlimited. When being used, the supercapacitor 23 is charged repeatedly to capture and store DC electrical energy outputted by the bridge rectifier circuit 22. The supercapacitor 23 begins to discharge when a certain voltage is reached during charging.
A model of the voltage boosting and stabilization chip 24 is TPS61200, with a minimum input voltage of 0.3V and an output voltage of 5.5V. A stable DC voltage ranging from 1.8V to 5.5V can be output after the voltage boosting and stabilization chip 24 performs voltage boosting and stabilization on the electrical energy stored by the supercapacitor 23. The output DC voltage can satisfy working voltages of most microsensors in the current market. The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects. The wearable and self-energized safety monitoring and alarm system provided in the present disclosure has a small structure and can be conveniently carried in a form of a wearable bracelet. The system is powered by a vital sign of the user, without requiring battery replacement or frequent charging. The system is safe and reliable because a maximum output voltage of the system is 5.5V, an energy limitation circuit is used, and a heat effect generated by the system during working is not enough to ignite a combustible gas. Moreover, the system can be operated easily. When an environment monitoring parameter exceeds a threshold, the system automatically generates an alarm to remind the user to leave the dangerous region.